Effects of pen fish culture in Taihu lake were studied and summarized. During 1984 to 2001, pen fish culture of Taihu lake developed from extensive models to intensive and high-returned ones, the cultured species were...Effects of pen fish culture in Taihu lake were studied and summarized. During 1984 to 2001, pen fish culture of Taihu lake developed from extensive models to intensive and high-returned ones, the cultured species were shifted from fishes to crabs. Pen fish culture has caused eutrophication and detrimental effect to the ecological environment and fishery. The measures of sustainable development for pen fish culture and ecological environment protection were suggested.展开更多
Studying the coupling coordination development of new energy vehicles(NEVs)and the ecological environment in China is helpful in promoting the development of NEVs in the country and is of great significance in promoti...Studying the coupling coordination development of new energy vehicles(NEVs)and the ecological environment in China is helpful in promoting the development of NEVs in the country and is of great significance in promoting high-quality development of new energy in China.This paper constructs an evaluation index system for the development of NEVs and the ecological environment.It uses game theory combining weighting model,particle swarm optimized projection tracking evaluation model,coupling coordination degree model,and machine learning algorithms to calculate and analyze the level of coupling coordination development of NEVs and the ecological environment in China from 2010 to 2021,and identifies the driving factors.The research results show that:(i)From 2010 to 2021,the development index of NEVs in China has steadily increased from 0.085 to 0.634,while the ecological environment level index significantly rose from 0.170 to 0.884,reflecting the continuous development of China in both NEVs and the ecological environment.(ii)From 2010 to 2012,the two systems—new energy vehicle(NEV)development and the ecological environment—were in a period of imbalance and decline.From 2013 to 2016,they underwent a transition period,and from 2017 to 2021,they entered a period of coordinated development showing a trend of benign and continuous improvement.By 2021,they reached a good level of coordination.(iii)Indicators such as the number of patents granted for NEVs,water consumption per unit of GDP,and energy consumption per unit of GDP are the main driving factors affecting the coupling coordination development of NEVs and the ecological environment in China.展开更多
Understanding the ecological evolution is of great significance in addressing the impacts of climate change and human activities.However,the ecological evolution and its drivers remain inadequately explored in arid an...Understanding the ecological evolution is of great significance in addressing the impacts of climate change and human activities.However,the ecological evolution and its drivers remain inadequately explored in arid and semi-arid areas.This study took the Helan Mountain,a typical arid and semi-arid area in China,as the study area.By adopting an Enhanced Remote Sensing Ecological Index(ERSEI)that integrates the habitat quality(HQ)index with the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),we quantified the ecological environment quality of the Helan Mountain during 2010-2022 and analyzed the driving factors behind the changes.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was used to validate the composite ERSEI,enabling the extraction of key features and the reduction of redundant information.The results showed that the contributions of first principal component(PC1)for ERSEI and RSEI were 80.23%and 78.72%,respectively,indicating that the ERSEI can provide higher precision and more details than the RSEI in assessing ecological environment quality.Temporally,the ERSEI in the Helan Mountain exhibited an initial decline followed by an increase from 2010 to 2022,with the average value of ERSEI ranging between 0.298 and 0.346.Spatially,the ERSEI showed a trend of being higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast,with high-quality ecological environments mainly concentrated in the western foothills at higher altitudes.The centroid of ERSEI shifted northeastward toward Helan County from 2010 to 2022.Temperature and digital elevation model(DEM)emerged as the primary drivers of ERSEI changes.This study highlights the necessity of using comprehensive monitoring tools to guide policy-making and conservation strategies,ensuring the resilience of fragile ecosystems in the face of ongoing climatic and anthropogenic pressures.The findings offer valuable insights for the sustainable management and conservation in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.展开更多
Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy,China has undergone a period of rapid development.However,this urban expansion has been accompanied by significant ecological challenges.Therefore,understan...Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy,China has undergone a period of rapid development.However,this urban expansion has been accompanied by significant ecological challenges.Therefore,understanding the relationship between urban expansion and ecological sustainability is crucial for future urban planning.This study analyzes land use data to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban agglomeration expansion from 2000 to 2020.Using MODIS satellite data,this study constructs a Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)model to assess ecological quality changes over the past two decades.Additionally,an improved coupling coordination model is applied to examine the interaction between urban expansion and ecological quality and to evaluate the spatiotemporal trends of their coordination.The results indicate that:①From 2000 to 2020,urban expansion in the Henan section of the Yellow River Basin followed a pattern of“growth-growthdecline”.Pattern recognition analysis indicated that both urban agglomerations and individual cities primarily expanded through edge extension and infill development,while enclave-style expansion occurred in only a small portion of the region.②Between 2000 and 2020,the ecological quality of urban agglomerations in the Henan section of the Yellow River Basin showed a slight improvement.RSEI values ranged from 0.4 to 0.7,indicating moderate ecological quality.Ecological quality exhibited a spatial pattern of being higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast.Significant declines in ecological quality were primarily concentrated in urban built-up areas,forming a patch-like distribution.Conversely,notable improvements in ecological quality occurred mainly in the mountainous regions of the southwest and north.③Between 2000 and 2020,the coupling coordination level of urban agglomerations showed an increasing trend.Coupling coordination values ranged from 0.248 to 0.734.Most cities were near an imbalance between urban expansion and ecological quality,while Zhengzhou was the only city to consistently maintain coordinated development over two decades.Spatially,highly imbalanced areas were mainly concentrated in the western and southern Henan sections,particularly in Sanmenxia and Luoyang.Conversely,areas with high coupling coordination were centered around Zhengzhou,showing a radial expansion pattern in recent years.展开更多
Regular quantitative assessments of regional ecological environment quality(EEQ)and driving force analyses are highly important for environmental protection and sustainable development.Northern China is a typical clim...Regular quantitative assessments of regional ecological environment quality(EEQ)and driving force analyses are highly important for environmental protection and sustainable development.Northern China is a typical climate-sensitive and ecologically vulnerable area,however,the changes in EEQ in this region and their underlying causes remain unclear.Traditional evaluations of EEQ rely primarily on the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),which lacks assessments of indicators such as greenness(NDVI),humidity(WET),heat(LST),and dryness(NDBSI).To address these issues,this study employs the principal component analysis method and the Google Earth Engine to construct an RSEI suitable for long-term and large-scale applications and analyzes the spatio-temporal variations in the RSEI,NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.Additionally,geographical detectors are utilized to analyze the driving factors affecting EEQ.The results indicate the following.(1)The RSEI shows a fluctuating upward trend,with an average value of 0.4566,indicating a gradual improvement in EEQ.The EEQ exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity,with a pattern of lower values in the west and higher values in the east.(2)The NDVI and WET exhibit fluctuating increasing trends,indicating improvements in both indices.The NDBSI shows a fluctuating decreasing trend,whereas the LST presents a fluctuating increasing trend,suggesting an improvement in the NDBSI and a slight deterioration in the LST.NDVI and WET demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the west and high values in the east.NDBSI and LST demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the east and high values in the west.(3)Land use types and precipitation are the primary driving factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the EEQ.The explanatory power of these driving factors significantly increases under their interactions,particularly the interaction between land use types and other driving factors.This study fills the gap in existing EEQ evaluations that analyze only the RSEI without considering the NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.The findings provide new insights for EEQ assessments and serve as a scientific reference for environmental protection and sustainable development.展开更多
Slope climbing of urban expansion(SCE),as a form of urbanization,has increasingly significant impacts on urban development.Unsustainable slope climbing of urban expansion can harm the natural environment,thereby affec...Slope climbing of urban expansion(SCE),as a form of urbanization,has increasingly significant impacts on urban development.Unsustainable slope climbing of urban expansion can harm the natural environment,thereby affecting human production and living conditions.Using a coupled coordination model and the geographically weighted regression(GTWR)model,leveraging night light remote sensing data and ecological environment quality index model,this study investigated the coupling relationship between urban expansion and ecological environment quality and its influencing factors in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China from 2000 to 2020.The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020,the intensity of urban slope climbing in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a fluctuating upward trend,with the slope climbing intensity being most significant in Chongqing Municipality and Kunming of Yunnan Province.Overall,the ecological environment quality exhibited an upward trend,with over 80%of the study area maintaining stable or improved ecological quality.There is a certain spatial correspondence between ecological environment quality and urban slope climbing.Although these two aspects of development demonstrate a high degree of coordination,fluctuations still occur during the development process.Further research on the coupling coordination relationship between the two revealed that population density has a negative impact on coupling coordination in the eastern region,and technology expenditure in eastern coastal cities has shown a negative trend over time.To ensure the continued increase in the proportion of highly coordinated areas in the future,eastern coastal cities in the study region could prioritize ecological civilization construction,strengthen urban construction and development planning,adjust influencing factors,and ensure the coordinated development of urban growth with ecological environment quality.展开更多
[Objectives] To analyze the dynamic changes of maximum vegetation coverage in Ili River Basin from 2006 to 2020,and to explore the vegetation change and its influencing factors in the forest-grassland ecotone of Ili r...[Objectives] To analyze the dynamic changes of maximum vegetation coverage in Ili River Basin from 2006 to 2020,and to explore the vegetation change and its influencing factors in the forest-grassland ecotone of Ili region.[Methods] The pixel dichotomy model was used to process the MODIS data and analyze the change of vegetation coverage in the Ili River Basin from 2006 to 2020.[Results] (i)The vegetation coverage in the Ili River Basin increases gradually from west to east,and fluctuates greatly between years.(ii)By monitoring the change rate of the maximum vegetation coverage,it is found that the vegetation coverage of the basin has experienced a process of first decline and then recovery in the past 15 years.(iii)In spatial distribution,vegetation coverage has improved in some regions,while it has deteriorated in others,which may be related to regional climate change and human activities.[Conclusions] The vegetation coverage in the Ili River Basin showed significant spatial and temporal differences during the study period,and its changes were affected by both natural and human factors.展开更多
The monitoring,prediction and assessment of status about climate changes and ecological environment at home and abroad were discussed in this study,and the scientific significance and countermeasures for Qinghai-Tibet...The monitoring,prediction and assessment of status about climate changes and ecological environment at home and abroad were discussed in this study,and the scientific significance and countermeasures for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to cope with these problems were also put forward.展开更多
[Objective] This paper aims to confirm that Yunnan is one origin center of rice and human in the world.[Method] The complicated and unique ecological environment in Yunnan makes Yunnan Province the largest center of g...[Objective] This paper aims to confirm that Yunnan is one origin center of rice and human in the world.[Method] The complicated and unique ecological environment in Yunnan makes Yunnan Province the largest center of genetic diversity and cultural diversity of rice and human being as well as the cradle of human childhood.[Result] The genetic diversity and cultural diversity of rice and human being is closely related to the ecosystem diversity.Rice civilization in Yunnan can be divided into four types,including the diversity center region of rice civilization in southwestern Yunnan,diffusion region of rice civilization of Hani-Zhuang in southern Yunnan,rice civilization region of water-drought rotation in central Yunnan and poverty region of rice civilization in northern Yunnan.Southwestern Yunnan is not only the center of genetic ecological diversity and rice cultural diversity,but also the center of origin and diversity of crop genetic diversity.It is not only a transitional region among East Asia continent,South Asian sub-continent and Indo-China Peninsula,but also a core integration area of Chinese culture,Indian culture and Mid-south Peninsula culture which all merge with the local culture.[Conclusion] Yunnan is one common sphere where the origin of human evolution is closely related to the origin of rice evolution.展开更多
This paper analyzed the problems of eco-environment along the ancient Yellow River course and, by combining with the planning scheme of ecological projects of the ancient Yellow River course in Shangqiu City, discusse...This paper analyzed the problems of eco-environment along the ancient Yellow River course and, by combining with the planning scheme of ecological projects of the ancient Yellow River course in Shangqiu City, discussed its ecological planning ways in terms of the principles, objectives, methods and contents of the ecological planning and design to promote the regional eco-environment construction of the ancient Yellow River course.展开更多
[Objective] The effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin was researched.[Method] Based on meteorological data from six meteorological stations in Heihe River basin from 1959 to 2...[Objective] The effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin was researched.[Method] Based on meteorological data from six meteorological stations in Heihe River basin from 1959 to 2009,the effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin in recent 51 years was studied by means of statistical method.[Result] Temperature and precipitation in Heihe River basin showed obvious increasing trend in recent 51 years,especially in recent 20 years;climate change made Heihe River basin more and more dry,specially in mountain area;wetland ecological environment closely related to climate responded to climate change,such as groundwater level rise,wetland area decrease,agriculture planting structure change,meteorological disaster increase,destroyed biodiversity and so on.[Conclusion] Our study had important significance for the protection and development of wetland resources.展开更多
The Chinese government’s common prosperity policy has inspired a series of rural development initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities between urban and rural areas.Zhejiang Province was designated as the firs...The Chinese government’s common prosperity policy has inspired a series of rural development initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities between urban and rural areas.Zhejiang Province was designated as the first demonstration zone in China’s pursuit of common prosperity.To explore the demonstration effect of rural development on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas,this study adopts the Theil index to measure urban-rural income disparity levels and explores spatial evolution patterns of the income disparity in 52 counties of Zhejiang Province,China from 2011 to 2020.The spatial Durbin model is also used to investigate the impact of rural development on the urban-rural income disparity.The results show that:1)Urban-rural income disparities have gradually narrowed.Moreover,income disparities across the province are spatially clustered from north to south.Narrowing the gap between mountainous and non-mountainous counties is imperative for resolving these spatial imbalances in the short term.2)Rural development reduces urban-rural income disparity levels and generates economic and technological spillover effects,as evidenced by the phenomenon where development in one county leads to reduced income disparities in neighboring counties.3)The technological innovation enhances the co-development of rural industries through technological diffusion effects,further strengthening rural development.Finally,enhancing the ecological environment synergizes with rural development to reduce urban-rural income disparities.The research results provide policy implications for narrowing the urban-rural income disparity and promoting common prosperity.展开更多
The design and applications of a land information system built upon ARC/INFO and ArcView are presented. The proposed system not only maintains all the advantages of the more conventional implementations but also enhan...The design and applications of a land information system built upon ARC/INFO and ArcView are presented. The proposed system not only maintains all the advantages of the more conventional implementations but also enhances them in the following ways: 1) the application program interfaces (API) are used to transmit data and messages among different parts of the system; 2) the integrated system can support studies on land evaluations and ecological analyses by efficient management of attribute and spatial data and 3) correspondingly, spatial records and attributive records are linked by the same identifiers (ID). A case study application in Zigui County of the Three Gorges Area in China demonstrates that the system could employ land-use maps and land property data to predicate and analyze the land utilization changes in the past, present and future. The ecological environment analysis can be carried out with the data of land, economics and terrain map used, showing that the system can be widely applied, especially to survey land and environment resources in the countryside area.展开更多
Long-term monitoring of the ecological environment changes is helpful for the protection of the ecological environment.Based on the ecological environment of the Sahel region in Africa,we established a remote sensing ...Long-term monitoring of the ecological environment changes is helpful for the protection of the ecological environment.Based on the ecological environment of the Sahel region in Africa,we established a remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)model for this region by combining dryness,moisture,greenness,and desertification indicators.Using the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)data in Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform,this study analyzed the ecological environment quality of the Sahel region during the period of 2001-2020.We used liner regression and fluctuation analysis methods to study the trend and fluctuation of RSEI,and utilized the stepwise regression approach to analyze the contribution of each indicator to the RSEI.Further,the correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between RSEI and precipitation,and Hurst index was applied to evaluate the change trend of RSEI in the future.The results show that RSEI of the Sahel region exhibited spatial heterogeneity.Specifically,it exhibited a decrease in gradient from south to north of the Sahel region.Moreover,RSEI in parts of the Sahel region presented non-zonal features.Different land-cover types demonstrated different RSEI values and changing trends.We found that RSEI and precipitation were positively correlated,suggesting that precipitation is the controlling factor of RSEI.The areas where RSEI values presented an increasing trend were slightly less than the areas where RSEI values presented a decreasing trend.In the Sahel region,the areas with the ecological environment characterized by continuous deterioration and continuous improvement accounted for 44.02%and 28.29%of the total study area,respectively,and the areas in which the ecological environment was changing from improvement to deterioration and from deterioration to improvement accounted for 12.42%and 15.26%of the whole area,respectively.In the face of the current ecological environment and future change trends of RSEI in the Sahel region,the research results provide a reference for the construction of the"Green Great Wall"(GGW)ecological environment project in Africa.展开更多
When viewed against the backdrop of globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),Central Asia has ushered in new development opportunities.However,problems of ecological environment as a consequence of urbaniza...When viewed against the backdrop of globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),Central Asia has ushered in new development opportunities.However,problems of ecological environment as a consequence of urbanization have begun to act as a constraint on the economic development of the region,the coupling coordination degree between the urbanization and ecological environment in Kazakhstan was analyzed by the coupling coordination degree model.The main controlling factors affecting its development were explored using a geographical detector.Several main conclusions can be drawn.(1)Kazakhstan's urbanization level,ecological environment level,and the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and ecological environment are all on the rise.(2)In terms of the comprehensive urbanization index,the western and eastern states have higher values than the southern and northern states.The spatial distribution pattern of the ecological environment index revealed high values in the eastern and western regions and low values in the central region.(3)The coupling coordination degree among the states of Kazakhstan is mostly at a low-moderate level.The spatial distribution shows that the coordination level of the east,middle,and west of the country is higher than that of south and north.(4)Indicators such as GDP per capita,social fixed asset investment per capita,employment in industry and services(% of total employment),and the number of college students per 10,000 people are important urbanization factors that affect the coupling coordination degree of urbanization and ecological environment.Indicators of farmland areas per capita,availability of water resources per capita,ecological land per capita and forest coverage in the ecological environment subsystem are important ecological environmental factors that affect the degree of coordination between urbanization and ecological environment in Kazakhstan.The interaction of the main elements in the two subsystems has a strong synergy.展开更多
During the rapid industrialization and urbanization of China,urban agglomeration in river basin areas raises the problems of over-use of water resources and pollution of the water environment.Related research in China...During the rapid industrialization and urbanization of China,urban agglomeration in river basin areas raises the problems of over-use of water resources and pollution of the water environment.Related research in China has mainly focused on the conflicts among economic growth,urban expansion and water resource shortages within admin-istrative boundaries.However,water environments are much more dependent on their physical boundaries than their administrative boundaries.Consistent with the nature of water environment,this study aims at analyzing coordination relationships between urban development and water environment changes within physical river basin boundaries.We chose the Shayinghe River Basin,China,as our case study area which is facing serious challenges related to water en-vironment protection.Then we classified 35 county-level administrative units into upstream,midstream and down-stream regions based on their physical characteristics;analyzed the coordination degree of urban agglomeration using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method;and constructed cooperative models using the Linear Programming (LP function) to simulate four scenarios of the coordination relationship be-tween urban population increase and water environment protection based on existing water resources and water pollu-tion data.The results show that the present coordinative situation in Shayinghe River Basin is not sustainable.In gen-eral,more than 50% administrative units are in the bad coordinative situation.In particular,the downstream region is under worse condition than the upstream and midstream regions.Cooperative models in scenario analyses indicate that the population scale set in existing urban master plannings is not coordinated with the water environment protection.To reach the goal of regional sustainable development,the total population needs to be controlled such that it will re-main at 4.5×10 7 or below by 2020 given the capacity of water environment.展开更多
The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in th...The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in the Luanhe River Delta in recent years has caused the continuous drop of groundwater level and serious environmental and geological problems.This study systematically analyzes the evolution characteristics of the population,economy,and groundwater exploitation in the Luanhe River Delta and summarizes the change patterns of the groundwater flow regime in different aquifers in the Luanhe River Delta according to previous water resource assessment data as well as the latest groundwater survey results.Through comparison of major source/sink terms and groundwater resources,the study reveals the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources and ecological environment in the study area over the past 30 years from 1990 to 2020.The results are as follows.The average annual drop rate of shallow groundwater and the deep groundwater in the centers of depression cones is 0.4 m and 1.64 m,respectively in the Luanhe River Delta in the past 30 years.The depression cones of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area cover an area of 545.32 km^(2)and 548.79 km^(2),respectively,accounting for more than 10%of the total area of the Luanhe River Delta.Overexploitation of groundwater has further aggravated land subsidence.As a result,two large-scale subsidence centers have formed,with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 120 mm/a.The drop of groundwater level has induced some ecological problems in the Luanhe River Delta area,such as the zero flow and water quality deterioration of rivers and continuous shrinkage of natural wetlands and water.Meanwhile,the proportion of natural wetland area to the total wetland area has been decreased from 99%to 8%and the water area from 1776 km^(2)to 263 km^(2).These results will provide data for groundwater overexploitation control,land subsidence prevention,and ecological restoration in plains and provide services for water resources management and national land space planning.展开更多
The Badain Jaran Desert is the third largest desert in China,covering an area of 50000 km2.It lies in Northwest China,where the arid and rainless natural environment has a great impact on the climate,environment,and h...The Badain Jaran Desert is the third largest desert in China,covering an area of 50000 km2.It lies in Northwest China,where the arid and rainless natural environment has a great impact on the climate,environment,and human living conditions.Based on the results of 1∶250000 regional hydrogeological surveys and previous researches,this study systematically investigates the circulation characteristics and resource properties of the groundwater as well as the evolution of the climate and ecological environment since the Quaternary in the Badain Jaran Desert by means of geophysical exploration,hydrogeological drilling,hydrogeochemistry,and isotopic tracing.The results are as follows.(1)The groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert is mainly recharged through the infiltration of local precipitation and has poor renewability.The groundwater recharge in the desert was calculated to be 1.8684×10^(8)m^(3)/a using the water balance method.(2)The Badain Jaran Desert has experienced four humid stages since the Quaternary,namely MIS 13-15,MIS 5,MIS 3,and the Early‒Middle Holocene,but the climate in the desert has shown a trend towards aridity overall.The average annual temperature in the Badain Jaran Desert has significantly increased in the past 50 years.In detail,it has increased by about 2.5℃,with a higher rate in the south than in the north.Meanwhile,the precipitation amount has shown high spatial variability and the climate has shown a warming-drying trend in the past 50 years.(3)The lakes in the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert continuously shrank during 1973‒2015.However,the vegetation communities maintained a highly natural distribution during 2000‒2016,with the vegetation cover has increased overall.Accordingly,the Badain Jaran Desert did not show any notable expansion in that period.This study deepens the understanding of groundwater circulation and the climate and ecological evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert.It will provide a scientific basis for the rational exploitation of the groundwater resources and the ecological protection and restoration in the Badain Jaran Desert.展开更多
To enclose the interactive relation between the underground mining with suitable protection for surface ecological environments and surface prevention of ecological environments adapting to mining disturbing was resea...To enclose the interactive relation between the underground mining with suitable protection for surface ecological environments and surface prevention of ecological environments adapting to mining disturbing was researched and developed core of this technique. There are three aspects of controlling ecological environments, to dispose and renew before exploitation, to protect surface ecological environments in the exploitative process and to repair and build up after exploitation. Based on the moving law of overburden strata in shallow seam, the surface subsidence law and the growth law of vegetation in subsidence mine area, the integrated controlling technique has been developed synthetically by methods of theoretic analysis, laboratory simulation, numerical calculation, commercial test etc.. It includes the key techniques of aquifer-protective mining, filtering and purging of mine water through goaf, preventing and extinguishing fire in shallow seam no-rock roadway layout and waste disposal in underground, frame-building ecological functional sphere before exploitation, frame-building the ecological cycle using system after mining and so on.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3028018).
文摘Effects of pen fish culture in Taihu lake were studied and summarized. During 1984 to 2001, pen fish culture of Taihu lake developed from extensive models to intensive and high-returned ones, the cultured species were shifted from fishes to crabs. Pen fish culture has caused eutrophication and detrimental effect to the ecological environment and fishery. The measures of sustainable development for pen fish culture and ecological environment protection were suggested.
基金Supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_0102)the China Scholarship Council Program(202406190114)。
文摘Studying the coupling coordination development of new energy vehicles(NEVs)and the ecological environment in China is helpful in promoting the development of NEVs in the country and is of great significance in promoting high-quality development of new energy in China.This paper constructs an evaluation index system for the development of NEVs and the ecological environment.It uses game theory combining weighting model,particle swarm optimized projection tracking evaluation model,coupling coordination degree model,and machine learning algorithms to calculate and analyze the level of coupling coordination development of NEVs and the ecological environment in China from 2010 to 2021,and identifies the driving factors.The research results show that:(i)From 2010 to 2021,the development index of NEVs in China has steadily increased from 0.085 to 0.634,while the ecological environment level index significantly rose from 0.170 to 0.884,reflecting the continuous development of China in both NEVs and the ecological environment.(ii)From 2010 to 2012,the two systems—new energy vehicle(NEV)development and the ecological environment—were in a period of imbalance and decline.From 2013 to 2016,they underwent a transition period,and from 2017 to 2021,they entered a period of coordinated development showing a trend of benign and continuous improvement.By 2021,they reached a good level of coordination.(iii)Indicators such as the number of patents granted for NEVs,water consumption per unit of GDP,and energy consumption per unit of GDP are the main driving factors affecting the coupling coordination development of NEVs and the ecological environment in China.
基金funded by the Fujian Province's Foreign Cooperation Project in 2023(2023I0047)the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project(2023J011432,2024J011195)+3 种基金the Ministry of Education's Supply-demand Docking Employment and Education Project(2024011223947)the Open Project Fund of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing Monitoring of Ecological Environment in Dongting Lake Area(DTH Key Lab.2024-04,2022-04)the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation Guiding Project(2024Y0057)the Fujian Province Social Science Plan Project(FJ2024BF071).
文摘Understanding the ecological evolution is of great significance in addressing the impacts of climate change and human activities.However,the ecological evolution and its drivers remain inadequately explored in arid and semi-arid areas.This study took the Helan Mountain,a typical arid and semi-arid area in China,as the study area.By adopting an Enhanced Remote Sensing Ecological Index(ERSEI)that integrates the habitat quality(HQ)index with the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),we quantified the ecological environment quality of the Helan Mountain during 2010-2022 and analyzed the driving factors behind the changes.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was used to validate the composite ERSEI,enabling the extraction of key features and the reduction of redundant information.The results showed that the contributions of first principal component(PC1)for ERSEI and RSEI were 80.23%and 78.72%,respectively,indicating that the ERSEI can provide higher precision and more details than the RSEI in assessing ecological environment quality.Temporally,the ERSEI in the Helan Mountain exhibited an initial decline followed by an increase from 2010 to 2022,with the average value of ERSEI ranging between 0.298 and 0.346.Spatially,the ERSEI showed a trend of being higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast,with high-quality ecological environments mainly concentrated in the western foothills at higher altitudes.The centroid of ERSEI shifted northeastward toward Helan County from 2010 to 2022.Temperature and digital elevation model(DEM)emerged as the primary drivers of ERSEI changes.This study highlights the necessity of using comprehensive monitoring tools to guide policy-making and conservation strategies,ensuring the resilience of fragile ecosystems in the face of ongoing climatic and anthropogenic pressures.The findings offer valuable insights for the sustainable management and conservation in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.
基金State Key Laboratory of Spatial Datum(No.SKLSD2025-ZZ-17)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A2014)+2 种基金High-Resolution Satellite Project of the State Administration of Science,Technology,and Industry for National Defense of the PRC(No.80Y50G19-9001-22/23)National Science and Technology Platform Construction Project(No.2005DKA32300)Major Research Projects of the Ministry of Education(No.16JJD770019).
文摘Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy,China has undergone a period of rapid development.However,this urban expansion has been accompanied by significant ecological challenges.Therefore,understanding the relationship between urban expansion and ecological sustainability is crucial for future urban planning.This study analyzes land use data to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban agglomeration expansion from 2000 to 2020.Using MODIS satellite data,this study constructs a Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)model to assess ecological quality changes over the past two decades.Additionally,an improved coupling coordination model is applied to examine the interaction between urban expansion and ecological quality and to evaluate the spatiotemporal trends of their coordination.The results indicate that:①From 2000 to 2020,urban expansion in the Henan section of the Yellow River Basin followed a pattern of“growth-growthdecline”.Pattern recognition analysis indicated that both urban agglomerations and individual cities primarily expanded through edge extension and infill development,while enclave-style expansion occurred in only a small portion of the region.②Between 2000 and 2020,the ecological quality of urban agglomerations in the Henan section of the Yellow River Basin showed a slight improvement.RSEI values ranged from 0.4 to 0.7,indicating moderate ecological quality.Ecological quality exhibited a spatial pattern of being higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast.Significant declines in ecological quality were primarily concentrated in urban built-up areas,forming a patch-like distribution.Conversely,notable improvements in ecological quality occurred mainly in the mountainous regions of the southwest and north.③Between 2000 and 2020,the coupling coordination level of urban agglomerations showed an increasing trend.Coupling coordination values ranged from 0.248 to 0.734.Most cities were near an imbalance between urban expansion and ecological quality,while Zhengzhou was the only city to consistently maintain coordinated development over two decades.Spatially,highly imbalanced areas were mainly concentrated in the western and southern Henan sections,particularly in Sanmenxia and Luoyang.Conversely,areas with high coupling coordination were centered around Zhengzhou,showing a radial expansion pattern in recent years.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971268。
文摘Regular quantitative assessments of regional ecological environment quality(EEQ)and driving force analyses are highly important for environmental protection and sustainable development.Northern China is a typical climate-sensitive and ecologically vulnerable area,however,the changes in EEQ in this region and their underlying causes remain unclear.Traditional evaluations of EEQ rely primarily on the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),which lacks assessments of indicators such as greenness(NDVI),humidity(WET),heat(LST),and dryness(NDBSI).To address these issues,this study employs the principal component analysis method and the Google Earth Engine to construct an RSEI suitable for long-term and large-scale applications and analyzes the spatio-temporal variations in the RSEI,NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.Additionally,geographical detectors are utilized to analyze the driving factors affecting EEQ.The results indicate the following.(1)The RSEI shows a fluctuating upward trend,with an average value of 0.4566,indicating a gradual improvement in EEQ.The EEQ exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity,with a pattern of lower values in the west and higher values in the east.(2)The NDVI and WET exhibit fluctuating increasing trends,indicating improvements in both indices.The NDBSI shows a fluctuating decreasing trend,whereas the LST presents a fluctuating increasing trend,suggesting an improvement in the NDBSI and a slight deterioration in the LST.NDVI and WET demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the west and high values in the east.NDBSI and LST demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the east and high values in the west.(3)Land use types and precipitation are the primary driving factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the EEQ.The explanatory power of these driving factors significantly increases under their interactions,particularly the interaction between land use types and other driving factors.This study fills the gap in existing EEQ evaluations that analyze only the RSEI without considering the NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.The findings provide new insights for EEQ assessments and serve as a scientific reference for environmental protection and sustainable development.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42371191)Science and Technology Planning of NIGLAS(No.NIGLAS2022GS06,2022NIGLAS-CJH04)。
文摘Slope climbing of urban expansion(SCE),as a form of urbanization,has increasingly significant impacts on urban development.Unsustainable slope climbing of urban expansion can harm the natural environment,thereby affecting human production and living conditions.Using a coupled coordination model and the geographically weighted regression(GTWR)model,leveraging night light remote sensing data and ecological environment quality index model,this study investigated the coupling relationship between urban expansion and ecological environment quality and its influencing factors in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China from 2000 to 2020.The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020,the intensity of urban slope climbing in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a fluctuating upward trend,with the slope climbing intensity being most significant in Chongqing Municipality and Kunming of Yunnan Province.Overall,the ecological environment quality exhibited an upward trend,with over 80%of the study area maintaining stable or improved ecological quality.There is a certain spatial correspondence between ecological environment quality and urban slope climbing.Although these two aspects of development demonstrate a high degree of coordination,fluctuations still occur during the development process.Further research on the coupling coordination relationship between the two revealed that population density has a negative impact on coupling coordination in the eastern region,and technology expenditure in eastern coastal cities has shown a negative trend over time.To ensure the continued increase in the proportion of highly coordinated areas in the future,eastern coastal cities in the study region could prioritize ecological civilization construction,strengthen urban construction and development planning,adjust influencing factors,and ensure the coordinated development of urban growth with ecological environment quality.
基金General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01A275)Project of Inner Mongolia M-Grass Ecology and Environment(Group)Co.,Ltd.(2022-NFGA-004).
文摘[Objectives] To analyze the dynamic changes of maximum vegetation coverage in Ili River Basin from 2006 to 2020,and to explore the vegetation change and its influencing factors in the forest-grassland ecotone of Ili region.[Methods] The pixel dichotomy model was used to process the MODIS data and analyze the change of vegetation coverage in the Ili River Basin from 2006 to 2020.[Results] (i)The vegetation coverage in the Ili River Basin increases gradually from west to east,and fluctuates greatly between years.(ii)By monitoring the change rate of the maximum vegetation coverage,it is found that the vegetation coverage of the basin has experienced a process of first decline and then recovery in the past 15 years.(iii)In spatial distribution,vegetation coverage has improved in some regions,while it has deteriorated in others,which may be related to regional climate change and human activities.[Conclusions] The vegetation coverage in the Ili River Basin showed significant spatial and temporal differences during the study period,and its changes were affected by both natural and human factors.
文摘The monitoring,prediction and assessment of status about climate changes and ecological environment at home and abroad were discussed in this study,and the scientific significance and countermeasures for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to cope with these problems were also put forward.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31060186)Exploitue of Emphases New Production from Yunnan Provincial Scientific and Technology Department(2010BB001)Project for Innovative Pilot Enterprises from Science and Technology Bureau of Kunming City(Kunkejizi10N060204)~~
文摘[Objective] This paper aims to confirm that Yunnan is one origin center of rice and human in the world.[Method] The complicated and unique ecological environment in Yunnan makes Yunnan Province the largest center of genetic diversity and cultural diversity of rice and human being as well as the cradle of human childhood.[Result] The genetic diversity and cultural diversity of rice and human being is closely related to the ecosystem diversity.Rice civilization in Yunnan can be divided into four types,including the diversity center region of rice civilization in southwestern Yunnan,diffusion region of rice civilization of Hani-Zhuang in southern Yunnan,rice civilization region of water-drought rotation in central Yunnan and poverty region of rice civilization in northern Yunnan.Southwestern Yunnan is not only the center of genetic ecological diversity and rice cultural diversity,but also the center of origin and diversity of crop genetic diversity.It is not only a transitional region among East Asia continent,South Asian sub-continent and Indo-China Peninsula,but also a core integration area of Chinese culture,Indian culture and Mid-south Peninsula culture which all merge with the local culture.[Conclusion] Yunnan is one common sphere where the origin of human evolution is closely related to the origin of rice evolution.
文摘This paper analyzed the problems of eco-environment along the ancient Yellow River course and, by combining with the planning scheme of ecological projects of the ancient Yellow River course in Shangqiu City, discussed its ecological planning ways in terms of the principles, objectives, methods and contents of the ecological planning and design to promote the regional eco-environment construction of the ancient Yellow River course.
文摘[Objective] The effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin was researched.[Method] Based on meteorological data from six meteorological stations in Heihe River basin from 1959 to 2009,the effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin in recent 51 years was studied by means of statistical method.[Result] Temperature and precipitation in Heihe River basin showed obvious increasing trend in recent 51 years,especially in recent 20 years;climate change made Heihe River basin more and more dry,specially in mountain area;wetland ecological environment closely related to climate responded to climate change,such as groundwater level rise,wetland area decrease,agriculture planting structure change,meteorological disaster increase,destroyed biodiversity and so on.[Conclusion] Our study had important significance for the protection and development of wetland resources.
基金Under the auspices of Project of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(No.23YJC790127)Major projects of the National Social Science Fund(No.18ZDA045)。
文摘The Chinese government’s common prosperity policy has inspired a series of rural development initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities between urban and rural areas.Zhejiang Province was designated as the first demonstration zone in China’s pursuit of common prosperity.To explore the demonstration effect of rural development on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas,this study adopts the Theil index to measure urban-rural income disparity levels and explores spatial evolution patterns of the income disparity in 52 counties of Zhejiang Province,China from 2011 to 2020.The spatial Durbin model is also used to investigate the impact of rural development on the urban-rural income disparity.The results show that:1)Urban-rural income disparities have gradually narrowed.Moreover,income disparities across the province are spatially clustered from north to south.Narrowing the gap between mountainous and non-mountainous counties is imperative for resolving these spatial imbalances in the short term.2)Rural development reduces urban-rural income disparity levels and generates economic and technological spillover effects,as evidenced by the phenomenon where development in one county leads to reduced income disparities in neighboring counties.3)The technological innovation enhances the co-development of rural industries through technological diffusion effects,further strengthening rural development.Finally,enhancing the ecological environment synergizes with rural development to reduce urban-rural income disparities.The research results provide policy implications for narrowing the urban-rural income disparity and promoting common prosperity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49801010) the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZ951-A1-202-02-01).
文摘The design and applications of a land information system built upon ARC/INFO and ArcView are presented. The proposed system not only maintains all the advantages of the more conventional implementations but also enhances them in the following ways: 1) the application program interfaces (API) are used to transmit data and messages among different parts of the system; 2) the integrated system can support studies on land evaluations and ecological analyses by efficient management of attribute and spatial data and 3) correspondingly, spatial records and attributive records are linked by the same identifiers (ID). A case study application in Zigui County of the Three Gorges Area in China demonstrates that the system could employ land-use maps and land property data to predicate and analyze the land utilization changes in the past, present and future. The ecological environment analysis can be carried out with the data of land, economics and terrain map used, showing that the system can be widely applied, especially to survey land and environment resources in the countryside area.
基金This research was financially supported by the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Science(2017-XBQNXZ-B-018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41861144020)the National Key Research and Development Program of China-Joint Research on Technology to Combat Desertification for African Countries of the“Great Green Wall”(2018YFE0106000).
文摘Long-term monitoring of the ecological environment changes is helpful for the protection of the ecological environment.Based on the ecological environment of the Sahel region in Africa,we established a remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)model for this region by combining dryness,moisture,greenness,and desertification indicators.Using the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)data in Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform,this study analyzed the ecological environment quality of the Sahel region during the period of 2001-2020.We used liner regression and fluctuation analysis methods to study the trend and fluctuation of RSEI,and utilized the stepwise regression approach to analyze the contribution of each indicator to the RSEI.Further,the correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between RSEI and precipitation,and Hurst index was applied to evaluate the change trend of RSEI in the future.The results show that RSEI of the Sahel region exhibited spatial heterogeneity.Specifically,it exhibited a decrease in gradient from south to north of the Sahel region.Moreover,RSEI in parts of the Sahel region presented non-zonal features.Different land-cover types demonstrated different RSEI values and changing trends.We found that RSEI and precipitation were positively correlated,suggesting that precipitation is the controlling factor of RSEI.The areas where RSEI values presented an increasing trend were slightly less than the areas where RSEI values presented a decreasing trend.In the Sahel region,the areas with the ecological environment characterized by continuous deterioration and continuous improvement accounted for 44.02%and 28.29%of the total study area,respectively,and the areas in which the ecological environment was changing from improvement to deterioration and from deterioration to improvement accounted for 12.42%and 15.26%of the whole area,respectively.In the face of the current ecological environment and future change trends of RSEI in the Sahel region,the research results provide a reference for the construction of the"Green Great Wall"(GGW)ecological environment project in Africa.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS,Pan-Third Pole Environment Study for a Green Silk Road,No.XDA20040402。
文摘When viewed against the backdrop of globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),Central Asia has ushered in new development opportunities.However,problems of ecological environment as a consequence of urbanization have begun to act as a constraint on the economic development of the region,the coupling coordination degree between the urbanization and ecological environment in Kazakhstan was analyzed by the coupling coordination degree model.The main controlling factors affecting its development were explored using a geographical detector.Several main conclusions can be drawn.(1)Kazakhstan's urbanization level,ecological environment level,and the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and ecological environment are all on the rise.(2)In terms of the comprehensive urbanization index,the western and eastern states have higher values than the southern and northern states.The spatial distribution pattern of the ecological environment index revealed high values in the eastern and western regions and low values in the central region.(3)The coupling coordination degree among the states of Kazakhstan is mostly at a low-moderate level.The spatial distribution shows that the coordination level of the east,middle,and west of the country is higher than that of south and north.(4)Indicators such as GDP per capita,social fixed asset investment per capita,employment in industry and services(% of total employment),and the number of college students per 10,000 people are important urbanization factors that affect the coupling coordination degree of urbanization and ecological environment.Indicators of farmland areas per capita,availability of water resources per capita,ecological land per capita and forest coverage in the ecological environment subsystem are important ecological environmental factors that affect the degree of coordination between urbanization and ecological environment in Kazakhstan.The interaction of the main elements in the two subsystems has a strong synergy.
基金Under the auspices of National Science and Technology Major Project (No.2009ZX07210)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40871261)
文摘During the rapid industrialization and urbanization of China,urban agglomeration in river basin areas raises the problems of over-use of water resources and pollution of the water environment.Related research in China has mainly focused on the conflicts among economic growth,urban expansion and water resource shortages within admin-istrative boundaries.However,water environments are much more dependent on their physical boundaries than their administrative boundaries.Consistent with the nature of water environment,this study aims at analyzing coordination relationships between urban development and water environment changes within physical river basin boundaries.We chose the Shayinghe River Basin,China,as our case study area which is facing serious challenges related to water en-vironment protection.Then we classified 35 county-level administrative units into upstream,midstream and down-stream regions based on their physical characteristics;analyzed the coordination degree of urban agglomeration using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method;and constructed cooperative models using the Linear Programming (LP function) to simulate four scenarios of the coordination relationship be-tween urban population increase and water environment protection based on existing water resources and water pollu-tion data.The results show that the present coordinative situation in Shayinghe River Basin is not sustainable.In gen-eral,more than 50% administrative units are in the bad coordinative situation.In particular,the downstream region is under worse condition than the upstream and midstream regions.Cooperative models in scenario analyses indicate that the population scale set in existing urban master plannings is not coordinated with the water environment protection.To reach the goal of regional sustainable development,the total population needs to be controlled such that it will re-main at 4.5×10 7 or below by 2020 given the capacity of water environment.
基金This research is jointly funded by the“Project of Hydrogeological survey of Luanhe River Basin”of China Geological Survey(No.DD20190338)General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41972196)+1 种基金Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41907149)China Postdoctoral Foundation(No.2018M631732).
文摘The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in the Luanhe River Delta in recent years has caused the continuous drop of groundwater level and serious environmental and geological problems.This study systematically analyzes the evolution characteristics of the population,economy,and groundwater exploitation in the Luanhe River Delta and summarizes the change patterns of the groundwater flow regime in different aquifers in the Luanhe River Delta according to previous water resource assessment data as well as the latest groundwater survey results.Through comparison of major source/sink terms and groundwater resources,the study reveals the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources and ecological environment in the study area over the past 30 years from 1990 to 2020.The results are as follows.The average annual drop rate of shallow groundwater and the deep groundwater in the centers of depression cones is 0.4 m and 1.64 m,respectively in the Luanhe River Delta in the past 30 years.The depression cones of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area cover an area of 545.32 km^(2)and 548.79 km^(2),respectively,accounting for more than 10%of the total area of the Luanhe River Delta.Overexploitation of groundwater has further aggravated land subsidence.As a result,two large-scale subsidence centers have formed,with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 120 mm/a.The drop of groundwater level has induced some ecological problems in the Luanhe River Delta area,such as the zero flow and water quality deterioration of rivers and continuous shrinkage of natural wetlands and water.Meanwhile,the proportion of natural wetland area to the total wetland area has been decreased from 99%to 8%and the water area from 1776 km^(2)to 263 km^(2).These results will provide data for groundwater overexploitation control,land subsidence prevention,and ecological restoration in plains and provide services for water resources management and national land space planning.
基金This research was funded by projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41702285)the National Geological Survey Project(121201106000150093)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807214)the Fundamental Scientific Research Funds from the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(No.SK202011).
文摘The Badain Jaran Desert is the third largest desert in China,covering an area of 50000 km2.It lies in Northwest China,where the arid and rainless natural environment has a great impact on the climate,environment,and human living conditions.Based on the results of 1∶250000 regional hydrogeological surveys and previous researches,this study systematically investigates the circulation characteristics and resource properties of the groundwater as well as the evolution of the climate and ecological environment since the Quaternary in the Badain Jaran Desert by means of geophysical exploration,hydrogeological drilling,hydrogeochemistry,and isotopic tracing.The results are as follows.(1)The groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert is mainly recharged through the infiltration of local precipitation and has poor renewability.The groundwater recharge in the desert was calculated to be 1.8684×10^(8)m^(3)/a using the water balance method.(2)The Badain Jaran Desert has experienced four humid stages since the Quaternary,namely MIS 13-15,MIS 5,MIS 3,and the Early‒Middle Holocene,but the climate in the desert has shown a trend towards aridity overall.The average annual temperature in the Badain Jaran Desert has significantly increased in the past 50 years.In detail,it has increased by about 2.5℃,with a higher rate in the south than in the north.Meanwhile,the precipitation amount has shown high spatial variability and the climate has shown a warming-drying trend in the past 50 years.(3)The lakes in the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert continuously shrank during 1973‒2015.However,the vegetation communities maintained a highly natural distribution during 2000‒2016,with the vegetation cover has increased overall.Accordingly,the Badain Jaran Desert did not show any notable expansion in that period.This study deepens the understanding of groundwater circulation and the climate and ecological evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert.It will provide a scientific basis for the rational exploitation of the groundwater resources and the ecological protection and restoration in the Badain Jaran Desert.
文摘To enclose the interactive relation between the underground mining with suitable protection for surface ecological environments and surface prevention of ecological environments adapting to mining disturbing was researched and developed core of this technique. There are three aspects of controlling ecological environments, to dispose and renew before exploitation, to protect surface ecological environments in the exploitative process and to repair and build up after exploitation. Based on the moving law of overburden strata in shallow seam, the surface subsidence law and the growth law of vegetation in subsidence mine area, the integrated controlling technique has been developed synthetically by methods of theoretic analysis, laboratory simulation, numerical calculation, commercial test etc.. It includes the key techniques of aquifer-protective mining, filtering and purging of mine water through goaf, preventing and extinguishing fire in shallow seam no-rock roadway layout and waste disposal in underground, frame-building ecological functional sphere before exploitation, frame-building the ecological cycle using system after mining and so on.
