Pulse laser range detector is to measure the distance by estimating the time delay between the emitting pulse and echo pulse.In this paper,a mathematical model for the target echo signal of laser fuze has been establi...Pulse laser range detector is to measure the distance by estimating the time delay between the emitting pulse and echo pulse.In this paper,a mathematical model for the target echo signal of laser fuze has been established;in accordance with this model,the formulas for echo time-delay estimation and for amplitude estimation based on least squares criterion have been deduced.It is argued and simulated that the resolution of echo time-delay estimation could be improved through multi-reference correlation approach.Experiments illustrate that the approach enables pulsed laser fuze to perform high-precision ranging under a low signal-to-noise ratio condition.展开更多
Objective：Currently,magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） is the most commonly used imaging modality for observing the growth and development of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） after in vivo transplantation to treat ost...Objective：Currently,magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） is the most commonly used imaging modality for observing the growth and development of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） after in vivo transplantation to treat osteoarthritis （OA）.However,it is a challenge to accurately monitor the treatment effects of MSCs in the zone of calcified cartilage （ZCC） with OA.This is especially true in the physiological and biochemical views that are not accurately detected by MRI contrast agents.In contrast,ultrashort time echo （UTE） MRI has been shown to be sensitive to the presence of the ZCC,creating the potential for more effectively observing the repair of the ZCC in OA by MSCs.A special focus is given to the outlook of the use ofUTE MRI to detect repair of the ZCC with OA through MSCs.The limitations of the current techniques for clinical applications and future directions are also discussed.Data Sources：Using the combined keywords：＂osteoarthritis＂,＂mesenchymal stem cells＂,＂calcified cartilage＂,and ＂magnetic resonance imaging＂,the PubMed/MEDLINE literature search was conducted up to June 1,2017.Study Selection：A total of 132 published articles were initially identified citations.Of the 132 articles,48 articles were selected after further detailed review.This study referred to all the important English literature in full.Results：In contrast,UTE MRI has been shown to be sensitive to the presence of the ZCC,creating the potential for more effectively observing the repair of the ZCC in OA by MSCs.Conclusions：The current studies showed that the ZCC could be described in terms of its histomorphology and biochemistry by UTE MRI.We prospected that UTE MRI has been shown the potential for more effectively observing the repair of the ZCC in OA by MSCs in vivo.展开更多
To perform the ground test of a spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) system, an echo simulator with the characteristics of multimode, multi-assemblage, and real time is proposed in this paper. A hardware platform ...To perform the ground test of a spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) system, an echo simulator with the characteristics of multimode, multi-assemblage, and real time is proposed in this paper. A hardware platform of the real-time echo simulator based on the VPX bus is designed. With this platform, real-time multi-point echo generation and scenario targets echo generation can be achieved by the real-time signal processing in Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA), utilizing the parameters calculated by the industry computers. Furthermore, this platform can output different signals if it is expanded to multi-channels, making it possible for the assignment of echo generation and test in different spaceborne SAR modes. The test results with the actual SAR system show that this platform can satisfy the system requirements and is now used in practice.展开更多
This paper investigates the phenomenon of three-pulse photon echo in thick rare-earth ions doped crystal whose thickness is far larger than 0.002 cm which is adopted in previous works.The influence of thickness on the...This paper investigates the phenomenon of three-pulse photon echo in thick rare-earth ions doped crystal whose thickness is far larger than 0.002 cm which is adopted in previous works.The influence of thickness on the three-pulse photon echo＇s amplitude and efficiency is analyzed with the Maxwell-Bloch equations solved by finite-difference timedomain method.We demonstrate that the amplitude of three-pulse echo will increase with the increasing of thickness and the optimum thickness to generate three-pulse photon echo is 0.3 cm for Tm^（3＋）：YAG when the attenuation of the input pulse is taken into account.Meanwhile,we find the expression 0.09 exp（α＇L）,which is previously employed to describe the relationship between echo＇s efficiency and thickness,should be modified as 1.3 · 0.09 exp（2.4 ·α＇L） with the propagation of echo considered.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> This paper proposes a prediction method based on improved Echo State Network for COVID-19 nonlinear time series, which improves the Echo State Network from the reservo...<div style="text-align:justify;"> This paper proposes a prediction method based on improved Echo State Network for COVID-19 nonlinear time series, which improves the Echo State Network from the reservoir topology and the output weight matrix, and adopt the ABC (Artificial Bee Colony) algorithm based on crossover and crowding strategy to optimize the parameters. Finally, the proposed method is simulated and the results show that it has stronger prediction ability for COVID-19 nonlinear time series. </div>展开更多
The contrast agent concentration, the time of repetition (TR) and magnetic field strength are significant parameters that influence for the accurate signal intensity (SI) in quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR...The contrast agent concentration, the time of repetition (TR) and magnetic field strength are significant parameters that influence for the accurate signal intensity (SI) in quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate and refine the dependence and the optimal effect of Time of Repetition (TR) on the relationship between signal intensity and Gd-DTPA (Gadolinium-diethylene-triaminepenta-acetic acid) concentration, after applying two-dimensional (2D) Spin Echo (SE) pulse sequence under low-field MRI. In addition to that, the optimal concentration of Gd-DTPA at given sequence parameters at low-field MRI was also evaluated. A water-filled phantom was constructed for a range of Gd-DTPA concentrations (0 - 6 mmol/L) and the mean signal intensities (SIs) were assessed in the defined region of interest on T1-weighted images with different TR values (40 - 2000 ms). The generated signal-concentration curves for Gd-DTPA revealed that increasing TR was associated with the increase of the overall SIs and the maximum relationship between SI to concentration. Moreover, the required Gd-DTPA concentration to produce the maximum SI was associated to decrease with the increase of TR. In addition to this, the application of beyond 100 ms TR values in this study with relatively higher concentrations (beyond 1 - 2 mmol/L) has resulted predominantly non-linear patterns in the signal-concentration curves and it appears the saturation or decay of the SIs due to T2 effect. From these results, it can be suggested that the selection of relatively lower Gd-DTPA concentration ( mmol/L) with less than 800 ms (<800 ms) TR values can produce a better linear relationship between the concertation and SIs in T1-weighted SE low field contrast-enhanced MRI. Furthermore, this study also outlined the significance and necessity of the optimization of TR in SE sequence in low field MRI prior to a particular examination.展开更多
Bistatic/multistatic radar has great potential advantages over its monostatic counterpart. However, the separation of a transmitter and a receiver leads to difficulties in locating the target position accurately and g...Bistatic/multistatic radar has great potential advantages over its monostatic counterpart. However, the separation of a transmitter and a receiver leads to difficulties in locating the target position accurately and guaranteeing space-timefrequency synchronization of the transmitter and the receiver.The error model of space-time-frequency synchronization in a motion platform of bistatic/multistatic radar is studied. The relationship between the space synchronization error and the transmitter platform position, receiver platform position, moving state, and beam pointing error, is analyzed. The effect of space synchronization error on target echo power is studied. The target scattering characteristics are restructured by many separate scattering centers of the target in high frequency regions. Based on the scattering centers model of the radar target, this radar target echo model and the simulation method are discussed. The algorithm of bistatic/multistatic radar target echo accurately reflects the scattering characteristics of the radar target, pulse modulation speciality of radar transmitting signals, and spacetime-frequency synchronization error characteristics between the transmitter station and the receiver station. The simulation of bistatic radar is completed in computer, and the results of the simulation validate the feasibility of the method.展开更多
This paper presents an Ethernet based hybrid method for predicting random time-delay in the networked control system.First,db3 wavelet is used to decompose and reconstruct time-delay sequence,and the approximation com...This paper presents an Ethernet based hybrid method for predicting random time-delay in the networked control system.First,db3 wavelet is used to decompose and reconstruct time-delay sequence,and the approximation component and detail components of time-delay sequences are fgured out.Next,one step prediction of time-delay is obtained through echo state network(ESN)model and auto-regressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA)according to the diferent characteristics of approximate component and detail components.Then,the fnal predictive value of time-delay is obtained by summation.Meanwhile,the parameters of echo state network is optimized by genetic algorithm.The simulation results indicate that higher accuracy can be achieved through this prediction method.展开更多
In active sonar operation, the presence of background reverberation and the low signal-to-noise ratio hinder the detection of targets. This paper investigates the application of single-channel monostatic iterative tim...In active sonar operation, the presence of background reverberation and the low signal-to-noise ratio hinder the detection of targets. This paper investigates the application of single-channel monostatic iterative time reversal to mitigate the difficulties by exploiting the resonances of the target. Theoretical analysis indicates that the iterative process will adaptively lead echoes to converge to a narrowband signal corresponding to a scattering object＇s dominant resonance mode, thus optimising the return level. The experiments in detection of targets in free field and near a planar interface have been performed. The results illustrate the feasibility of the method.展开更多
Traffic flow prediction has been applied into many wireless communication applications(e.g., smart city, Internet of Things). With the development of wireless communication technologies and artificial intelligence, ho...Traffic flow prediction has been applied into many wireless communication applications(e.g., smart city, Internet of Things). With the development of wireless communication technologies and artificial intelligence, how to design a system for real-time traffic flow prediction and receive high accuracy of prediction are urgent problems for both researchers and equipment suppliers. This paper presents a novel real-time system for traffic flow prediction. Different from the single algorithm for traffic flow prediction, our novel system firstly utilizes dynamic time wrapping to judge whether traffic flow data has regularity,realizing traffic flow data classification. After traffic flow data classification, we respectively make use of XGBoost and wavelet transform-echo state network to predict traffic flow data according to their regularity. Moreover, in order to realize real-time classification and prediction, we apply Spark/Hadoop computing platform to process large amounts of traffic data. Numerical results show that the proposed novel system has better performance and higher accuracy than other schemes.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Defense Science and Technology Laboratory Foundation (9140C3601130802)
文摘Pulse laser range detector is to measure the distance by estimating the time delay between the emitting pulse and echo pulse.In this paper,a mathematical model for the target echo signal of laser fuze has been established;in accordance with this model,the formulas for echo time-delay estimation and for amplitude estimation based on least squares criterion have been deduced.It is argued and simulated that the resolution of echo time-delay estimation could be improved through multi-reference correlation approach.Experiments illustrate that the approach enables pulsed laser fuze to perform high-precision ranging under a low signal-to-noise ratio condition.
文摘Objective：Currently,magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） is the most commonly used imaging modality for observing the growth and development of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） after in vivo transplantation to treat osteoarthritis （OA）.However,it is a challenge to accurately monitor the treatment effects of MSCs in the zone of calcified cartilage （ZCC） with OA.This is especially true in the physiological and biochemical views that are not accurately detected by MRI contrast agents.In contrast,ultrashort time echo （UTE） MRI has been shown to be sensitive to the presence of the ZCC,creating the potential for more effectively observing the repair of the ZCC in OA by MSCs.A special focus is given to the outlook of the use ofUTE MRI to detect repair of the ZCC with OA through MSCs.The limitations of the current techniques for clinical applications and future directions are also discussed.Data Sources：Using the combined keywords：＂osteoarthritis＂,＂mesenchymal stem cells＂,＂calcified cartilage＂,and ＂magnetic resonance imaging＂,the PubMed/MEDLINE literature search was conducted up to June 1,2017.Study Selection：A total of 132 published articles were initially identified citations.Of the 132 articles,48 articles were selected after further detailed review.This study referred to all the important English literature in full.Results：In contrast,UTE MRI has been shown to be sensitive to the presence of the ZCC,creating the potential for more effectively observing the repair of the ZCC in OA by MSCs.Conclusions：The current studies showed that the ZCC could be described in terms of its histomorphology and biochemistry by UTE MRI.We prospected that UTE MRI has been shown the potential for more effectively observing the repair of the ZCC in OA by MSCs in vivo.
文摘To perform the ground test of a spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) system, an echo simulator with the characteristics of multimode, multi-assemblage, and real time is proposed in this paper. A hardware platform of the real-time echo simulator based on the VPX bus is designed. With this platform, real-time multi-point echo generation and scenario targets echo generation can be achieved by the real-time signal processing in Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA), utilizing the parameters calculated by the industry computers. Furthermore, this platform can output different signals if it is expanded to multi-channels, making it possible for the assignment of echo generation and test in different spaceborne SAR modes. The test results with the actual SAR system show that this platform can satisfy the system requirements and is now used in practice.
基金Project supported by Tianjin Research Program Application Foundation and Advanced Technology,China(Grant No.15JCQNJC01100)
文摘This paper investigates the phenomenon of three-pulse photon echo in thick rare-earth ions doped crystal whose thickness is far larger than 0.002 cm which is adopted in previous works.The influence of thickness on the three-pulse photon echo＇s amplitude and efficiency is analyzed with the Maxwell-Bloch equations solved by finite-difference timedomain method.We demonstrate that the amplitude of three-pulse echo will increase with the increasing of thickness and the optimum thickness to generate three-pulse photon echo is 0.3 cm for Tm^（3＋）：YAG when the attenuation of the input pulse is taken into account.Meanwhile,we find the expression 0.09 exp（α＇L）,which is previously employed to describe the relationship between echo＇s efficiency and thickness,should be modified as 1.3 · 0.09 exp（2.4 ·α＇L） with the propagation of echo considered.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> This paper proposes a prediction method based on improved Echo State Network for COVID-19 nonlinear time series, which improves the Echo State Network from the reservoir topology and the output weight matrix, and adopt the ABC (Artificial Bee Colony) algorithm based on crossover and crowding strategy to optimize the parameters. Finally, the proposed method is simulated and the results show that it has stronger prediction ability for COVID-19 nonlinear time series. </div>
文摘The contrast agent concentration, the time of repetition (TR) and magnetic field strength are significant parameters that influence for the accurate signal intensity (SI) in quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate and refine the dependence and the optimal effect of Time of Repetition (TR) on the relationship between signal intensity and Gd-DTPA (Gadolinium-diethylene-triaminepenta-acetic acid) concentration, after applying two-dimensional (2D) Spin Echo (SE) pulse sequence under low-field MRI. In addition to that, the optimal concentration of Gd-DTPA at given sequence parameters at low-field MRI was also evaluated. A water-filled phantom was constructed for a range of Gd-DTPA concentrations (0 - 6 mmol/L) and the mean signal intensities (SIs) were assessed in the defined region of interest on T1-weighted images with different TR values (40 - 2000 ms). The generated signal-concentration curves for Gd-DTPA revealed that increasing TR was associated with the increase of the overall SIs and the maximum relationship between SI to concentration. Moreover, the required Gd-DTPA concentration to produce the maximum SI was associated to decrease with the increase of TR. In addition to this, the application of beyond 100 ms TR values in this study with relatively higher concentrations (beyond 1 - 2 mmol/L) has resulted predominantly non-linear patterns in the signal-concentration curves and it appears the saturation or decay of the SIs due to T2 effect. From these results, it can be suggested that the selection of relatively lower Gd-DTPA concentration ( mmol/L) with less than 800 ms (<800 ms) TR values can produce a better linear relationship between the concertation and SIs in T1-weighted SE low field contrast-enhanced MRI. Furthermore, this study also outlined the significance and necessity of the optimization of TR in SE sequence in low field MRI prior to a particular examination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61271327)
文摘Bistatic/multistatic radar has great potential advantages over its monostatic counterpart. However, the separation of a transmitter and a receiver leads to difficulties in locating the target position accurately and guaranteeing space-timefrequency synchronization of the transmitter and the receiver.The error model of space-time-frequency synchronization in a motion platform of bistatic/multistatic radar is studied. The relationship between the space synchronization error and the transmitter platform position, receiver platform position, moving state, and beam pointing error, is analyzed. The effect of space synchronization error on target echo power is studied. The target scattering characteristics are restructured by many separate scattering centers of the target in high frequency regions. Based on the scattering centers model of the radar target, this radar target echo model and the simulation method are discussed. The algorithm of bistatic/multistatic radar target echo accurately reflects the scattering characteristics of the radar target, pulse modulation speciality of radar transmitting signals, and spacetime-frequency synchronization error characteristics between the transmitter station and the receiver station. The simulation of bistatic radar is completed in computer, and the results of the simulation validate the feasibility of the method.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61034005)
文摘This paper presents an Ethernet based hybrid method for predicting random time-delay in the networked control system.First,db3 wavelet is used to decompose and reconstruct time-delay sequence,and the approximation component and detail components of time-delay sequences are fgured out.Next,one step prediction of time-delay is obtained through echo state network(ESN)model and auto-regressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA)according to the diferent characteristics of approximate component and detail components.Then,the fnal predictive value of time-delay is obtained by summation.Meanwhile,the parameters of echo state network is optimized by genetic algorithm.The simulation results indicate that higher accuracy can be achieved through this prediction method.
基金Project supported by the Innovation Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. CXJJ-260)
文摘In active sonar operation, the presence of background reverberation and the low signal-to-noise ratio hinder the detection of targets. This paper investigates the application of single-channel monostatic iterative time reversal to mitigate the difficulties by exploiting the resonances of the target. Theoretical analysis indicates that the iterative process will adaptively lead echoes to converge to a narrowband signal corresponding to a scattering object＇s dominant resonance mode, thus optimising the return level. The experiments in detection of targets in free field and near a planar interface have been performed. The results illustrate the feasibility of the method.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.61571240,61671474)the Jiangsu Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(No.BK20170089)+2 种基金the ZTE program“The Prediction of Wireline Network Malfunction and Traffic Based on Big Data,”(No.2016ZTE04-07)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX18_0916)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Traffic flow prediction has been applied into many wireless communication applications(e.g., smart city, Internet of Things). With the development of wireless communication technologies and artificial intelligence, how to design a system for real-time traffic flow prediction and receive high accuracy of prediction are urgent problems for both researchers and equipment suppliers. This paper presents a novel real-time system for traffic flow prediction. Different from the single algorithm for traffic flow prediction, our novel system firstly utilizes dynamic time wrapping to judge whether traffic flow data has regularity,realizing traffic flow data classification. After traffic flow data classification, we respectively make use of XGBoost and wavelet transform-echo state network to predict traffic flow data according to their regularity. Moreover, in order to realize real-time classification and prediction, we apply Spark/Hadoop computing platform to process large amounts of traffic data. Numerical results show that the proposed novel system has better performance and higher accuracy than other schemes.
