Incorporating ecosystem health(EH)assessment into ecological function zoning(EFZ)provides a scientific basis for regional ecosystem management.This study quantitatively assessed EH in Qinghai and Xizang(QX)of China du...Incorporating ecosystem health(EH)assessment into ecological function zoning(EFZ)provides a scientific basis for regional ecosystem management.This study quantitatively assessed EH in Qinghai and Xizang(QX)of China during 2000–2023 using the vigor-organization-resilience-services(VORS)model across multiple spatial scales(raster,town,county,and basin),and examined spatial clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation.EH indicators were then integrated with ecological sensitivity to delineate ecological function zones using self-organizing feature mapping(SOFM),and path analysis was applied to identify dominant drivers of EH across different zones.Results showed that:1)EH in QX generally improved over time but exhibited pronounced scale dependence and spatial heterogeneity.A stable large-scale gradient of‘higher in the east and lower in the north’was observed across all scales,while temporal variations were more evident at finer scales and became attenuated at coarser scales.2)EH displayed significant positive spatial autocorrelation dominated by‘High-High’and‘Low-Low’associations,although clustering strength declined over time,especially at finer spatial resolutions.3)QX was designated as five ecological function zones,named using a three-part scheme(geographic sectordominant ecosystem type-primary function):North-Alpine desert-Sand fixation zone(ZoneⅠ),West-Alpine desert steppe-Ecological fragile zone(ZoneⅡ),Southwest-Alpine steppe and meadow-Water sensitive zone(ZoneⅢ),East-Alpine meadow-Water yield zone(ZoneⅣ),and Southeast-Tropical seasonal rainforest-Ecosystem services provisioning zone(ZoneⅤ).4)At the raster scale of the entire study area,temperature and proportion of forestland area were the most influential factors associated with EH,while NDVI and the proportion of grassland area played relatively smaller roles.Across zones,the dominant drivers of EH differed,reflecting clear spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem regulation mechanisms.These findings demonstrate the value of integrating EH assessment into EFZ and provide scientific support for differentiated ecosystem management and conservation strategies in QX.展开更多
The implementation of Ecological Function Protection Zone(EFPZ)policy is significant for the ecological restoration and conservation of soil and water in the territory space.This manuscript analyzed and quantified the...The implementation of Ecological Function Protection Zone(EFPZ)policy is significant for the ecological restoration and conservation of soil and water in the territory space.This manuscript analyzed and quantified the impact of EFPZ on the regional water conservation function,based on land use data from 2005,2008,2010,2015 and 2020,by conducting a counterfactual simulation along with the GeoSOS-FLUS model and the InVEST model.The results demonstrate that the delineation of EFPZ can significantly influence the water conservation.(1)From 2010 to 2020,as the EFPZ was implemented,the water conservation in the study area was increasing year by year,with a growth rate of 0.03×10^(8) m^(3)∙a^(-1).On the other hand,the simulated water conservation capacity without the implementation of EFPZ decreased year by year,with a decrease rate of 0.01×10^(8) m^(3)∙a^(-1).(2)The EFPZ accounts for only 23%of the total area,but the contribution rate of water conservation reaches 80%.The actual values of water conservation and average water yield per unit pixel in the EFPZ show an increasing trend both internally and externally,while the counterfactual simulation values exhibit a decreasing trend.(3)The water conservation is much higher within the EFPZ than without EFPZ.The implementation of EFPZ has a significant effect on the improvement of the water conservation capacity in Maqu EFPZ and Yellow River Source EFPZ.The protection effectiveness should be enhanced in Qilian Mountain EFPZ and afforestation activities need to be carefully considered in Loess Plateau EFPZ.展开更多
The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for...The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for achieving regional ecological civilization and coordinated socio-economic progress.This study,grounded in ecological carrying capacity theory,established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the QLMs,delineated ecological functional zones using natural and socioeconomic data from 2001–2020,and then explored six sustainable development modes.Results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological carrying capacity in QLMs from 2001 to 2020,based on which ecological red line(32.02%),yellow line(40.30%),and green line(27.68%)zones were designated.The red,yellow,and green line zones correspond to priority conservation,conservation-development coordination,and appropriate development areas,respectively.For different zones,six differentiated development modes were proposed,the ecological conservation mode emphasized strict protection and systematic restoration to secure key ecological functions.The ecological compensation mode used institutionalized compensation to offset conservation costs and improve both protection performance and livelihoods.The ecological tourism mode leveraged natural and cultural resources to generate green income.The aboriginal integration mode strengthened resilience through livelihood transition and cultural continuity.The community co-management mode enhanced local governance through shared rights,responsibilities,and benefits.The social participation mode reinforced regional governance via multi-actor collaboration and resource integration.Overall,ecological red line zones emphasized conservation and compensation,yellow line zones balanced social participation,while green line zones integrated all six modes.This study provided actionable solutions to resolve the conflict between ecological protection and economic development in the QLMs,and offered a replicable‘assessment-zoning-modeling'framework for sustainable development in other ecologically fragile and barrier regions in China.展开更多
Identifying ecologically vulnerable areas is critical for constructing ecological barriers and precisely controlling ecological risks.With the rapid development of big data and Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,...Identifying ecologically vulnerable areas is critical for constructing ecological barriers and precisely controlling ecological risks.With the rapid development of big data and Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,many intelligent methods have been developed to support the identification of vulnerable ecological areas.This paper reviews the methodological advancements in identifying ecologically vulnerable areas,including geographic zoning,expert integration,mathematical statistics,geographic information visualization,artificial neural networks,and unsupervised deep learning clustering methods.Additionally,we assessed several classic software tools used in ecology and natural resource management.Based on the review,several urgent research challenges for ecological function zoning research are proposed,such as the application of ecological vulnerability assessment intelligent algorithms,big data collaborative analysis,and the development of automated identification software.Considering the requirements in the Mongolian Plateau,this study proposes future development prospects of methods for identifying ecologically vulnerable area zoning,combined with the new AI research paradigm.They include enhancing the comprehensive analysis of multimodal data,increasing ecological barrier big data collaborative processing,advancing the interpretability of ecological function partitioning algorithms,developing automatic zoning software tools,and pushing the collaborative analysis of geographic big data and citizen science data.展开更多
Ecosystem services have become one of the core elements of ecosystem management and evaluation. As a key area of ecosystem services and for maintaining national ecological security, ecosystem changes and implementatio...Ecosystem services have become one of the core elements of ecosystem management and evaluation. As a key area of ecosystem services and for maintaining national ecological security, ecosystem changes and implementation effect evaluation are important in national key ecological function zones, for promoting the main function zone strategy and for improving the construction of an ecological civilization. This article studies the ecological zone of a tropical rainforest region in the central mountain area of Hainan Island, China. Multi-source satellite data and ground observation statistics are analyzed with geo-statistics method and ecological assessment model. The core analysis of this paper includes ecosystem patterns, quality and services. By means of spatial and temporal scale expansion and multidimensional space-time correlation analysis, the trends and stability characteristics of ecosystem changes are analyzed, and implementation effect evaluation is discussed. The analysis shows a variety of results. The proportion of forest area inside the ecological zone was significantly higher than the average level in Hainan Island. During 1990–2013, settlement gradually increased inside the ecological zone. After implementation of the zone in 2010, human activity intensity increased, with the main land use being urban construction and land reclamation. Water conservation in the ecological function zone was higher than that outside the zone. In general, it increased slightly, but had obvious fluctuations. Soil conservation inside the zone was also better than that outside. However, it demonstrated dramatic fluctuations and relatively poor stability during 1990–2013. The human disturbance index inside the zone was significantly lower than that outside, and had a lower biodiversity threat level. Especially in 2010–2013, the increased range of the human disturbance index inside the zone was significantly less than that outside.展开更多
The Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is evolving into a modern green development demonstration zone,where river basin water quality is improving,rural industries are being transformed,and ecological value is being...The Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is evolving into a modern green development demonstration zone,where river basin water quality is improving,rural industries are being transformed,and ecological value is being converted into economic value.Academic research has gradually expanded with the opening of construction practices.Against the backdrop of the main functional zoning,the Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is guiding the differentiated development of Beijing's mountainous areas,while accounting for the developmental constraints of higher-level planning and the requirements for regional economic growth and providing decision-making references for policy formulation and engineering construction.This study outlines the overarching characteristics of theoretical research on the Beijing Ecological Conservation Area by synthesizing two decades of academic progress through four key themes:(1)Cultivation and realization mechanisms for ecological product value;(2)Rural socio-economic development and functional evolution;(3)Watershed water conservation and ecological barrier construction;and(4)The equilibrium between ecological preservation and industrial development.Finally,by analyzing the inherent constraints and balance between ecological protection and economic development,the modern developmental logic of the Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is elucidated.Building on this analysis,future research directions are proposed across three dimensions:technical methodologies,paradigm establishment for research topics,and the optimization of research perspectives and objectives.展开更多
Evaluation of the river ecological environment can provide a basis for river management and ecological restoration.To conduct a comprehensive health assessment of the rivers in Tianjin,their biological,physical,and ch...Evaluation of the river ecological environment can provide a basis for river management and ecological restoration.To conduct a comprehensive health assessment of the rivers in Tianjin,their biological,physical,and chemical indicators are investigated on the basis of 32 river monitoring sites from August to September 2018.The comprehensive pollution and ecological integrity indexes of the rivers are analyzed.Results of the two evaluations,compared to achieve the river ecological environment evaluation,are as follows.1)Index of Ecological Integrity evaluation shows that among the sampling points,18.8%are"healthy",28.1%are"sub-healthy",40.6%are"fair",6.3%are"poor",and 6.3%are"very poor".2)The comprehensive evaluation of the chemical properties of the 32 river ecosystems in Tianjin shows severe overall river pollution and low standard water function area.Of the total sampling sites,16(50%)are heavily contaminated and 10(31.3%)are moderately contaminated.Excessive chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen are the main causes of water pollution.3)The Index of Ecological Integrity(IEI)has high correspondence with environmental factors.Pearson correlation analysis results show that the IEI index is significantly correlated with permanganate index(R=-0.453;P=0.023<0.05).Analysis results using BEST show that ammonia nitrogen is the best environmental parameter to explain the changes in IEI(R_(ho)=0.154;P=0.02<0.05)and those using RELATE show significant correlation between the biotic index and the environmental parameter matrices(R_(ho)=0.154;P=0.034<0.05).展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.20190ZKK0405)the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project(Class A)(No.XDA2002040201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(No.300102354901)。
文摘Incorporating ecosystem health(EH)assessment into ecological function zoning(EFZ)provides a scientific basis for regional ecosystem management.This study quantitatively assessed EH in Qinghai and Xizang(QX)of China during 2000–2023 using the vigor-organization-resilience-services(VORS)model across multiple spatial scales(raster,town,county,and basin),and examined spatial clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation.EH indicators were then integrated with ecological sensitivity to delineate ecological function zones using self-organizing feature mapping(SOFM),and path analysis was applied to identify dominant drivers of EH across different zones.Results showed that:1)EH in QX generally improved over time but exhibited pronounced scale dependence and spatial heterogeneity.A stable large-scale gradient of‘higher in the east and lower in the north’was observed across all scales,while temporal variations were more evident at finer scales and became attenuated at coarser scales.2)EH displayed significant positive spatial autocorrelation dominated by‘High-High’and‘Low-Low’associations,although clustering strength declined over time,especially at finer spatial resolutions.3)QX was designated as five ecological function zones,named using a three-part scheme(geographic sectordominant ecosystem type-primary function):North-Alpine desert-Sand fixation zone(ZoneⅠ),West-Alpine desert steppe-Ecological fragile zone(ZoneⅡ),Southwest-Alpine steppe and meadow-Water sensitive zone(ZoneⅢ),East-Alpine meadow-Water yield zone(ZoneⅣ),and Southeast-Tropical seasonal rainforest-Ecosystem services provisioning zone(ZoneⅤ).4)At the raster scale of the entire study area,temperature and proportion of forestland area were the most influential factors associated with EH,while NDVI and the proportion of grassland area played relatively smaller roles.Across zones,the dominant drivers of EH differed,reflecting clear spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem regulation mechanisms.These findings demonstrate the value of integrating EH assessment into EFZ and provide scientific support for differentiated ecosystem management and conservation strategies in QX.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42161043)the improvement plan of scientific research ability in Northwest Normal University(NWNU-LKQN2020-16).
文摘The implementation of Ecological Function Protection Zone(EFPZ)policy is significant for the ecological restoration and conservation of soil and water in the territory space.This manuscript analyzed and quantified the impact of EFPZ on the regional water conservation function,based on land use data from 2005,2008,2010,2015 and 2020,by conducting a counterfactual simulation along with the GeoSOS-FLUS model and the InVEST model.The results demonstrate that the delineation of EFPZ can significantly influence the water conservation.(1)From 2010 to 2020,as the EFPZ was implemented,the water conservation in the study area was increasing year by year,with a growth rate of 0.03×10^(8) m^(3)∙a^(-1).On the other hand,the simulated water conservation capacity without the implementation of EFPZ decreased year by year,with a decrease rate of 0.01×10^(8) m^(3)∙a^(-1).(2)The EFPZ accounts for only 23%of the total area,but the contribution rate of water conservation reaches 80%.The actual values of water conservation and average water yield per unit pixel in the EFPZ show an increasing trend both internally and externally,while the counterfactual simulation values exhibit a decreasing trend.(3)The water conservation is much higher within the EFPZ than without EFPZ.The implementation of EFPZ has a significant effect on the improvement of the water conservation capacity in Maqu EFPZ and Yellow River Source EFPZ.The protection effectiveness should be enhanced in Qilian Mountain EFPZ and afforestation activities need to be carefully considered in Loess Plateau EFPZ.
基金Under the auspices of Ecological Civilization Special Project of Key Research&Development Program in Gansu Province(No.24YFFA009)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Planning Project(No.24ZD13FA004)+3 种基金Top Talent Project of Gansu province(No.GS202307)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program for Leading Talents in Science and Technology Innovation(No.25RCKA026)Gansu Province Youth Talent Program(Individual Project)(No.2025QNGR53)Lanzhou TalentDriven City Development Initiative(No.LZ202401)。
文摘The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for achieving regional ecological civilization and coordinated socio-economic progress.This study,grounded in ecological carrying capacity theory,established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the QLMs,delineated ecological functional zones using natural and socioeconomic data from 2001–2020,and then explored six sustainable development modes.Results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological carrying capacity in QLMs from 2001 to 2020,based on which ecological red line(32.02%),yellow line(40.30%),and green line(27.68%)zones were designated.The red,yellow,and green line zones correspond to priority conservation,conservation-development coordination,and appropriate development areas,respectively.For different zones,six differentiated development modes were proposed,the ecological conservation mode emphasized strict protection and systematic restoration to secure key ecological functions.The ecological compensation mode used institutionalized compensation to offset conservation costs and improve both protection performance and livelihoods.The ecological tourism mode leveraged natural and cultural resources to generate green income.The aboriginal integration mode strengthened resilience through livelihood transition and cultural continuity.The community co-management mode enhanced local governance through shared rights,responsibilities,and benefits.The social participation mode reinforced regional governance via multi-actor collaboration and resource integration.Overall,ecological red line zones emphasized conservation and compensation,yellow line zones balanced social participation,while green line zones integrated all six modes.This study provided actionable solutions to resolve the conflict between ecological protection and economic development in the QLMs,and offered a replicable‘assessment-zoning-modeling'framework for sustainable development in other ecologically fragile and barrier regions in China.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFE0119200)The Key Research and Development and Achievement Transformation Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2023KJHZ0027)+1 种基金The Key Project of Innovation LREIS(KPI006)The Construction Project of China Knowledge Center for Engineering Sciences and Technology(CKCEST-2023-1-5)。
文摘Identifying ecologically vulnerable areas is critical for constructing ecological barriers and precisely controlling ecological risks.With the rapid development of big data and Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,many intelligent methods have been developed to support the identification of vulnerable ecological areas.This paper reviews the methodological advancements in identifying ecologically vulnerable areas,including geographic zoning,expert integration,mathematical statistics,geographic information visualization,artificial neural networks,and unsupervised deep learning clustering methods.Additionally,we assessed several classic software tools used in ecology and natural resource management.Based on the review,several urgent research challenges for ecological function zoning research are proposed,such as the application of ecological vulnerability assessment intelligent algorithms,big data collaborative analysis,and the development of automated identification software.Considering the requirements in the Mongolian Plateau,this study proposes future development prospects of methods for identifying ecologically vulnerable area zoning,combined with the new AI research paradigm.They include enhancing the comprehensive analysis of multimodal data,increasing ecological barrier big data collaborative processing,advancing the interpretability of ecological function partitioning algorithms,developing automatic zoning software tools,and pushing the collaborative analysis of geographic big data and citizen science data.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFC0506506,No.2016YFC0500206National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41501484
文摘Ecosystem services have become one of the core elements of ecosystem management and evaluation. As a key area of ecosystem services and for maintaining national ecological security, ecosystem changes and implementation effect evaluation are important in national key ecological function zones, for promoting the main function zone strategy and for improving the construction of an ecological civilization. This article studies the ecological zone of a tropical rainforest region in the central mountain area of Hainan Island, China. Multi-source satellite data and ground observation statistics are analyzed with geo-statistics method and ecological assessment model. The core analysis of this paper includes ecosystem patterns, quality and services. By means of spatial and temporal scale expansion and multidimensional space-time correlation analysis, the trends and stability characteristics of ecosystem changes are analyzed, and implementation effect evaluation is discussed. The analysis shows a variety of results. The proportion of forest area inside the ecological zone was significantly higher than the average level in Hainan Island. During 1990–2013, settlement gradually increased inside the ecological zone. After implementation of the zone in 2010, human activity intensity increased, with the main land use being urban construction and land reclamation. Water conservation in the ecological function zone was higher than that outside the zone. In general, it increased slightly, but had obvious fluctuations. Soil conservation inside the zone was also better than that outside. However, it demonstrated dramatic fluctuations and relatively poor stability during 1990–2013. The human disturbance index inside the zone was significantly lower than that outside, and had a lower biodiversity threat level. Especially in 2010–2013, the increased range of the human disturbance index inside the zone was significantly less than that outside.
基金The General Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(21BJL005)。
文摘The Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is evolving into a modern green development demonstration zone,where river basin water quality is improving,rural industries are being transformed,and ecological value is being converted into economic value.Academic research has gradually expanded with the opening of construction practices.Against the backdrop of the main functional zoning,the Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is guiding the differentiated development of Beijing's mountainous areas,while accounting for the developmental constraints of higher-level planning and the requirements for regional economic growth and providing decision-making references for policy formulation and engineering construction.This study outlines the overarching characteristics of theoretical research on the Beijing Ecological Conservation Area by synthesizing two decades of academic progress through four key themes:(1)Cultivation and realization mechanisms for ecological product value;(2)Rural socio-economic development and functional evolution;(3)Watershed water conservation and ecological barrier construction;and(4)The equilibrium between ecological preservation and industrial development.Finally,by analyzing the inherent constraints and balance between ecological protection and economic development,the modern developmental logic of the Beijing Ecological Conservation Area is elucidated.Building on this analysis,future research directions are proposed across three dimensions:technical methodologies,paradigm establishment for research topics,and the optimization of research perspectives and objectives.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China(No.2018ZX07111002)the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China(No.2017ZX07107001).
文摘Evaluation of the river ecological environment can provide a basis for river management and ecological restoration.To conduct a comprehensive health assessment of the rivers in Tianjin,their biological,physical,and chemical indicators are investigated on the basis of 32 river monitoring sites from August to September 2018.The comprehensive pollution and ecological integrity indexes of the rivers are analyzed.Results of the two evaluations,compared to achieve the river ecological environment evaluation,are as follows.1)Index of Ecological Integrity evaluation shows that among the sampling points,18.8%are"healthy",28.1%are"sub-healthy",40.6%are"fair",6.3%are"poor",and 6.3%are"very poor".2)The comprehensive evaluation of the chemical properties of the 32 river ecosystems in Tianjin shows severe overall river pollution and low standard water function area.Of the total sampling sites,16(50%)are heavily contaminated and 10(31.3%)are moderately contaminated.Excessive chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen are the main causes of water pollution.3)The Index of Ecological Integrity(IEI)has high correspondence with environmental factors.Pearson correlation analysis results show that the IEI index is significantly correlated with permanganate index(R=-0.453;P=0.023<0.05).Analysis results using BEST show that ammonia nitrogen is the best environmental parameter to explain the changes in IEI(R_(ho)=0.154;P=0.02<0.05)and those using RELATE show significant correlation between the biotic index and the environmental parameter matrices(R_(ho)=0.154;P=0.034<0.05).
