Addressing the widespread issues of internal fragmentation within protected areas and the neglect of surrounding critical habitat networks,this study aims to develop an assessment framework for the precise identificat...Addressing the widespread issues of internal fragmentation within protected areas and the neglect of surrounding critical habitat networks,this study aims to develop an assessment framework for the precise identification and remediation of regional conservation gaps.To this end,we introduce the Framework for Conservation Priority Identification(FCPI).The framework integrates Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA),the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),Circuit Theory,and the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model to formulate a multidimensional conservation priority index.This index facilitates the identification of critical ecological network components and enables the dynamic prioritization of conservation efforts.A case study of Fuzhou City from 2014 to 2020 reveals that despite an overall improvement in regional environmental quality,the functionality of core ecological sources has markedly declined.Between 2014 and 2020,the number of ecological sources grew by 76.9%,yet their total area shrank by 13.9%.Concurrently,the number of ecological corridors rose from 27 to 53,extending their total length by 380.23 km,which indicates an intensifying trend of habitat fragmentation.Furthermore,a significant number of crucial ecological network nodes,particularly within Minhou County,lie explicitly outside the existing protected area system.This confirms the presence of conservation gaps and unveils the spatiotemporal dynamics of shifting conservation priorities.The research validates that the proposed FCPI can effectively diagnose the dynamic deficiencies within conservation systems.It offers scientific decisionsupport for local governments,facilitating a transition from isolated conservation efforts towards systematic and comprehensive ecological network governance.展开更多
Scientifically constructing an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important spatial analysis approach to improve ecological functions in arid areas and achieve sustainable development.However,previous research meth...Scientifically constructing an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important spatial analysis approach to improve ecological functions in arid areas and achieve sustainable development.However,previous research methods ignored the complex trade-offs between ecosystem services in the process of constructing ESP.Taking the mainstream of the Tarim River Basin(MTRB),China as the study area,this study set seven risk scenarios by applying Ordered Weighted Averaging(OWA)model to trade-off the importance of the four ecosystem services adopted by this study(water conservation,carbon storage,habitat quality,and biodiversity conservation),thereby identifying priority protection areas for ecosystem services.And then,this study identified ecological sources by integrating ecosystem service importance with eco-environmental sensitivity.Using circuit theory,the ecological corridors and nodes were extracted to construct the ESP.The results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the four ecosystem services across the study area,primarily driven by hydrological gradients and human activity intensity.The ESP of the MTRB included 34 ecological sources with a total area of 1471.38 km^(2),66 ecological corridors with a length of about 1597.45 km,11 ecological pinch points,and 13 ecological barrier points distributed on the ecological corridors.The spatial differentiation of the ESP was obvious,with the upper and middle reaches of the MTRB having a large number of ecological sources and exhibiting higher clustering of ecological corridors compared with the lower reaches.The upper and middle reaches require ecological protection to sustain the existing ecosystem,while the lower reaches need to carry out ecological restoration measures including desertification control.Overall,this study makes up for the shortcomings of constructing ESP simply by spatial superposition of ecosystem service functions and can effectively improve the robustness and stability of ESP construction.展开更多
Land use/cover change(LUCC)constitutes the spatial and temporal patterns of ecological security,and the construction of ecological networks is an effective way to ensure ecological security.Exploring the spatial and t...Land use/cover change(LUCC)constitutes the spatial and temporal patterns of ecological security,and the construction of ecological networks is an effective way to ensure ecological security.Exploring the spatial and temporal change characteristics of ecological network and analyzing the integrated relationship between LUCC and ecological security are crucial for ensuring regional ecological security.Gansu is one of the provinces with fragile ecological environment in China,and rapid changes in land use patterns in recent decades have threatened ecological security.Therefore,taking Gansu Province as the study area,this study simulated its land use pattern in 2050 using patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model based on the LUCC trend from 2000 to 2020 and integrated the LUCC into morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)to identify ecological sources and extract the ecological corridors to construct ecological network using circuit theory.The results revealed that,according to the prediction results in 2050,the areas of cultivated land,forest land,grassland,water body,construction land,and unused land would be 63,447.52,39,510.80,148,115.18,4605.21,8368.89,and 161,752.40 km^(2),respectively.The number of ecological sources in Gansu Province would increase to 80,with a total area of 99,927.18 km^(2).The number of ecological corridors would increase to 191,with an estimated total length of 6120.66 km.Both ecological sources and ecological corridors showed a sparse distribution in the northwest and dense distribution in the southeast of the province at the spatial scale.The number of ecological pinch points would reach 312 and the total area would expect to increase to 842.84 km^(2),with the most pronounced increase in the Longdong region.Compared with 2020,the number and area of ecological barriers in 2050 would decrease significantly by 63 and 370.71 km^(2),respectively.In general,based on the prediction results,the connectivity of ecological network of Gansu Province would increase in 2050.To achieve the predicted ecological network in 2050,emphasis should be placed on the protection of cultivated land and ecological land,the establishment of ecological sources in desert areas,the reinforcement of the protection for existing ecological sources,and the construction of ecological corridors to enhance the stability of ecological network.This study provides valuable theoretical support and references for the future construction of ecological networks and regional land resource management decision-making.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based ...[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based on the demonstration construction project of the ecological ditch-constructed wetland system in the Hetao Irrigation District,an experimental study was conducted from July to September 2023 to investigate the interception and purification effects of ecological ditches,constructed wetlands,and the combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system on farmland drainage pollutants.Key water quality parameters measured included total nitrogen(TN)concentration and total phosphorus(TP)concentration.[Results]Different treatment modes of ecological ditches and constructed wetlands have a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water bodies.The ecological ditches treated with Astragalus laxmannii,Melilotus officinalis,Medicago sativa,bio-ball substrate,and bio-sheet substrate showed reduction efficiencies for TN and TP of 21.09% and 23.84%,12.06% and 26.67%,20.08% and 34.15%,23.65% and 20.56%,and 19.92% and 25.83%,respectively.The emergent plant area showed reduction efficiencies of 24.28%for TN and 17.89%for TP,while the submerged plant area achieved a reduction efficiency of 10.21%for both TN and TP.Among the different treatment modes,the ecological ditch with M.sativa performed better in TP removal,whereas the bio-ball substrate treatment mode showed higher effectiveness in TN removal.In addition,the emergent plant area exhibited better TP removal performance,while the submerged plant area was more effective in TN removal.The combined system of ecological ditch and constructed wetland achieved removal rates of 37.55% for TN and 11.47% for TP.It effectively facilitates the step-by-step interception and adsorption purification of pollutants,thereby showing significant removal and purification effects on nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants.This contributes to mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution.[Conclusions]The combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system serves dual functions of agricultural drainage and pollutant interception and purification.It reduces the pollution load of farmland drainage on receiving water bodies to some extent and mitigates agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore,it is a relatively suitable technology for managing agricultural non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District.展开更多
Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within...Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within shallow wetland lakes remains limited.This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of ten commonly used antibiotics in the Baiyang Lake,northern China’s largest shallow wetland lake.The results indicated that sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones were the predominant antibiotics in surface water,whereas fluoroquinolones and macrolides were more prevalent in sediment.Fluoroquinolones demonstrated significant potential for bioaccumulation in targeted aquatic organisms,including both animals and plants(Carassius au-ratus and Phragmites australis).The bioaccumulation of antibiotics in Carassius auratus was correlated with their solubility,whereas in Phragmites australis,this was associated with their octanol-water partition coefficients and molecular weights.Ecological risk assessment indicated that most antibiotics posed minimal to low risk levels.However,four antibiotics were exceptions:clarithromycin(12.5%)and sulfamethoxazole(6.25%)presented a high risk in surface water samples,while norfloxacin(25.0%)and ciprofloxacin(25.0%)posed a high risk in sediment samples.Norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria:(1)high con-centrations,(2)frequent detection,(3)capacity for bioaccumulation,and(4)ecological risk levels.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination,bioaccumulation characteristics,and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake,thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution.展开更多
Livestock farming is a critical pillar of Tajikistan’s national economy and livelihood security.However,significant economic challenges in the country have led to the degradation of grassland ecosystems.This degradat...Livestock farming is a critical pillar of Tajikistan’s national economy and livelihood security.However,significant economic challenges in the country have led to the degradation of grassland ecosystems.This degradation has not only reduced the productivity of grassland ecosystems but also severely impacted their ecological functions.A particularly concerning consequence is the threat to biodiversity,as the survival and persistence of endemic,rare,and endangered plant species are at serious risk,thereby diminishing the value of species’genetic resources.Based on the data from multiple sources such as literature reviews,field observations,and national statistics,this study employed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the current status,causes of degradation,and restoration measures for grassland ecosystems in Tajikistan.The results revealed that Tajikistan’s grassland ecosystems support exceptionally high plant species diversity,comprising over 4500 vascular plant species,including nearly 1500 endemic and sub-endemic taxa that constitute a unique genetic reservoir.These ecosystems are experiencing severe degradation,characterized by significantly reduced vegetation cover and declining species richness.Palatable forage species are increasingly being displaced by unpalatable,thorny,and poisonous species.The primary drivers of degradation include excessive grazing pressure,which disrupts plant reproductive cycles and regeneration capacity,habitat fragmentation due to urbanization and infrastructure development,and uncontrolled exploitation of medicinal and edible plants.Climate change,particularly rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns,further exacerbates these anthropogenic pressures.Ecological restoration experiments suggested that both ecosystem productivity and plant species diversity are significantly enhanced by systematic reseeding trials using altitude-adapted native species.These findings underscore the necessity of establishing scientifically grounded approaches for ecological restoration.展开更多
Effective management of mining areas in the Luo River Basin,located in the eastern Qinling Mountains,is vital for the integrated protection and restoration needed to support the high-quality development of the Yellow ...Effective management of mining areas in the Luo River Basin,located in the eastern Qinling Mountains,is vital for the integrated protection and restoration needed to support the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.Using the‘cupball'model,this study analyzes the limiting factors and restoration characteristics across four mining areas and proposes a conceptual model for selecting appropriate restoration approaches.A second conceptual model is then introduced to address regional development needs,incorporating ecological conservation,safety protection,and people's wellbeing.The applicability of the integrated model selection framework is demonstrated through a case study on the south bank of the Qinglongjian River.The results indicate that:(1)The key limiting factors are similar across cases,but the degree of ecological degradation varies.(2)Mildly degraded areas are represented by a shallower and narrower‘cup',where natural recovery is the preferred approach,whereas moderately and severely degraded systems call for assisted regeneration and ecological reconstruction,respectively.(3)When the restoration models determined based on limiting factors and development needs are consistent,the model is directly applicable;if they differ,the option involving less artificial intervention is preferred;(4)Monitoring of the restored mining area on the Qinglongjian River's south bank confirms significant improvements in soil erosion control and vegetation coverage.This study provides a transferable methodology for balancing resource extraction with ecosystem conservation,offering practical insights for other ecologically vulnerable mining regions.展开更多
Typhoons are strong air–sea interactions that significantly affect the physical and biogeochemical processes of the upper ocean. Based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System-Carbon–Silicate–Nitrate Ecosystem coupled...Typhoons are strong air–sea interactions that significantly affect the physical and biogeochemical processes of the upper ocean. Based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System-Carbon–Silicate–Nitrate Ecosystem coupled model, the influence of Typhoon Bolaven(2012) on physical and ecological variables in the East China Sea and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that the typhoon induced intense vertical mixing in the upper ocean,leading to sea surface cooling, increased salinity, nutrient concentrations, and phytoplankton blooms. Conversely, warming,reduced salinity, and decreased nutrient concentrations occurred in the subsurface layer. In the Yangtze River Estuary, the passage of typhoons effectively affected wind and current directions, shaping the dipole distribution patterns of the environmental elements. Diagnostic analysis indicated that tropical cyclone-induced horizontal advection is key in driving changes in both the physical and ecological variables within the estuary region. This study provides novel insights into the physical-ecological coupling processes and driving mechanisms governing oceanic environmental changes during typhoon events, particularly in the waters adjacent to the Yangtze River Estuary.展开更多
Great Lakes Regions(GLRs)in China often confront landscape fragmentation,wetland degradation,and ecological resilience(ER)losses owing to extensive and intensive urbanization.In GLRs,however,the ER responses to urbani...Great Lakes Regions(GLRs)in China often confront landscape fragmentation,wetland degradation,and ecological resilience(ER)losses owing to extensive and intensive urbanization.In GLRs,however,the ER responses to urbanization remain unclear.This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of ER and urbanization in five GLRs in China to analyze the ER dynamic patterns along center−lakeside−periphery gradient.The Spatial Durbin Model(SDM)and Panel Threshold Model(PTM)were combined to reveal the spillover and threshold effects of urbanization in five GLRs.The results indicate that the ER in five GLRs declined with a rate of 21%from 2000 to 2020.There was a clear“center-periphery”contraction trend with low ER areas primarily spreading to human activity-concentrated regions such as lakesides,riversides,and road networks.Driven by economic and land urbanization,the average urbanization level increased from 0.06 to 0.13,where lakesides,riversides,and road networks were key areas undergoing expansion.The urbanization showed a noticeable negative spatial spillover effect on ER.Away from central lakes,the negative impacts on ER exhibited a two-phase decrease with the threshold of 81 km.This study contributes to the understanding of human-environment interactions by examining the ecological resilience response process of GLRs under the impact of urbanization.Based on a multidimensional“center−lakeside−periphery”analytical model,this study provides a strategic framework for ecological construction in GLRs in China,promoting sustainable development and adaptive capacity in vulnerable areas.展开更多
The promotion of rural revitalization within the ecological conservation areas(“ECAs”) requires a careful balance between ecological protection and economic development and should be guided by the principle of ecolo...The promotion of rural revitalization within the ecological conservation areas(“ECAs”) requires a careful balance between ecological protection and economic development and should be guided by the principle of ecological priority. The cultivation of rural “Local Specialty Products”(“LSPs”) under a green-development framework aligns with the functional positioning of these areas, drives the revitalization of rural industries, and constitutes a fundamental strategy for addressing the unique challenges they face. Although ECAs possess inherent advantages in terms of developing LSPs, they are also confronted by multiple constraints. Accordingly, we propose development objectives that emphasize(a) driving rural industrial prosperity,(b) enhancing the appeal of agricultural heritage, and(c) ensuring inclusive prosperity in the farming communities. In selecting pathways for growth, priority should be given to improving the quality of products, fostering distinctiveness of the technologies, nurturing cultural identities, and upholding the principle of common prosperity. From a policy standpoint, the development of rural LSPs should be recognized as a key lever for advancing the comprehensiveness of rural revitalization in the ECAs. We recommend a set of supportive measures—namely, reinforcing the guidance for spatial planning, integrating the consolidation of factor inputs, and ensuring the robustness of organizational guarantees—to facilitate the high-quality development of LSPs in these areas.展开更多
Urban forests are highly multifunctional and provide numerous ecological functions.Plant functional traits individually or jointly influence the ecological multifunctionality of tree species(TS-EMF)and can also modify...Urban forests are highly multifunctional and provide numerous ecological functions.Plant functional traits individually or jointly influence the ecological multifunctionality of tree species(TS-EMF)and can also modify TSEMF in response to environmental changes.However,there has been limited exploration of multitrait combinations for predicting TS-EMF across seasons and of trait thresholds that enhance TS-EMF.Here,for 10 dominant tree species in urban forests of Northeast China,14 traits were measured and four aboveground and three belowground ecological functions assessed in three seasons.Ecological functions and TS-EMF differed significantly throughout the seasons(P<0.05).Synergistic relationships were found between carbon sequestration and oxygen release,between cooling and humidification,and between organic carbon accumulation and nutrient cycling.Notably,aboveground multifunctionality played a leading role in TS-EMF.With seasonal changes,resource allocation shifted toward traits related to resource acquisition rather than conservation to maintain TS-EMF.The combination of traits that predicted TS-EMF varied by type,accounting for up to 66.45%of the variation.TS-EMF was primarily driven by leaf structure in spring and by nutrient accumulation in autumn.Leaf carbon content(LCC)consistently served as a stabilizing factor for predicting TS-EMF across seasons.At 36.5-36.8 mg g^(-1),LCC had its optimal effect on TS-EMF.Other traits in combination that positively influence total TS-EMF include leaf nitrogen content(3.43-3.45 mg g^(-1)),leaf phosphorus content(0.80-0.83 mg g^(-1)),and leaf area(65.86-68.43 cm^(2)).Within these specified trait thresholds,Morus alba and Quercus mongolica were identified as key species.These findings suggest that the trade-off between various ecological functions can be managed by altering plant traits across seasons.This approach could provide a theoretical foundation for enhancing the TS-EMF of urban forests through trait-based management,offering practical guidance for selecting tree species.展开更多
Ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional development.Howe...Ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional development.However,current regional ecological protection efforts have not been effectively integrated into the regional development planning of ecological security pattern.This study systematically assessed the effectiveness of ecological protection projects in Yanchi County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,through the evaluation of landscape ecological quality.Based on the evaluation results of landscape ecological quality,this study used morphological pattern analysis(MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and gravity model together to construct the ecological security pattern of Yanchi County.The findings revealed that from 1990 to 2020,with the implementation of ecological protection projects started from 2000,the landscape stability of Yanchi County first decreased and then increased,and the intensity of landscape disturbance first intensified but then decreased,indicating an improvement in the landscape ecological quality and a significant enhancement of the ecological environment in Yanchi County.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County consisted of 10 ecological sources,10 ecological source points,23 ecological corridors,and 27 ecological nodes.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County exhibited distinct spatial variations,with stronger ecological security observed in the southern part than in northern part of the county.The ecological sources were denser in the southern part than in the northern part of the county,and accordingly,the length of ecological corridors was shorter and denser in the southern than that in the northern part of the county.Based on the spatial distribution of landscape ecological quality and the characteristics of ecological security pattern of Yanchi County in 2020,we suggested Yanchi County to build four zones to optimize the ecological security pattern construction:the Haba Lake ecological conservation zone,the urban ecological planning zone,the ecological environment restoration zone,and the ecological security improvement zone.This study can provide essential guidance for the construction of ecological security pattern in farming-pastoral areas both in China and worldwide.展开更多
State-owned enterprises are key players in building ecological civilization in the new era.Promoting ecological civilization requires not only institutional mechanisms and systems but also the leadership of ecological...State-owned enterprises are key players in building ecological civilization in the new era.Promoting ecological civilization requires not only institutional mechanisms and systems but also the leadership of ecological culture.North China Petrochemical Company is situated in the heart of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,merely 3 km from Xiongan New Area and just over a hundred kilometers from the capital,Beijing.展开更多
Ecological restorations(ERs)have been widely implemented in recent decades to enhance ecosystem stability.However,the extent of their impacts on ecosystem stability and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understoo...Ecological restorations(ERs)have been widely implemented in recent decades to enhance ecosystem stability.However,the extent of their impacts on ecosystem stability and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understood.This study developed a comprehensive framework for ecosystem stability assessment by integrating the temporal stability of ecosystem service(ES)provision,ecological resistance,and ecological resilience.Additionally,ER intensity was quantified using vegetation index trends,while the pathways and magnitudes of key factors driving ecosystem stability were identified by partial least squares structural equation modeling.Using the Jialing River Basin as a case study,our results revealed that forests exhibited the highest ecosystem stability due to their enhanced capacity to maintain temporal stability of ES provision and ecological resilience.However,farmlands demonstrated the strongest ecological resistance,followed by forests and grasslands.ER projects were primarily implemented in northern and southern farmland regions characterized by low ecological resilience.Pathway analysis identified that favorable climates significantly enhanced the temporal stability of ES provision,and rugged topography improved the ecological resistance.However,fragmented landscape patches disrupted stable ES provision by reducing ecological connectivity,and socioeconomic development diminished both resistance and resilience through land-use intensification.Notably,ERs improved ecological resilience,which in turn elevated overall ecosystem stability.Our results indicated that the proposed framework provides a systematic approach for comprehensive ecosystem stability evaluation and offers critical insights for developing region-specific ER strategies.展开更多
Increasing human disturbance and climate change have threatened ecological connectivity and structural stability,especially in semi-arid mountain areas with sparse vegetation and weak hydrological regulation.Large-sca...Increasing human disturbance and climate change have threatened ecological connectivity and structural stability,especially in semi-arid mountain areas with sparse vegetation and weak hydrological regulation.Large-scale ecological restoration,such as adding ecological sources or corridors,is difficult in such environments and often faces poor operability and high implementation costs in practice.Taking the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains in China as the study area and 2020 as the baseline,this study integrated weighted complex network theory into the"ecological source–resistance surface–corridor"framework to construct a heterogeneous ecological network(EN).Circuit theory was integrated with weighted betweenness to identify critical barrier points for locally differentiated restoration,followed by assessment of the network optimization effects.The results revealed that 494 ecological sources and 1308 ecological corridors were identified in the study area.Fifty-one barrier points with restoration potential were identified along key ecological corridors and locally restored.After optimization,the network gained 11 additional ecological corridors,and the total ecological corridor length increased by approximately 1143 km.Under simulated attacks,the decline rates of maximum connected subgraph(MCS)and network efficiency(Ne)slowed compared with pre-restoration conditions,indicating improved robustness.These findings demonstrate that targeted local restoration can enhance network connectivity and stability while minimizing disturbance to the overall landscape pattern,providing a practical pathway for ecological restoration and sustainable management in semi-arid mountain areas.展开更多
Enhancing urban ecological resilience(UER)is a new concept for modern tourism-oriented cities to cope with environmental crises.Revealing the impact of the urbanization on UER is critical to the sustainability of urba...Enhancing urban ecological resilience(UER)is a new concept for modern tourism-oriented cities to cope with environmental crises.Revealing the impact of the urbanization on UER is critical to the sustainability of urban ecosystems.Taking Zhangjiajie,a typical tourism-oriented city,as an example,urbanization level(UL)and UER evaluation system were constructed,and the change trend was analyzed.The Granger Causality Test model was used to discuss the relationship between UL and UER.The results showed that:(1)the urbanization rate of Zhangjiajie significantly increased by 0.531 from 2011 to 2020.Cili county has the highest UL,and Wulingyuan district including a large number of scenic spots has the fastest development trend.(2)The ecological restoration was more sensitive in the face of rising pressure,and showed a synchronized change trend with pressure.The high pressure in 2016 had the most significant impact on resistance.This effect continued into 2019,with an average decline in resistance of 0.802.(3)The UL has significantly promoted the improvement of urban ecological restoration.Specially,tourism urbanization was the most significant in scenic spots,while economic and social urbanization played a major role in other regions for the improvement of ecological restoration.展开更多
In the context of rapid urbanization,high-density construction areas face significant challenges,including the reduction of ecological spaces and the deterioration of their functions.Planning and managing ecological s...In the context of rapid urbanization,high-density construction areas face significant challenges,including the reduction of ecological spaces and the deterioration of their functions.Planning and managing ecological spaces have emerged as essential strategies to address the conflict between urban development and ecological conservation.Using Jinjiang City,Fujian Province as the case study,this paper systematically examines the significance and primary challenges of ecological space planning in highdensity construction areas.It also identifies prevailing issues within the current research domain,including“an overemphasis on top-level design at the expense of implementation,a focus on isolated aspects rather than systemic integration,and prioritization of control over coordination”.This study proposes the key aspects of ecological space planning and management in high-density construction areas,focusing on three fundamental dimensions:human-centered demand orientation,the integration of top-down and bottomup linkage mechanisms,and a differentiated control system.Drawing on the full-element assessment of the ecosystem,ecological network construction,and full-process control system implemented in Jinjiang City,an integrated approach to ecological space governance,encompassing assessment,planning,and control,has been developed.This approach offers both theoretical insights and practical guidance for optimizing ecological spaces in comparable urban contexts.展开更多
The Loess Plateau(LP),one of the most ecologically fragile regions in China,is affected by severe soil erosion and environmental degradation.Despite large-scale ecological restoration efforts made by Chinese governmen...The Loess Plateau(LP),one of the most ecologically fragile regions in China,is affected by severe soil erosion and environmental degradation.Despite large-scale ecological restoration efforts made by Chinese government in recent years,the region continues to face significant ecological challenges due to the combined impact of climate change and human activities.In this context,we developed a kernal Remote Sensing Ecological Index(kRSEI)using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)products on the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns and trends in ecological environmental quality(EEQ)across the LP from 2000 to 2022 and project future trajectories.Then,we applied partial correlation analysis and multivariate regression residual analysis to further quantify the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to EEQ.During the study period,the kRSEI values exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity,with a stepwise degradation pattern in the southeast to northwest across the LP.The maximum(0.51)and minimum(0.46)values of the kRSEI were observed in 2007 and 2021,respectively.Trend analyses revealed a decline in EEQ across the LP.Hurst exponent analysis predicted a trend of weak anti-persistent development in most of the plateau areas in the future.A positive correlation was identified between kRSEI and precipitation,particularly in the central and western regions;although,improvements were limited by a precipitation threshold of 837.66 mm/a.A moderate increase in temperature was shown to potentially benefit the ecological environment within a certain range;however,temperature of-1.00°C-7.95°C often had a negative impact on the ecosystem.Climate change and human activities jointly influenced 65.78%of LP area on EEQ,primarily having a negative impact.In terms of contribution,human activities played a dominant role in driving changes in EEQ across the plateau.These findings provide crucial insights for accurately assessing the ecological state of the LP and suggest the design of future restoration strategies.展开更多
Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn (C. thalictroides), a fern from the Pteridaceae family, isan edible species that remains largely underutilized, even though it possesses a diverserange of applications. This revi...Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn (C. thalictroides), a fern from the Pteridaceae family, isan edible species that remains largely underutilized, even though it possesses a diverserange of applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of itsgeographical distribution, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemical constituents,pharmacological activities, and ecological importance. Various phytochemical analysesidentified the presence of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and fatty acids from C.thalictroides, responsible for its multiple pharmacological properties, including antioxidant,antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anticancer activities. Additionally, itsunique antheridiogen activity makes it a valuable model organism for plant genetics andreproductive studies. This review systematically summarizes the phytopharmacologicalpotential and ecological significance of C. thalictroides. The plant holds promise as a sourceof novel therapeutics and as a sustainable bioresource for pharmaceutical andenvironmental applications.展开更多
Regular quantitative assessments of regional ecological environment quality(EEQ)and driving force analyses are highly important for environmental protection and sustainable development.Northern China is a typical clim...Regular quantitative assessments of regional ecological environment quality(EEQ)and driving force analyses are highly important for environmental protection and sustainable development.Northern China is a typical climate-sensitive and ecologically vulnerable area,however,the changes in EEQ in this region and their underlying causes remain unclear.Traditional evaluations of EEQ rely primarily on the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),which lacks assessments of indicators such as greenness(NDVI),humidity(WET),heat(LST),and dryness(NDBSI).To address these issues,this study employs the principal component analysis method and the Google Earth Engine to construct an RSEI suitable for long-term and large-scale applications and analyzes the spatio-temporal variations in the RSEI,NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.Additionally,geographical detectors are utilized to analyze the driving factors affecting EEQ.The results indicate the following.(1)The RSEI shows a fluctuating upward trend,with an average value of 0.4566,indicating a gradual improvement in EEQ.The EEQ exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity,with a pattern of lower values in the west and higher values in the east.(2)The NDVI and WET exhibit fluctuating increasing trends,indicating improvements in both indices.The NDBSI shows a fluctuating decreasing trend,whereas the LST presents a fluctuating increasing trend,suggesting an improvement in the NDBSI and a slight deterioration in the LST.NDVI and WET demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the west and high values in the east.NDBSI and LST demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the east and high values in the west.(3)Land use types and precipitation are the primary driving factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the EEQ.The explanatory power of these driving factors significantly increases under their interactions,particularly the interaction between land use types and other driving factors.This study fills the gap in existing EEQ evaluations that analyze only the RSEI without considering the NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.The findings provide new insights for EEQ assessments and serve as a scientific reference for environmental protection and sustainable development.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J01434)the Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(KFb22028XA)。
文摘Addressing the widespread issues of internal fragmentation within protected areas and the neglect of surrounding critical habitat networks,this study aims to develop an assessment framework for the precise identification and remediation of regional conservation gaps.To this end,we introduce the Framework for Conservation Priority Identification(FCPI).The framework integrates Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA),the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),Circuit Theory,and the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model to formulate a multidimensional conservation priority index.This index facilitates the identification of critical ecological network components and enables the dynamic prioritization of conservation efforts.A case study of Fuzhou City from 2014 to 2020 reveals that despite an overall improvement in regional environmental quality,the functionality of core ecological sources has markedly declined.Between 2014 and 2020,the number of ecological sources grew by 76.9%,yet their total area shrank by 13.9%.Concurrently,the number of ecological corridors rose from 27 to 53,extending their total length by 380.23 km,which indicates an intensifying trend of habitat fragmentation.Furthermore,a significant number of crucial ecological network nodes,particularly within Minhou County,lie explicitly outside the existing protected area system.This confirms the presence of conservation gaps and unveils the spatiotemporal dynamics of shifting conservation priorities.The research validates that the proposed FCPI can effectively diagnose the dynamic deficiencies within conservation systems.It offers scientific decisionsupport for local governments,facilitating a transition from isolated conservation efforts towards systematic and comprehensive ecological network governance.
基金funded by the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Tianshan Talent Training Program(2023TSYCLJ0047)the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023D01D18)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Xinjiang(2022B03024-1)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2022DB023)。
文摘Scientifically constructing an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important spatial analysis approach to improve ecological functions in arid areas and achieve sustainable development.However,previous research methods ignored the complex trade-offs between ecosystem services in the process of constructing ESP.Taking the mainstream of the Tarim River Basin(MTRB),China as the study area,this study set seven risk scenarios by applying Ordered Weighted Averaging(OWA)model to trade-off the importance of the four ecosystem services adopted by this study(water conservation,carbon storage,habitat quality,and biodiversity conservation),thereby identifying priority protection areas for ecosystem services.And then,this study identified ecological sources by integrating ecosystem service importance with eco-environmental sensitivity.Using circuit theory,the ecological corridors and nodes were extracted to construct the ESP.The results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the four ecosystem services across the study area,primarily driven by hydrological gradients and human activity intensity.The ESP of the MTRB included 34 ecological sources with a total area of 1471.38 km^(2),66 ecological corridors with a length of about 1597.45 km,11 ecological pinch points,and 13 ecological barrier points distributed on the ecological corridors.The spatial differentiation of the ESP was obvious,with the upper and middle reaches of the MTRB having a large number of ecological sources and exhibiting higher clustering of ecological corridors compared with the lower reaches.The upper and middle reaches require ecological protection to sustain the existing ecosystem,while the lower reaches need to carry out ecological restoration measures including desertification control.Overall,this study makes up for the shortcomings of constructing ESP simply by spatial superposition of ecosystem service functions and can effectively improve the robustness and stability of ESP construction.
基金supported by the Science Fund for the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project(22JR5RA339).
文摘Land use/cover change(LUCC)constitutes the spatial and temporal patterns of ecological security,and the construction of ecological networks is an effective way to ensure ecological security.Exploring the spatial and temporal change characteristics of ecological network and analyzing the integrated relationship between LUCC and ecological security are crucial for ensuring regional ecological security.Gansu is one of the provinces with fragile ecological environment in China,and rapid changes in land use patterns in recent decades have threatened ecological security.Therefore,taking Gansu Province as the study area,this study simulated its land use pattern in 2050 using patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model based on the LUCC trend from 2000 to 2020 and integrated the LUCC into morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)to identify ecological sources and extract the ecological corridors to construct ecological network using circuit theory.The results revealed that,according to the prediction results in 2050,the areas of cultivated land,forest land,grassland,water body,construction land,and unused land would be 63,447.52,39,510.80,148,115.18,4605.21,8368.89,and 161,752.40 km^(2),respectively.The number of ecological sources in Gansu Province would increase to 80,with a total area of 99,927.18 km^(2).The number of ecological corridors would increase to 191,with an estimated total length of 6120.66 km.Both ecological sources and ecological corridors showed a sparse distribution in the northwest and dense distribution in the southeast of the province at the spatial scale.The number of ecological pinch points would reach 312 and the total area would expect to increase to 842.84 km^(2),with the most pronounced increase in the Longdong region.Compared with 2020,the number and area of ecological barriers in 2050 would decrease significantly by 63 and 370.71 km^(2),respectively.In general,based on the prediction results,the connectivity of ecological network of Gansu Province would increase in 2050.To achieve the predicted ecological network in 2050,emphasis should be placed on the protection of cultivated land and ecological land,the establishment of ecological sources in desert areas,the reinforcement of the protection for existing ecological sources,and the construction of ecological corridors to enhance the stability of ecological network.This study provides valuable theoretical support and references for the future construction of ecological networks and regional land resource management decision-making.
基金Supported by Special Fund Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021CG0013)Bayannur City Science and Technology Plan Project(K202014)+1 种基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Plan Project(2022YFHH0088)Research Special Project of the Education Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(STAQZX202320).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based on the demonstration construction project of the ecological ditch-constructed wetland system in the Hetao Irrigation District,an experimental study was conducted from July to September 2023 to investigate the interception and purification effects of ecological ditches,constructed wetlands,and the combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system on farmland drainage pollutants.Key water quality parameters measured included total nitrogen(TN)concentration and total phosphorus(TP)concentration.[Results]Different treatment modes of ecological ditches and constructed wetlands have a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water bodies.The ecological ditches treated with Astragalus laxmannii,Melilotus officinalis,Medicago sativa,bio-ball substrate,and bio-sheet substrate showed reduction efficiencies for TN and TP of 21.09% and 23.84%,12.06% and 26.67%,20.08% and 34.15%,23.65% and 20.56%,and 19.92% and 25.83%,respectively.The emergent plant area showed reduction efficiencies of 24.28%for TN and 17.89%for TP,while the submerged plant area achieved a reduction efficiency of 10.21%for both TN and TP.Among the different treatment modes,the ecological ditch with M.sativa performed better in TP removal,whereas the bio-ball substrate treatment mode showed higher effectiveness in TN removal.In addition,the emergent plant area exhibited better TP removal performance,while the submerged plant area was more effective in TN removal.The combined system of ecological ditch and constructed wetland achieved removal rates of 37.55% for TN and 11.47% for TP.It effectively facilitates the step-by-step interception and adsorption purification of pollutants,thereby showing significant removal and purification effects on nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants.This contributes to mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution.[Conclusions]The combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system serves dual functions of agricultural drainage and pollutant interception and purification.It reduces the pollution load of farmland drainage on receiving water bodies to some extent and mitigates agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore,it is a relatively suitable technology for managing agricultural non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District.
基金supported by Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.JZX2023018)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.C2022201042)the 100 Foreign Experts Plans of Hebei Province(No.606080123001).
文摘Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within shallow wetland lakes remains limited.This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of ten commonly used antibiotics in the Baiyang Lake,northern China’s largest shallow wetland lake.The results indicated that sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones were the predominant antibiotics in surface water,whereas fluoroquinolones and macrolides were more prevalent in sediment.Fluoroquinolones demonstrated significant potential for bioaccumulation in targeted aquatic organisms,including both animals and plants(Carassius au-ratus and Phragmites australis).The bioaccumulation of antibiotics in Carassius auratus was correlated with their solubility,whereas in Phragmites australis,this was associated with their octanol-water partition coefficients and molecular weights.Ecological risk assessment indicated that most antibiotics posed minimal to low risk levels.However,four antibiotics were exceptions:clarithromycin(12.5%)and sulfamethoxazole(6.25%)presented a high risk in surface water samples,while norfloxacin(25.0%)and ciprofloxacin(25.0%)posed a high risk in sediment samples.Norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria:(1)high con-centrations,(2)frequent detection,(3)capacity for bioaccumulation,and(4)ecological risk levels.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination,bioaccumulation characteristics,and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake,thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2025YFE0103800,2023YFE0102600,2024YFE0214200).
文摘Livestock farming is a critical pillar of Tajikistan’s national economy and livelihood security.However,significant economic challenges in the country have led to the degradation of grassland ecosystems.This degradation has not only reduced the productivity of grassland ecosystems but also severely impacted their ecological functions.A particularly concerning consequence is the threat to biodiversity,as the survival and persistence of endemic,rare,and endangered plant species are at serious risk,thereby diminishing the value of species’genetic resources.Based on the data from multiple sources such as literature reviews,field observations,and national statistics,this study employed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the current status,causes of degradation,and restoration measures for grassland ecosystems in Tajikistan.The results revealed that Tajikistan’s grassland ecosystems support exceptionally high plant species diversity,comprising over 4500 vascular plant species,including nearly 1500 endemic and sub-endemic taxa that constitute a unique genetic reservoir.These ecosystems are experiencing severe degradation,characterized by significantly reduced vegetation cover and declining species richness.Palatable forage species are increasingly being displaced by unpalatable,thorny,and poisonous species.The primary drivers of degradation include excessive grazing pressure,which disrupts plant reproductive cycles and regeneration capacity,habitat fragmentation due to urbanization and infrastructure development,and uncontrolled exploitation of medicinal and edible plants.Climate change,particularly rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns,further exacerbates these anthropogenic pressures.Ecological restoration experiments suggested that both ecosystem productivity and plant species diversity are significantly enhanced by systematic reseeding trials using altitude-adapted native species.These findings underscore the necessity of establishing scientifically grounded approaches for ecological restoration.
基金supported by Special major projects for research and development of Henan Provincial(Science and Technology Research Project)(No.252102321104)Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation,Ministry of Education(24YJCZH410)。
文摘Effective management of mining areas in the Luo River Basin,located in the eastern Qinling Mountains,is vital for the integrated protection and restoration needed to support the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.Using the‘cupball'model,this study analyzes the limiting factors and restoration characteristics across four mining areas and proposes a conceptual model for selecting appropriate restoration approaches.A second conceptual model is then introduced to address regional development needs,incorporating ecological conservation,safety protection,and people's wellbeing.The applicability of the integrated model selection framework is demonstrated through a case study on the south bank of the Qinglongjian River.The results indicate that:(1)The key limiting factors are similar across cases,but the degree of ecological degradation varies.(2)Mildly degraded areas are represented by a shallower and narrower‘cup',where natural recovery is the preferred approach,whereas moderately and severely degraded systems call for assisted regeneration and ecological reconstruction,respectively.(3)When the restoration models determined based on limiting factors and development needs are consistent,the model is directly applicable;if they differ,the option involving less artificial intervention is preferred;(4)Monitoring of the restored mining area on the Qinglongjian River's south bank confirms significant improvements in soil erosion control and vegetation coverage.This study provides a transferable methodology for balancing resource extraction with ecosystem conservation,offering practical insights for other ecologically vulnerable mining regions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(42192552,42475011)。
文摘Typhoons are strong air–sea interactions that significantly affect the physical and biogeochemical processes of the upper ocean. Based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System-Carbon–Silicate–Nitrate Ecosystem coupled model, the influence of Typhoon Bolaven(2012) on physical and ecological variables in the East China Sea and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that the typhoon induced intense vertical mixing in the upper ocean,leading to sea surface cooling, increased salinity, nutrient concentrations, and phytoplankton blooms. Conversely, warming,reduced salinity, and decreased nutrient concentrations occurred in the subsurface layer. In the Yangtze River Estuary, the passage of typhoons effectively affected wind and current directions, shaping the dipole distribution patterns of the environmental elements. Diagnostic analysis indicated that tropical cyclone-induced horizontal advection is key in driving changes in both the physical and ecological variables within the estuary region. This study provides novel insights into the physical-ecological coupling processes and driving mechanisms governing oceanic environmental changes during typhoon events, particularly in the waters adjacent to the Yangtze River Estuary.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42301226,42271209 and 42471199)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2024CDJXY014)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20242BAB25170)Special Funds for Water Resources in Jiangxi Province(Science and Technology Projects)(Grant No.202425YBKT16)the Young Talent Cultivation and Innovation Fund Project of Nanchang University(Grant No.XX202506030028).
文摘Great Lakes Regions(GLRs)in China often confront landscape fragmentation,wetland degradation,and ecological resilience(ER)losses owing to extensive and intensive urbanization.In GLRs,however,the ER responses to urbanization remain unclear.This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of ER and urbanization in five GLRs in China to analyze the ER dynamic patterns along center−lakeside−periphery gradient.The Spatial Durbin Model(SDM)and Panel Threshold Model(PTM)were combined to reveal the spillover and threshold effects of urbanization in five GLRs.The results indicate that the ER in five GLRs declined with a rate of 21%from 2000 to 2020.There was a clear“center-periphery”contraction trend with low ER areas primarily spreading to human activity-concentrated regions such as lakesides,riversides,and road networks.Driven by economic and land urbanization,the average urbanization level increased from 0.06 to 0.13,where lakesides,riversides,and road networks were key areas undergoing expansion.The urbanization showed a noticeable negative spatial spillover effect on ER.Away from central lakes,the negative impacts on ER exhibited a two-phase decrease with the threshold of 81 km.This study contributes to the understanding of human-environment interactions by examining the ecological resilience response process of GLRs under the impact of urbanization.Based on a multidimensional“center−lakeside−periphery”analytical model,this study provides a strategic framework for ecological construction in GLRs in China,promoting sustainable development and adaptive capacity in vulnerable areas.
基金a phased research outcome report of the Major Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,“Research on Major Issues in Improving the Mechanisms and Institutions for Integrated Urban-Rural Development”(Project No. 2024YZD008)。
文摘The promotion of rural revitalization within the ecological conservation areas(“ECAs”) requires a careful balance between ecological protection and economic development and should be guided by the principle of ecological priority. The cultivation of rural “Local Specialty Products”(“LSPs”) under a green-development framework aligns with the functional positioning of these areas, drives the revitalization of rural industries, and constitutes a fundamental strategy for addressing the unique challenges they face. Although ECAs possess inherent advantages in terms of developing LSPs, they are also confronted by multiple constraints. Accordingly, we propose development objectives that emphasize(a) driving rural industrial prosperity,(b) enhancing the appeal of agricultural heritage, and(c) ensuring inclusive prosperity in the farming communities. In selecting pathways for growth, priority should be given to improving the quality of products, fostering distinctiveness of the technologies, nurturing cultural identities, and upholding the principle of common prosperity. From a policy standpoint, the development of rural LSPs should be recognized as a key lever for advancing the comprehensiveness of rural revitalization in the ECAs. We recommend a set of supportive measures—namely, reinforcing the guidance for spatial planning, integrating the consolidation of factor inputs, and ensuring the robustness of organizational guarantees—to facilitate the high-quality development of LSPs in these areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(32130068,32271634,and 32071597)CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLFES-2025)。
文摘Urban forests are highly multifunctional and provide numerous ecological functions.Plant functional traits individually or jointly influence the ecological multifunctionality of tree species(TS-EMF)and can also modify TSEMF in response to environmental changes.However,there has been limited exploration of multitrait combinations for predicting TS-EMF across seasons and of trait thresholds that enhance TS-EMF.Here,for 10 dominant tree species in urban forests of Northeast China,14 traits were measured and four aboveground and three belowground ecological functions assessed in three seasons.Ecological functions and TS-EMF differed significantly throughout the seasons(P<0.05).Synergistic relationships were found between carbon sequestration and oxygen release,between cooling and humidification,and between organic carbon accumulation and nutrient cycling.Notably,aboveground multifunctionality played a leading role in TS-EMF.With seasonal changes,resource allocation shifted toward traits related to resource acquisition rather than conservation to maintain TS-EMF.The combination of traits that predicted TS-EMF varied by type,accounting for up to 66.45%of the variation.TS-EMF was primarily driven by leaf structure in spring and by nutrient accumulation in autumn.Leaf carbon content(LCC)consistently served as a stabilizing factor for predicting TS-EMF across seasons.At 36.5-36.8 mg g^(-1),LCC had its optimal effect on TS-EMF.Other traits in combination that positively influence total TS-EMF include leaf nitrogen content(3.43-3.45 mg g^(-1)),leaf phosphorus content(0.80-0.83 mg g^(-1)),and leaf area(65.86-68.43 cm^(2)).Within these specified trait thresholds,Morus alba and Quercus mongolica were identified as key species.These findings suggest that the trade-off between various ecological functions can be managed by altering plant traits across seasons.This approach could provide a theoretical foundation for enhancing the TS-EMF of urban forests through trait-based management,offering practical guidance for selecting tree species.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807519)the Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Deserts and Desertification,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLDD-2018-002).
文摘Ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional development.However,current regional ecological protection efforts have not been effectively integrated into the regional development planning of ecological security pattern.This study systematically assessed the effectiveness of ecological protection projects in Yanchi County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,through the evaluation of landscape ecological quality.Based on the evaluation results of landscape ecological quality,this study used morphological pattern analysis(MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and gravity model together to construct the ecological security pattern of Yanchi County.The findings revealed that from 1990 to 2020,with the implementation of ecological protection projects started from 2000,the landscape stability of Yanchi County first decreased and then increased,and the intensity of landscape disturbance first intensified but then decreased,indicating an improvement in the landscape ecological quality and a significant enhancement of the ecological environment in Yanchi County.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County consisted of 10 ecological sources,10 ecological source points,23 ecological corridors,and 27 ecological nodes.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County exhibited distinct spatial variations,with stronger ecological security observed in the southern part than in northern part of the county.The ecological sources were denser in the southern part than in the northern part of the county,and accordingly,the length of ecological corridors was shorter and denser in the southern than that in the northern part of the county.Based on the spatial distribution of landscape ecological quality and the characteristics of ecological security pattern of Yanchi County in 2020,we suggested Yanchi County to build four zones to optimize the ecological security pattern construction:the Haba Lake ecological conservation zone,the urban ecological planning zone,the ecological environment restoration zone,and the ecological security improvement zone.This study can provide essential guidance for the construction of ecological security pattern in farming-pastoral areas both in China and worldwide.
文摘State-owned enterprises are key players in building ecological civilization in the new era.Promoting ecological civilization requires not only institutional mechanisms and systems but also the leadership of ecological culture.North China Petrochemical Company is situated in the heart of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,merely 3 km from Xiongan New Area and just over a hundred kilometers from the capital,Beijing.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(Grants No.2022YFF1303204 and 2024YFF1307902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271099)。
文摘Ecological restorations(ERs)have been widely implemented in recent decades to enhance ecosystem stability.However,the extent of their impacts on ecosystem stability and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understood.This study developed a comprehensive framework for ecosystem stability assessment by integrating the temporal stability of ecosystem service(ES)provision,ecological resistance,and ecological resilience.Additionally,ER intensity was quantified using vegetation index trends,while the pathways and magnitudes of key factors driving ecosystem stability were identified by partial least squares structural equation modeling.Using the Jialing River Basin as a case study,our results revealed that forests exhibited the highest ecosystem stability due to their enhanced capacity to maintain temporal stability of ES provision and ecological resilience.However,farmlands demonstrated the strongest ecological resistance,followed by forests and grasslands.ER projects were primarily implemented in northern and southern farmland regions characterized by low ecological resilience.Pathway analysis identified that favorable climates significantly enhanced the temporal stability of ES provision,and rugged topography improved the ecological resistance.However,fragmented landscape patches disrupted stable ES provision by reducing ecological connectivity,and socioeconomic development diminished both resistance and resilience through land-use intensification.Notably,ERs improved ecological resilience,which in turn elevated overall ecosystem stability.Our results indicated that the proposed framework provides a systematic approach for comprehensive ecosystem stability evaluation and offers critical insights for developing region-specific ER strategies.
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022JDJQ0015)the Major Research and Development and Achievement Transformation Projects of Qinghai Province,China(2022-QY-224)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42471225).
文摘Increasing human disturbance and climate change have threatened ecological connectivity and structural stability,especially in semi-arid mountain areas with sparse vegetation and weak hydrological regulation.Large-scale ecological restoration,such as adding ecological sources or corridors,is difficult in such environments and often faces poor operability and high implementation costs in practice.Taking the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains in China as the study area and 2020 as the baseline,this study integrated weighted complex network theory into the"ecological source–resistance surface–corridor"framework to construct a heterogeneous ecological network(EN).Circuit theory was integrated with weighted betweenness to identify critical barrier points for locally differentiated restoration,followed by assessment of the network optimization effects.The results revealed that 494 ecological sources and 1308 ecological corridors were identified in the study area.Fifty-one barrier points with restoration potential were identified along key ecological corridors and locally restored.After optimization,the network gained 11 additional ecological corridors,and the total ecological corridor length increased by approximately 1143 km.Under simulated attacks,the decline rates of maximum connected subgraph(MCS)and network efficiency(Ne)slowed compared with pre-restoration conditions,indicating improved robustness.These findings demonstrate that targeted local restoration can enhance network connectivity and stability while minimizing disturbance to the overall landscape pattern,providing a practical pathway for ecological restoration and sustainable management in semi-arid mountain areas.
基金The National Key Research and Development Project,No.2022YFF1303204。
文摘Enhancing urban ecological resilience(UER)is a new concept for modern tourism-oriented cities to cope with environmental crises.Revealing the impact of the urbanization on UER is critical to the sustainability of urban ecosystems.Taking Zhangjiajie,a typical tourism-oriented city,as an example,urbanization level(UL)and UER evaluation system were constructed,and the change trend was analyzed.The Granger Causality Test model was used to discuss the relationship between UL and UER.The results showed that:(1)the urbanization rate of Zhangjiajie significantly increased by 0.531 from 2011 to 2020.Cili county has the highest UL,and Wulingyuan district including a large number of scenic spots has the fastest development trend.(2)The ecological restoration was more sensitive in the face of rising pressure,and showed a synchronized change trend with pressure.The high pressure in 2016 had the most significant impact on resistance.This effect continued into 2019,with an average decline in resistance of 0.802.(3)The UL has significantly promoted the improvement of urban ecological restoration.Specially,tourism urbanization was the most significant in scenic spots,while economic and social urbanization played a major role in other regions for the improvement of ecological restoration.
文摘In the context of rapid urbanization,high-density construction areas face significant challenges,including the reduction of ecological spaces and the deterioration of their functions.Planning and managing ecological spaces have emerged as essential strategies to address the conflict between urban development and ecological conservation.Using Jinjiang City,Fujian Province as the case study,this paper systematically examines the significance and primary challenges of ecological space planning in highdensity construction areas.It also identifies prevailing issues within the current research domain,including“an overemphasis on top-level design at the expense of implementation,a focus on isolated aspects rather than systemic integration,and prioritization of control over coordination”.This study proposes the key aspects of ecological space planning and management in high-density construction areas,focusing on three fundamental dimensions:human-centered demand orientation,the integration of top-down and bottomup linkage mechanisms,and a differentiated control system.Drawing on the full-element assessment of the ecosystem,ecological network construction,and full-process control system implemented in Jinjiang City,an integrated approach to ecological space governance,encompassing assessment,planning,and control,has been developed.This approach offers both theoretical insights and practical guidance for optimizing ecological spaces in comparable urban contexts.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42361017)the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program-Special Program for Key Research and Development(R&D)on Ecological Civilization Construction in Gansu Province(24YFFA050)the Gansu Agricultural University-Gansu Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Planning Joint Graduate Training Base Project(GAU2024-003)。
文摘The Loess Plateau(LP),one of the most ecologically fragile regions in China,is affected by severe soil erosion and environmental degradation.Despite large-scale ecological restoration efforts made by Chinese government in recent years,the region continues to face significant ecological challenges due to the combined impact of climate change and human activities.In this context,we developed a kernal Remote Sensing Ecological Index(kRSEI)using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)products on the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns and trends in ecological environmental quality(EEQ)across the LP from 2000 to 2022 and project future trajectories.Then,we applied partial correlation analysis and multivariate regression residual analysis to further quantify the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to EEQ.During the study period,the kRSEI values exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity,with a stepwise degradation pattern in the southeast to northwest across the LP.The maximum(0.51)and minimum(0.46)values of the kRSEI were observed in 2007 and 2021,respectively.Trend analyses revealed a decline in EEQ across the LP.Hurst exponent analysis predicted a trend of weak anti-persistent development in most of the plateau areas in the future.A positive correlation was identified between kRSEI and precipitation,particularly in the central and western regions;although,improvements were limited by a precipitation threshold of 837.66 mm/a.A moderate increase in temperature was shown to potentially benefit the ecological environment within a certain range;however,temperature of-1.00°C-7.95°C often had a negative impact on the ecosystem.Climate change and human activities jointly influenced 65.78%of LP area on EEQ,primarily having a negative impact.In terms of contribution,human activities played a dominant role in driving changes in EEQ across the plateau.These findings provide crucial insights for accurately assessing the ecological state of the LP and suggest the design of future restoration strategies.
基金support and library facilities in accomplishing this part of the study.
文摘Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn (C. thalictroides), a fern from the Pteridaceae family, isan edible species that remains largely underutilized, even though it possesses a diverserange of applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of itsgeographical distribution, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemical constituents,pharmacological activities, and ecological importance. Various phytochemical analysesidentified the presence of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and fatty acids from C.thalictroides, responsible for its multiple pharmacological properties, including antioxidant,antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anticancer activities. Additionally, itsunique antheridiogen activity makes it a valuable model organism for plant genetics andreproductive studies. This review systematically summarizes the phytopharmacologicalpotential and ecological significance of C. thalictroides. The plant holds promise as a sourceof novel therapeutics and as a sustainable bioresource for pharmaceutical andenvironmental applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971268。
文摘Regular quantitative assessments of regional ecological environment quality(EEQ)and driving force analyses are highly important for environmental protection and sustainable development.Northern China is a typical climate-sensitive and ecologically vulnerable area,however,the changes in EEQ in this region and their underlying causes remain unclear.Traditional evaluations of EEQ rely primarily on the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),which lacks assessments of indicators such as greenness(NDVI),humidity(WET),heat(LST),and dryness(NDBSI).To address these issues,this study employs the principal component analysis method and the Google Earth Engine to construct an RSEI suitable for long-term and large-scale applications and analyzes the spatio-temporal variations in the RSEI,NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.Additionally,geographical detectors are utilized to analyze the driving factors affecting EEQ.The results indicate the following.(1)The RSEI shows a fluctuating upward trend,with an average value of 0.4566,indicating a gradual improvement in EEQ.The EEQ exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity,with a pattern of lower values in the west and higher values in the east.(2)The NDVI and WET exhibit fluctuating increasing trends,indicating improvements in both indices.The NDBSI shows a fluctuating decreasing trend,whereas the LST presents a fluctuating increasing trend,suggesting an improvement in the NDBSI and a slight deterioration in the LST.NDVI and WET demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the west and high values in the east.NDBSI and LST demonstrate a spatial pattern characterized by low values in the east and high values in the west.(3)Land use types and precipitation are the primary driving factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the EEQ.The explanatory power of these driving factors significantly increases under their interactions,particularly the interaction between land use types and other driving factors.This study fills the gap in existing EEQ evaluations that analyze only the RSEI without considering the NDVI,WET,NDBSI,and LST.The findings provide new insights for EEQ assessments and serve as a scientific reference for environmental protection and sustainable development.
