The transports of dust are calculated using 3-dimensional(3-D)trajectory method for three cases of duststorms in the terrain-following coordinate system,and the synoptic processes are also discussed for each case.The ...The transports of dust are calculated using 3-dimensional(3-D)trajectory method for three cases of duststorms in the terrain-following coordinate system,and the synoptic processes are also discussed for each case.The case of 17—20 April 1980,a severe duststorm was associated with the rapid development of a cyclone over the Mongolia Plateau.The dust moved from west to east across several deserts,formed a typical dust path in spring.The other two were weaker and the dust was triggered by the strong wind behind the cold front from northwest or north.Because the vertical velocity is considered in 3-D trajectory analysis,trajectories calculated should better reveal the transport rule of the dust particles and the results seem to be more consistent with the synoptic processes.The trajectory analysis on the 2-D isobaric sur- faces is simpler but can be used only in the conditions with weak vertical wind shear and weak vertical velocity.The dif- ference of trajectories at lower levels between two methods may be caused by the different treatment of orography.展开更多
Combining the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale (MM4) model, the dust transport model and an atmospheric radiative transfer model, a super duststorm process occurred in the Gansu province on 5 May 1993 has been simulated. Bas...Combining the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale (MM4) model, the dust transport model and an atmospheric radiative transfer model, a super duststorm process occurred in the Gansu province on 5 May 1993 has been simulated. Based on the observations of duststorms occurred in the northern China and the field measurements of dust particles' physical and optical properties, model simulating dust plume transport processes and dust particle radiative forcing have been devloped. The models are described and verified with real cases of duststorms.展开更多
In this study,about 220 satellite images between 2000 and 2012 were obtained from FY-series,MODIS,CBERS,HJ-1A and HJ-1B to estimate the impact of duststorms on the South Yellow Sea（SYS）,which serve as an important s...In this study,about 220 satellite images between 2000 and 2012 were obtained from FY-series,MODIS,CBERS,HJ-1A and HJ-1B to estimate the impact of duststorms on the South Yellow Sea（SYS）,which serve as an important source of particles there.The analyzing results from the images support a total occurrence of 88 duststorms（including the locally-generated dusty weather） that affected the SYS during 2000–2012.The annual occurrence was about 4–10 times（10 times in 2000 and 2004;four times in 2009 and 2012）,predominantly in March（29%）,April（33%） and May（22%）.By mapping the distribution of their frequency,the duststorms influencing the SYS were found primarily moving from the northwest（39 times,44.3%） and west（37 times,42%） to the study region with only 11 duststorms（12.5%） coming from the north and 1 duststorm（1%） from the southwest.We estimated that an annual amount of 0.5–3.5 million tons of sediment particles was brought to the SYS by the duststorms during 2000–2012.展开更多
Based on the study of the cold phase of the Pacific Decade Oscillation, pandemic influenza is related to climate. The relation of low temperature, Pacific Decade Oscillation, strongest earthquake, Influenza, hurricane...Based on the study of the cold phase of the Pacific Decade Oscillation, pandemic influenza is related to climate. The relation of low temperature, Pacific Decade Oscillation, strongest earthquake, Influenza, hurricane and E1 Nino is researched in this study. In the cold period of Pacific Decade Oscillation, the strongest earthquake, hurricane with La Ni＇na, Pandemic Influenza with E1 Nino will occur stronger and stronger. From 1950 to 1976, the strongest dust-storm is connected with Pandemic Influenza one by one. So, dust-storm is one of factors to spread pandemic influenza viruses.展开更多
Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm were presented. The numerical procedure was based on the multiple scattering and independent scattering. The calculat...Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm were presented. The numerical procedure was based on the multiple scattering and independent scattering. The calculated multiple scattering attenuation rate is in good agreement with the measured one,but differs significantly from those obtained under the independent scattering assumption. At the same time,the factors of size parameter,frequency of incident wave,the angle of incident,and sands permittivity and water content have been considered in the attenuation of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm. Numerical results obtained showed that the attenuation rate increases as the fractional volume,frequency of incident wave and sands permittivity increase,and as the angle of incident increases,the attenuation rate decreases.展开更多
In this paper,the frontogenesis forced by dust radiative heating and the radiative effects of an isolated duststorrn on a frontal circulation system are examined by means of two-and three-dimensional numerical models....In this paper,the frontogenesis forced by dust radiative heating and the radiative effects of an isolated duststorrn on a frontal circulation system are examined by means of two-and three-dimensional numerical models.Results indicate that as a duststorm breaks out, frontogenesis is caused in by dust radiative heating in the lower atmosphere.A marked isentropic potential temperature layer is formed in the middle troposphere.The low-level convergence occurs along the direction of the front movement.Atnight,dust radiative cooling results in frontolysis in the lower atmosphere. An obvious vertical circulation is forced by radiative heating of an isolated duststorm along the direction of the pre- vailing wind.It is stronger at day,weaker and reverse at night.The response of the horizontal wind field to dust radiative forcing is different at different levels.展开更多
基金This project is supported by Doctoral Programme Foundation of Institution of Higher Education.
文摘The transports of dust are calculated using 3-dimensional(3-D)trajectory method for three cases of duststorms in the terrain-following coordinate system,and the synoptic processes are also discussed for each case.The case of 17—20 April 1980,a severe duststorm was associated with the rapid development of a cyclone over the Mongolia Plateau.The dust moved from west to east across several deserts,formed a typical dust path in spring.The other two were weaker and the dust was triggered by the strong wind behind the cold front from northwest or north.Because the vertical velocity is considered in 3-D trajectory analysis,trajectories calculated should better reveal the transport rule of the dust particles and the results seem to be more consistent with the synoptic processes.The trajectory analysis on the 2-D isobaric sur- faces is simpler but can be used only in the conditions with weak vertical wind shear and weak vertical velocity.The dif- ference of trajectories at lower levels between two methods may be caused by the different treatment of orography.
文摘Combining the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale (MM4) model, the dust transport model and an atmospheric radiative transfer model, a super duststorm process occurred in the Gansu province on 5 May 1993 has been simulated. Based on the observations of duststorms occurred in the northern China and the field measurements of dust particles' physical and optical properties, model simulating dust plume transport processes and dust particle radiative forcing have been devloped. The models are described and verified with real cases of duststorms.
基金The National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program) under contract Nos 2013CB956503 and2016YFC0302503the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.U1405234+1 种基金the Sciences and Technologies Foundation of Guangdong Province under contract No.2016A050502038the Sciences and Technologies Foundation of Guangzhou under contract No.201508020071
文摘In this study,about 220 satellite images between 2000 and 2012 were obtained from FY-series,MODIS,CBERS,HJ-1A and HJ-1B to estimate the impact of duststorms on the South Yellow Sea（SYS）,which serve as an important source of particles there.The analyzing results from the images support a total occurrence of 88 duststorms（including the locally-generated dusty weather） that affected the SYS during 2000–2012.The annual occurrence was about 4–10 times（10 times in 2000 and 2004;four times in 2009 and 2012）,predominantly in March（29%）,April（33%） and May（22%）.By mapping the distribution of their frequency,the duststorms influencing the SYS were found primarily moving from the northwest（39 times,44.3%） and west（37 times,42%） to the study region with only 11 duststorms（12.5%） coming from the north and 1 duststorm（1%） from the southwest.We estimated that an annual amount of 0.5–3.5 million tons of sediment particles was brought to the SYS by the duststorms during 2000–2012.
文摘Based on the study of the cold phase of the Pacific Decade Oscillation, pandemic influenza is related to climate. The relation of low temperature, Pacific Decade Oscillation, strongest earthquake, Influenza, hurricane and E1 Nino is researched in this study. In the cold period of Pacific Decade Oscillation, the strongest earthquake, hurricane with La Ni＇na, Pandemic Influenza with E1 Nino will occur stronger and stronger. From 1950 to 1976, the strongest dust-storm is connected with Pandemic Influenza one by one. So, dust-storm is one of factors to spread pandemic influenza viruses.
基金the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10532040)
文摘Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm were presented. The numerical procedure was based on the multiple scattering and independent scattering. The calculated multiple scattering attenuation rate is in good agreement with the measured one,but differs significantly from those obtained under the independent scattering assumption. At the same time,the factors of size parameter,frequency of incident wave,the angle of incident,and sands permittivity and water content have been considered in the attenuation of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm. Numerical results obtained showed that the attenuation rate increases as the fractional volume,frequency of incident wave and sands permittivity increase,and as the angle of incident increases,the attenuation rate decreases.
基金Sponsored by Doctoral Programme Foundation of Higher Education Institution,project No.9200125.
文摘In this paper,the frontogenesis forced by dust radiative heating and the radiative effects of an isolated duststorrn on a frontal circulation system are examined by means of two-and three-dimensional numerical models.Results indicate that as a duststorm breaks out, frontogenesis is caused in by dust radiative heating in the lower atmosphere.A marked isentropic potential temperature layer is formed in the middle troposphere.The low-level convergence occurs along the direction of the front movement.Atnight,dust radiative cooling results in frontolysis in the lower atmosphere. An obvious vertical circulation is forced by radiative heating of an isolated duststorm along the direction of the pre- vailing wind.It is stronger at day,weaker and reverse at night.The response of the horizontal wind field to dust radiative forcing is different at different levels.
