Economic inequality is a persistent global issue with profound implications for mental health,particularly among older adults.Previous studies have largely focused on objective economic well-being indicators such as i...Economic inequality is a persistent global issue with profound implications for mental health,particularly among older adults.Previous studies have largely focused on objective economic well-being indicators such as income,employment status,and poverty.While these factors are crucial,emerging evidence suggests that welfare benefits and subjective economic well-being components of what can be deemed augmented economic well-being,may play equally significant roles in shaping psychological health among aging populations.This research explores how disparities in these aspects contribute to psychological distress in older adults.We highlight the role of financial security,government assistance pro-grams,and personal economic satisfaction.We propose policy interventions to mitigate adverse effects and emphasize the need for a holistic approach to econo-mic well-being to improve mental health outcomes in older adults.This study reveals that subjective financial security and access to welfare benefits often surpass income as predictors of mental health.These insights underscore the importance of broadening economic frameworks in aging research and deve-loping integrated policies to enhance financial and psychological well-being.展开更多
Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in the 1990s,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly and continuously.Since 2013,the scale of trade b...Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in the 1990s,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly and continuously.Since 2013,the scale of trade between the two countries has expanded year on year,and investment has broadened from traditional agriculture and industry to the digital economy and financial insurance,which has effectively promoted industrial development in both countries.More infrastructure cooperation has significantly improved the development environment in Indonesia,producing tangible benefits for the local people.Different types of special economic zones have facilitated breakthrough development for Indonesian industries while creating employment opportunities for local residents and driving local economic development.展开更多
In the Turkish Economy,there were radical changes in the structure of the economy with the policies of opening up to the outside world and transition to a free market economy in the 1980s,and the last step of this ope...In the Turkish Economy,there were radical changes in the structure of the economy with the policies of opening up to the outside world and transition to a free market economy in the 1980s,and the last step of this opening up and liberalization process was realized with the decision number 32 in 1989.We can say that with the liberalization of capital movements in the 1990s,economic growth and development were tried to be achieved through hot money inflows rather than direct foreign investments.This trend made the economy more open to crises,and for the first time,a crisis occurred in the form of the 1994 economic crisis,which was understood to be caused by hot money.The same economic structure experienced a financial and economic crisis caused by hot money again in November 2000 and February 2001.While the crisis was overcome with the stand-by agreement made with the IMF(International Monetary Fund)and the announced Transition to a Strong Economy program,the economy started to grow rapidly with the ease of using foreign resources,and political stability seems to have enabled this economic growth process to continue uninterruptedly except 2009.There was also a decrease in inflation rates.The same economic structure continued in the period between 2010 and 2020,and the financing need of economic growth was met by outsourcing.However,this process was different from the previous decade and there was no economic and financial crisis other than the sudden increase in exchange rates in 2018.We can say that the sudden exchange rate increase in 2018 was perceived as a harbinger of possible exchange rate shocks in the following years.展开更多
Mid-Year Marine Economy Report Developing the marine economy and building China into a maritime powerhouse are of great significance for China’s socio-economic sustainable development,as well as for advancing its mod...Mid-Year Marine Economy Report Developing the marine economy and building China into a maritime powerhouse are of great significance for China’s socio-economic sustainable development,as well as for advancing its modernization drive.Recently released data from the Ministry of Natural Resources shows that during the first half of 2025,despite a complex and volatile external environment,China’s marine economy withstood the pressure and maintained a steady and positive development trend.展开更多
Professor Paul Crosthwaite,from the School of Literature,Languages,and Cultures at the University of Edinburgh,is a prominent scholar in the interdisciplinary field of literature and economics.He is a co-editor of the...Professor Paul Crosthwaite,from the School of Literature,Languages,and Cultures at the University of Edinburgh,is a prominent scholar in the interdisciplinary field of literature and economics.He is a co-editor of the Palgrave Studies in Literature,Culture,and Economics series and The Cambridge Companion to Literature and Economics(2022).In recent years,he has significantly influenced the intersection of literature and economics,advocating particularly for a shift towards the Economic Humanities.This interview covers:1.The definition and theoretical origin of the Economic Humanities;2.The internal heterogeneity and critical limitations of the New Economic Criticism,and the theoretical advantages and potential development of the Economic Humanities;3.What research paradigms do Environmental Humanities,Medical Humanities,and Digital Humanities provide for the Economic Humanities;4.How literary researchers can work at the interface of the Economic Humanities research.As a novel interdisciplinary interface between literature and economics,Professor Paul Crosthwaite’s concept of the Economic Humanities not only pioneers methodological tools for interdisciplinary studies of literature and economics but also underscores the interpretative potential and disciplinary benefits of literary viewpoints on economics.This underscores the vital role of literature in human knowledge,meriting attention from the literary research academia.展开更多
At the Boao Forum for Asia 2025 Annual Conference,the 2025 Annual Report on Asia's Economic Outlook and Integration Process(hereinafter referred to as the Report)was officially released.The report highlights that ...At the Boao Forum for Asia 2025 Annual Conference,the 2025 Annual Report on Asia's Economic Outlook and Integration Process(hereinafter referred to as the Report)was officially released.The report highlights that despite multiple challenges facing global economic recovery,Asia will remain a primary engine of global economic growth.展开更多
On September 1st,the 18th Chi na-LAC Business Summit Promotion Conference opened in Beijing.Chinese and foreign vips gathered to prepare for the 18th China LAC Business Summit,planned for Zhengzhou,Henan,from Novemb...On September 1st,the 18th Chi na-LAC Business Summit Promotion Conference opened in Beijing.Chinese and foreign vips gathered to prepare for the 18th China LAC Business Summit,planned for Zhengzhou,Henan,from November 3rd to 4th.展开更多
This study examines how demographic factors shape engagement with virtual cultural communities and awareness of emerging economic models.Using survey data from 202 participants,descriptive statistics,independent sampl...This study examines how demographic factors shape engagement with virtual cultural communities and awareness of emerging economic models.Using survey data from 202 participants,descriptive statistics,independent samples t-tests,and One-way Analysis of Variance(ANOVA)with Least Significant Difference(LSD)post-hoc analyses revealed significant influences of age,education,and occupation.No significant gender differences were found.Individuals aged 26-45 demonstrated higher virtual community participation(F=3.439,p=0.01)and emerging model awareness(F=2.834,p=0.026)than younger cohorts(18-25 years and below).Respondents with postgraduate education exhibited superior understanding of emerging economic models(F=3.296,p=0.022)and their nexus with cultural values(F=6.196,p<0.001)compared to those with lower educational attainment.Significant occupational variations existed in virtual participation(F=4.001,p=0.008)and economic model awareness(F=5.611,p=0.001),with enterprise employees and civil servants scoring higher than students and freelancers.These findings underscore the critical roles of life stage,educational investment,and professional context in shaping digital cultural behaviors and economic cognition,offering valuable insights for platform design,educational strategies,and policy development in the digital cultural economy.展开更多
The latest economic data released by China’s National Bureau of Statistics for April 2025 underscores the country’s robust economic recovery and structural transformation.Industrial production surged by 6.1 percent ...The latest economic data released by China’s National Bureau of Statistics for April 2025 underscores the country’s robust economic recovery and structural transformation.Industrial production surged by 6.1 percent year on year,propelled by breakthroughs in advanced manufacturing,from high-tech industries to cutting-edge equipment sectors.展开更多
The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Thailand,as well as the“Golden Jubilee of Sino-Thai Friendship”.Over the past half-century,the scale and scope ...The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Thailand,as well as the“Golden Jubilee of Sino-Thai Friendship”.Over the past half-century,the scale and scope of economic and trade cooperation between China and Thailand have dramatically expanded.Both nations have strengthened their bilateral economic ties,which have increasingly strengthened their interdependence and.complementarity,presenting a broad prospect of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation.展开更多
Economic globalization is a process of forming a global market under the conditions of technological progress and national opening-up.Influenced by factors such as national policies,the international environment and g...Economic globalization is a process of forming a global market under the conditions of technological progress and national opening-up.Influenced by factors such as national policies,the international environment and geopolitics,the values,concepts and choices of the participants of globalization will change accordingly,thus affecting the mode,scale and speed of globalization.展开更多
EI Salvador is gradually consolidating its position as a strategic destination for foreign direct investment,especially for countries with extensive experience in industrial,technological,and logistics development,suc...EI Salvador is gradually consolidating its position as a strategic destination for foreign direct investment,especially for countries with extensive experience in industrial,technological,and logistics development,such as the People’s Republic of China.Thanks to ambitious economic policies based on sustainability,inclusivity,and global competitiveness,the country has clearly defined a development agenda focused on priority sectors with high potential for international cooperation.展开更多
In October 2024,at the 27th ChinaASEAN Leaders'Meeting,the leaders of China and ten ASEAN nations announced the substantial conclusion of the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0 Upgrade Negotiations,and proposed that the two side...In October 2024,at the 27th ChinaASEAN Leaders'Meeting,the leaders of China and ten ASEAN nations announced the substantial conclusion of the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0 Upgrade Negotiations,and proposed that the two sides would strive to formally sign in 2025 the Protocol on Further Upgrading the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement and pertinent agreements under the Agreement.展开更多
Since the beginning of European integration,the European Community has been committed to building an internal single market.Economically,it has been encouraging free competition,combating monopolies,and cautiously usi...Since the beginning of European integration,the European Community has been committed to building an internal single market.Economically,it has been encouraging free competition,combating monopolies,and cautiously using industrial policies.展开更多
This paper focuses on Chengdu and Chongqing’s positioning as important economic center in western China and their evolving into an economic center of national influence.On the one hand,it uses the synthetic differenc...This paper focuses on Chengdu and Chongqing’s positioning as important economic center in western China and their evolving into an economic center of national influence.On the one hand,it uses the synthetic difference-in-differences(SDID)method to analyze the impact of policies since 2011 designed to build Chengdu and Chongqing into an important economic center in western China.On the other hand,it employs the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to comprehensively evaluate the influences of ten core Chinese cities as economic centers within four major urban agglomerations,as well as conduct an analytical assessment of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from key perspectives such as its capacity to lead,capacity to agglomerate,and capacity to radiate.From a longitudinal historical perspective,both Chengdu and Chongqing have benefited significantly from policies designed to build an important economic center in western China,and which laid a foundation for building an economic center of national influence.From a horizontal regional comparison,among the ten core cities evaluated as economic centers within the four major urban agglomerations,Chengdu and Chongqing ranked in the middle,possessing a moderate but not yet outstanding influence.Consequently,to evolve into an economic center of national influence,the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle should leverage its relative advantages in connectivity,market size,value chain division of labor,policy attractiveness,and industry development.It can enhance its influence by strengthening the complementarity of its economic resources,overcoming the administrative inertia,accelerating the establishment of a regional innovation system,broadening the scope of its economic radiation,and promoting its comprehensive and all-dimensional opening-up.展开更多
In the Government Work Report released on March 5,the main goals for China’s economic development in 2025 were clarified.Some may seem consistent with last year,but they still contain profound considerations and trad...In the Government Work Report released on March 5,the main goals for China’s economic development in 2025 were clarified.Some may seem consistent with last year,but they still contain profound considerations and trade-offs,while others have changed unexpectedly to better match the reality on the ground.展开更多
China is a major country with global influence.The sheer size of it determines that the complexity and difficulty of achieving modernization in China are unprecedented,and so are the significance and influence of Chin...China is a major country with global influence.The sheer size of it determines that the complexity and difficulty of achieving modernization in China are unprecedented,and so are the significance and influence of Chinese modernization.As the most grand-scale and unique innovation in human history,Chinese modernization indeed has comprehensive and profound significance for the world economy.展开更多
This article presents an overview of economic sociology on the example of the countries of Central Asia,where there are unique problems associated with the transformation of socio-economic relations in the period of p...This article presents an overview of economic sociology on the example of the countries of Central Asia,where there are unique problems associated with the transformation of socio-economic relations in the period of post-Soviet adaptation of the republics that were part of the Soviet Union.Social inequality,discrimination and inequality based on tribal,ethical,religious or gender grounds,lack of inclusivity-these and many other social challenges and problems that our society faces require a search for solutions and an optimal way out of the situation,since society and the development of society directly affect the economy in the countries as a whole,the stability of society and the quality of life of citizens of the entire Central Asian region and each country.Social justice creates stability in market relations and contributes to economic growth,equal rights and opportunities create the necessary level of trust in society at which growth and development take place.The article analyzes the changes that have taken place since the independence of the republics,as well as the post-pandemic period,which has made significant adjustments to the lives of citizens of Central Asian countries.展开更多
This study investigates the spatial courting between digital economic signs and local monetary overall performance throughout ten provinces in Sumatra,Indonesia,from 2019 to 2022.As digitalization hastens economic and...This study investigates the spatial courting between digital economic signs and local monetary overall performance throughout ten provinces in Sumatra,Indonesia,from 2019 to 2022.As digitalization hastens economic and business sports,devices together with fintech lending,e-cash,debit card usage,and e-commerce are increasingly more diagnosed as capability drivers of regional increase.But,the unequal distribution of digital infrastructure and monetary literacy across regions raises issues approximately the inclusivity of these benefits.constructing upon current findings by using Miranti et al.(2024),this research employs spatial econometric fashions-particularly the Spatial Lag model(SLM)and Spatial mistakes model(SEM)-to evaluate how digital variables influence provincial financial overall performance while accounting for spatial spillover consequences.The results reveal that fintech lending and debit card usage exert a positive and significant impact on economic growth,whereas the effect of e-money is negative,suggesting potential substitution effects or access constraints.Spatial dependency is also evident,as demonstrated by the significant lambda coefficient in the SEM model.These findings highlight the importance of spatially coordinated digital policies,particularly in addressing disparities and enhancing digital financial inclusion.The study concludes with policy recommendations aimed at fostering inclusive and spatially balanced digital economic development in Sumatra.展开更多
This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the noti...This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the notion of“inner cultivation”(xin xing xiulian)into the analytical framework,we introduce the concept of the“cultivating economic agent,”aiming to explore how rationality is generated,evolved,and transcended throughout the spiritual journey.The study argues that,in the context of Eastern culture,rationality is not merely an innate or static faculty but one that can be cultivated and transformed.Through textual analysis of the behavioral trajectories of Sun Wukong,Zhu Bajie,and Tang Sanzang,we uncover a structured behavioral logic of“goal orientation–institutional discipline–purification of the mind.”The findings suggest that although cultivation behaviors are not utilitarian decisions per se,they exhibit rational characteristics such as goal stability,autonomous will,and embedded incentives.展开更多
文摘Economic inequality is a persistent global issue with profound implications for mental health,particularly among older adults.Previous studies have largely focused on objective economic well-being indicators such as income,employment status,and poverty.While these factors are crucial,emerging evidence suggests that welfare benefits and subjective economic well-being components of what can be deemed augmented economic well-being,may play equally significant roles in shaping psychological health among aging populations.This research explores how disparities in these aspects contribute to psychological distress in older adults.We highlight the role of financial security,government assistance pro-grams,and personal economic satisfaction.We propose policy interventions to mitigate adverse effects and emphasize the need for a holistic approach to econo-mic well-being to improve mental health outcomes in older adults.This study reveals that subjective financial security and access to welfare benefits often surpass income as predictors of mental health.These insights underscore the importance of broadening economic frameworks in aging research and deve-loping integrated policies to enhance financial and psychological well-being.
文摘Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in the 1990s,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly and continuously.Since 2013,the scale of trade between the two countries has expanded year on year,and investment has broadened from traditional agriculture and industry to the digital economy and financial insurance,which has effectively promoted industrial development in both countries.More infrastructure cooperation has significantly improved the development environment in Indonesia,producing tangible benefits for the local people.Different types of special economic zones have facilitated breakthrough development for Indonesian industries while creating employment opportunities for local residents and driving local economic development.
文摘In the Turkish Economy,there were radical changes in the structure of the economy with the policies of opening up to the outside world and transition to a free market economy in the 1980s,and the last step of this opening up and liberalization process was realized with the decision number 32 in 1989.We can say that with the liberalization of capital movements in the 1990s,economic growth and development were tried to be achieved through hot money inflows rather than direct foreign investments.This trend made the economy more open to crises,and for the first time,a crisis occurred in the form of the 1994 economic crisis,which was understood to be caused by hot money.The same economic structure experienced a financial and economic crisis caused by hot money again in November 2000 and February 2001.While the crisis was overcome with the stand-by agreement made with the IMF(International Monetary Fund)and the announced Transition to a Strong Economy program,the economy started to grow rapidly with the ease of using foreign resources,and political stability seems to have enabled this economic growth process to continue uninterruptedly except 2009.There was also a decrease in inflation rates.The same economic structure continued in the period between 2010 and 2020,and the financing need of economic growth was met by outsourcing.However,this process was different from the previous decade and there was no economic and financial crisis other than the sudden increase in exchange rates in 2018.We can say that the sudden exchange rate increase in 2018 was perceived as a harbinger of possible exchange rate shocks in the following years.
文摘Mid-Year Marine Economy Report Developing the marine economy and building China into a maritime powerhouse are of great significance for China’s socio-economic sustainable development,as well as for advancing its modernization drive.Recently released data from the Ministry of Natural Resources shows that during the first half of 2025,despite a complex and volatile external environment,China’s marine economy withstood the pressure and maintained a steady and positive development trend.
文摘Professor Paul Crosthwaite,from the School of Literature,Languages,and Cultures at the University of Edinburgh,is a prominent scholar in the interdisciplinary field of literature and economics.He is a co-editor of the Palgrave Studies in Literature,Culture,and Economics series and The Cambridge Companion to Literature and Economics(2022).In recent years,he has significantly influenced the intersection of literature and economics,advocating particularly for a shift towards the Economic Humanities.This interview covers:1.The definition and theoretical origin of the Economic Humanities;2.The internal heterogeneity and critical limitations of the New Economic Criticism,and the theoretical advantages and potential development of the Economic Humanities;3.What research paradigms do Environmental Humanities,Medical Humanities,and Digital Humanities provide for the Economic Humanities;4.How literary researchers can work at the interface of the Economic Humanities research.As a novel interdisciplinary interface between literature and economics,Professor Paul Crosthwaite’s concept of the Economic Humanities not only pioneers methodological tools for interdisciplinary studies of literature and economics but also underscores the interpretative potential and disciplinary benefits of literary viewpoints on economics.This underscores the vital role of literature in human knowledge,meriting attention from the literary research academia.
文摘At the Boao Forum for Asia 2025 Annual Conference,the 2025 Annual Report on Asia's Economic Outlook and Integration Process(hereinafter referred to as the Report)was officially released.The report highlights that despite multiple challenges facing global economic recovery,Asia will remain a primary engine of global economic growth.
文摘On September 1st,the 18th Chi na-LAC Business Summit Promotion Conference opened in Beijing.Chinese and foreign vips gathered to prepare for the 18th China LAC Business Summit,planned for Zhengzhou,Henan,from November 3rd to 4th.
文摘This study examines how demographic factors shape engagement with virtual cultural communities and awareness of emerging economic models.Using survey data from 202 participants,descriptive statistics,independent samples t-tests,and One-way Analysis of Variance(ANOVA)with Least Significant Difference(LSD)post-hoc analyses revealed significant influences of age,education,and occupation.No significant gender differences were found.Individuals aged 26-45 demonstrated higher virtual community participation(F=3.439,p=0.01)and emerging model awareness(F=2.834,p=0.026)than younger cohorts(18-25 years and below).Respondents with postgraduate education exhibited superior understanding of emerging economic models(F=3.296,p=0.022)and their nexus with cultural values(F=6.196,p<0.001)compared to those with lower educational attainment.Significant occupational variations existed in virtual participation(F=4.001,p=0.008)and economic model awareness(F=5.611,p=0.001),with enterprise employees and civil servants scoring higher than students and freelancers.These findings underscore the critical roles of life stage,educational investment,and professional context in shaping digital cultural behaviors and economic cognition,offering valuable insights for platform design,educational strategies,and policy development in the digital cultural economy.
文摘The latest economic data released by China’s National Bureau of Statistics for April 2025 underscores the country’s robust economic recovery and structural transformation.Industrial production surged by 6.1 percent year on year,propelled by breakthroughs in advanced manufacturing,from high-tech industries to cutting-edge equipment sectors.
文摘The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Thailand,as well as the“Golden Jubilee of Sino-Thai Friendship”.Over the past half-century,the scale and scope of economic and trade cooperation between China and Thailand have dramatically expanded.Both nations have strengthened their bilateral economic ties,which have increasingly strengthened their interdependence and.complementarity,presenting a broad prospect of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation.
文摘Economic globalization is a process of forming a global market under the conditions of technological progress and national opening-up.Influenced by factors such as national policies,the international environment and geopolitics,the values,concepts and choices of the participants of globalization will change accordingly,thus affecting the mode,scale and speed of globalization.
文摘EI Salvador is gradually consolidating its position as a strategic destination for foreign direct investment,especially for countries with extensive experience in industrial,technological,and logistics development,such as the People’s Republic of China.Thanks to ambitious economic policies based on sustainability,inclusivity,and global competitiveness,the country has clearly defined a development agenda focused on priority sectors with high potential for international cooperation.
文摘In October 2024,at the 27th ChinaASEAN Leaders'Meeting,the leaders of China and ten ASEAN nations announced the substantial conclusion of the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0 Upgrade Negotiations,and proposed that the two sides would strive to formally sign in 2025 the Protocol on Further Upgrading the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement and pertinent agreements under the Agreement.
文摘Since the beginning of European integration,the European Community has been committed to building an internal single market.Economically,it has been encouraging free competition,combating monopolies,and cautiously using industrial policies.
文摘This paper focuses on Chengdu and Chongqing’s positioning as important economic center in western China and their evolving into an economic center of national influence.On the one hand,it uses the synthetic difference-in-differences(SDID)method to analyze the impact of policies since 2011 designed to build Chengdu and Chongqing into an important economic center in western China.On the other hand,it employs the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to comprehensively evaluate the influences of ten core Chinese cities as economic centers within four major urban agglomerations,as well as conduct an analytical assessment of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from key perspectives such as its capacity to lead,capacity to agglomerate,and capacity to radiate.From a longitudinal historical perspective,both Chengdu and Chongqing have benefited significantly from policies designed to build an important economic center in western China,and which laid a foundation for building an economic center of national influence.From a horizontal regional comparison,among the ten core cities evaluated as economic centers within the four major urban agglomerations,Chengdu and Chongqing ranked in the middle,possessing a moderate but not yet outstanding influence.Consequently,to evolve into an economic center of national influence,the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle should leverage its relative advantages in connectivity,market size,value chain division of labor,policy attractiveness,and industry development.It can enhance its influence by strengthening the complementarity of its economic resources,overcoming the administrative inertia,accelerating the establishment of a regional innovation system,broadening the scope of its economic radiation,and promoting its comprehensive and all-dimensional opening-up.
文摘In the Government Work Report released on March 5,the main goals for China’s economic development in 2025 were clarified.Some may seem consistent with last year,but they still contain profound considerations and trade-offs,while others have changed unexpectedly to better match the reality on the ground.
文摘China is a major country with global influence.The sheer size of it determines that the complexity and difficulty of achieving modernization in China are unprecedented,and so are the significance and influence of Chinese modernization.As the most grand-scale and unique innovation in human history,Chinese modernization indeed has comprehensive and profound significance for the world economy.
文摘This article presents an overview of economic sociology on the example of the countries of Central Asia,where there are unique problems associated with the transformation of socio-economic relations in the period of post-Soviet adaptation of the republics that were part of the Soviet Union.Social inequality,discrimination and inequality based on tribal,ethical,religious or gender grounds,lack of inclusivity-these and many other social challenges and problems that our society faces require a search for solutions and an optimal way out of the situation,since society and the development of society directly affect the economy in the countries as a whole,the stability of society and the quality of life of citizens of the entire Central Asian region and each country.Social justice creates stability in market relations and contributes to economic growth,equal rights and opportunities create the necessary level of trust in society at which growth and development take place.The article analyzes the changes that have taken place since the independence of the republics,as well as the post-pandemic period,which has made significant adjustments to the lives of citizens of Central Asian countries.
文摘This study investigates the spatial courting between digital economic signs and local monetary overall performance throughout ten provinces in Sumatra,Indonesia,from 2019 to 2022.As digitalization hastens economic and business sports,devices together with fintech lending,e-cash,debit card usage,and e-commerce are increasingly more diagnosed as capability drivers of regional increase.But,the unequal distribution of digital infrastructure and monetary literacy across regions raises issues approximately the inclusivity of these benefits.constructing upon current findings by using Miranti et al.(2024),this research employs spatial econometric fashions-particularly the Spatial Lag model(SLM)and Spatial mistakes model(SEM)-to evaluate how digital variables influence provincial financial overall performance while accounting for spatial spillover consequences.The results reveal that fintech lending and debit card usage exert a positive and significant impact on economic growth,whereas the effect of e-money is negative,suggesting potential substitution effects or access constraints.Spatial dependency is also evident,as demonstrated by the significant lambda coefficient in the SEM model.These findings highlight the importance of spatially coordinated digital policies,particularly in addressing disparities and enhancing digital financial inclusion.The study concludes with policy recommendations aimed at fostering inclusive and spatially balanced digital economic development in Sumatra.
文摘This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the notion of“inner cultivation”(xin xing xiulian)into the analytical framework,we introduce the concept of the“cultivating economic agent,”aiming to explore how rationality is generated,evolved,and transcended throughout the spiritual journey.The study argues that,in the context of Eastern culture,rationality is not merely an innate or static faculty but one that can be cultivated and transformed.Through textual analysis of the behavioral trajectories of Sun Wukong,Zhu Bajie,and Tang Sanzang,we uncover a structured behavioral logic of“goal orientation–institutional discipline–purification of the mind.”The findings suggest that although cultivation behaviors are not utilitarian decisions per se,they exhibit rational characteristics such as goal stability,autonomous will,and embedded incentives.
