Investigating ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems is essential for enhancing our comprehension of key ecological issues,such as community stability,keystone species identification,and the manipulation ...Investigating ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems is essential for enhancing our comprehension of key ecological issues,such as community stability,keystone species identification,and the manipulation of community structures.However,exploring these interactions proves challenging within complex natural ecosys-tems.With advances in synthetic biology,the design of synthetic microbial ecosystems has received increasing attention due to their reduced complexity and enhanced controllability.Various ecological relationships,includ-ing commensalism,amensalism,mutualism,competition,and predation have been established within synthetic ecosystems.These relationships are often context-dependent and shaped by physical and chemical environmental factors,as well as by interacting populations and surrounding species.This review consolidates current knowl-edge of synthetic microbial ecosystems and factors influencing their ecological dynamics.A deeper understanding of how these ecosystems function and respond to different variables will advance our understanding of microbial-community interactions.展开更多
Stoichiometry has long been addressed in the studies of ecosystem ecology, but it was almost ignored for a long time. Until recently, ecologists have become aware that stoichiometry could provide a new tool to study e...Stoichiometry has long been addressed in the studies of ecosystem ecology, but it was almost ignored for a long time. Until recently, ecologists have become aware that stoichiometry could provide a new tool to study ecology from genes to the biosphere. Among this trend, N:P stoichiometry is used actively in ecological interactions since nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the two most important elements in most ecosystems. This article reviews the application of N:P stoichiometry to the studies of ecological problems at different levels, including ecosystem, community and species. Meanwhile, we also provide the cellular basis of N:P stoichiometry, identify the shortages in the use of N:P stoichiometry theory, and put forward some perspectives for future research to be conducted.展开更多
Anammox （ANaerobic AMMonia OXidation） is a newly discovered pathway in the nitrogen cycle. This discovery has increased our knowledge of the global nitrogen cycle and triggered intense interest for anammox-based app...Anammox （ANaerobic AMMonia OXidation） is a newly discovered pathway in the nitrogen cycle. This discovery has increased our knowledge of the global nitrogen cycle and triggered intense interest for anammox-based applications. Anammox bacteria are almost ubiquitous in the suboxic zones of almost all types of natural ecosystems and contribute significant to the global total nitrogen loss. In this paper, their ecological distributions and contributions to the nitrogen loss in marine, wetland, terrestrial ecosystems, and even extreme environments were reviewed. The unique metabolic mechanism of anammox bacteria was well described, including the particular cellular structures and genome compositions, which indicate the special evolutionary status of anammox bacteria. Finally, the ecological interactions among anammox bacteria and other organisms were discussed based on substrate availability and spatial organizations. This review attempts to summarize the fundamental understanding of anammox, provide an up-to-date summary of the knowledge of the overall anammox status, and propose future prospects for anammox. Based on novel findings, the metagenome has become a powerful tool for the genomic analysis of communities containing anammox bacteria; the metabolic diversity and biogeochemistry in the global nitrogen budget require more comprehensive studies.展开更多
Ecological interactions are evolutionarily conserved,indicating a tendency of closely related species to interact with similar partners.Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi form obligate symbioses with the roots of most la...Ecological interactions are evolutionarily conserved,indicating a tendency of closely related species to interact with similar partners.Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi form obligate symbioses with the roots of most land plants.Local host preference is frequently reported as a factor in structuring AM fungal communities.There lacks study about whether AM fungi-host preference could structure AM fungal communities at the regional scales.Here,AM fungal communities of 296 root samples were revealed,encompassing 76 plant species from 29 plant families,which were sampled in steppe in the Xilingol Grassland in northern China.The relative importance of plant phylogeny,geographical distance,and environmental variables were characterized on phylogenetic turnover of AM fungal communities with GLMM-MCMC(the generalized linear mixed model using Markov chain Monte Carlo)and Mantel test approaches.Geographic distance appeared to be more important to the phylogenetic turnover of AM fungal communities than plant phylogeny and environmental variables,evidencing the role of dispersal limitation in shaping the root AM fungal communities.A great majority of phylogenetic beta diversity(betaNTI and betaNRI)is distributed between−2 and+2,which also suggested a random pattern of AM fungal communities.Here,empirical evidence supporting that dispersal limitation is the main determinant of AM fungal communities at the landscape scale is provided and it is suggested that AM fungal communities are mainly structured by stochastic events.展开更多
Recently,Chen and colleagues from Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology of Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with scientists from Nanjing Agricultural University and from the US,have identified...Recently,Chen and colleagues from Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology of Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with scientists from Nanjing Agricultural University and from the US,have identified a homeodomain（HOX）-containing transcription factor that plays a central role in controlling cotton fiber elongation.展开更多
基金supported by the Hainan Province Science and Tech-nology Special Fund(ZDYF2024XDNY164)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32470065,31971336)+4 种基金Shandong Provincial Nat-ural Science Foundation(ZR2022QC222)Shandong Province Medical and Health Science and Technology Project(202404070807)Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Com-mission(2024102001)Youth Science Foundation of Shandong First Medical University(202201-132)Talent Introduction of Jinan Cen-tral Hospital(YJRC2022002).
文摘Investigating ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems is essential for enhancing our comprehension of key ecological issues,such as community stability,keystone species identification,and the manipulation of community structures.However,exploring these interactions proves challenging within complex natural ecosys-tems.With advances in synthetic biology,the design of synthetic microbial ecosystems has received increasing attention due to their reduced complexity and enhanced controllability.Various ecological relationships,includ-ing commensalism,amensalism,mutualism,competition,and predation have been established within synthetic ecosystems.These relationships are often context-dependent and shaped by physical and chemical environmental factors,as well as by interacting populations and surrounding species.This review consolidates current knowl-edge of synthetic microbial ecosystems and factors influencing their ecological dynamics.A deeper understanding of how these ecosystems function and respond to different variables will advance our understanding of microbial-community interactions.
文摘Stoichiometry has long been addressed in the studies of ecosystem ecology, but it was almost ignored for a long time. Until recently, ecologists have become aware that stoichiometry could provide a new tool to study ecology from genes to the biosphere. Among this trend, N:P stoichiometry is used actively in ecological interactions since nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the two most important elements in most ecosystems. This article reviews the application of N:P stoichiometry to the studies of ecological problems at different levels, including ecosystem, community and species. Meanwhile, we also provide the cellular basis of N:P stoichiometry, identify the shortages in the use of N:P stoichiometry theory, and put forward some perspectives for future research to be conducted.
文摘Anammox （ANaerobic AMMonia OXidation） is a newly discovered pathway in the nitrogen cycle. This discovery has increased our knowledge of the global nitrogen cycle and triggered intense interest for anammox-based applications. Anammox bacteria are almost ubiquitous in the suboxic zones of almost all types of natural ecosystems and contribute significant to the global total nitrogen loss. In this paper, their ecological distributions and contributions to the nitrogen loss in marine, wetland, terrestrial ecosystems, and even extreme environments were reviewed. The unique metabolic mechanism of anammox bacteria was well described, including the particular cellular structures and genome compositions, which indicate the special evolutionary status of anammox bacteria. Finally, the ecological interactions among anammox bacteria and other organisms were discussed based on substrate availability and spatial organizations. This review attempts to summarize the fundamental understanding of anammox, provide an up-to-date summary of the knowledge of the overall anammox status, and propose future prospects for anammox. Based on novel findings, the metagenome has become a powerful tool for the genomic analysis of communities containing anammox bacteria; the metabolic diversity and biogeochemistry in the global nitrogen budget require more comprehensive studies.
基金supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CAFYBB2019QB001,CAFYBB2020ZB001)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31870099)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA26020102).
文摘Ecological interactions are evolutionarily conserved,indicating a tendency of closely related species to interact with similar partners.Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi form obligate symbioses with the roots of most land plants.Local host preference is frequently reported as a factor in structuring AM fungal communities.There lacks study about whether AM fungi-host preference could structure AM fungal communities at the regional scales.Here,AM fungal communities of 296 root samples were revealed,encompassing 76 plant species from 29 plant families,which were sampled in steppe in the Xilingol Grassland in northern China.The relative importance of plant phylogeny,geographical distance,and environmental variables were characterized on phylogenetic turnover of AM fungal communities with GLMM-MCMC(the generalized linear mixed model using Markov chain Monte Carlo)and Mantel test approaches.Geographic distance appeared to be more important to the phylogenetic turnover of AM fungal communities than plant phylogeny and environmental variables,evidencing the role of dispersal limitation in shaping the root AM fungal communities.A great majority of phylogenetic beta diversity(betaNTI and betaNRI)is distributed between−2 and+2,which also suggested a random pattern of AM fungal communities.Here,empirical evidence supporting that dispersal limitation is the main determinant of AM fungal communities at the landscape scale is provided and it is suggested that AM fungal communities are mainly structured by stochastic events.
文摘Recently,Chen and colleagues from Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology of Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with scientists from Nanjing Agricultural University and from the US,have identified a homeodomain（HOX）-containing transcription factor that plays a central role in controlling cotton fiber elongation.
