This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes,Cibacron Green H3G(CG-H3G)and Terasil Red(TR),in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of t...This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes,Cibacron Green H3G(CG-H3G)and Terasil Red(TR),in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of two dyes(TR+CG-H3G).The Cockle Shell(CS)was used as a natural bio-adsorbent.The characterizations of CS were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET).The adsorption potential of Cockle Shells was tested in two cases(single and binary system)and determined by:contact time(0–60 min),bio-adsorption dose(3–15 g/L),initial concentration(10–300 mg/L),temperature(22–61°C)and pH solution(2–12).The study of bio-adsorption(equilibrium and kinetics)was conducted at 22°C.The kinetic studies demon-strated that a pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism had a good correlation coefficient(R2≥0.999).The Langmuir isotherm modeling provided a well-defined description of TR and CG-H3G bio-adsorption on cockle shells,exhibiting maximum capacities of 29.41 and 3.69 mg/g respectively at 22°C.The thermodynamic study shows that the reaction between the TR,CG-H3G dyes molecules and the bio-adsorbent is exothermic,spontaneous in the range of 22–31°C with the aleatory character decrease at the solid-liquid interface.The study of selectivity in single and binary systems has been performed under optimal operating conditions using the industrial textile rejection pH(pH=6.04).CG-H3G dye is found to have a higher selectivity than TR in single(0–60 min)and binary systems with a range of 6–45 min,as shown by the selectivity measurement.It was discovered that CS has the capability to remove both CG-H3G and TR dyes in both simple and binary systems,making it a superior bio-adsorbent.展开更多
In this study,layered chitosan-based magnetic nickel ferrite NiFe_(2)O_(4)/chitosan(CS-LDO)composites were synthesized.The results show that under optimal conditions,98%of methylene blue(MB)and 92%of xylenol orange(XO...In this study,layered chitosan-based magnetic nickel ferrite NiFe_(2)O_(4)/chitosan(CS-LDO)composites were synthesized.The results show that under optimal conditions,98%of methylene blue(MB)and 92%of xylenol orange(XO)can be simultaneously degraded within 120 min in the CS-LDO/persulfate(PS)system,and the removal rates of total organic carbon(TOC)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)can reach 67.32%and 74.23%,respectively.In addition,the strong magnetism of the material itself and multiple cycle experiments indicate that CS-LDO has good recyclability and reusability.The results of quenching experiments,electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)and electrochemical characterization tests demonstrate that the degradation occurred via both radical and non-radical mechanisms.The differing types of reactive oxygen species(ROS)acting and the different electrostatic attraction between the materials and the two dyes lead to a significant difference in the removal effect of two dyes.The degradation mechanism is the redox reaction between Ni^(2+)/Ni^(3+),Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)and the synergistic effect of Ni^(3+)/Fe^(2+).Finally,the biotoxicity assessment demonstrated that both the degradation intermediates of mixed dyes and the material itself exhibited low biotoxicity.展开更多
Dye-based color films are increasingly considered as viable alternatives to pigment-based color films in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) image sensors.Herein,a series of azo dyes utilizing 5-methyl-2-phe...Dye-based color films are increasingly considered as viable alternatives to pigment-based color films in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) image sensors.Herein,a series of azo dyes utilizing 5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-(2-phenylhydrazono)-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one as the coupling component and aromatic amines with various electron-withdrawing groups(NO_(2),CN,Br) as diazo components were designed and synthesized.The presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atom on the N-H group and the oxygen atom of the C=O group of the hydrazo structure facilitates the formation of a stable six-membered ring.Additionally,the electron-withdrawing groups in the diazo component further stabilize this hydrogen-bonded structure.As a result,these azo dyes(P-2,P-3,P-4,P-5)exhibit not only excellent light stability but also ultra-highly thermal stability(T_(d)> 260℃).Therein,the synthesized dyes P-2 and P-3 with great bright yellow color(~400 nm),proper solubility(~6.00g/100 g)were selected to make for color films.And their dye-based color films displayed ultra-highly thermal and light stability(color difference ΔE<3).Notably,the increased planarity of the molecular structure by hydrogen bonding for the novel dyes ensures a balance between high transmittance(>90%) in the 550-780 nm wavelength range and the solvent resistance of the dye-based color films.This work contributes to the advancement of next-generation smart CMOS devices and offers valuable insights into the design of azo dyes for applications in the field of organic electronics.展开更多
Organic small molecule fluorophores have been widely used in biology and biochemistry to study cellular structures and processes at high spatial and temporal resolution.Small-molecule dyes offer various benefits,such ...Organic small molecule fluorophores have been widely used in biology and biochemistry to study cellular structures and processes at high spatial and temporal resolution.Small-molecule dyes offer various benefits,such as high photostability,low molecular weight,and great biocompatibility.However,the poor brightness of most of conventional dyes in biological environments limits their use in high-quality superresolution fluorescence imaging.Chemists have conceived and developed many methods to enhance the brightness of fluorophores,including structural alterations that raise extinction coefficients and quantum yields.This review outlines current attempts and substantial advances achieved by chemists to improve the brightness of organic small-molecule fluorescent dyes,such as scaffold rigidification and twisted intramolecular charge transfer(TICT)inhibition.We think that this review will help researchers understand the chemical mechanisms involved in increasing the brightness of fluorophores for biological applications.展开更多
In this study,Opuntia ficus-indica cladode powder(OFIC),locally sourced from Rabta in Tunis,was utilized as a novel,eco-friendly adsorbent in both raw and iron(III)chloride-modified forms.The presence of iron in the m...In this study,Opuntia ficus-indica cladode powder(OFIC),locally sourced from Rabta in Tunis,was utilized as a novel,eco-friendly adsorbent in both raw and iron(III)chloride-modified forms.The presence of iron in the modified material was confirmed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF).The neat and modified biomass were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and their usefulness as adsorbent for cationic Neutral Red(NR)and anionic Congo Red(CR)dyes were explored under batch conditions.Equilibrium studies revealed that the iron-modified Fe(OH)_(x)@Cellulose adsorbent exhibited superior adsorption capabilities for both dyes compared to the raw material.Moreover,CR dye was more effectively adsorbed by Fe(OH)_(x)@Cellulose than NR.The adsorption isotherms for both dyes were fitted.The results demonstrated that the adsorption of both NR and CR dyes onto the biosorbent Fe(OH)_(x)@Cellulose was closely followed by the Langmuir model,with R^(2) values of 0.980 and 0.973 for NR and CR,respectively,and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better depicted the adsorption kinetic.Thermodynamic analysis revealed a negative enthalpy value(−67.15 kJ/mol)forNR adsorption,suggesting an exothermic process,while a positive enthalpy value(3.99 kJ/mol)was observed for CR adsorption,indicating an endothermic process.展开更多
Bioremediation has gained significant attention due to its potential to remove azo dyes.However,the challenges microor-ganisms face in surviving when azo dyes are the sole carbon source limit its widespread applicatio...Bioremediation has gained significant attention due to its potential to remove azo dyes.However,the challenges microor-ganisms face in surviving when azo dyes are the sole carbon source limit its widespread application.This study aimed to improve the biodegradation of azo dyes by utilizing Baijiu distiller’s grains leachate(BDGL)as a co-substrate.The experimental results demon-strated that BDGL significantly enhanced Providencia rettgeri’s ability to degrade the model pollutant Acid Black 210(AB210),achieving a decolorization efficiency of 94.5%.This may be attributed to the nutrient-rich composition of BDGL,which includes ethanol and protein,providing a favorable substrate for bacterial growth and activity.The higher biomass and increased activities of azoreductase and quinone oxidoreductase in the BDGL group further supported these findings.Additionally,this method demonstra-ted broad-spectrum degradation of azo dyes(Direct Red 5B,Acid Red 73,and Congo Red)with different structures,highlighting its potential applicability.Metabolite assays combined with transcriptomics analyses revealed that the expression of functional genes re-lated to redox reactions,azo bond cleavage,and hydrolysis increased under the co-metabolic conditions of BDGL,resulting in stronger reducing power that further mineralized the dye into smaller metabolites.Our study offers a practical strategy for the simulta-neous treatment of dye-containing wastewater and Baijiu distiller’s grains,with significant environmental and industrial applications.展开更多
In vivo optical imaging has become an invaluable tool for visualizing and moni-toring biological processes in living organisms.A key component of these imaging techniques is the use of fluorescent dyes that can select...In vivo optical imaging has become an invaluable tool for visualizing and moni-toring biological processes in living organisms.A key component of these imaging techniques is the use of fluorescent dyes that can selectively target and label specific tissues or cell types.This review provides an overview of the current state of tissue-seeking dyes for in vivo applications.We discuss the design principles and chemical structures of dyes that have been developed to target various tissues of interest,including tumors,nerves,bones,vasculatures,and other tissues.The review covers the photophysical properties,targeting mechanisms,and in vivo performance of these dyes.Particular emphasis is placed on dyes that have demonstrated clinical translation or have high potential for future clinical use.The review also examines the challenges and considerations in developing effective tissue-seeking dyes,such as achieving high specificity,overcoming biological barriers and minimizing toxicity.Finally,we highlight emerging trends and future directions in the field,including the integration of tissue-seeking dyes with advanced imaging modalities and theranostic applications.Overall,this review provides a focused summary of the current landscape of tissue-seeking dyes and their pivotal role in advancing in vivo optical imaging and its biomedical applications.展开更多
BiVO_(4)porous spheres modified by ZnO were designed and synthesized using a facile two-step method.The resulting ZnO/BiVO_(4)composite catalysts have shown remarkable efficiency as piezoelectric catalysts for degradi...BiVO_(4)porous spheres modified by ZnO were designed and synthesized using a facile two-step method.The resulting ZnO/BiVO_(4)composite catalysts have shown remarkable efficiency as piezoelectric catalysts for degrading Rhodamine B(RhB)unde mechanical vibrations,they exhibit superior activity compared to pure ZnO.The 40wt%ZnO/BiVO_(4)heterojunction composite displayed the highest activity,along with good stability and recyclability.The enhanced piezoelectric catalytic activity can be attributed to the form ation of an I-scheme heterojunction structure,which can effectively inhibit the electron-hole recombination.Furthermore,hole(h+)and superoxide radical(·O_(2)^(-))are proved to be the primary active species.Therefore,ZnO/BiVO_(4)stands as an efficient and stable piezoelectric catalyst with broad potential application in the field of environmental water pollution treatment.展开更多
Focused on the performance promotion of organic small molecular dyes based photothermal agents via non-chemical modification,we found that heat-assisted binding of human serum albumin(HSA)to the dye causes shrinkage o...Focused on the performance promotion of organic small molecular dyes based photothermal agents via non-chemical modification,we found that heat-assisted binding of human serum albumin(HSA)to the dye causes shrinkage of the protein and encapsulate the dye to form nanoparticles.This revolutionizes the photostability of small molecule dyes which further improves their photothermal conversion effi-ciency and tumor ablation performance as photothermal agents significantly.In this work,the obtained photothermal agent named HSA-P2-T could accumulate in tumor and induce 22℃enhancement of the tumor in xenograft models upon ultra-low dose(0.1 W/cm^(2))laser irradiation,which,as far as we know,is the lowest laser dose used in vivo photothermal therapy.Utilizing HSA-P2-T,we realized tumor ablation upon twice intravenous injections of the nanoparticles and four photothermal treatments.展开更多
Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers'extensive attention recently,but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported.Here,we recommended a green a...Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers'extensive attention recently,but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported.Here,we recommended a green and convenient strategy for the fabrication of porous material via aqueous foam templates,which was synergistically stabilized by Codonopsis pilosula(CP)and clay minerals of attapulgite(APT).The characterization results revealed that the APT was modified by organic molecules leached from CP and anchored at the air-water interface,which improved the foam stability significantly.The novel porous material of polyacrylamide/Codonopsis pilosula/attapulgite(PAM/CP/APT)templated from the aqueous foam via a polymerization reaction had excellent adsorption capacity for the cationic dyes methyl violet(MV)and methylene blue(MB),and the adsorption capacity can reach 755.85 mg/g and557.64 mg/g,respectively.More importantly,the adsorption capacity of spent adsorbent material was still over 200 mg/g after being recycled five times through a simple carbonization process,and then it was added to the plant pot,the total biomass was increased by about86.42%.This study provided a green and sustainable pathway for the preparation,application and subsequent processing of porous materials.展开更多
Metallic glasses have received a lot of attention on wastewater treatment due to their unique atomic structure,and the use of metallic glasses as electrodes has produced unexpected electrocatalytic degradation effects...Metallic glasses have received a lot of attention on wastewater treatment due to their unique atomic structure,and the use of metallic glasses as electrodes has produced unexpected electrocatalytic degradation effects for many pollutants through combining with electrochemical technology.However,it still is a formidable challenge to find a metallic glass electrode material with both efficient and clean for the catalytic degradation of pollutants.In this work,the Cu_(55)Zr_(45)metallic glassy ribbons are used as an electrode to degrade azo dyes and show the excellent degradation effect,which can reach 95.6%within 40 min.In the degradation process,almost no additives are produced and Cu_(55)Zr_(45)metallic glassy ribbons have excellent effects under different pH conditions.Meanwhile,it exhibits good stability for degradation efficiency during the 8 cycle degradation tests of the amorphous alloy electrode.When the copper nanoparticles are exposed on the surface of the ribbons,the oxidized copper obtained synergistically produce activated radicals is the primary degradation mechanism,where the auxiliary degradation mechanisms include electron transfer and the promotion of active chlorine.This research develops a new type of electrode material for wastewater treatment,and the economy and high efficiency of Cu55Zr45metallic glass endow it the expandable functional applications.展开更多
To develop efficient sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs),we recently reported doubly concerted companion(DCC)dye XW83 with a wrapped porphyrin sub-dye unit linked to an organic sub-dye unit through a fle...To develop efficient sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs),we recently reported doubly concerted companion(DCC)dye XW83 with a wrapped porphyrin sub-dye unit linked to an organic sub-dye unit through a flexible chain,which exhibits panchromatic absorption and excellent anti-aggregation ability.To further improve the absorption,we herein report XW87 and XW88 by inserting an ethynyl group into the organic sub-dye unit of XW83 near the donor and acceptor,respectively.For the corresponding organic dyes Z3 and Z4,the introduced ethynyl group improves their absorption,but induces aggravated charge recombination,leading to lowered power conversion efficiencies(PCEs).Similar to the organic dyes,the introduced ethynyl group improves the absorption of DCC dyes XW87 and XW88 as well.In addition,the ethynyl group near the acceptor of the organic sub-dye unit can be well protected by the long wrapping chains from the porphyrin unit.As a result,XW88 affords the highest JSC(21.84 mA/cm^(2)),V_(OC)(782 mV)and PCE(12.2%)among the DCC dyes.These results provide an effective method for developing efficient DSSC dyes by inserting an ethynyl group at a suitable position of a DCC dye.展开更多
A new family of fluoroboronated pyridylhydrazinyl aldehyde hydrozone fluorophores named BOPAHs were developed via a simple one-pot two-step reaction from chloro-2-hydrazinylpyridine and aromatic aldehyde derivatives.T...A new family of fluoroboronated pyridylhydrazinyl aldehyde hydrozone fluorophores named BOPAHs were developed via a simple one-pot two-step reaction from chloro-2-hydrazinylpyridine and aromatic aldehyde derivatives.They were well characterized by NMR,HRMS,and X-ray crystal structures.They exhibit main absorption from 400 nm to 600 nm and emission bands from 500 nm to 700 nm.The absorption/emission bands redshift with increased polarity of solvents indicate a distinct intramolecular charge transfer characteristic,further confirmed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.These BOPAHs display weak fluorescence in solutions,but they exhibit obvious aggregation-induced emission properties,possibly resulting from weak intermolecular interactions by fixing the molecular conformations in aggregate states.展开更多
Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water pollution.This research...Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water pollution.This research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic dyes.This study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content,antioxidants,and antibacterial activity.In addition,Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry(Py-GCMS)analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of tannin.The effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against four bacteria that are usually found on human skin:Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis,Propionibacterium acnes,and Staphylococcus aureus.Extraction temperature significantly influences the chemical composition of tannin,which leads to different antioxidant properties.The maximum antibacterial properties of tannin were obtained at 90℃with the inhibition zone in the range of 0.9–1.0 mm against four bacteria,tannin yield of 26.59%,Gallic Acid Equivalents or total phenolic content(GAE)of 40.30 mg/g,and Radical Scavenging Activity or antioxidant activity(RSA)of 89.88%.Moreover,the concentration of tannin was significantly linear with its antibacterial properties.Tannin was successfully applied to the textile by using alum as a mordanting agent to create an antibacterial textile.The textile’s bacterial structure damage was analyzed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM).After 50 washings,tannin-textiles with alum-modified properties remained stable compared to those without alum,with S.aureus and S.epidermidis being the most vulnerable bacteria,as confirmed by FESEM images.Hence,tannin is a feasible alternative to harmful and nondegradable synthetic dyes and antibacterial agents.展开更多
Bioremediation is an eco-compatible and economical approach to counter textile dye menace. The isolated Lentinus squarrosulus AF5 was assessed for decolourization of textile azo dyes, and had shown ~93%, 88% and 70% d...Bioremediation is an eco-compatible and economical approach to counter textile dye menace. The isolated Lentinus squarrosulus AF5 was assessed for decolourization of textile azo dyes, and had shown ~93%, 88% and 70% decolorization of Reactive blue 160 (RB160), Reactive black 5 (RB5) and Amido black 10B (AB10B) respectively. Further analysis using UV-vis, HPLC, and FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR had shown the degradation of the dyes. Toxicity analysis of the metabolites was performed using seed germination and plant growth on two agriculturally important plants Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) as well as cytotoxicity analysis using the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The dye mix appeared inhibitory for seed germination (20% - 40%), whereas metabolites were non-inhibitory for germination. Treatment of HaCaT cells with of dye mix and metabolites led into 45% and ~100% of cell viability of HaCaT cells respectively. Therefore, metabolites following degradation of the dye mix were observed to be non-toxic.展开更多
4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-sindacene (BODIPY) is a sort of photofunctional dye which possesses advantages including strong light-capturing property, high photon-resistance, etc. Meso-N substituted aza-BODIPY is a...4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-sindacene (BODIPY) is a sort of photofunctional dye which possesses advantages including strong light-capturing property, high photon-resistance, etc. Meso-N substituted aza-BODIPY is a crucial derivative of BODIPY scaffold that has the favorable optical properties and a significant spectral redshift. The photophysical properties can be tuned by molecular design, and the attenuation path of the excited state energy release of absorbed light energy can be well controlled via structural modifications, enabling tailored application. It has been extensively employed in life medicine fields including fluorescence imaging diagnosis, photodynamic therapy photosensitizer and photothermal therapy reagent and so forth. Extensive research and review have been performed in these areas. However, BODIPYs/aza-BODIPYs have a significant role in energy, catalysis, optoelectronics, photo-responsive materials and other fields. Nevertheless, there are relatively few studies and reviews in these fields on the modification and application based on BODIPY/aza-BODIPY scaffold. Herein, in this review we summarized the application of BODIPY/aza-BODIPY in the aforementioned fields, with the molecular regulation of dye as the foundation and the utilization in the above fields as the objective, in the intention of providing inspiration for the exploration of innovative BODIPY/aza-BODIPY research in the field of light resource conversion and functional materials.展开更多
Efficient and convenient treatment of industrial dyeing wastewater is of great significance to guarantee human and animal health.This work presented the enhanced catalytic activity at pH 3.0 of laccase immobilized on ...Efficient and convenient treatment of industrial dyeing wastewater is of great significance to guarantee human and animal health.This work presented the enhanced catalytic activity at pH 3.0 of laccase immobilized on amino-functionalized ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles(ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase)and its application for the degradation of textile dyes.Due to the existence of a large number of oxygen vacancies on the surface of the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles,negative ions accumulated on the magnetic carriers,which resulted in a harsh optimal pH value of the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase.Laccase activity assays revealed that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase possessed superior pH and thermal stabilities,excellent reusability,and noticeable organic solvent tolerance.Meanwhile,the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) laccase presented efficient and sustainable degradation of high concentrations of textile dyes.The initial decoloration efficiencies of malachite green(MG),brilliant green(BG),azophloxine,crystal violet(CV),reactive blue 19(RB19),and procion red MX-5B were approximately 99.1%,95.0%,93.3%,87.4%,86.1%,and 85.3%,respectively.After 10 consecutive reuses,the degradation rates of the textile dyes still maintained about 98.2%,92.5%,83.2%,81.5%,79.8%and 65.9%,respectively.The excellent dye degradation properties indicate that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase has a technical application in high concentrations of dyestuff treatment.展开更多
Direct-Z-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)photocatalyst with giant internal electric field was prepared by onestep aqueous sonication self-assembly method using g-C_(3)N_(4)and MXene of Ti_(3)C_(2)as the source ...Direct-Z-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)photocatalyst with giant internal electric field was prepared by onestep aqueous sonication self-assembly method using g-C_(3)N_(4)and MXene of Ti_(3)C_(2)as the source materials.The chemical composition and structure of the catalysts was characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM,TEM,and XPS.The XPS characterization indicated that Ti_(3)C_(2)was partially oxidized to TiO_(2)during the composite process.As a result,an efficient direct-Z-scheme heterojunction structure consisting of the g-C_(3)N_(4)and TiO_(2)with Ti_(3)C_(2)as an electron bridge was constructed.The photocatalytic performance of the prepared catalysts was evaluated by degrading the Rhodamine B(RhB)wastewater.Compared with the single g-C_(3)N_(4),the g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)composite photocatalyst exhibited efficient and stable photocatalytic degradation ability,with a degradation efficiency as high as 99.2%for RhB under optimal conditions(2%Ti_(3)C_(2),pH=3).The high degradation performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)for RhB was attributed to the combination of Ti_(3)C_(2),TiO_(2),and g-C_(3)N_(4)components,forming a direct-Z-scheme heterojunction with a high-speed electron transport channel structure.The role of Z-scheme heterojunctions in electron transport is verified by photoelectrochemical characterization,along with photoluminescence(PL).Our research provides a simple method to design photocatalysts by constructing direct-Z-scheme electron transport channels for highly efficient treatment of dye wastewater.展开更多
In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries....In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.展开更多
Dye-sensitized solar cells（DSSCs） have attracted significant attention as alternatives to conventional silicon-based solar cells owing to their low-cost production,facile fabrication,excellent stability and high pow...Dye-sensitized solar cells（DSSCs） have attracted significant attention as alternatives to conventional silicon-based solar cells owing to their low-cost production,facile fabrication,excellent stability and high power conversion efficiency（PCE）.The dye molecule is one of the key components in DSSCs since it significant influence on the PCE,charge separation,light-harvesting,as well as the device stability.Among various dyes,easily tunable phenothiazine-based dyes hold a large proportion and achieve impressive photovoltaic performances.This class of dyes not only has superiorly non-planar butterfly structure but also possesses excellent electron donating ability and large π conjugated system.This review summarized recent developments in the phenothiazine dyes,including small molecule phenothiazine dyes,polymer phenothiazine dyes and phenothiazine dyes for co-sensitization,especially focused on the developments and design concepts of small molecule phenothiazine dyes,as well as the correlation between molecular structures and the photovoltaic performances.展开更多
基金supported by the University Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3 (Algeria).
文摘This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes,Cibacron Green H3G(CG-H3G)and Terasil Red(TR),in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of two dyes(TR+CG-H3G).The Cockle Shell(CS)was used as a natural bio-adsorbent.The characterizations of CS were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET).The adsorption potential of Cockle Shells was tested in two cases(single and binary system)and determined by:contact time(0–60 min),bio-adsorption dose(3–15 g/L),initial concentration(10–300 mg/L),temperature(22–61°C)and pH solution(2–12).The study of bio-adsorption(equilibrium and kinetics)was conducted at 22°C.The kinetic studies demon-strated that a pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism had a good correlation coefficient(R2≥0.999).The Langmuir isotherm modeling provided a well-defined description of TR and CG-H3G bio-adsorption on cockle shells,exhibiting maximum capacities of 29.41 and 3.69 mg/g respectively at 22°C.The thermodynamic study shows that the reaction between the TR,CG-H3G dyes molecules and the bio-adsorbent is exothermic,spontaneous in the range of 22–31°C with the aleatory character decrease at the solid-liquid interface.The study of selectivity in single and binary systems has been performed under optimal operating conditions using the industrial textile rejection pH(pH=6.04).CG-H3G dye is found to have a higher selectivity than TR in single(0–60 min)and binary systems with a range of 6–45 min,as shown by the selectivity measurement.It was discovered that CS has the capability to remove both CG-H3G and TR dyes in both simple and binary systems,making it a superior bio-adsorbent.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(No.202103021224083).
文摘In this study,layered chitosan-based magnetic nickel ferrite NiFe_(2)O_(4)/chitosan(CS-LDO)composites were synthesized.The results show that under optimal conditions,98%of methylene blue(MB)and 92%of xylenol orange(XO)can be simultaneously degraded within 120 min in the CS-LDO/persulfate(PS)system,and the removal rates of total organic carbon(TOC)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)can reach 67.32%and 74.23%,respectively.In addition,the strong magnetism of the material itself and multiple cycle experiments indicate that CS-LDO has good recyclability and reusability.The results of quenching experiments,electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)and electrochemical characterization tests demonstrate that the degradation occurred via both radical and non-radical mechanisms.The differing types of reactive oxygen species(ROS)acting and the different electrostatic attraction between the materials and the two dyes lead to a significant difference in the removal effect of two dyes.The degradation mechanism is the redox reaction between Ni^(2+)/Ni^(3+),Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)and the synergistic effect of Ni^(3+)/Fe^(2+).Finally,the biotoxicity assessment demonstrated that both the degradation intermediates of mixed dyes and the material itself exhibited low biotoxicity.
基金supported by the Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22238002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.DUT22LAB610)+1 种基金Research and Innovation Team Project of Dalian University of Technology(No.DUT2022TB10)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M720639)。
文摘Dye-based color films are increasingly considered as viable alternatives to pigment-based color films in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) image sensors.Herein,a series of azo dyes utilizing 5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-(2-phenylhydrazono)-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one as the coupling component and aromatic amines with various electron-withdrawing groups(NO_(2),CN,Br) as diazo components were designed and synthesized.The presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atom on the N-H group and the oxygen atom of the C=O group of the hydrazo structure facilitates the formation of a stable six-membered ring.Additionally,the electron-withdrawing groups in the diazo component further stabilize this hydrogen-bonded structure.As a result,these azo dyes(P-2,P-3,P-4,P-5)exhibit not only excellent light stability but also ultra-highly thermal stability(T_(d)> 260℃).Therein,the synthesized dyes P-2 and P-3 with great bright yellow color(~400 nm),proper solubility(~6.00g/100 g)were selected to make for color films.And their dye-based color films displayed ultra-highly thermal and light stability(color difference ΔE<3).Notably,the increased planarity of the molecular structure by hydrogen bonding for the novel dyes ensures a balance between high transmittance(>90%) in the 550-780 nm wavelength range and the solvent resistance of the dye-based color films.This work contributes to the advancement of next-generation smart CMOS devices and offers valuable insights into the design of azo dyes for applications in the field of organic electronics.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.22325401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22404049)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M750866)。
文摘Organic small molecule fluorophores have been widely used in biology and biochemistry to study cellular structures and processes at high spatial and temporal resolution.Small-molecule dyes offer various benefits,such as high photostability,low molecular weight,and great biocompatibility.However,the poor brightness of most of conventional dyes in biological environments limits their use in high-quality superresolution fluorescence imaging.Chemists have conceived and developed many methods to enhance the brightness of fluorophores,including structural alterations that raise extinction coefficients and quantum yields.This review outlines current attempts and substantial advances achieved by chemists to improve the brightness of organic small-molecule fluorescent dyes,such as scaffold rigidification and twisted intramolecular charge transfer(TICT)inhibition.We think that this review will help researchers understand the chemical mechanisms involved in increasing the brightness of fluorophores for biological applications.
文摘In this study,Opuntia ficus-indica cladode powder(OFIC),locally sourced from Rabta in Tunis,was utilized as a novel,eco-friendly adsorbent in both raw and iron(III)chloride-modified forms.The presence of iron in the modified material was confirmed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF).The neat and modified biomass were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and their usefulness as adsorbent for cationic Neutral Red(NR)and anionic Congo Red(CR)dyes were explored under batch conditions.Equilibrium studies revealed that the iron-modified Fe(OH)_(x)@Cellulose adsorbent exhibited superior adsorption capabilities for both dyes compared to the raw material.Moreover,CR dye was more effectively adsorbed by Fe(OH)_(x)@Cellulose than NR.The adsorption isotherms for both dyes were fitted.The results demonstrated that the adsorption of both NR and CR dyes onto the biosorbent Fe(OH)_(x)@Cellulose was closely followed by the Langmuir model,with R^(2) values of 0.980 and 0.973 for NR and CR,respectively,and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better depicted the adsorption kinetic.Thermodynamic analysis revealed a negative enthalpy value(−67.15 kJ/mol)forNR adsorption,suggesting an exothermic process,while a positive enthalpy value(3.99 kJ/mol)was observed for CR adsorption,indicating an endothermic process.
基金supported by the National Key Re-search and Development Project of China(No.2023YFC3108400).
文摘Bioremediation has gained significant attention due to its potential to remove azo dyes.However,the challenges microor-ganisms face in surviving when azo dyes are the sole carbon source limit its widespread application.This study aimed to improve the biodegradation of azo dyes by utilizing Baijiu distiller’s grains leachate(BDGL)as a co-substrate.The experimental results demon-strated that BDGL significantly enhanced Providencia rettgeri’s ability to degrade the model pollutant Acid Black 210(AB210),achieving a decolorization efficiency of 94.5%.This may be attributed to the nutrient-rich composition of BDGL,which includes ethanol and protein,providing a favorable substrate for bacterial growth and activity.The higher biomass and increased activities of azoreductase and quinone oxidoreductase in the BDGL group further supported these findings.Additionally,this method demonstra-ted broad-spectrum degradation of azo dyes(Direct Red 5B,Acid Red 73,and Congo Red)with different structures,highlighting its potential applicability.Metabolite assays combined with transcriptomics analyses revealed that the expression of functional genes re-lated to redox reactions,azo bond cleavage,and hydrolysis increased under the co-metabolic conditions of BDGL,resulting in stronger reducing power that further mineralized the dye into smaller metabolites.Our study offers a practical strategy for the simulta-neous treatment of dye-containing wastewater and Baijiu distiller’s grains,with significant environmental and industrial applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,22174023,22378072)Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22QA1406700).
文摘In vivo optical imaging has become an invaluable tool for visualizing and moni-toring biological processes in living organisms.A key component of these imaging techniques is the use of fluorescent dyes that can selectively target and label specific tissues or cell types.This review provides an overview of the current state of tissue-seeking dyes for in vivo applications.We discuss the design principles and chemical structures of dyes that have been developed to target various tissues of interest,including tumors,nerves,bones,vasculatures,and other tissues.The review covers the photophysical properties,targeting mechanisms,and in vivo performance of these dyes.Particular emphasis is placed on dyes that have demonstrated clinical translation or have high potential for future clinical use.The review also examines the challenges and considerations in developing effective tissue-seeking dyes,such as achieving high specificity,overcoming biological barriers and minimizing toxicity.Finally,we highlight emerging trends and future directions in the field,including the integration of tissue-seeking dyes with advanced imaging modalities and theranostic applications.Overall,this review provides a focused summary of the current landscape of tissue-seeking dyes and their pivotal role in advancing in vivo optical imaging and its biomedical applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22272151)Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project of Jinhua City,China(No.2023-4-022)。
文摘BiVO_(4)porous spheres modified by ZnO were designed and synthesized using a facile two-step method.The resulting ZnO/BiVO_(4)composite catalysts have shown remarkable efficiency as piezoelectric catalysts for degrading Rhodamine B(RhB)unde mechanical vibrations,they exhibit superior activity compared to pure ZnO.The 40wt%ZnO/BiVO_(4)heterojunction composite displayed the highest activity,along with good stability and recyclability.The enhanced piezoelectric catalytic activity can be attributed to the form ation of an I-scheme heterojunction structure,which can effectively inhibit the electron-hole recombination.Furthermore,hole(h+)and superoxide radical(·O_(2)^(-))are proved to be the primary active species.Therefore,ZnO/BiVO_(4)stands as an efficient and stable piezoelectric catalyst with broad potential application in the field of environmental water pollution treatment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22277069,22074084)Program of the State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Optical Quantum Devices of Shanxi University(No.KF202108).
文摘Focused on the performance promotion of organic small molecular dyes based photothermal agents via non-chemical modification,we found that heat-assisted binding of human serum albumin(HSA)to the dye causes shrinkage of the protein and encapsulate the dye to form nanoparticles.This revolutionizes the photostability of small molecule dyes which further improves their photothermal conversion effi-ciency and tumor ablation performance as photothermal agents significantly.In this work,the obtained photothermal agent named HSA-P2-T could accumulate in tumor and induce 22℃enhancement of the tumor in xenograft models upon ultra-low dose(0.1 W/cm^(2))laser irradiation,which,as far as we know,is the lowest laser dose used in vivo photothermal therapy.Utilizing HSA-P2-T,we realized tumor ablation upon twice intravenous injections of the nanoparticles and four photothermal treatments.
基金supported by the Major Special Projects of Gansu,China (No.21ZD2JA002)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu,China (Nos.20JR5RA564 and 20JR5RA562)。
文摘Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers'extensive attention recently,but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported.Here,we recommended a green and convenient strategy for the fabrication of porous material via aqueous foam templates,which was synergistically stabilized by Codonopsis pilosula(CP)and clay minerals of attapulgite(APT).The characterization results revealed that the APT was modified by organic molecules leached from CP and anchored at the air-water interface,which improved the foam stability significantly.The novel porous material of polyacrylamide/Codonopsis pilosula/attapulgite(PAM/CP/APT)templated from the aqueous foam via a polymerization reaction had excellent adsorption capacity for the cationic dyes methyl violet(MV)and methylene blue(MB),and the adsorption capacity can reach 755.85 mg/g and557.64 mg/g,respectively.More importantly,the adsorption capacity of spent adsorbent material was still over 200 mg/g after being recycled five times through a simple carbonization process,and then it was added to the plant pot,the total biomass was increased by about86.42%.This study provided a green and sustainable pathway for the preparation,application and subsequent processing of porous materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51801209 and 52074257)the Fund of Qingdao (No.19–9–2–1-wz)。
文摘Metallic glasses have received a lot of attention on wastewater treatment due to their unique atomic structure,and the use of metallic glasses as electrodes has produced unexpected electrocatalytic degradation effects for many pollutants through combining with electrochemical technology.However,it still is a formidable challenge to find a metallic glass electrode material with both efficient and clean for the catalytic degradation of pollutants.In this work,the Cu_(55)Zr_(45)metallic glassy ribbons are used as an electrode to degrade azo dyes and show the excellent degradation effect,which can reach 95.6%within 40 min.In the degradation process,almost no additives are produced and Cu_(55)Zr_(45)metallic glassy ribbons have excellent effects under different pH conditions.Meanwhile,it exhibits good stability for degradation efficiency during the 8 cycle degradation tests of the amorphous alloy electrode.When the copper nanoparticles are exposed on the surface of the ribbons,the oxidized copper obtained synergistically produce activated radicals is the primary degradation mechanism,where the auxiliary degradation mechanisms include electron transfer and the promotion of active chlorine.This research develops a new type of electrode material for wastewater treatment,and the economy and high efficiency of Cu55Zr45metallic glass endow it the expandable functional applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22131005,22201074,22075077 and 21971063)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(No.20XD1401400)+1 种基金Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.23QA1402100)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Nos.23ZR1415600,22ZR1416100).
文摘To develop efficient sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs),we recently reported doubly concerted companion(DCC)dye XW83 with a wrapped porphyrin sub-dye unit linked to an organic sub-dye unit through a flexible chain,which exhibits panchromatic absorption and excellent anti-aggregation ability.To further improve the absorption,we herein report XW87 and XW88 by inserting an ethynyl group into the organic sub-dye unit of XW83 near the donor and acceptor,respectively.For the corresponding organic dyes Z3 and Z4,the introduced ethynyl group improves their absorption,but induces aggravated charge recombination,leading to lowered power conversion efficiencies(PCEs).Similar to the organic dyes,the introduced ethynyl group improves the absorption of DCC dyes XW87 and XW88 as well.In addition,the ethynyl group near the acceptor of the organic sub-dye unit can be well protected by the long wrapping chains from the porphyrin unit.As a result,XW88 affords the highest JSC(21.84 mA/cm^(2)),V_(OC)(782 mV)and PCE(12.2%)among the DCC dyes.These results provide an effective method for developing efficient DSSC dyes by inserting an ethynyl group at a suitable position of a DCC dye.
文摘A new family of fluoroboronated pyridylhydrazinyl aldehyde hydrozone fluorophores named BOPAHs were developed via a simple one-pot two-step reaction from chloro-2-hydrazinylpyridine and aromatic aldehyde derivatives.They were well characterized by NMR,HRMS,and X-ray crystal structures.They exhibit main absorption from 400 nm to 600 nm and emission bands from 500 nm to 700 nm.The absorption/emission bands redshift with increased polarity of solvents indicate a distinct intramolecular charge transfer characteristic,further confirmed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.These BOPAHs display weak fluorescence in solutions,but they exhibit obvious aggregation-induced emission properties,possibly resulting from weak intermolecular interactions by fixing the molecular conformations in aggregate states.
基金funded by the JASTIP-RISH 2022(S-08)RIIM 2023 Batch 4,National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Indonesia.
文摘Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water pollution.This research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic dyes.This study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content,antioxidants,and antibacterial activity.In addition,Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry(Py-GCMS)analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of tannin.The effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against four bacteria that are usually found on human skin:Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis,Propionibacterium acnes,and Staphylococcus aureus.Extraction temperature significantly influences the chemical composition of tannin,which leads to different antioxidant properties.The maximum antibacterial properties of tannin were obtained at 90℃with the inhibition zone in the range of 0.9–1.0 mm against four bacteria,tannin yield of 26.59%,Gallic Acid Equivalents or total phenolic content(GAE)of 40.30 mg/g,and Radical Scavenging Activity or antioxidant activity(RSA)of 89.88%.Moreover,the concentration of tannin was significantly linear with its antibacterial properties.Tannin was successfully applied to the textile by using alum as a mordanting agent to create an antibacterial textile.The textile’s bacterial structure damage was analyzed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM).After 50 washings,tannin-textiles with alum-modified properties remained stable compared to those without alum,with S.aureus and S.epidermidis being the most vulnerable bacteria,as confirmed by FESEM images.Hence,tannin is a feasible alternative to harmful and nondegradable synthetic dyes and antibacterial agents.
文摘Bioremediation is an eco-compatible and economical approach to counter textile dye menace. The isolated Lentinus squarrosulus AF5 was assessed for decolourization of textile azo dyes, and had shown ~93%, 88% and 70% decolorization of Reactive blue 160 (RB160), Reactive black 5 (RB5) and Amido black 10B (AB10B) respectively. Further analysis using UV-vis, HPLC, and FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR had shown the degradation of the dyes. Toxicity analysis of the metabolites was performed using seed germination and plant growth on two agriculturally important plants Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) as well as cytotoxicity analysis using the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The dye mix appeared inhibitory for seed germination (20% - 40%), whereas metabolites were non-inhibitory for germination. Treatment of HaCaT cells with of dye mix and metabolites led into 45% and ~100% of cell viability of HaCaT cells respectively. Therefore, metabolites following degradation of the dye mix were observed to be non-toxic.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078201,U1908202)Liaoning&Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Dye and Pigment(Nos.2021JH13/10200018,21-104-0-23)。
文摘4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-sindacene (BODIPY) is a sort of photofunctional dye which possesses advantages including strong light-capturing property, high photon-resistance, etc. Meso-N substituted aza-BODIPY is a crucial derivative of BODIPY scaffold that has the favorable optical properties and a significant spectral redshift. The photophysical properties can be tuned by molecular design, and the attenuation path of the excited state energy release of absorbed light energy can be well controlled via structural modifications, enabling tailored application. It has been extensively employed in life medicine fields including fluorescence imaging diagnosis, photodynamic therapy photosensitizer and photothermal therapy reagent and so forth. Extensive research and review have been performed in these areas. However, BODIPYs/aza-BODIPYs have a significant role in energy, catalysis, optoelectronics, photo-responsive materials and other fields. Nevertheless, there are relatively few studies and reviews in these fields on the modification and application based on BODIPY/aza-BODIPY scaffold. Herein, in this review we summarized the application of BODIPY/aza-BODIPY in the aforementioned fields, with the molecular regulation of dye as the foundation and the utilization in the above fields as the objective, in the intention of providing inspiration for the exploration of innovative BODIPY/aza-BODIPY research in the field of light resource conversion and functional materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21471002)Scientific Research Projects of Universities in Anhui Province(2022AH040135)+1 种基金Natural Science Research Project for Anhui Universities(KJ2021A0509)Anhui Natural Science Foundation(2208085MC83).
文摘Efficient and convenient treatment of industrial dyeing wastewater is of great significance to guarantee human and animal health.This work presented the enhanced catalytic activity at pH 3.0 of laccase immobilized on amino-functionalized ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles(ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase)and its application for the degradation of textile dyes.Due to the existence of a large number of oxygen vacancies on the surface of the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles,negative ions accumulated on the magnetic carriers,which resulted in a harsh optimal pH value of the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase.Laccase activity assays revealed that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase possessed superior pH and thermal stabilities,excellent reusability,and noticeable organic solvent tolerance.Meanwhile,the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) laccase presented efficient and sustainable degradation of high concentrations of textile dyes.The initial decoloration efficiencies of malachite green(MG),brilliant green(BG),azophloxine,crystal violet(CV),reactive blue 19(RB19),and procion red MX-5B were approximately 99.1%,95.0%,93.3%,87.4%,86.1%,and 85.3%,respectively.After 10 consecutive reuses,the degradation rates of the textile dyes still maintained about 98.2%,92.5%,83.2%,81.5%,79.8%and 65.9%,respectively.The excellent dye degradation properties indicate that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase has a technical application in high concentrations of dyestuff treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078138)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20202ACBL203009).
文摘Direct-Z-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)photocatalyst with giant internal electric field was prepared by onestep aqueous sonication self-assembly method using g-C_(3)N_(4)and MXene of Ti_(3)C_(2)as the source materials.The chemical composition and structure of the catalysts was characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM,TEM,and XPS.The XPS characterization indicated that Ti_(3)C_(2)was partially oxidized to TiO_(2)during the composite process.As a result,an efficient direct-Z-scheme heterojunction structure consisting of the g-C_(3)N_(4)and TiO_(2)with Ti_(3)C_(2)as an electron bridge was constructed.The photocatalytic performance of the prepared catalysts was evaluated by degrading the Rhodamine B(RhB)wastewater.Compared with the single g-C_(3)N_(4),the g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)composite photocatalyst exhibited efficient and stable photocatalytic degradation ability,with a degradation efficiency as high as 99.2%for RhB under optimal conditions(2%Ti_(3)C_(2),pH=3).The high degradation performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)/TiO_(2)for RhB was attributed to the combination of Ti_(3)C_(2),TiO_(2),and g-C_(3)N_(4)components,forming a direct-Z-scheme heterojunction with a high-speed electron transport channel structure.The role of Z-scheme heterojunctions in electron transport is verified by photoelectrochemical characterization,along with photoluminescence(PL).Our research provides a simple method to design photocatalysts by constructing direct-Z-scheme electron transport channels for highly efficient treatment of dye wastewater.
文摘In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21572030,21272033,21402023)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.ZYGX2014J026)for financial support
文摘Dye-sensitized solar cells（DSSCs） have attracted significant attention as alternatives to conventional silicon-based solar cells owing to their low-cost production,facile fabrication,excellent stability and high power conversion efficiency（PCE）.The dye molecule is one of the key components in DSSCs since it significant influence on the PCE,charge separation,light-harvesting,as well as the device stability.Among various dyes,easily tunable phenothiazine-based dyes hold a large proportion and achieve impressive photovoltaic performances.This class of dyes not only has superiorly non-planar butterfly structure but also possesses excellent electron donating ability and large π conjugated system.This review summarized recent developments in the phenothiazine dyes,including small molecule phenothiazine dyes,polymer phenothiazine dyes and phenothiazine dyes for co-sensitization,especially focused on the developments and design concepts of small molecule phenothiazine dyes,as well as the correlation between molecular structures and the photovoltaic performances.
