Yanjiahella gen. nov., a distinctive fossil taxon from the Early Cambrian Yanjiahe Biota in Yichang, Hubei Province, is characterized by： 1） an overall body plan composed of a stalk and a calyx （also arms in some s...Yanjiahella gen. nov., a distinctive fossil taxon from the Early Cambrian Yanjiahe Biota in Yichang, Hubei Province, is characterized by： 1） an overall body plan composed of a stalk and a calyx （also arms in some species）; 2） a stalk with closely spaced, transverse wrinkles and a medial, longitudinal ridge; and 3） a calyx preserved with three-dimensional radiating striations, as well as a probable madreporite in some specimens. Three species that can be assigned to this genus, which are Y. ancarpa sp. nov., Y. monocarpa sp. nov., and Y. biscarpa sp. nov. Yanjiahella is comparable to certain echinoderm taxa in terms of morphology and some biological structures, which might indicate the early evolution and diversification of ancestral echinoderm lineages from the early Early Cambrian Yangtze Platform. The discovery of putative echinoderms in the Yanjiahe Biota provides significant clues about the origination and evolution of the deuterostome phylum Echinodermata.展开更多
目的建立一种实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法,对非小细胞肺癌间变淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)融合基因进行快速、敏感和特异检测。方法首先,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件,针对棘皮动物微管相关蛋白4(EML4)-ALK常见融合变异V1、V2、V3a和V3b设计引物和Taq...目的建立一种实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法,对非小细胞肺癌间变淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)融合基因进行快速、敏感和特异检测。方法首先,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件,针对棘皮动物微管相关蛋白4(EML4)-ALK常见融合变异V1、V2、V3a和V3b设计引物和Taqman水解探针。然后,以包含EML4-ALK融合变异V1、V2、V3a和V3b的假病毒颗粒为研究对象,进一步分析所建立方法的灵敏度、敏感性和特异性。最后,用所建立的方法检测50例非小细胞肺癌临床标本,其中包含3例ALK-荧光原位杂交(FISH)(+)样本。结果在无背景RNA干扰情况下,建立的实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法检测灵敏度高达10拷贝/!l。在500拷贝/!l的野生型背景RNA下,其敏感性达1%,在5000拷贝/!l的野生型背景RNA下,其敏感性达0.5%。对于检测特异性,以正常人白细胞及血浆RNA为研究对象,均未见非特异性扩增。对50例非小细胞肺癌临床标本进行检测,47例阴性标本检测均为阴性,3例ALK-FISH(+)标本2例检测阳性,1例未检出,未检出原因与标本RNA提取失败有关。结论本研究建立的实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法是一种快速、简便以及具有高灵敏度和特异性的EML4-ALK融合基因检测方法,值得在临床进一步验证和推广。展开更多
The generation of a high-quality egg for reproduction requires faithful segregation of chromosome during oocyte meiosis. Here, we report that echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 6(EML6) is highly expressed ...The generation of a high-quality egg for reproduction requires faithful segregation of chromosome during oocyte meiosis. Here, we report that echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 6(EML6) is highly expressed in oocytes, and responsible for accurate segregation of homologous chromosomes in mice. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that EML6 was predominantly expressed by oocytes in the ovaries. Whole mount immunofluorescent staining showed that EML6 was colocalized with spindle microtubules in oocytes at various stages after meiotic resumption. This specialized localization was disrupted by nocodazole, the microtubule destabilizer, while enhanced by Taxol, a microtubule stabilizing reagent. In vivo knockdown of Eml6 expression by the specific si RNA resulted in chromosome misalignment and alteration in spindle dimension at both metaphase Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages, as well as the increased aneuploidy in the mature oocytes.Thus, these data suggest that EML family proteins participate in the control of oocyte meiotic division.展开更多
基金funded by National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.40902007)the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges, Chang'an University,China(Grant Nos CHD2011TD005, CHD2011TD020,CHD2010JC074,CHD2009JC0018)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No. 20100471020)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.20100205110003)
文摘Yanjiahella gen. nov., a distinctive fossil taxon from the Early Cambrian Yanjiahe Biota in Yichang, Hubei Province, is characterized by： 1） an overall body plan composed of a stalk and a calyx （also arms in some species）; 2） a stalk with closely spaced, transverse wrinkles and a medial, longitudinal ridge; and 3） a calyx preserved with three-dimensional radiating striations, as well as a probable madreporite in some specimens. Three species that can be assigned to this genus, which are Y. ancarpa sp. nov., Y. monocarpa sp. nov., and Y. biscarpa sp. nov. Yanjiahella is comparable to certain echinoderm taxa in terms of morphology and some biological structures, which might indicate the early evolution and diversification of ancestral echinoderm lineages from the early Early Cambrian Yangtze Platform. The discovery of putative echinoderms in the Yanjiahe Biota provides significant clues about the origination and evolution of the deuterostome phylum Echinodermata.
文摘目的建立一种实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法,对非小细胞肺癌间变淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)融合基因进行快速、敏感和特异检测。方法首先,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件,针对棘皮动物微管相关蛋白4(EML4)-ALK常见融合变异V1、V2、V3a和V3b设计引物和Taqman水解探针。然后,以包含EML4-ALK融合变异V1、V2、V3a和V3b的假病毒颗粒为研究对象,进一步分析所建立方法的灵敏度、敏感性和特异性。最后,用所建立的方法检测50例非小细胞肺癌临床标本,其中包含3例ALK-荧光原位杂交(FISH)(+)样本。结果在无背景RNA干扰情况下,建立的实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法检测灵敏度高达10拷贝/!l。在500拷贝/!l的野生型背景RNA下,其敏感性达1%,在5000拷贝/!l的野生型背景RNA下,其敏感性达0.5%。对于检测特异性,以正常人白细胞及血浆RNA为研究对象,均未见非特异性扩增。对50例非小细胞肺癌临床标本进行检测,47例阴性标本检测均为阴性,3例ALK-FISH(+)标本2例检测阳性,1例未检出,未检出原因与标本RNA提取失败有关。结论本研究建立的实时荧光定量逆转录PCR方法是一种快速、简便以及具有高灵敏度和特异性的EML4-ALK融合基因检测方法,值得在临床进一步验证和推广。
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFC1003803)of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31871507)to You-Qiang Su。
文摘The generation of a high-quality egg for reproduction requires faithful segregation of chromosome during oocyte meiosis. Here, we report that echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 6(EML6) is highly expressed in oocytes, and responsible for accurate segregation of homologous chromosomes in mice. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that EML6 was predominantly expressed by oocytes in the ovaries. Whole mount immunofluorescent staining showed that EML6 was colocalized with spindle microtubules in oocytes at various stages after meiotic resumption. This specialized localization was disrupted by nocodazole, the microtubule destabilizer, while enhanced by Taxol, a microtubule stabilizing reagent. In vivo knockdown of Eml6 expression by the specific si RNA resulted in chromosome misalignment and alteration in spindle dimension at both metaphase Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages, as well as the increased aneuploidy in the mature oocytes.Thus, these data suggest that EML family proteins participate in the control of oocyte meiotic division.
