The antibacterial polyamide 6(PA6)material has attracted great research interest due to its wide ap-plication in food packaging,biomedical fields,functional textiles,and other fields.However,it is still a challenge to...The antibacterial polyamide 6(PA6)material has attracted great research interest due to its wide ap-plication in food packaging,biomedical fields,functional textiles,and other fields.However,it is still a challenge to prepare intrinsically antibacterial PA6 with highly efficient and durably antibacterial activity via polymerization.Herein,the antibacterial imidazolium ionic liquid of 3-carboxymethyl-1-decyl imida-zole chloride was designed and synthesized for adapting the polymerization and processing temperature of PA6.Then antibacterial PA6(PA6-IL)was synthesized through hydrolyzed ring-opening copolymeriza-tion with imidazolium at the end of the backbones.Compared to physical blending or post-modification methods,antibacterial agents as end-capping reagents of polymer backbones endowed PA6 with intrin-sic antibacterial activity.As expected,the obtained PA6-IL exhibited not just comparable physicochemical and mechanical properties to conventional PA6 but excellent antibacterial activity of low antibacterial time to 60 min and durability for 28 days.Additionally,the corresponding electrospun PA6-IL nanofi-brous membranes showed homogenous morphology and remarkable hydrophilicity of 7.7° as well as the high-efficient antibacterial activity.Melt-spun PA6-IL microfibers revealed a smooth surface as well as enhanced tensile strength and increased breaking elongation compared to those of conventional PA6.The PA6-IL microfibers also behaved with excellent antibacterial efficiency and durability.Accordingly,this work provides a feasible and straightforward strategy to prepare durably and intrinsically antibacterial PA6 materials especially PA6 fibers,which can be widely applied in the textiles field.展开更多
A new fertilizer of cocrystal type,known as durably efficacious ammonium bicarbonate(DEAB),has been developed by adding a certain amount of dicyandiamide(DCD)as an ammonia-stabilizing agent to ammonium bearbenate(AB)d...A new fertilizer of cocrystal type,known as durably efficacious ammonium bicarbonate(DEAB),has been developed by adding a certain amount of dicyandiamide(DCD)as an ammonia-stabilizing agent to ammonium bearbenate(AB)during the process of its production.As compared with AB,DEAB was found to have a reduction of direct volatilization loss by 53%,a fertilizer availability period prolonged from 35-45 to 90-110 d,and an increase in the rate of nitrogen in fertilizer being utilized by 5.9%-10.2%,and a saving of the amount of fertilizer to be ap-phed by 20%-30%for the same level of yield,or an increase of the crop yield by over 10%for the same level of ni-tregen fertilization;in addition,it was found to show usually a function of promoting the crop to early mature.It can be applied as basal dressing all in one time to soil and thus also used as a labour-saving and crop yield-increasing fertil-izer for is non-mtertillage,plastics film covering and water-saving agriculture.展开更多
This study introduces superabsorbent polymers(SAP)into recycled concrete and,through freeze-thaw cycle tests,unconfined compressive strength tests,and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analysis,evaluates the freeze-thaw ...This study introduces superabsorbent polymers(SAP)into recycled concrete and,through freeze-thaw cycle tests,unconfined compressive strength tests,and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analysis,evaluates the freeze-thaw resistance and durability of recycled concrete samples under varying freeze-thaw cycles.The results indicate that an appropriate addition of SAP significantly enhances the freeze-thaw resistance of recycled concrete.After 200 freeze-thaw cycles,the RS0.6 sample retained good surface integrity,demonstrating the best performance.Compared to NAC,its mass loss decreased by 1.16%,the relative dynamic modulus improved by 7.01%,and the compressive strength loss rate decreased by 5.41%.Additionally,T2 spectrum analysis revealed that adding SAP optimized the pore structure of recycled concrete and mitigated pore development during freeze-thaw cycles.As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased,the RS0.3 and RS0.6 samples demonstrated superior frost resistance compared to NAC.However,an excessive amount of SAP increased pore expansion during subsequent freeze-thaw cycles,ultimately weakening frost resistance.展开更多
The development of Pt-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is a great issue for meeting the cost challenges of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)in commercial applications.In this work,a serie...The development of Pt-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is a great issue for meeting the cost challenges of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)in commercial applications.In this work,a series of RuCo/C catalysts were synthesized by NaBH4 reduction method under the premise that the total metal mass percentage was 20%.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)confirmed the formation of single-phase nanoparticles with an average size of 33 nm.Cyclic voltammograms(CV)and linear sweep voltammograms(LSV)tests indicated that RuCo(2:1)/C catalyst had the optimal ORR properties.Additionally,the RuCo(2:1)/C catalyst remarkably sustained 98.1% of its activity even after 3000 cycles,surpassing the performance of Pt/C(84.8%).Analysis of the elemental state of the catalyst surface after cycling using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)revealed that the Ru^(0) percentage of RuCo(2:1)/C decreased by 2.2%(from 66.3% to 64.1%),while the Pt^(0) percentage of Pt/C decreased by 7.1%(from 53.3% to 46.2%).It is suggested that the synergy between Ru and Co holds the potential to pave the way for future low-cost and highly stable ORR catalysts,offering significant promise in the context of PEMFCs.展开更多
To study the durability of concrete in harsh environments in Northwest China,concrete was prepared with various durability-improving materials such as concrete anti-erosion inhibitor(SBT-TIA),acrylate polymer(AP),supe...To study the durability of concrete in harsh environments in Northwest China,concrete was prepared with various durability-improving materials such as concrete anti-erosion inhibitor(SBT-TIA),acrylate polymer(AP),super absorbent resin(SAP).The erosion mode and internal deterioration mechanism under salt freeze-thaw cycle and dry-wet cycle were explored.The results show that the addition of enhancing materials can effectively improve the resistance of concrete to salt freezing and sulfate erosion:the relevant indexes of concrete added with X-AP and T-AP are improved after salt freeze-thaw cycles;concrete added with SBTTIA shows optimal sulfate corrosion resistance;and concrete added with AP displays the best resistance to salt freezing.Microanalysis shows that the increase in the number of cycles decreases the generation of internal hydration products and defects in concrete mixed with enhancing materials and improves the related indexes.Based on the Wiener model analysis,the reliability of concrete with different lithologies and enhancing materials is improved,which may provide a reference for the application of manufactured sand concrete and enhancing materials in Northwest China,especially for the study of the improvement effects and mechanism of enhancing materials on the performance of concrete.展开更多
The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity,primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage.Enhancing the p...The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity,primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage.Enhancing the performance of solar energy evaporation and minimizing material degradation during application can be achieved through the design of novel photothermal materials.In solar interfacial evaporation,photothermal materials exhibit a wide range of additional characteristics,but a systematic overview is lacking.This paper encompasses an examination of various categories and principles pertaining to photothermal materials,as well as the structural design considerations for salt-resistant materials.Additionally,we discuss the versatile uses of this appealing technology in different sectors related to energy and the environment.Furthermore,potential solutions to enhance the durability of photothermal materials are also highlighted,such as the rational design of micro/nano-structures,the use of adhesives,the addition of anti-corrosion coatings,and the preparation of self-healing surfaces.The objective of this review is to offer a viable resolution for the logical creation of high-performance photothermal substances,presenting a guide for the forthcoming advancement of solar evaporation technology.展开更多
Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emp...Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.展开更多
Graphene and its derivatives are two-dimensional nanomaterials with exceptional physical and chemical properties.Research has shown that their addition can counter the inherent deficiencies of cementbased composites,i...Graphene and its derivatives are two-dimensional nanomaterials with exceptional physical and chemical properties.Research has shown that their addition can counter the inherent deficiencies of cementbased composites,including low tensile strength,poor toughness,and high susceptibility to cracking.However,because of its high specific surface area and the van der Waals force between layers,graphene is prone to agglomerate in the cement matrix which can make the properties worse.Hence,improving the graphene dispersion is essential.The surface structure and properties of graphene and its derivatives are first introduced,and the different methods for their dispersion in cement-based materials are reviewed.Their effects on the mechanical properties and durability of cement-based materials are then summarized.Based on these results,the microscopic and nanoscopic mechanisms of the way graphene and its derivatives affect cement-based materials are elaborated.Current problems and future trends in this research area are then considered.展开更多
Our study aims at developing compatible raw compositions of earth with building materials in the desert zones,for an adequate restoration.To arrive at our objective,we developed compositions of adobes in bases of the ...Our study aims at developing compatible raw compositions of earth with building materials in the desert zones,for an adequate restoration.To arrive at our objective,we developed compositions of adobes in bases of the local raw materials(red clay of Adrar,sand of dune,the black sand and the chopped straw).The results of the mineralogical characteristics(Rx),physical(density,the humidity and the grading analysis)used raw materials,showed successful and compatible characteristics with the building materials of the Saharan Ksour.The formulations are based on compositions witnesses as reference(1 Volume of clay+2 Volume of sand+water).The objective of this study,concerns the identification of the various mechanical characteristics(mechanical resistance in the flexion and in the compression),followed by an ultrasound study(mechanism of change in front of hydric behavior),of the compatible adobe with the local building materials.展开更多
Flexible energy storage devices have been paid much attention and adapts to apply in various fields.Benefiting from the active sites of boron(B)and phosphorus(P)doping materials,co-doped carbon materials are widely us...Flexible energy storage devices have been paid much attention and adapts to apply in various fields.Benefiting from the active sites of boron(B)and phosphorus(P)doping materials,co-doped carbon materials are widely used in energy storage devices for the enhanced electrochemical performance.Herein,B and P co-doped flexible carbon nanofibers with nitrogen-rich(B-P/NC)are investigated with electro-spinning for sodium-ion battery.The flexible of binderless B-P/NC with annealing of 600℃(B-P/NC-600)exhibits the remarkable performance for the robust capacity of 200 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 500 cycles and a durable reversible capacity of 160 m Ah/g even at 1 A/g after 12,000 cycles,exhibiting the equally commendable stability of flexible B-P/NC-600.In addition,B-P/NC-600 delivers the reversible capacity of265 m Ah/g with the test temperature of 60℃.More importantly,the flexible B-P/NC-600 is fabricated as anode for the whole battery,delivering the capacity of 90 m Ah/g at 1 A/g after 200 cycles.Meanwhile,theoretical calculation further verified that boron and phosphorus co-doping can improve the adsorption capacity of nitrogen carbon materials.The favorable performance of flexible B-P/NC-600 can be ascribed to the nitrogen-rich carbon nanofibers with three-dimensional network matrix for the more active site of boron and phosphorus co-doping.Our work paves the way for the improvement of flexible anodes and wide-operating temperature of sodium-ion batteries by doping approach of much heteroatom.展开更多
Biti’s is one of the largest footwear manufacturers in Vietnam.Made from homegrown high-quality natural rubber,Biti’s slippers are known for their slip-resistance,durability,lightness,and breathability.In addition t...Biti’s is one of the largest footwear manufacturers in Vietnam.Made from homegrown high-quality natural rubber,Biti’s slippers are known for their slip-resistance,durability,lightness,and breathability.In addition to practicality and comfort,the products come in diverse styles at affordable prices.展开更多
This study investigates the use of a low-carbon soil stabilizer called SDG,which is made up of granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS),desulfurization gypsum (DG),and calcium carbide slag (CCS),to solidify the soil.The ...This study investigates the use of a low-carbon soil stabilizer called SDG,which is made up of granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS),desulfurization gypsum (DG),and calcium carbide slag (CCS),to solidify the soil.The impact of SDG components on the strength and durability of solidified soil was analysed through a series of tests,including unconfined compressive strength,water stability coefficient,water absorption rate,drying-wetting cycles,and shrinkage tests.Furthermore,microstructure characteristics were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The study shows that the solidified soil has excellent strength and durability when the SDG stabilizer contains 60% GGBGS,10% DG,and 30% CCS.Additionally,increasing the DG content negatively affects the soil's resistance to water.The SDG stabilizer has potential chemical cementitious characteristics and the calcium carbide slag is rich in calcium ions,which undergo an ion exchange reaction with minerals in the soil.These findings offer new ideas for the development of soil stabilizers.展开更多
The plateau environment not only affects the development of concrete's early strength but also damages its durability during its service life.This paper summarized and analyzed the impact of plateau environments o...The plateau environment not only affects the development of concrete's early strength but also damages its durability during its service life.This paper summarized and analyzed the impact of plateau environments on concrete’properties and proposed methods to improve the performance of concrete in plateau environment.The results indicated that low humidity and high evaporation rates in plateau regions inhibit the hydration of cement in concrete,leading to an increased content of micro-pores ranging from 500 to 1000 nm and raising the risk of early-stage cracking,thus reducing the impermeability of concrete.The low atmospheric pressure(AP)condition of 60 kPa decreases the entrained air content in concrete by over 20%,diminishes the pores under 200μm,and increases the average air-voids diameter and spacing factor,resulting in a decrease of more than 5%in the 28 d compressive strength of concrete.Consequently,the durability of concrete is compromised.Saponin and rosinbased air-entraining agents are recommended to improve the performance of concrete in plateau environments.Nanoparticles also aid in stabilizing bubbles in such conditions.Selecting low-heat specialty cements,increasing the amount of cement used,and extending the curing period are also vital measures to enhance the performance of plateau concrete.展开更多
This study applied machine learning methods to predict the durability performance(specifically shrinkage and freeze-thaw resistance)of solid waste-activated cementitious materials.It also offered insights for optimizi...This study applied machine learning methods to predict the durability performance(specifically shrinkage and freeze-thaw resistance)of solid waste-activated cementitious materials.It also offered insights for optimizing material formulations through feature impact analysis.The study collected a total of 130 sets of shrinkage data and 106 sets of freeze-thaw data,establishing various models,including BP,GA-BP,SVM,RF,RBF,and LSTM.The results revealed that the SVM model performed the best on the test dataset.It achieved an R^(2) of 0.9358 for shrinkage prediction,with MAE and RMSE values of 0.4644 and 0.6254,respectively.Regarding freeze-thaw quality loss prediction,the R^(2) was 0.9178,with MAE and RMSE values of 0.3139 and 0.5328,respectively.The study analyzed the impact of different features on the outcomes using the SHAP method,highlighting that the alkaline activator dosage,Al_(2)O_(3),SiO_(2),and water glass modulus were critical factors influencing shrinkage,while CaO,water-cement ratio,water,and Al_(2)O_(3) were crucial for freeze-thaw resistance.By investigating feature interactions through single-factor and two-factor analysis,the study proposed recommendations for optimizing material formulations.This research validated the efficacy of machine learning in predicting the durability of solid waste cementitious materials and offered insights for material optimization through feature impact analysis,thereby laying the groundwork for the development of related materials.展开更多
Iron phosphate based glass-ceramics with deliberately added Ce as an active nuclide simulant were prepared by microwave sintering.The sintering characteristics,including phases and structural evolution,and chemical du...Iron phosphate based glass-ceramics with deliberately added Ce as an active nuclide simulant were prepared by microwave sintering.The sintering characteristics,including phases and structural evolution,and chemical durability were investigated.XRD showed that NaZr_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) and FePO_(4) became the main crystalline phases of glass-ceramics with increasing sintering temperature.SEM revealed the glass-ceramics compactness increased first and then decreased as sintering temperature increased.Raman spectrum showed that,as sintering temperature increased,the network structure of glass-ceramics changed from mainly containing orthophosphate and pyrophosphate to a single orthophosphate.After immersion for 28 days,LR_(Na),LR_(Zr) and LR_(Ce) of the glass-ceramics prepared at 1000℃ were as low as 3.64×10^(-5),0.25×10^(-9) and 5.70×10^(-9)g/m^(2)/d respectively.The results indicate that iron phosphate based glass-ceramics can be prepared by rapid microwave sintering of glass powders and there is a potential of employing such microwave sintering technique in processing of glass-ceramics nuclear waste form.展开更多
The aim of this study is to enhance the value of local earth materials used in the construction of certain homes in the Republic of Guinea. Thus, a trial study to improve the quality of mud bricks using paper fibers o...The aim of this study is to enhance the value of local earth materials used in the construction of certain homes in the Republic of Guinea. Thus, a trial study to improve the quality of mud bricks using paper fibers obtained by grinding and soaking in water and then drying were used as a stabilizer in the manufacture of these mud bricks from the sample of two sites Dounkiwal (DK) (in Mamou and the sample from the urban commune of Kouroussa). To do this, certain methods and means of identification were carried out, namely: geotechnical, mineralogical and chemical analyses. Sample DK from Mamou has a silty-clay geotechnical characteristic with a plasticity index Ip of 12.75%. However, mineralogical and chemical studies showed that sample Dounkiwal (DK) (Mamou) contains a high proportion of silica and iron oxides (79.63%) and Fe2O3 (11.85%), associated with other alkaline earth oxides and ions: CaO;MgO;SO32−;Cl−, i.e. 3.96%;0.96%;0.28% and 0.039% respectively. Its loss on ignition (LOI) and insoluble residues are 15.40% and 56.36%. The evaluation of the number of huts in Upper and Middle Guinea showed that the populations of these areas have been using mud bricks for several decades in the construction of dwellings. The average value found for the compressive strength of these bricks (from samples I, II and III from Kouroussa) is 0.16 MPa. This value is appreciable in the construction of mud houses.展开更多
Batteries,as one of the most important classes of electrochemical energy storage systems,play a critical role in enabling energy sustainability and mobility.In recent years,we have witnessed a prosperous boom of resea...Batteries,as one of the most important classes of electrochemical energy storage systems,play a critical role in enabling energy sustainability and mobility.In recent years,we have witnessed a prosperous boom of research on battery chemistries and materials aimed at enhancing energy density,reducing costs,and enabling faster charging.While these advancements promote the applications of batteries in various engineering scenarios,they also raise significant safety concerns,particularly as higher energy densities increase the risk of catastrophic failures.Unfortunately,real-world incidents involving electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and largescale energy storage systems have demonstrated the devastating consequences of battery failures,where severe property damage and even loss of life are frequently observed.展开更多
It is a good practice to change the site soil properties when dealing with inappropriate soils in geotechnical engineering,referred to as soil improvement.This study investigated the effects of epoxy resin LR202 stabi...It is a good practice to change the site soil properties when dealing with inappropriate soils in geotechnical engineering,referred to as soil improvement.This study investigated the effects of epoxy resin LR202 stabilizer(5 wt%of soil as an optimum percentage)and glass fibers(0 wt%,0.4 wt%and 0.8 wt%of stabilized soil)as reinforcement on silty sand’s durability.For this purpose,the unconfined compressive strength test(12 tests),durability test(12 tests),ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV)test(48 tests),and standard compactions test(5 tests)were performed.The results of this study showed that the addition of epoxy resin improves the durability of silty sand soil.The stabilized samples containing 5 wt%epoxy resin resisted 12 freeze-thaw cycles,and the sample behavior was enhanced by adding 0.4 wt%and 0.8 wt%fibers to the stabilized samples.Hence,the samples stabilized with epoxy resin exhibited acceptable behavior under freeze-thaw durability cycles.This indicates that epoxy resin stabilizer is appropriate in areas with possible frost and exhibits good behavior.The results of the UPV test showed that it could be used as a non-destructive test to control the durability of epoxy resin-stabilized soils.展开更多
In the pursuit of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),obtaining durable Pt-based intermetallic catalysts with small particle sizes for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)stands as a crucial yet cha...In the pursuit of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),obtaining durable Pt-based intermetallic catalysts with small particle sizes for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)stands as a crucial yet challenging topic.Herein,we propose an idea of catalyst design utilizing Fe-phenanthroline(Phen)complex as precursor to integrate metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)with the strong anchoring effect into carbon shells,synthesizing highly ordered and small-sized(3.59 nm)PtFe intermetallic catalyst coated with iron-nitrogen-carbon(FeNC)shells(L1_(0)-PtFe@FeNC).The strong Fe-Phen interaction ensures the uniform dispersion of Fe species on Pt seeds so as to form protective shells suppressing the agglomeration and dissolution of PtFe nanoparticles(NPs)under the high-temperature annealing or harsh operational conditions.It exhibits excellent mass activity(MA)that is about five-fold increase compared to the commercial Pt/C,as well as the significantly improved MA retention after 30,000 potential cycles(68.2%vs.45.3%).Nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)shells and pure carbon(C)shells are used as comparison to demonstrate the advantages of FeNC shells.Durability test results show that NC and C shells obviously degrade after potential cycles,while well-preserved FeNC shells guarantee catalyst stability.Theoretical calculations reveal that the strong binding between FeNC shells and the Pt surface enhances the stability of both the nanoparticles and the FeNC shells.展开更多
Pulsed-laser deposition has been developed to prepare large-area In_(2)S_(3)nanofilms and their photoelectric characteristics have been investigated.The In_(2)S_(3)nanofilm grown under 500℃is highly oriented along th...Pulsed-laser deposition has been developed to prepare large-area In_(2)S_(3)nanofilms and their photoelectric characteristics have been investigated.The In_(2)S_(3)nanofilm grown under 500℃is highly oriented along the(103)direction with exceptional crystallinity.The corresponding(103)-oriented In_(2)S_(3)photodetectors exhibit broadband photoresponse from 370.6 nm to 1064 nm.Under 635 nm illumination,the optimized responsivity,external quantum efficiency,and detectivity reach 19.8 A/W,3869%,and 2.59×10^(12)Jones,respectively.In addition,the device exhibits short rise/decay time of 3.9/3.0 ms.Of note,first-principles calculations have unveiled that the effective carrier mass along the(103)lattice plane is much smaller than those along the(100),(110)and(111)lattice planes,which thereby enables high-efficiency transport of photocarriers and thereby the excellent photosensitivity.Profited from the sizable bandgap,the In_(2)S_(3)photodetectors also showcase strong robustness against elevated operating temperature.In the end,proof-of-concept imaging application beyond human vision and under high operating temperature as well as heart rate monitoring have been achieved by using the In_(2)S_(3)device of the sensing component.This study introduces a novel crystal orientation engineering paradigm for the implementation of next-generation advanced optoelectronic systems.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52273060)Science and Technology Research Project of the Educational Commission of Hubei Province(Grant No.D20221703)provide financial support.
文摘The antibacterial polyamide 6(PA6)material has attracted great research interest due to its wide ap-plication in food packaging,biomedical fields,functional textiles,and other fields.However,it is still a challenge to prepare intrinsically antibacterial PA6 with highly efficient and durably antibacterial activity via polymerization.Herein,the antibacterial imidazolium ionic liquid of 3-carboxymethyl-1-decyl imida-zole chloride was designed and synthesized for adapting the polymerization and processing temperature of PA6.Then antibacterial PA6(PA6-IL)was synthesized through hydrolyzed ring-opening copolymeriza-tion with imidazolium at the end of the backbones.Compared to physical blending or post-modification methods,antibacterial agents as end-capping reagents of polymer backbones endowed PA6 with intrin-sic antibacterial activity.As expected,the obtained PA6-IL exhibited not just comparable physicochemical and mechanical properties to conventional PA6 but excellent antibacterial activity of low antibacterial time to 60 min and durability for 28 days.Additionally,the corresponding electrospun PA6-IL nanofi-brous membranes showed homogenous morphology and remarkable hydrophilicity of 7.7° as well as the high-efficient antibacterial activity.Melt-spun PA6-IL microfibers revealed a smooth surface as well as enhanced tensile strength and increased breaking elongation compared to those of conventional PA6.The PA6-IL microfibers also behaved with excellent antibacterial efficiency and durability.Accordingly,this work provides a feasible and straightforward strategy to prepare durably and intrinsically antibacterial PA6 materials especially PA6 fibers,which can be widely applied in the textiles field.
文摘A new fertilizer of cocrystal type,known as durably efficacious ammonium bicarbonate(DEAB),has been developed by adding a certain amount of dicyandiamide(DCD)as an ammonia-stabilizing agent to ammonium bearbenate(AB)during the process of its production.As compared with AB,DEAB was found to have a reduction of direct volatilization loss by 53%,a fertilizer availability period prolonged from 35-45 to 90-110 d,and an increase in the rate of nitrogen in fertilizer being utilized by 5.9%-10.2%,and a saving of the amount of fertilizer to be ap-phed by 20%-30%for the same level of yield,or an increase of the crop yield by over 10%for the same level of ni-tregen fertilization;in addition,it was found to show usually a function of promoting the crop to early mature.It can be applied as basal dressing all in one time to soil and thus also used as a labour-saving and crop yield-increasing fertil-izer for is non-mtertillage,plastics film covering and water-saving agriculture.
基金Funded by the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(Nos.25JRRA497,23ZDFA017)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0950000)High-level Talent Funding of Kashi。
文摘This study introduces superabsorbent polymers(SAP)into recycled concrete and,through freeze-thaw cycle tests,unconfined compressive strength tests,and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analysis,evaluates the freeze-thaw resistance and durability of recycled concrete samples under varying freeze-thaw cycles.The results indicate that an appropriate addition of SAP significantly enhances the freeze-thaw resistance of recycled concrete.After 200 freeze-thaw cycles,the RS0.6 sample retained good surface integrity,demonstrating the best performance.Compared to NAC,its mass loss decreased by 1.16%,the relative dynamic modulus improved by 7.01%,and the compressive strength loss rate decreased by 5.41%.Additionally,T2 spectrum analysis revealed that adding SAP optimized the pore structure of recycled concrete and mitigated pore development during freeze-thaw cycles.As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased,the RS0.3 and RS0.6 samples demonstrated superior frost resistance compared to NAC.However,an excessive amount of SAP increased pore expansion during subsequent freeze-thaw cycles,ultimately weakening frost resistance.
基金Funded by the 111 Project(No.B17034)Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle(No.ZDSYS202212)+1 种基金Innovative Research Team Development Program of Ministry of Education of China(No.IRT_17R83)the Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid Co.,Ltd.(No.GDKJXM20222546)。
文摘The development of Pt-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is a great issue for meeting the cost challenges of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)in commercial applications.In this work,a series of RuCo/C catalysts were synthesized by NaBH4 reduction method under the premise that the total metal mass percentage was 20%.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)confirmed the formation of single-phase nanoparticles with an average size of 33 nm.Cyclic voltammograms(CV)and linear sweep voltammograms(LSV)tests indicated that RuCo(2:1)/C catalyst had the optimal ORR properties.Additionally,the RuCo(2:1)/C catalyst remarkably sustained 98.1% of its activity even after 3000 cycles,surpassing the performance of Pt/C(84.8%).Analysis of the elemental state of the catalyst surface after cycling using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)revealed that the Ru^(0) percentage of RuCo(2:1)/C decreased by 2.2%(from 66.3% to 64.1%),while the Pt^(0) percentage of Pt/C decreased by 7.1%(from 53.3% to 46.2%).It is suggested that the synergy between Ru and Co holds the potential to pave the way for future low-cost and highly stable ORR catalysts,offering significant promise in the context of PEMFCs.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52178216)the Research on the Durability and Application of High-performance Concrete for Highway Engineering in the Cold and Arid Salt Areas of Northwest China(No.2022-24)the Construction Project of the Scientific Research Platform of Provincial Enterprises Supported by the Capital Operating Budget of Gansu Province(No.2023GZ018)。
文摘To study the durability of concrete in harsh environments in Northwest China,concrete was prepared with various durability-improving materials such as concrete anti-erosion inhibitor(SBT-TIA),acrylate polymer(AP),super absorbent resin(SAP).The erosion mode and internal deterioration mechanism under salt freeze-thaw cycle and dry-wet cycle were explored.The results show that the addition of enhancing materials can effectively improve the resistance of concrete to salt freezing and sulfate erosion:the relevant indexes of concrete added with X-AP and T-AP are improved after salt freeze-thaw cycles;concrete added with SBTTIA shows optimal sulfate corrosion resistance;and concrete added with AP displays the best resistance to salt freezing.Microanalysis shows that the increase in the number of cycles decreases the generation of internal hydration products and defects in concrete mixed with enhancing materials and improves the related indexes.Based on the Wiener model analysis,the reliability of concrete with different lithologies and enhancing materials is improved,which may provide a reference for the application of manufactured sand concrete and enhancing materials in Northwest China,especially for the study of the improvement effects and mechanism of enhancing materials on the performance of concrete.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LR23C160001)Scientific Research Startup Foundation of Zhejiang Ocean University(No.11034150220006).
文摘The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity,primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage.Enhancing the performance of solar energy evaporation and minimizing material degradation during application can be achieved through the design of novel photothermal materials.In solar interfacial evaporation,photothermal materials exhibit a wide range of additional characteristics,but a systematic overview is lacking.This paper encompasses an examination of various categories and principles pertaining to photothermal materials,as well as the structural design considerations for salt-resistant materials.Additionally,we discuss the versatile uses of this appealing technology in different sectors related to energy and the environment.Furthermore,potential solutions to enhance the durability of photothermal materials are also highlighted,such as the rational design of micro/nano-structures,the use of adhesives,the addition of anti-corrosion coatings,and the preparation of self-healing surfaces.The objective of this review is to offer a viable resolution for the logical creation of high-performance photothermal substances,presenting a guide for the forthcoming advancement of solar evaporation technology.
文摘Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.
文摘Graphene and its derivatives are two-dimensional nanomaterials with exceptional physical and chemical properties.Research has shown that their addition can counter the inherent deficiencies of cementbased composites,including low tensile strength,poor toughness,and high susceptibility to cracking.However,because of its high specific surface area and the van der Waals force between layers,graphene is prone to agglomerate in the cement matrix which can make the properties worse.Hence,improving the graphene dispersion is essential.The surface structure and properties of graphene and its derivatives are first introduced,and the different methods for their dispersion in cement-based materials are reviewed.Their effects on the mechanical properties and durability of cement-based materials are then summarized.Based on these results,the microscopic and nanoscopic mechanisms of the way graphene and its derivatives affect cement-based materials are elaborated.Current problems and future trends in this research area are then considered.
文摘Our study aims at developing compatible raw compositions of earth with building materials in the desert zones,for an adequate restoration.To arrive at our objective,we developed compositions of adobes in bases of the local raw materials(red clay of Adrar,sand of dune,the black sand and the chopped straw).The results of the mineralogical characteristics(Rx),physical(density,the humidity and the grading analysis)used raw materials,showed successful and compatible characteristics with the building materials of the Saharan Ksour.The formulations are based on compositions witnesses as reference(1 Volume of clay+2 Volume of sand+water).The objective of this study,concerns the identification of the various mechanical characteristics(mechanical resistance in the flexion and in the compression),followed by an ultrasound study(mechanism of change in front of hydric behavior),of the compatible adobe with the local building materials.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.6230031623)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2024JJ5127)+2 种基金the Education Department of Hunan Province(No.22B0580)the Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Hunan University of Technology(No.CX2317)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project for College Students(No.S202311535061)。
文摘Flexible energy storage devices have been paid much attention and adapts to apply in various fields.Benefiting from the active sites of boron(B)and phosphorus(P)doping materials,co-doped carbon materials are widely used in energy storage devices for the enhanced electrochemical performance.Herein,B and P co-doped flexible carbon nanofibers with nitrogen-rich(B-P/NC)are investigated with electro-spinning for sodium-ion battery.The flexible of binderless B-P/NC with annealing of 600℃(B-P/NC-600)exhibits the remarkable performance for the robust capacity of 200 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 500 cycles and a durable reversible capacity of 160 m Ah/g even at 1 A/g after 12,000 cycles,exhibiting the equally commendable stability of flexible B-P/NC-600.In addition,B-P/NC-600 delivers the reversible capacity of265 m Ah/g with the test temperature of 60℃.More importantly,the flexible B-P/NC-600 is fabricated as anode for the whole battery,delivering the capacity of 90 m Ah/g at 1 A/g after 200 cycles.Meanwhile,theoretical calculation further verified that boron and phosphorus co-doping can improve the adsorption capacity of nitrogen carbon materials.The favorable performance of flexible B-P/NC-600 can be ascribed to the nitrogen-rich carbon nanofibers with three-dimensional network matrix for the more active site of boron and phosphorus co-doping.Our work paves the way for the improvement of flexible anodes and wide-operating temperature of sodium-ion batteries by doping approach of much heteroatom.
文摘Biti’s is one of the largest footwear manufacturers in Vietnam.Made from homegrown high-quality natural rubber,Biti’s slippers are known for their slip-resistance,durability,lightness,and breathability.In addition to practicality and comfort,the products come in diverse styles at affordable prices.
基金Funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC3803405)the China State Construction Key Laboratory Project (No. ZJXJ-PT-2022-14)。
文摘This study investigates the use of a low-carbon soil stabilizer called SDG,which is made up of granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS),desulfurization gypsum (DG),and calcium carbide slag (CCS),to solidify the soil.The impact of SDG components on the strength and durability of solidified soil was analysed through a series of tests,including unconfined compressive strength,water stability coefficient,water absorption rate,drying-wetting cycles,and shrinkage tests.Furthermore,microstructure characteristics were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The study shows that the solidified soil has excellent strength and durability when the SDG stabilizer contains 60% GGBGS,10% DG,and 30% CCS.Additionally,increasing the DG content negatively affects the soil's resistance to water.The SDG stabilizer has potential chemical cementitious characteristics and the calcium carbide slag is rich in calcium ions,which undergo an ion exchange reaction with minerals in the soil.These findings offer new ideas for the development of soil stabilizers.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278429)the Key R&D Program in Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023-ZDLGY-25,2025SF-YBXM-537)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(No.300102315203)Transportation Science and Technology Project in Shaanxi Province(Nos.23-91K,24-14K,24-39K).
文摘The plateau environment not only affects the development of concrete's early strength but also damages its durability during its service life.This paper summarized and analyzed the impact of plateau environments on concrete’properties and proposed methods to improve the performance of concrete in plateau environment.The results indicated that low humidity and high evaporation rates in plateau regions inhibit the hydration of cement in concrete,leading to an increased content of micro-pores ranging from 500 to 1000 nm and raising the risk of early-stage cracking,thus reducing the impermeability of concrete.The low atmospheric pressure(AP)condition of 60 kPa decreases the entrained air content in concrete by over 20%,diminishes the pores under 200μm,and increases the average air-voids diameter and spacing factor,resulting in a decrease of more than 5%in the 28 d compressive strength of concrete.Consequently,the durability of concrete is compromised.Saponin and rosinbased air-entraining agents are recommended to improve the performance of concrete in plateau environments.Nanoparticles also aid in stabilizing bubbles in such conditions.Selecting low-heat specialty cements,increasing the amount of cement used,and extending the curing period are also vital measures to enhance the performance of plateau concrete.
文摘This study applied machine learning methods to predict the durability performance(specifically shrinkage and freeze-thaw resistance)of solid waste-activated cementitious materials.It also offered insights for optimizing material formulations through feature impact analysis.The study collected a total of 130 sets of shrinkage data and 106 sets of freeze-thaw data,establishing various models,including BP,GA-BP,SVM,RF,RBF,and LSTM.The results revealed that the SVM model performed the best on the test dataset.It achieved an R^(2) of 0.9358 for shrinkage prediction,with MAE and RMSE values of 0.4644 and 0.6254,respectively.Regarding freeze-thaw quality loss prediction,the R^(2) was 0.9178,with MAE and RMSE values of 0.3139 and 0.5328,respectively.The study analyzed the impact of different features on the outcomes using the SHAP method,highlighting that the alkaline activator dosage,Al_(2)O_(3),SiO_(2),and water glass modulus were critical factors influencing shrinkage,while CaO,water-cement ratio,water,and Al_(2)O_(3) were crucial for freeze-thaw resistance.By investigating feature interactions through single-factor and two-factor analysis,the study proposed recommendations for optimizing material formulations.This research validated the efficacy of machine learning in predicting the durability of solid waste cementitious materials and offered insights for material optimization through feature impact analysis,thereby laying the groundwork for the development of related materials.
基金Funded by the Key Research and Development Projects of Anhui Province(No.2022a05020026)the Key Technologies R&D Program of CNBM(Nos.2021HX0809,2021HX1011)the Anhui Science and Technology Major Project(No.2021e03020009)。
文摘Iron phosphate based glass-ceramics with deliberately added Ce as an active nuclide simulant were prepared by microwave sintering.The sintering characteristics,including phases and structural evolution,and chemical durability were investigated.XRD showed that NaZr_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) and FePO_(4) became the main crystalline phases of glass-ceramics with increasing sintering temperature.SEM revealed the glass-ceramics compactness increased first and then decreased as sintering temperature increased.Raman spectrum showed that,as sintering temperature increased,the network structure of glass-ceramics changed from mainly containing orthophosphate and pyrophosphate to a single orthophosphate.After immersion for 28 days,LR_(Na),LR_(Zr) and LR_(Ce) of the glass-ceramics prepared at 1000℃ were as low as 3.64×10^(-5),0.25×10^(-9) and 5.70×10^(-9)g/m^(2)/d respectively.The results indicate that iron phosphate based glass-ceramics can be prepared by rapid microwave sintering of glass powders and there is a potential of employing such microwave sintering technique in processing of glass-ceramics nuclear waste form.
文摘The aim of this study is to enhance the value of local earth materials used in the construction of certain homes in the Republic of Guinea. Thus, a trial study to improve the quality of mud bricks using paper fibers obtained by grinding and soaking in water and then drying were used as a stabilizer in the manufacture of these mud bricks from the sample of two sites Dounkiwal (DK) (in Mamou and the sample from the urban commune of Kouroussa). To do this, certain methods and means of identification were carried out, namely: geotechnical, mineralogical and chemical analyses. Sample DK from Mamou has a silty-clay geotechnical characteristic with a plasticity index Ip of 12.75%. However, mineralogical and chemical studies showed that sample Dounkiwal (DK) (Mamou) contains a high proportion of silica and iron oxides (79.63%) and Fe2O3 (11.85%), associated with other alkaline earth oxides and ions: CaO;MgO;SO32−;Cl−, i.e. 3.96%;0.96%;0.28% and 0.039% respectively. Its loss on ignition (LOI) and insoluble residues are 15.40% and 56.36%. The evaluation of the number of huts in Upper and Middle Guinea showed that the populations of these areas have been using mud bricks for several decades in the construction of dwellings. The average value found for the compressive strength of these bricks (from samples I, II and III from Kouroussa) is 0.16 MPa. This value is appreciable in the construction of mud houses.
文摘Batteries,as one of the most important classes of electrochemical energy storage systems,play a critical role in enabling energy sustainability and mobility.In recent years,we have witnessed a prosperous boom of research on battery chemistries and materials aimed at enhancing energy density,reducing costs,and enabling faster charging.While these advancements promote the applications of batteries in various engineering scenarios,they also raise significant safety concerns,particularly as higher energy densities increase the risk of catastrophic failures.Unfortunately,real-world incidents involving electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and largescale energy storage systems have demonstrated the devastating consequences of battery failures,where severe property damage and even loss of life are frequently observed.
文摘It is a good practice to change the site soil properties when dealing with inappropriate soils in geotechnical engineering,referred to as soil improvement.This study investigated the effects of epoxy resin LR202 stabilizer(5 wt%of soil as an optimum percentage)and glass fibers(0 wt%,0.4 wt%and 0.8 wt%of stabilized soil)as reinforcement on silty sand’s durability.For this purpose,the unconfined compressive strength test(12 tests),durability test(12 tests),ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV)test(48 tests),and standard compactions test(5 tests)were performed.The results of this study showed that the addition of epoxy resin improves the durability of silty sand soil.The stabilized samples containing 5 wt%epoxy resin resisted 12 freeze-thaw cycles,and the sample behavior was enhanced by adding 0.4 wt%and 0.8 wt%fibers to the stabilized samples.Hence,the samples stabilized with epoxy resin exhibited acceptable behavior under freeze-thaw durability cycles.This indicates that epoxy resin stabilizer is appropriate in areas with possible frost and exhibits good behavior.The results of the UPV test showed that it could be used as a non-destructive test to control the durability of epoxy resin-stabilized soils.
文摘In the pursuit of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),obtaining durable Pt-based intermetallic catalysts with small particle sizes for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)stands as a crucial yet challenging topic.Herein,we propose an idea of catalyst design utilizing Fe-phenanthroline(Phen)complex as precursor to integrate metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)with the strong anchoring effect into carbon shells,synthesizing highly ordered and small-sized(3.59 nm)PtFe intermetallic catalyst coated with iron-nitrogen-carbon(FeNC)shells(L1_(0)-PtFe@FeNC).The strong Fe-Phen interaction ensures the uniform dispersion of Fe species on Pt seeds so as to form protective shells suppressing the agglomeration and dissolution of PtFe nanoparticles(NPs)under the high-temperature annealing or harsh operational conditions.It exhibits excellent mass activity(MA)that is about five-fold increase compared to the commercial Pt/C,as well as the significantly improved MA retention after 30,000 potential cycles(68.2%vs.45.3%).Nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)shells and pure carbon(C)shells are used as comparison to demonstrate the advantages of FeNC shells.Durability test results show that NC and C shells obviously degrade after potential cycles,while well-preserved FeNC shells guarantee catalyst stability.Theoretical calculations reveal that the strong binding between FeNC shells and the Pt surface enhances the stability of both the nanoparticles and the FeNC shells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272175,U2001215 and 12474226)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Programme(No.2025A04J2596)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2024A1515012688,2022A1515011487,2021A1515110403 and 2023A1515010652)the Young Top Talents Program(No.2021QN02C068)State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies of Sun Yat-sen University.
文摘Pulsed-laser deposition has been developed to prepare large-area In_(2)S_(3)nanofilms and their photoelectric characteristics have been investigated.The In_(2)S_(3)nanofilm grown under 500℃is highly oriented along the(103)direction with exceptional crystallinity.The corresponding(103)-oriented In_(2)S_(3)photodetectors exhibit broadband photoresponse from 370.6 nm to 1064 nm.Under 635 nm illumination,the optimized responsivity,external quantum efficiency,and detectivity reach 19.8 A/W,3869%,and 2.59×10^(12)Jones,respectively.In addition,the device exhibits short rise/decay time of 3.9/3.0 ms.Of note,first-principles calculations have unveiled that the effective carrier mass along the(103)lattice plane is much smaller than those along the(100),(110)and(111)lattice planes,which thereby enables high-efficiency transport of photocarriers and thereby the excellent photosensitivity.Profited from the sizable bandgap,the In_(2)S_(3)photodetectors also showcase strong robustness against elevated operating temperature.In the end,proof-of-concept imaging application beyond human vision and under high operating temperature as well as heart rate monitoring have been achieved by using the In_(2)S_(3)device of the sensing component.This study introduces a novel crystal orientation engineering paradigm for the implementation of next-generation advanced optoelectronic systems.
