Purpose:To assess the effect of praziquantel(PZQ)treatment on liver echotexture and diameters of the portal and splenic veins.Materials and methods:This was a prospective study involving 86 known cases of schistosomia...Purpose:To assess the effect of praziquantel(PZQ)treatment on liver echotexture and diameters of the portal and splenic veins.Materials and methods:This was a prospective study involving 86 known cases of schistosomiasis;these cases were examined via gray-scale sonography in 3-month intervals for a period of 6 months.The patients were categorized into two groups based on whether or not they were treated with PZQ.The liver,spleen,main portal vein(PV),and splenic vein(SV)were evaluated sonographically using 3.5-curvilinear transducers,according to a standard abdominal ultrasound protocol.Results:The liver echotexture and size were significantly recovered in patients who received PZQ therapy compared to those who did not use the drug(p-values<0.001).PZQ caused significant reduction in diameters of the PV and SV(p-value<0.001).Conclusion:Liver size and echotexture and diameters of PV and SV improved well as a result of Praziquantel therapy in patients with chronic Schistosoma infection.Treatment of Schistosomiasis is necessary to prevent liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.展开更多
Objective:Testicular torsion is a common urological emergency,mainly in the younger population.Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy and value of testicular echogenicity in predicting testicular viability.Methods:Patien...Objective:Testicular torsion is a common urological emergency,mainly in the younger population.Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy and value of testicular echogenicity in predicting testicular viability.Methods:Patients who were older than 13 years of age and were discharged with the diagnosis of testicular torsion were reviewed.Data obtained included demographic data,history,physical examination results,ultrasound findings including size,color Doppler flow,and echotexture,torsion degrees,and surgical procedure.In addition,the histopathological findings of patients who underwent orchiectomy were reviewed.Results:A total of 71 cases were diagnosed with testicular torsion between January 2016 to December 2018.The mean age at presentation was 20.4±7.0 years.The average time from the onset of pain until the presentation was 36.0±55.1 h.Out of the 71 ultrasound scans reviewed,45.1%showed homogenous echotexture and 54.9%showed heterogeneous echotexture of the affected testis.On scrotal exploration,the mean degree of torsion was 475.7±301.8 degrees;66.2%of the patients had a viable testis;and bilateral orchidopexy was done.The remaining 33.8%had a non-viable testis.Homogenous echotexture was after an average of 13.5 h of scrotal pain,while heterogeneous echotexture presented after 53.7 h of scrotal pain.There was a statistically significant difference between the time of presentation and echotexture changes on scrotal ultrasonography(p<0.01).The relationship between echotexture changes and testicular viability was statistically significant as well(p<0.001).Conclusion:A long time since the onset of pain coupled with heterogeneous changes in testicular parenchyma is a good indicator of non-viability.However,we still advocate for surgical exploration as the gold standard in diagnosis and management.展开更多
Objective:To establish reference values for pixel intensity of testicular ultrasonogram of rams in breeding and non-breeding seasons,and to investigate if the seasonal changes in testicular echogenicity and heterogene...Objective:To establish reference values for pixel intensity of testicular ultrasonogram of rams in breeding and non-breeding seasons,and to investigate if the seasonal changes in testicular echogenicity and heterogeneity are associated with semen characteristics.Methods:Five Awassi rams aged 3-5 years old and weighing 45-60 kg were subjected to ultrasonographic scanning of the testes twice monthly for one year(from January 2018 to December 2018),together with semen collection and evaluation of ejaculate volume,sperm motility,sperm concentration,sperm morphology and viability.The ejaculate volume was determined in a graduated collection tube(scale of 0.1 mL).Mass and individual sperm motility was expressed in percentage of motile spermatozoa under optical microscope equipped with a warm stage.Sperm concentration was determined by using a Neubauer chamber.Semen smears stained with eosin-nigrosin were used to determine the percentage of live spermatozoa and sperm cell morphology by using a light microscope.Results:The mean testicular pixel intensity was the lowest in winter and increased gradually from breeding season to non-breeding season,reaching its maximum value in summer(P<0.05).Pixel intensity was found to have a significant negative correlation with progressive motility(r=-0.605,P<0.05),and sperm concentration(r=-0.619,P<0.05).It is also positively correlated with the percentage of sperm morphological abnormalities(r=0.666,P<0.05).Conclusions:Pixel intensity values of testicular ultrasonogram in rams undergo marked seasonal changes that are associated with fluctuations in photoperiod and ambient temperature.The resulting values of testicular echogenicity(pixel intensity)throughout the year provide useful reference values for predicting the testicular function in Awassi rams.展开更多
文摘Purpose:To assess the effect of praziquantel(PZQ)treatment on liver echotexture and diameters of the portal and splenic veins.Materials and methods:This was a prospective study involving 86 known cases of schistosomiasis;these cases were examined via gray-scale sonography in 3-month intervals for a period of 6 months.The patients were categorized into two groups based on whether or not they were treated with PZQ.The liver,spleen,main portal vein(PV),and splenic vein(SV)were evaluated sonographically using 3.5-curvilinear transducers,according to a standard abdominal ultrasound protocol.Results:The liver echotexture and size were significantly recovered in patients who received PZQ therapy compared to those who did not use the drug(p-values<0.001).PZQ caused significant reduction in diameters of the PV and SV(p-value<0.001).Conclusion:Liver size and echotexture and diameters of PV and SV improved well as a result of Praziquantel therapy in patients with chronic Schistosoma infection.Treatment of Schistosomiasis is necessary to prevent liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
文摘Objective:Testicular torsion is a common urological emergency,mainly in the younger population.Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy and value of testicular echogenicity in predicting testicular viability.Methods:Patients who were older than 13 years of age and were discharged with the diagnosis of testicular torsion were reviewed.Data obtained included demographic data,history,physical examination results,ultrasound findings including size,color Doppler flow,and echotexture,torsion degrees,and surgical procedure.In addition,the histopathological findings of patients who underwent orchiectomy were reviewed.Results:A total of 71 cases were diagnosed with testicular torsion between January 2016 to December 2018.The mean age at presentation was 20.4±7.0 years.The average time from the onset of pain until the presentation was 36.0±55.1 h.Out of the 71 ultrasound scans reviewed,45.1%showed homogenous echotexture and 54.9%showed heterogeneous echotexture of the affected testis.On scrotal exploration,the mean degree of torsion was 475.7±301.8 degrees;66.2%of the patients had a viable testis;and bilateral orchidopexy was done.The remaining 33.8%had a non-viable testis.Homogenous echotexture was after an average of 13.5 h of scrotal pain,while heterogeneous echotexture presented after 53.7 h of scrotal pain.There was a statistically significant difference between the time of presentation and echotexture changes on scrotal ultrasonography(p<0.01).The relationship between echotexture changes and testicular viability was statistically significant as well(p<0.001).Conclusion:A long time since the onset of pain coupled with heterogeneous changes in testicular parenchyma is a good indicator of non-viability.However,we still advocate for surgical exploration as the gold standard in diagnosis and management.
文摘Objective:To establish reference values for pixel intensity of testicular ultrasonogram of rams in breeding and non-breeding seasons,and to investigate if the seasonal changes in testicular echogenicity and heterogeneity are associated with semen characteristics.Methods:Five Awassi rams aged 3-5 years old and weighing 45-60 kg were subjected to ultrasonographic scanning of the testes twice monthly for one year(from January 2018 to December 2018),together with semen collection and evaluation of ejaculate volume,sperm motility,sperm concentration,sperm morphology and viability.The ejaculate volume was determined in a graduated collection tube(scale of 0.1 mL).Mass and individual sperm motility was expressed in percentage of motile spermatozoa under optical microscope equipped with a warm stage.Sperm concentration was determined by using a Neubauer chamber.Semen smears stained with eosin-nigrosin were used to determine the percentage of live spermatozoa and sperm cell morphology by using a light microscope.Results:The mean testicular pixel intensity was the lowest in winter and increased gradually from breeding season to non-breeding season,reaching its maximum value in summer(P<0.05).Pixel intensity was found to have a significant negative correlation with progressive motility(r=-0.605,P<0.05),and sperm concentration(r=-0.619,P<0.05).It is also positively correlated with the percentage of sperm morphological abnormalities(r=0.666,P<0.05).Conclusions:Pixel intensity values of testicular ultrasonogram in rams undergo marked seasonal changes that are associated with fluctuations in photoperiod and ambient temperature.The resulting values of testicular echogenicity(pixel intensity)throughout the year provide useful reference values for predicting the testicular function in Awassi rams.
