As a critical component for the realization of flexible electronics,multifunctional electronic textiles(etextiles)still struggle to achieve controllable printing accuracy,excellent flexibility,decent washability and s...As a critical component for the realization of flexible electronics,multifunctional electronic textiles(etextiles)still struggle to achieve controllable printing accuracy,excellent flexibility,decent washability and simple manufacturing.The printing process of conductive ink plays an important role in manufacturing e-textiles and meanwhile is also the main source of printing defects.In this work,we report the preparation of fully flexible and washable textile-based conductive circuits with screen-printing method based on novel-developed UV-curing conductive ink that contains low temperature and fast cure features.This work systematically investigated the correlation between ink formulation,rheological properties,screen printability on fabric substrates,and the electrical properties of the e-textile made thereafter.The rheological behaviors,including the thixotropic behavior and oscillatory stress sweep of the conductive inks was found depending heavily on the polymer to diluent ratio in the formulation.Subsequently,the rheological response of the inks during screen printing showed determining influence to their printability on textile,that the proper control of ink base viscosity,recovery time and storage/loss modulus is key to ensure the uniformity of printed conductive lines and therefore the electrical conductivity of fabricated e-textiles.A formulation with 24 wt%polymer and 10.8 wt%diluent meets all these stringent requirements.The conductive lines with 1.0 mm width showed exceptionally low resistivity of 2.06×10^(-5)Ωcm Moreover,the conductive lines presented excellent bending tolerance,and there was no significant change in the sample electrical resistance during 10 cycles of washing and drying processes.It is believed that these novel findings and the promising results of the prepared product will provide the basic guideline to the ink formulation design and applications for screen-printing electronics textiles.展开更多
With the increasing popularity of wearable electronic devices,there is an urgent demand to develop electronic textiles(e-textiles)for device fabrication.Nevertheless,the difficulty in reconciliation between conductivi...With the increasing popularity of wearable electronic devices,there is an urgent demand to develop electronic textiles(e-textiles)for device fabrication.Nevertheless,the difficulty in reconciliation between conductivity and manufacturing costs hinders their large-scale practical applications.Herein,we reported a facile and economic method for preparing conductive e-textiles.Specifically,nonconductive polypropylene(PP)was wrapped by reduced graphene oxide(rGO),followed by the electrodeposition of Ni nanoparticles(NPs).Notably,modulating the sheet size of graphene oxide(GO)resulted in controllable deposition of Ni NPs with adjustable size,allowing for controlled manipulations over the structures,morphologies,and conductivity of the obtained e-textiles,which influenced their performance in electrochemical glucose detection subsequently.The optimal material,denoted as Ni/rGO+(0.2)/PP,exhibited an impressive conductivity of 7.94×10^(4)S·m^(−1).With regard to the excellent conductivity of the as-prepared e-textiles and the high electrocatalytic activity of Ni for glucose oxidation,the asprepared e-textiles were subjected to glucose detection.It was worth emphasizing that the Ni/rGO_(0.2)/PP-based electrode demonstrated promising performance for nonenzymatic/label-free glucose detection,with a detection limit of 0.36μM and a linear response range of 0.5μM to 1 mM.This study paves the way for further development and application prospects of conductive etextiles.展开更多
Wearable electronic textiles(e-textiles)with embedded electronics offer promising solutions for unobtrusive,real-time health monitoring,enhancing healthcare efficiency.However,their adoption is limited by performance ...Wearable electronic textiles(e-textiles)with embedded electronics offer promising solutions for unobtrusive,real-time health monitoring,enhancing healthcare efficiency.However,their adoption is limited by performance and sustainability challenges in materials,manufacturing,and recycling.This study introduces a sustainable paradigm for the fabrication of fully inkjet-printed Smart,Wearable,and Eco-friendly Electronic Textiles(SWEET)with the first comprehensive assessments of the biodegradability and life cycle assessment(LCA).SWEET addresses existing limitations,enabling concurrent and continuous monitoring of human physiology,including skin surface temperature(at temperature coefficient of resistance,TCR value of~-4.4%℃^(-1))and heart rate(-74 beats per minute,bpm)separately and simultaneously like the industry gold standard,using consistent,versatile,and highly efficient inkjet-printed graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)-based wearable e-textiles.Demonstrations with a wearable garment on five human participants confirm the system’s capability to monitor their electrocardiogram(ECG)signals and skin temperature.Such sustainable and biodegradable e-textiles decompose by-48%in weight and lost-98%strength over 4months.Life cycle assessment(LCA)reveals that the graphene-based electrode has the lowest climate change impact of-0.037 kg CO_(2) eq,40 times lower than reference electrodes.This approach addresses material and manufacturing challenges,while aligning with environmental responsibility,marking a significant leap forward in sustainable e-textile technology for personalized healthcare management.展开更多
Achieving flexible electronics with comfort and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits of smart wearables.Ink printing is desirable for e-textile development using a simple and i...Achieving flexible electronics with comfort and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits of smart wearables.Ink printing is desirable for e-textile development using a simple and inexpensive process.However,fabricating high-performance atop textiles with good dispersity,stability,biocompatibility,and wearability for high-resolution,large-scale manufacturing,and practical applications has remained challenging.Here,waterbased multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)-decorated liquid metal(LM)inks are proposed with carbonaceous gallium–indium micro-nanostructure.With the assistance of biopolymers,the sodium alginate-encapsulated LM droplets contain high carboxyl groups which non-covalently crosslink with silk sericin-mediated MWCNTs.E-textile can be prepared subsequently via printing technique and natural waterproof triboelectric coating,enabling good flexibility,hydrophilicity,breathability,wearability,biocompatibility,conductivity,stability,and excellent versatility,without any artificial chemicals.The obtained e-textile can be used in various applications with designable patterns and circuits.Multi-sensing applications of recognizing complex human motions,breathing,phonation,and pressure distribution are demonstrated with repeatable and reliable signals.Self-powered and energy-harvesting capabilities are also presented by driving electronic devices and lighting LEDs.As proof of concept,this work provides new opportunities in a scalable and sustainable way to develop novel wearable electronics and smart clothing for future commercial applications.展开更多
Wearable triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a transformative technology for converting low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical power,offering promising applications in electronic skins,human-ma...Wearable triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a transformative technology for converting low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical power,offering promising applications in electronic skins,human-machine interfaces,and advanced healthcare systems.However,achieving structural robustness and multifunctionality in thermal regulation remains a persistent challenge for TENG-based skin electronics.This deficiency compromises the charge transfer efficiency and diminishes user comfort during prolonged wear.This study introduces a novel thermally regulating triboelectric nanogenerator(TR-TENG)in the form of a bilayer electronic textile(e-textile)fabricated through a semi-bonding assembly approach.The e-textile comprises two distinct layers:nonwoven styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene(SEBS)textiles loaded with highly reflective and electronegative polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene(PVDF-TrFE)nanoparticles(NPs)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)fibers embedded with emissive and electropositive SiO_(2) NPs.These layers are merged via hotpress needle punching,creating a flexible,permeable yet robust interface capable of dual functionalities—enhanced solar reflection and efficient infrared emission—while maintaining stable triboelectric performance.When utilized as a skinattachable self-powered motion sensor,this e-textile provides a remarkable passive radiative cooling effect and high-fidelity recognition of both high-frequency and subtle motions(swallowing,running,breathing,etc.).This TR-TENG e-textile presents a breakthrough in self-powered and comfortable electronics for next-generation healthcare technologies.展开更多
Recently, soft and stretchable strain sensors that can be incorporated into textiles have attracted significantly increasing interest for use in a diverse range of applications. However, the simple fabrication of stre...Recently, soft and stretchable strain sensors that can be incorporated into textiles have attracted significantly increasing interest for use in a diverse range of applications. However, the simple fabrication of stretchable devices that exhibit excellent sensing performance, are highly durability and are a good fit to the human body remains a challenge. Herein, we describe the fabrication of a new flexible strain sensor on a traditional polyester fabric using a one-step method that involves the reduction of graphene oxide(GO) using ascorbic acid(L-AA). The resulting textile-based strain sensors could be washed, exhibited long-term stability,and had a negative linear response that gave a good sensing response when used in wearable applications. In addition to effectively detecting human motions, the textile was modified such that it could detect ultra-large deformations. The impressive mechanical performance, durability and the ability to capture and monitor a variety of human actions and motions mean that these textile-based sensors have great potential in biomonitoring, soft co-robotics, and human-machine interactions.展开更多
Limitations of current electronic textiles(e-textiles),including poor washability,instability,and inferior sensing capability,are concerns hindering their broad and practical applications in personal health care manag...Limitations of current electronic textiles(e-textiles),including poor washability,instability,and inferior sensing capability,are concerns hindering their broad and practical applications in personal health care management,virtual games,sports,and more.Here,we report an RGO/PANI e-textile via alternative coatings of in situ reduced graphene oxides(RGO)and in situ polymerized polyaniline(PANI),establishing a laminated structure on a knitted textile substrate.As a result of an in situ lamination strategy,our e-textile exhibits excellent breathability(1428 mm s^(-1),greater than that of bare cotton fabric)and outstanding sensitivity(gage factor of 39.7)over a wide strain range(~0.0625–200%).Importantly,we observed exceptional sensing durability even after severe mechanical disturbance of stretching,bending,or twisting(>1500 cycles)and daily machine washes.Detailed analysis revealed that our proposed in situ lamination approach enabled the physical and chemical interactions between sensing active materials and the textile substrate.Furthermore,the electromechanical behavior of our RGO/PANI e-textile was thoroughly analyzed based on an equivalent electrical circuit,which agreed well with the experi-mental data.Example applications of the e-textile were demonstrated for personal health care management,including body motion monitoring,emotional sensing,and flatfoot gait correction.The RGO/PANI e-textile presented in this study holds significant implications for the evolution of health care applications utilizing smart e-textiles.展开更多
Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conduct...Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now;however,it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner.In this paper,a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported.The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning,and they shrink isotropically by~35-40%in area after being detached from the substrate.The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to~170%,and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60%strain,which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors.The conductor possesses high stability,no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching.Moreover,the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of~850 g m−2 day−1,which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions,indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin.The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography(EMG)electrodes,showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.展开更多
Flexible ionotronic devices have great potential to revolutionize epidermal electronics.However,the lack of breathability in most ionotronic devices is a significance barrier to practical application.Herein,a breathab...Flexible ionotronic devices have great potential to revolutionize epidermal electronics.However,the lack of breathability in most ionotronic devices is a significance barrier to practical application.Herein,a breathable kirigami-shaped ionotronic e-textile with two functions of sensing(touch and strain)is designed,by integrating silk fabric and kirigami-shaped ionic hydrogel.The kirigami-shaped ionic hydrogel,combined with fluffy silk fabric,allows the ionotronic e-textile to achieve excellent breathability and comfortability.Furthermore,the fabricated ionotronic e-textile can precisely perform the function of touch sensing and strain perception.For touch-sensing,the ionotronic e-textile can detect the position of finger touching point with a fast response time(3 ms)based on the interruption of the ion field.For strain sensing,large workable strain range(>100%),inconspicuous drift(<0.78%)and long-term stability(>10,000 cycles)is demonstrated.On the proof of concept,a fabric keyboard and game controlling sleeve have been designed to display touch and strain sensing functions.The ionotronic e-textile break through the bottlenecks of traditional wearable ionotronic devices,suggesting a great promising application in future wearable epidermal electronics.展开更多
The development of strain sensors with both superior sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)>100)and broad strain-sensing range(>50%strain)is still a grand challenge.Materials,which demonstrate significant structural defor...The development of strain sensors with both superior sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)>100)and broad strain-sensing range(>50%strain)is still a grand challenge.Materials,which demonstrate significant structural deformation under microscale motion,are required to offer high sensitivity.Structural connection of materials upon large-scale motion is demanded to widen strainsensing range.However,it is hard to achieve both features simultaneously.Herein,we design a crepe roll structure-inspired textile yarn-based strain sensor with one-dimensional(1D)-two-dimensional(2D)nanohybrid strain-sensing sheath,which possesses superior stretchability.This ultrastretchable strain sensor exhibits a wide and stable strain-sensing range from microscale to large-scale(0.01%–125%),and superior sensitivity(GF of 139.6 and 198.8 at 0.01%and 125%,respectively)simultaneously.The strain sensor is structurally constructed by a superelastic 1D-structured core elastomer polyurethane yarn(PUY),a novel high conductive crepe roll-structured(CRS)1D-2D nanohybrid multilayer sheath which assembled by 1D nanomaterials silver nanowires(AgNWs)working as bridges to connect adjacent layers and 2D nanomaterials graphene nanoplates(GNPs)offering brittle lamellar structure,and a thin polydopamine(PDA)wrapping layer providing protection in exterior environment.During the stretching/deformation process,microcracks originate and propagate in the GNPs lamellar structure enable resistance to change significantly,while AgNWs bridge adjacent GNPs to accommodate applied stress partially and boost strain.The 1D crepe roll structure-inspired strain sensor demonstrates multifunctionality in multiscale deformative motion detection,such as respiratory motions of Sprague–Dawleyw rat,flexible digital display,and proprioception of multi-joint finger bending and antagonistic flexion/extension motions of its flexible continuum body.展开更多
Wearable electronics on fibers or fabrics assembled with electronic functions provide a platform for sensors,displays,circuitry,and computation.These new conceptual devices are human-friendly and programmable,which ma...Wearable electronics on fibers or fabrics assembled with electronic functions provide a platform for sensors,displays,circuitry,and computation.These new conceptual devices are human-friendly and programmable,which makes them indis-pensable for modern electronics.Their unique properties such as being adaptable in daily life,as well as being lightweight and flexible,have enabled many promising applications in robotics,healthcare,and the Internet of Things(IoT).Transistors,one of the fundamental blocks in electronic systems,allow for signal processing and computing.Therefore,study leading to integration of transistors with fabrics has become intensive.Here,several aspects of fiber-based transistors are addressed,including materials,system structures,and their functional devices such as sensory,logical circuitry,memory devices as well as neuromorphic computation.Recently reported advances in development and challenges to realizing fully integrated electronic textile(e-textile)systems are also discussed.展开更多
Fully inorganic metal halide perovskites(MHPs)demonstrate enhanced stability over their organic–inorganic counterparts,however,their integrations into flexible or textile-based substrates remain a significant challen...Fully inorganic metal halide perovskites(MHPs)demonstrate enhanced stability over their organic–inorganic counterparts,however,their integrations into flexible or textile-based substrates remain a significant challenge,due to their inherent rigidity and the necessity of high-temperature annealing.Herein,we propose a one-step and near-room-temperature electrospinning process to fabricate flexible CsPbI_(2)Br nanofibers that can be directly deposited on the yarns.With the in-situ CsPbI_(2)Br crystallization during electrospinning,annealing-free and photoelectroactiveγ-CsPbI_(2)Br can be achieved.Polyvinyl acetate(PVAc)serves as the carrier polymer to offer the flexibility and facilitate the chemical interaction with CsPbI_(2)Br,thereby mitigating moisture and oxygen-induced degradations.CsPbI_(2)Br-PVAc nanofibers obtained under the optimal electrospinning condition:high-electrospinning voltage(25 kV)and low-solution supply rate(0.02 mm/min),show more uniform morphology,increased stability,and extended photoluminescence decay time.These nanofibers enable the construction of photo-sensing yarn devices,capable of generating a photovoltage of around 180 mV and current density of 17 mA/cm^(2)upon illumination by a 532 nm pulsed laser,while maintaining a remarkable ambient stability of 16 days.Given their laserenergy-dependent voltage output,these yarns hold significant potential for developing high-intensity light-detecting textiles for various applications.展开更多
Wearable,textile-based antennas get more and more attention for body-centric communications because it could be easily worn on body and integrated into clothes.Electro-textiles(e-textiles)are used as antenna patch and...Wearable,textile-based antennas get more and more attention for body-centric communications because it could be easily worn on body and integrated into clothes.Electro-textiles(e-textiles)are used as antenna patch and ground plane.The electromagnetic properties of the textiles play important roles in antenna design and performance.This paper focuses on the study of the electromagnetic properties of e-textiles for wearable antennas applications and mainly discusses the electromagnetic properties of e-textile cell and the influences of different woven densities and different e-textile materials to antenna performances.Simulation and measurement results show that if the e-textiles adopt woven pattern,then when the distance between two conductive fibers is within 2 mm,the e-textiles could be regarded as metal plane to design antennas.In addition,the results show that metalplated woven fabric could be used as metal plane to design antennas,while non-woven fabric shows distinct differences.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant number CUSF-DHD-2018026 and 2232019G-02。
文摘As a critical component for the realization of flexible electronics,multifunctional electronic textiles(etextiles)still struggle to achieve controllable printing accuracy,excellent flexibility,decent washability and simple manufacturing.The printing process of conductive ink plays an important role in manufacturing e-textiles and meanwhile is also the main source of printing defects.In this work,we report the preparation of fully flexible and washable textile-based conductive circuits with screen-printing method based on novel-developed UV-curing conductive ink that contains low temperature and fast cure features.This work systematically investigated the correlation between ink formulation,rheological properties,screen printability on fabric substrates,and the electrical properties of the e-textile made thereafter.The rheological behaviors,including the thixotropic behavior and oscillatory stress sweep of the conductive inks was found depending heavily on the polymer to diluent ratio in the formulation.Subsequently,the rheological response of the inks during screen printing showed determining influence to their printability on textile,that the proper control of ink base viscosity,recovery time and storage/loss modulus is key to ensure the uniformity of printed conductive lines and therefore the electrical conductivity of fabricated e-textiles.A formulation with 24 wt%polymer and 10.8 wt%diluent meets all these stringent requirements.The conductive lines with 1.0 mm width showed exceptionally low resistivity of 2.06×10^(-5)Ωcm Moreover,the conductive lines presented excellent bending tolerance,and there was no significant change in the sample electrical resistance during 10 cycles of washing and drying processes.It is believed that these novel findings and the promising results of the prepared product will provide the basic guideline to the ink formulation design and applications for screen-printing electronics textiles.
基金Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology(No.2022KF0013)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province of China(No.623MS068)+1 种基金the PhD Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(No.HSPHDSRF-2023-03-013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279097 and 62001338).
文摘With the increasing popularity of wearable electronic devices,there is an urgent demand to develop electronic textiles(e-textiles)for device fabrication.Nevertheless,the difficulty in reconciliation between conductivity and manufacturing costs hinders their large-scale practical applications.Herein,we reported a facile and economic method for preparing conductive e-textiles.Specifically,nonconductive polypropylene(PP)was wrapped by reduced graphene oxide(rGO),followed by the electrodeposition of Ni nanoparticles(NPs).Notably,modulating the sheet size of graphene oxide(GO)resulted in controllable deposition of Ni NPs with adjustable size,allowing for controlled manipulations over the structures,morphologies,and conductivity of the obtained e-textiles,which influenced their performance in electrochemical glucose detection subsequently.The optimal material,denoted as Ni/rGO+(0.2)/PP,exhibited an impressive conductivity of 7.94×10^(4)S·m^(−1).With regard to the excellent conductivity of the as-prepared e-textiles and the high electrocatalytic activity of Ni for glucose oxidation,the asprepared e-textiles were subjected to glucose detection.It was worth emphasizing that the Ni/rGO_(0.2)/PP-based electrode demonstrated promising performance for nonenzymatic/label-free glucose detection,with a detection limit of 0.36μM and a linear response range of 0.5μM to 1 mM.This study paves the way for further development and application prospects of conductive etextiles.
基金funding from Commonwealth Scholarship Commission(CSC)U.K.for a Ph.D.scholarship for Marzia DulalUKRI Research England the Expanding Excellence in England(E3)grant.
文摘Wearable electronic textiles(e-textiles)with embedded electronics offer promising solutions for unobtrusive,real-time health monitoring,enhancing healthcare efficiency.However,their adoption is limited by performance and sustainability challenges in materials,manufacturing,and recycling.This study introduces a sustainable paradigm for the fabrication of fully inkjet-printed Smart,Wearable,and Eco-friendly Electronic Textiles(SWEET)with the first comprehensive assessments of the biodegradability and life cycle assessment(LCA).SWEET addresses existing limitations,enabling concurrent and continuous monitoring of human physiology,including skin surface temperature(at temperature coefficient of resistance,TCR value of~-4.4%℃^(-1))and heart rate(-74 beats per minute,bpm)separately and simultaneously like the industry gold standard,using consistent,versatile,and highly efficient inkjet-printed graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)-based wearable e-textiles.Demonstrations with a wearable garment on five human participants confirm the system’s capability to monitor their electrocardiogram(ECG)signals and skin temperature.Such sustainable and biodegradable e-textiles decompose by-48%in weight and lost-98%strength over 4months.Life cycle assessment(LCA)reveals that the graphene-based electrode has the lowest climate change impact of-0.037 kg CO_(2) eq,40 times lower than reference electrodes.This approach addresses material and manufacturing challenges,while aligning with environmental responsibility,marking a significant leap forward in sustainable e-textile technology for personalized healthcare management.
基金funded by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Project No.1-WZ1Y,1-YXAK,1-W21C).
文摘Achieving flexible electronics with comfort and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits of smart wearables.Ink printing is desirable for e-textile development using a simple and inexpensive process.However,fabricating high-performance atop textiles with good dispersity,stability,biocompatibility,and wearability for high-resolution,large-scale manufacturing,and practical applications has remained challenging.Here,waterbased multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)-decorated liquid metal(LM)inks are proposed with carbonaceous gallium–indium micro-nanostructure.With the assistance of biopolymers,the sodium alginate-encapsulated LM droplets contain high carboxyl groups which non-covalently crosslink with silk sericin-mediated MWCNTs.E-textile can be prepared subsequently via printing technique and natural waterproof triboelectric coating,enabling good flexibility,hydrophilicity,breathability,wearability,biocompatibility,conductivity,stability,and excellent versatility,without any artificial chemicals.The obtained e-textile can be used in various applications with designable patterns and circuits.Multi-sensing applications of recognizing complex human motions,breathing,phonation,and pressure distribution are demonstrated with repeatable and reliable signals.Self-powered and energy-harvesting capabilities are also presented by driving electronic devices and lighting LEDs.As proof of concept,this work provides new opportunities in a scalable and sustainable way to develop novel wearable electronics and smart clothing for future commercial applications.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,52373079,Yunpeng Huang,52161135302,Yunpeng HuangNatural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,BK20221540,Yunpeng HuangState Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,KF2512,Yunpeng Huang.
文摘Wearable triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a transformative technology for converting low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical power,offering promising applications in electronic skins,human-machine interfaces,and advanced healthcare systems.However,achieving structural robustness and multifunctionality in thermal regulation remains a persistent challenge for TENG-based skin electronics.This deficiency compromises the charge transfer efficiency and diminishes user comfort during prolonged wear.This study introduces a novel thermally regulating triboelectric nanogenerator(TR-TENG)in the form of a bilayer electronic textile(e-textile)fabricated through a semi-bonding assembly approach.The e-textile comprises two distinct layers:nonwoven styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene(SEBS)textiles loaded with highly reflective and electronegative polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene(PVDF-TrFE)nanoparticles(NPs)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)fibers embedded with emissive and electropositive SiO_(2) NPs.These layers are merged via hotpress needle punching,creating a flexible,permeable yet robust interface capable of dual functionalities—enhanced solar reflection and efficient infrared emission—while maintaining stable triboelectric performance.When utilized as a skinattachable self-powered motion sensor,this e-textile provides a remarkable passive radiative cooling effect and high-fidelity recognition of both high-frequency and subtle motions(swallowing,running,breathing,etc.).This TR-TENG e-textile presents a breakthrough in self-powered and comfortable electronics for next-generation healthcare technologies.
基金supported by the National Science Funds for Excellent Young Scholars of China (Grant No. 61822106)National Science Funds for Creative Research Groups of China (Grant No. 61421002)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61671115)。
文摘Recently, soft and stretchable strain sensors that can be incorporated into textiles have attracted significantly increasing interest for use in a diverse range of applications. However, the simple fabrication of stretchable devices that exhibit excellent sensing performance, are highly durability and are a good fit to the human body remains a challenge. Herein, we describe the fabrication of a new flexible strain sensor on a traditional polyester fabric using a one-step method that involves the reduction of graphene oxide(GO) using ascorbic acid(L-AA). The resulting textile-based strain sensors could be washed, exhibited long-term stability,and had a negative linear response that gave a good sensing response when used in wearable applications. In addition to effectively detecting human motions, the textile was modified such that it could detect ultra-large deformations. The impressive mechanical performance, durability and the ability to capture and monitor a variety of human actions and motions mean that these textile-based sensors have great potential in biomonitoring, soft co-robotics, and human-machine interactions.
基金supported by the Public Welfare Project of Zhejiang Province(LGF21E030005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 51803185)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(22202301-Y)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province(QJRZ2214)the China Scholarships Council for the overseas scholarship(202008330177).
文摘Limitations of current electronic textiles(e-textiles),including poor washability,instability,and inferior sensing capability,are concerns hindering their broad and practical applications in personal health care management,virtual games,sports,and more.Here,we report an RGO/PANI e-textile via alternative coatings of in situ reduced graphene oxides(RGO)and in situ polymerized polyaniline(PANI),establishing a laminated structure on a knitted textile substrate.As a result of an in situ lamination strategy,our e-textile exhibits excellent breathability(1428 mm s^(-1),greater than that of bare cotton fabric)and outstanding sensitivity(gage factor of 39.7)over a wide strain range(~0.0625–200%).Importantly,we observed exceptional sensing durability even after severe mechanical disturbance of stretching,bending,or twisting(>1500 cycles)and daily machine washes.Detailed analysis revealed that our proposed in situ lamination approach enabled the physical and chemical interactions between sensing active materials and the textile substrate.Furthermore,the electromechanical behavior of our RGO/PANI e-textile was thoroughly analyzed based on an equivalent electrical circuit,which agreed well with the experi-mental data.Example applications of the e-textile were demonstrated for personal health care management,including body motion monitoring,emotional sensing,and flatfoot gait correction.The RGO/PANI e-textile presented in this study holds significant implications for the evolution of health care applications utilizing smart e-textiles.
基金supported by the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682987)the NSFC-Shenzhen Robotics Basic Research Center Program(U2013207)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1913601,81927804,62003331)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313065)the National Key Research and Development Project,MOST(2020YFC2005803).
文摘Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now;however,it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner.In this paper,a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported.The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning,and they shrink isotropically by~35-40%in area after being detached from the substrate.The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to~170%,and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60%strain,which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors.The conductor possesses high stability,no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching.Moreover,the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of~850 g m−2 day−1,which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions,indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin.The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography(EMG)electrodes,showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.
基金This work was supported by the Shandong Province Key Research and Development Plan(2019JZZY010335,2019JZZY010340)Anhui Province Special Science and Technology Project(201903a05020028)Shandong Provincial Universities Youth Innovation Technology Plan Team(2020KJA013).
文摘Flexible ionotronic devices have great potential to revolutionize epidermal electronics.However,the lack of breathability in most ionotronic devices is a significance barrier to practical application.Herein,a breathable kirigami-shaped ionotronic e-textile with two functions of sensing(touch and strain)is designed,by integrating silk fabric and kirigami-shaped ionic hydrogel.The kirigami-shaped ionic hydrogel,combined with fluffy silk fabric,allows the ionotronic e-textile to achieve excellent breathability and comfortability.Furthermore,the fabricated ionotronic e-textile can precisely perform the function of touch sensing and strain perception.For touch-sensing,the ionotronic e-textile can detect the position of finger touching point with a fast response time(3 ms)based on the interruption of the ion field.For strain sensing,large workable strain range(>100%),inconspicuous drift(<0.78%)and long-term stability(>10,000 cycles)is demonstrated.On the proof of concept,a fabric keyboard and game controlling sleeve have been designed to display touch and strain sensing functions.The ionotronic e-textile break through the bottlenecks of traditional wearable ionotronic devices,suggesting a great promising application in future wearable epidermal electronics.
基金the TBRS grant from the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government(T42-717/20-R)the City University research grant(CityU11206818).
文摘The development of strain sensors with both superior sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)>100)and broad strain-sensing range(>50%strain)is still a grand challenge.Materials,which demonstrate significant structural deformation under microscale motion,are required to offer high sensitivity.Structural connection of materials upon large-scale motion is demanded to widen strainsensing range.However,it is hard to achieve both features simultaneously.Herein,we design a crepe roll structure-inspired textile yarn-based strain sensor with one-dimensional(1D)-two-dimensional(2D)nanohybrid strain-sensing sheath,which possesses superior stretchability.This ultrastretchable strain sensor exhibits a wide and stable strain-sensing range from microscale to large-scale(0.01%–125%),and superior sensitivity(GF of 139.6 and 198.8 at 0.01%and 125%,respectively)simultaneously.The strain sensor is structurally constructed by a superelastic 1D-structured core elastomer polyurethane yarn(PUY),a novel high conductive crepe roll-structured(CRS)1D-2D nanohybrid multilayer sheath which assembled by 1D nanomaterials silver nanowires(AgNWs)working as bridges to connect adjacent layers and 2D nanomaterials graphene nanoplates(GNPs)offering brittle lamellar structure,and a thin polydopamine(PDA)wrapping layer providing protection in exterior environment.During the stretching/deformation process,microcracks originate and propagate in the GNPs lamellar structure enable resistance to change significantly,while AgNWs bridge adjacent GNPs to accommodate applied stress partially and boost strain.The 1D crepe roll structure-inspired strain sensor demonstrates multifunctionality in multiscale deformative motion detection,such as respiratory motions of Sprague–Dawleyw rat,flexible digital display,and proprioception of multi-joint finger bending and antagonistic flexion/extension motions of its flexible continuum body.
基金This work was supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 2(Nos.MOE2019-T2-2-127 and MOE-T2EP50120-0002),A*STAR under AME IRG(No.A2083c0062)the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 1(Nos.RG90/19 and RG73/19)the Singapore National Research Foundation Competitive Research Program(No.NRF-CRP18-2017-02)。
文摘Wearable electronics on fibers or fabrics assembled with electronic functions provide a platform for sensors,displays,circuitry,and computation.These new conceptual devices are human-friendly and programmable,which makes them indis-pensable for modern electronics.Their unique properties such as being adaptable in daily life,as well as being lightweight and flexible,have enabled many promising applications in robotics,healthcare,and the Internet of Things(IoT).Transistors,one of the fundamental blocks in electronic systems,allow for signal processing and computing.Therefore,study leading to integration of transistors with fabrics has become intensive.Here,several aspects of fiber-based transistors are addressed,including materials,system structures,and their functional devices such as sensory,logical circuitry,memory devices as well as neuromorphic computation.Recently reported advances in development and challenges to realizing fully integrated electronic textile(e-textile)systems are also discussed.
文摘Fully inorganic metal halide perovskites(MHPs)demonstrate enhanced stability over their organic–inorganic counterparts,however,their integrations into flexible or textile-based substrates remain a significant challenge,due to their inherent rigidity and the necessity of high-temperature annealing.Herein,we propose a one-step and near-room-temperature electrospinning process to fabricate flexible CsPbI_(2)Br nanofibers that can be directly deposited on the yarns.With the in-situ CsPbI_(2)Br crystallization during electrospinning,annealing-free and photoelectroactiveγ-CsPbI_(2)Br can be achieved.Polyvinyl acetate(PVAc)serves as the carrier polymer to offer the flexibility and facilitate the chemical interaction with CsPbI_(2)Br,thereby mitigating moisture and oxygen-induced degradations.CsPbI_(2)Br-PVAc nanofibers obtained under the optimal electrospinning condition:high-electrospinning voltage(25 kV)and low-solution supply rate(0.02 mm/min),show more uniform morphology,increased stability,and extended photoluminescence decay time.These nanofibers enable the construction of photo-sensing yarn devices,capable of generating a photovoltage of around 180 mV and current density of 17 mA/cm^(2)upon illumination by a 532 nm pulsed laser,while maintaining a remarkable ambient stability of 16 days.Given their laserenergy-dependent voltage output,these yarns hold significant potential for developing high-intensity light-detecting textiles for various applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61072136)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.200700130046).
文摘Wearable,textile-based antennas get more and more attention for body-centric communications because it could be easily worn on body and integrated into clothes.Electro-textiles(e-textiles)are used as antenna patch and ground plane.The electromagnetic properties of the textiles play important roles in antenna design and performance.This paper focuses on the study of the electromagnetic properties of e-textiles for wearable antennas applications and mainly discusses the electromagnetic properties of e-textile cell and the influences of different woven densities and different e-textile materials to antenna performances.Simulation and measurement results show that if the e-textiles adopt woven pattern,then when the distance between two conductive fibers is within 2 mm,the e-textiles could be regarded as metal plane to design antennas.In addition,the results show that metalplated woven fabric could be used as metal plane to design antennas,while non-woven fabric shows distinct differences.
