Energetic compounds bearing the trinitromethyl group are garnering broad attraction as potential candidates for a new generation of high energy dense oxidizers.In this work,an effective dual modulation strategy involv...Energetic compounds bearing the trinitromethyl group are garnering broad attraction as potential candidates for a new generation of high energy dense oxidizers.In this work,an effective dual modulation strategy involving both molecular isomerization and crystal morphology control was employed to design and optimize trinitromethyl-oxadiazole with improved comprehensive performance.Utilizing this dual strategy,3,5-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole(3)was synthesized,resulting in the formation of two distinct crystal morphologies(needle and sheet)corresponding to two crystal forms(3-a and3-b).Encouragingly,while maintaining ultra-high oxygen balance(21.73%),3 achieves impressive densities(1.97-1.98 g/cm^(3)).To our knowledge,the density of 1.98 g/cm^(3)for 3-a sets a new record among that of nitrogen-rich monocyclic compounds.Notably,practical crystal morphology prediction was creatively introduced to guide the experimental crystallization conditions of 3,increasing the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity from 1 J to 80 N(3-a)to 10 J and 240 N(3-b),respectively.Additionally,the crystal structural analyses and theoretical calculations were conducted to elucidate the reasons of differences between 3-a and 3-b in density and stability.This work provides an efficient strategy to enhance performance of trinitromethyl derivatives,broadening the path and expanding the toolbox for energetic materials.展开更多
The novel BaTiO3/BiFeO3/TiO2 multilayer heterojunction is prepared on a fluorine-doped tinoxide(FTO) substrate by the sol–gel method. The results indicate that the Pt/Ba TiO3/BiFeO3/TiO2/FTO heterojunction exhibits s...The novel BaTiO3/BiFeO3/TiO2 multilayer heterojunction is prepared on a fluorine-doped tinoxide(FTO) substrate by the sol–gel method. The results indicate that the Pt/Ba TiO3/BiFeO3/TiO2/FTO heterojunction exhibits stable bipolar resistive switching characteristic, good retention performance, and reversal characteristic. Under different pulse voltages and light fields, four stable resistance states can also be realized. The analysis shows that the main conduction mechanism of the resistive switching characteristic of the heterojunction is space charge limited current(SCLC) effect. After the comprehensive analysis of the band diagram and the P–E ferroelectric property of the multilayer heterojunction, we can deduce that the SCLC is formed by the effect of the oxygen vacancy which is controlled by ferroelectric polarizationmodulated change of interfacial barrier. And the effective photo-generated carrier also plays a regulatory role in resistance state(RS), which is formed by the double ferroelectric layer Ba TiO3/BiFeO3 under different light fields. This research is of potential application values for developing the multi-state non-volatile resistance random access memory(RRAM) devices based on ferroelectric materials.展开更多
Vanadium-based electrode materials are widely investigated,but the low specific capacity and slow electrochemical kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries still limit their commercial development.Herein,the VS_(2)/Ca V_...Vanadium-based electrode materials are widely investigated,but the low specific capacity and slow electrochemical kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries still limit their commercial development.Herein,the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)material with the morphology of nanoflower was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method.Compared to the blocky structure of pure VS_(2)material,the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)material is composed of thinner homogeneous nanosheets.The open structures could provide abundant electrochemical active sites and ion transport channels,and then promote the electrochemical reaction kinetics.In addition,they can also buffer the bulk strain during the reaction process.To improve the utilization of vanadium elements,an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy is used to explore the storage performance of the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)material,the different activation voltage range of 0.4–1.6 and 0.4–1.4 V are selected,respectively.Compared with the longer activation plateau of activated-VS_(2),the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode could quickly reach the activation state in the range of 1.4–1.6 V and cause the release of additional Zn storage sites simultaneously.The VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode delivers a higher power density of 37,000 W kg^(-1)and a significant energy density of 423 Wh kg^(-1).At the high current density of 15 A g^(-1),the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode still has a discharge capacity of 183.9m Ah g^(-1)after 5,000 cycles,and the capacity decay rate per cycle is only 0.0042%.Continuous cyclic voltammetry(CV)curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)measurements,density functional theory(DFT)calculation and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)measurements demonstrate that the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode has a faster ion diffusion/charge transfer kinetics.Meanwhile,the assembled flexible device has an excellent mechanical stability.展开更多
In AC microgrids(ACMG),hierarchical control is widely adopted,and conventionally,communication links are required between converters to transmit control instructions.However,establishing these communication links incr...In AC microgrids(ACMG),hierarchical control is widely adopted,and conventionally,communication links are required between converters to transmit control instructions.However,establishing these communication links increases system complexity and introduces communication delays.Consequently,there is an urgent need for highly integrated communication schemes in ACMG.Power and signal dual modulation(PSDM)offers an integrated communication solution that simultaneously modulates and transmits power and data in power electronic systems.In contrast,existing research primarily focuses on DC systems.In this paper,PSDM for cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverters is proposed.The communication function is integrated into the power conversion process by modulating the data around the zero-crossing point of AC bus voltage,without interfering with power transmission.The harmonic effect and power losses introduced by this novel strategy in power transmission are further explored,offering theoretical guidance for designing DCAC PSDM systems.The proposed method has been implemented in an experimental platform of ACMG.The experimental results validated the proposed modulation scheme for full-duplex communication with a bit rate of 300bps.展开更多
To effectively enhanced structural stability and cycling performance,a dual carbon protection strategy is proposed to fabricate Si nanoparticles encapsulated in citric acid(CA)-derived inner carbon layer and zeolitic ...To effectively enhanced structural stability and cycling performance,a dual carbon protection strategy is proposed to fabricate Si nanoparticles encapsulated in citric acid(CA)-derived inner carbon layer and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67) derived outer carbon layer(Si@C-CA@c-ZIF).The results reveal that citric acid-derived carbon facilitates a uniform ZIF-67 coating on the Si surface and serves as the inner carbon precursor to reduce volumetric expansion of Si particles,more importantly,it can enhance the transport of electrons and ions between Si particles and ZIF-67-derived carbon.The ZIF-67-derived outer carbon layer further restricts Si particle expansion and enhances conductivity.Evaluated as anode material for lithium ion batteries,the Si@C-CA@c-ZIF anode demonstrates outstanding lithium storage performance,the high specific capacity is high to 924 m A·h·g^(-1)at 1.0 A·g^(-1) after 10 cycles of activation,and it still maintains a reversible capacity of 703.3 m A·h·g^(-1) after 1000 cycles,along with a capacity retention of 76.1%.This work highlights the effectiveness of the dual carbon framework in addressing the volume expansion and conductivity limitations of Si,with potential applications for other high-capacity anode materials.展开更多
In this paper,a novel dual flux modulation(DFM)machine with consequent-pole spoke-array permanent magnets(PMs)in both stator and rotor is proposed to achieve a larger torque density than regular flux modulation machin...In this paper,a novel dual flux modulation(DFM)machine with consequent-pole spoke-array permanent magnets(PMs)in both stator and rotor is proposed to achieve a larger torque density than regular flux modulation machines.The stator has two portions of PMs,one is set next to the stator slot with circumferential magnetization,and the other is inserted between the stator yoke and flux bridge with radial magnetization.The rotor has consequent-pole spoke-array PMs and alternative flux bridges.The proposed DFMPM machine can be regarded as the combination of the flux switching PM(FSPM)machine and vernier PM(VPM)machine.First,the structure and operational principle are introduced.Then,the proposed 12-stator-slot/10-rotor-tooth dual flux modulation permanent magnet(DFMPM)machine is compared with the FSPM machine and VPM machine in terms of flux lines distribution,back-electromotive force(EMF),cogging torque and average torque.Finally,the four proposed DFMPM machines are optimized for maximum average torque and minimum ripple torque considering the effects of split ratio,slot opening ratio,PM depth,PM angle and iron angle.展开更多
To achieve high power rating and low current harmonics of motor drive,this paper develops a dual three-phase open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor(DTP-OW-PMSM)drive with the DC-link voltage ratio of 2:1:1.Ba...To achieve high power rating and low current harmonics of motor drive,this paper develops a dual three-phase open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor(DTP-OW-PMSM)drive with the DC-link voltage ratio of 2:1:1.Based on this topology,this paper proposes a DTP four-level space vector pulse width modulation(DTP-FL SVPWM)strategy.First,two identical three-phase four-level space vector diagrams are constructed and divided.Then,three adjacent vectors nearest to the reference vector in each diagram are selected for the vector synthesis to guarantee high modulation precision and low switching frequency.Furthermore,to avoid the modulation error caused by the voltage deviation,the proposed DTP-FL SVPWM strategy is further optimized through unified duty ratio compensation(UDRC).The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified through experiments.展开更多
Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:117 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01660-0 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the supplementary file needed to be updated because th...Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:117 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01660-0 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the supplementary file needed to be updated because they mistakenly used the incorrect version.The original article[1]has been corrected.展开更多
A module pair （C, T） over an Artin algebra A is called a tilting pair if both C and T are selforthogonal modules and the conditions T e ada C and C ∈ add T hold. The duality on a tilting pair is investigated to dis...A module pair （C, T） over an Artin algebra A is called a tilting pair if both C and T are selforthogonal modules and the conditions T e ada C and C ∈ add T hold. The duality on a tilting pair is investigated to discuss the condition under which the dual of a tilting pair is also a tilting pair. A necessary and sufficient condition of （D（7）, D（C） ） being an n-tilting pair over an Artin algebra for an n-tilting pair （ C, 7） is given. And, a necessary and sufficient condition of （ T^＊, C^＊ ） being an ntilting pair over a selfinjective Artin algebra for an n-tilting pair （C, 7） is also given.展开更多
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally,with only one Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for its treatment.Given MASLD's com...Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally,with only one Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for its treatment.Given MASLD's complex pathophysiology,ther-apies that simultaneously target multiple pathways are highly desirable.One promising approach is dual-modulation of the famesoid X receptor(FXR),which regulates lipid and bile acid metabolism.However,FXR agonists alone are insufficient due to their limited anti-inflammatory effects.This study aimed to dto identify natural products capable of both FXR activation and inflammation inhibition to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for MASLD.Potential FXR ligands from the Natural Product Library were predicted via virtual screening using the Protein Preparation Wizard module in Schrodinger(2018)for molecular docking.Direct binding and regulation of candidate compounds on FXR were analyzed using surface plasmon resonance(SPR)binding assay,reporter gene ana-lysis,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds were eval-uated in AML12 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α).Dual-function compounds with FXR agonism and inflamma-tion inhibition were further identified in cells transfected with Fxr siRNA and treated with TNF-α.The effects of these dual-function compounds on lipid accumulation and inflammation were evaluated in cells treated with palmitic acid.Results revealed that 17 natural products were predicted via computational molecular docking as potential FXR agonists,with 15 exhibiting a strong affinity for FXR recombinant protein.Nine isoflavone compounds significantly enhanced FXR reporter luciferase activity and the mRNA expressions of Shp and Ostb.Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that introducing isopropyl or methoxy groups at the C7 position or a methoxy group at the C6 position could enhance the agonistic efficacy of isoflavones.Three compounds(2,6,and 8)were identified as dual-function natural products functioning as FXR agonists and inflammatory inhibitors,while one compound(12)acted as an FXR agonist to inhibit inflammation.These natural products protected hepatocytes against palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation and in-flammation.In conclusion,compounds 2,6,and 8(genistein,biochanin A,and 7-methoxyisoflavone,respectively)were identified as dual-function bioactive products that transactivate FXR and inhibit inflammation,serving as potential candidates or lead compounds for MASLD therapy.展开更多
In massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)systems utilizing frequency division duplexing,optimizing system performance requires user equipment(UE)to compress downlink channel state information(CSI)and transmit it...In massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)systems utilizing frequency division duplexing,optimizing system performance requires user equipment(UE)to compress downlink channel state information(CSI)and transmit it to the base station(BS).As the number of antennas increases,there is a significant rise in the overhead related to CSI feedback,posing considerable challenges to the precise acquisition of CSI by the BS.Existing approaches to CSI feedback utilizing deep learning techniques face challenges such as significant feedback overhead and limited precision in the reconstruction process.This study presents a novel lightweight CSI feedback framework known as the dual attention neural network(DANet).Within the DANet architecture,a dual attention module(DAM)is designed to enhance the network's performance.This DAM includes both channel attention blocks and spatial attention blocks.The channel attention blocks direct the model's focus toward channel features rich in information content while simultaneously suppressing less significant features.This approach enables the extraction of temporal correlations within the CSI matrix.The spatial attention block aids in extracting the correlation between the delay domain and the angle domain in the CSI matrix.By enhancing neural network performance,the DAM reduces information dispersion while enhancing the representation of global interactions.Simulation results demonstrate that DANet exhibits superior normalized mean square error and cosine similarity with comparable complexity compared to existing advanced CSI feedback methods.展开更多
Single voltage vectors applied in the conventional model predictive torque control(MPTC)for multiphase motors do not only suffer from serious torque and stator flux ripples but also cause the large harmonic current.To...Single voltage vectors applied in the conventional model predictive torque control(MPTC)for multiphase motors do not only suffer from serious torque and stator flux ripples but also cause the large harmonic current.To address the aforementioned challenges,an MPTC using a modified dual virtual vector modulation method is proposed to improve the operational performance of a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.Virtual voltage vectors are synthesized as the candidate control set to restrain the harmonic current.A transformation method is introduced to consider both the stator flux and torque in the duty cycle modulation.The torque and stator flux ripples are simultaneously reduced by addressing the limitations of nonuniform units.Furthermore,the null voltage vector is then inserted to expand the modulation range and improve the steady-state performance.Moreover,the sawtooth carrier is adopted to address the challenge of the asymmetric switch sequence caused by the modified modulation.Finally,the experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MPTC method.展开更多
A new scheme is offered for minimizing carrier Rayleigh backscattering(CRB) in single feeder fiber based wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network(WDM-PON). The proposed scheme is based on single side ba...A new scheme is offered for minimizing carrier Rayleigh backscattering(CRB) in single feeder fiber based wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network(WDM-PON). The proposed scheme is based on single side band carrier suppressed(SSBCS) signal, both at network and receiver sides, used for the first time at optical line terminal(OLT) and optical network unit(ONU) sides. We use dual-drive Mach-zehnder modulator(DD-MZM) for generating SSB-CS signals, which decreases the expense per bit in full transmission. SSB-CS mitigates CRB, both at OLT and ONU sides, because of having no chance of reflections from the carrier. Since no extra dedicated RF or laser source is used at ONU side, we thus achieve cost effective colorless WDM-PON system. Suppressed signals from four channels, each of 10 Gbps, are multiplexed before injecting into the fiber span of 25 km at OLT. At ONU side, half of the downlink power is used for re-modulating the data signal. The simulation results show an errorfree transmission. Moreover, the detailed power budget calculations show that the proposed scheme can be sought out for splitting ratio up to 128. Hence it offers enough system's margin for unseen losses.展开更多
In this paper, we characterize the structure of group graded primitive rings having minimal graded one-sided ideals in terms of graded dual modules. We also show that two structure representations of this class of gra...In this paper, we characterize the structure of group graded primitive rings having minimal graded one-sided ideals in terms of graded dual modules. We also show that two structure representations of this class of graded primitive rings are both in a sense uniquely determined by the graded primitive rings considered.展开更多
For a commtative ring R and an injective cogenerator E in the category of R-modules, we characterize QF rings, IF rings and semihereditary rings by using the properties of the dual modules with respect to E.
The concepts of strongly lifting modules and strongly dual Rickart modules are introduced and their properties are studied and relations between them are given in this paper. It is shown that a strongly lifting module...The concepts of strongly lifting modules and strongly dual Rickart modules are introduced and their properties are studied and relations between them are given in this paper. It is shown that a strongly lifting module has the strongly summand sum property and the generalized Hopfian property, and a ring R is a strongly regular ring if and only if RR is a strongly dual Rickart module, if and only if aR is a fully invariant direct summand of RR for every a∈R.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22375021,22235003,22261132516&22205021)the BIT Research and Innovation 265 Promoting Project(Grant No.2023YCXZ017)。
文摘Energetic compounds bearing the trinitromethyl group are garnering broad attraction as potential candidates for a new generation of high energy dense oxidizers.In this work,an effective dual modulation strategy involving both molecular isomerization and crystal morphology control was employed to design and optimize trinitromethyl-oxadiazole with improved comprehensive performance.Utilizing this dual strategy,3,5-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole(3)was synthesized,resulting in the formation of two distinct crystal morphologies(needle and sheet)corresponding to two crystal forms(3-a and3-b).Encouragingly,while maintaining ultra-high oxygen balance(21.73%),3 achieves impressive densities(1.97-1.98 g/cm^(3)).To our knowledge,the density of 1.98 g/cm^(3)for 3-a sets a new record among that of nitrogen-rich monocyclic compounds.Notably,practical crystal morphology prediction was creatively introduced to guide the experimental crystallization conditions of 3,increasing the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity from 1 J to 80 N(3-a)to 10 J and 240 N(3-b),respectively.Additionally,the crystal structural analyses and theoretical calculations were conducted to elucidate the reasons of differences between 3-a and 3-b in density and stability.This work provides an efficient strategy to enhance performance of trinitromethyl derivatives,broadening the path and expanding the toolbox for energetic materials.
基金Project supported by the Scientific Research Program of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China(Grant No.18C0232)the International Cooperative Extension Program of Changsha University of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2019IC35)
文摘The novel BaTiO3/BiFeO3/TiO2 multilayer heterojunction is prepared on a fluorine-doped tinoxide(FTO) substrate by the sol–gel method. The results indicate that the Pt/Ba TiO3/BiFeO3/TiO2/FTO heterojunction exhibits stable bipolar resistive switching characteristic, good retention performance, and reversal characteristic. Under different pulse voltages and light fields, four stable resistance states can also be realized. The analysis shows that the main conduction mechanism of the resistive switching characteristic of the heterojunction is space charge limited current(SCLC) effect. After the comprehensive analysis of the band diagram and the P–E ferroelectric property of the multilayer heterojunction, we can deduce that the SCLC is formed by the effect of the oxygen vacancy which is controlled by ferroelectric polarizationmodulated change of interfacial barrier. And the effective photo-generated carrier also plays a regulatory role in resistance state(RS), which is formed by the double ferroelectric layer Ba TiO3/BiFeO3 under different light fields. This research is of potential application values for developing the multi-state non-volatile resistance random access memory(RRAM) devices based on ferroelectric materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22269024,22068037)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2024GX-YBXM-439,2021GY-166)+1 种基金the Ph.D.Research Startup Foundation of Yan’an University(YDBK202022,YDBK2018-06)the Major Research and Development Project of Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Professional Technology Innovation Platform(2019ZY-CXPT-08)。
文摘Vanadium-based electrode materials are widely investigated,but the low specific capacity and slow electrochemical kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries still limit their commercial development.Herein,the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)material with the morphology of nanoflower was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method.Compared to the blocky structure of pure VS_(2)material,the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)material is composed of thinner homogeneous nanosheets.The open structures could provide abundant electrochemical active sites and ion transport channels,and then promote the electrochemical reaction kinetics.In addition,they can also buffer the bulk strain during the reaction process.To improve the utilization of vanadium elements,an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy is used to explore the storage performance of the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)material,the different activation voltage range of 0.4–1.6 and 0.4–1.4 V are selected,respectively.Compared with the longer activation plateau of activated-VS_(2),the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode could quickly reach the activation state in the range of 1.4–1.6 V and cause the release of additional Zn storage sites simultaneously.The VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode delivers a higher power density of 37,000 W kg^(-1)and a significant energy density of 423 Wh kg^(-1).At the high current density of 15 A g^(-1),the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode still has a discharge capacity of 183.9m Ah g^(-1)after 5,000 cycles,and the capacity decay rate per cycle is only 0.0042%.Continuous cyclic voltammetry(CV)curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)measurements,density functional theory(DFT)calculation and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)measurements demonstrate that the VS_(2)/Ca V_(4)O_(9)cathode has a faster ion diffusion/charge transfer kinetics.Meanwhile,the assembled flexible device has an excellent mechanical stability.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52350003in part by the Royal Society Research Grant(RG/R1/251624).
文摘In AC microgrids(ACMG),hierarchical control is widely adopted,and conventionally,communication links are required between converters to transmit control instructions.However,establishing these communication links increases system complexity and introduces communication delays.Consequently,there is an urgent need for highly integrated communication schemes in ACMG.Power and signal dual modulation(PSDM)offers an integrated communication solution that simultaneously modulates and transmits power and data in power electronic systems.In contrast,existing research primarily focuses on DC systems.In this paper,PSDM for cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverters is proposed.The communication function is integrated into the power conversion process by modulating the data around the zero-crossing point of AC bus voltage,without interfering with power transmission.The harmonic effect and power losses introduced by this novel strategy in power transmission are further explored,offering theoretical guidance for designing DCAC PSDM systems.The proposed method has been implemented in an experimental platform of ACMG.The experimental results validated the proposed modulation scheme for full-duplex communication with a bit rate of 300bps.
基金financially supported by Industry foresight and common key technology research in Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Special Project from Zhenjiang city (CG2023003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22379056,22409076)。
文摘To effectively enhanced structural stability and cycling performance,a dual carbon protection strategy is proposed to fabricate Si nanoparticles encapsulated in citric acid(CA)-derived inner carbon layer and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67) derived outer carbon layer(Si@C-CA@c-ZIF).The results reveal that citric acid-derived carbon facilitates a uniform ZIF-67 coating on the Si surface and serves as the inner carbon precursor to reduce volumetric expansion of Si particles,more importantly,it can enhance the transport of electrons and ions between Si particles and ZIF-67-derived carbon.The ZIF-67-derived outer carbon layer further restricts Si particle expansion and enhances conductivity.Evaluated as anode material for lithium ion batteries,the Si@C-CA@c-ZIF anode demonstrates outstanding lithium storage performance,the high specific capacity is high to 924 m A·h·g^(-1)at 1.0 A·g^(-1) after 10 cycles of activation,and it still maintains a reversible capacity of 703.3 m A·h·g^(-1) after 1000 cycles,along with a capacity retention of 76.1%.This work highlights the effectiveness of the dual carbon framework in addressing the volume expansion and conductivity limitations of Si,with potential applications for other high-capacity anode materials.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Project Number 51520105010 and 51607079。
文摘In this paper,a novel dual flux modulation(DFM)machine with consequent-pole spoke-array permanent magnets(PMs)in both stator and rotor is proposed to achieve a larger torque density than regular flux modulation machines.The stator has two portions of PMs,one is set next to the stator slot with circumferential magnetization,and the other is inserted between the stator yoke and flux bridge with radial magnetization.The rotor has consequent-pole spoke-array PMs and alternative flux bridges.The proposed DFMPM machine can be regarded as the combination of the flux switching PM(FSPM)machine and vernier PM(VPM)machine.First,the structure and operational principle are introduced.Then,the proposed 12-stator-slot/10-rotor-tooth dual flux modulation permanent magnet(DFMPM)machine is compared with the FSPM machine and VPM machine in terms of flux lines distribution,back-electromotive force(EMF),cogging torque and average torque.Finally,the four proposed DFMPM machines are optimized for maximum average torque and minimum ripple torque considering the effects of split ratio,slot opening ratio,PM depth,PM angle and iron angle.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62303333in part by the Project of Hetao Shenzhen-Hong Kong Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Zone under Grant HZQB-KCZYB-2020083.
文摘To achieve high power rating and low current harmonics of motor drive,this paper develops a dual three-phase open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor(DTP-OW-PMSM)drive with the DC-link voltage ratio of 2:1:1.Based on this topology,this paper proposes a DTP four-level space vector pulse width modulation(DTP-FL SVPWM)strategy.First,two identical three-phase four-level space vector diagrams are constructed and divided.Then,three adjacent vectors nearest to the reference vector in each diagram are selected for the vector synthesis to guarantee high modulation precision and low switching frequency.Furthermore,to avoid the modulation error caused by the voltage deviation,the proposed DTP-FL SVPWM strategy is further optimized through unified duty ratio compensation(UDRC).The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified through experiments.
文摘Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:117 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01660-0 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the supplementary file needed to be updated because they mistakenly used the incorrect version.The original article[1]has been corrected.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10971024)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education ( No. 200802860024)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province ( No. BK2010393 )Scientific Research Foundation of Guangxi University ( No. XJZ100246)
文摘A module pair （C, T） over an Artin algebra A is called a tilting pair if both C and T are selforthogonal modules and the conditions T e ada C and C ∈ add T hold. The duality on a tilting pair is investigated to discuss the condition under which the dual of a tilting pair is also a tilting pair. A necessary and sufficient condition of （D（7）, D（C） ） being an n-tilting pair over an Artin algebra for an n-tilting pair （ C, 7） is given. And, a necessary and sufficient condition of （ T^＊, C^＊ ） being an ntilting pair over a selfinjective Artin algebra for an n-tilting pair （C, 7） is also given.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81930109,82321005,82073926,82373946 and 82073928)the Major State Basic Research DevelopmentProgramofChina(Nos.2021YFA1301300and 2022YFA1303800)+3 种基金Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(No.G20582017001)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines,China Pharmaceutical University(Nos.SKLNMZZ202202 and SKLNMZZ202402)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2632023TD10)the Project Program of Basic Science Research Center Base(Pharmaceutical Science)of Yantai University(No.Y202204).
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally,with only one Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for its treatment.Given MASLD's complex pathophysiology,ther-apies that simultaneously target multiple pathways are highly desirable.One promising approach is dual-modulation of the famesoid X receptor(FXR),which regulates lipid and bile acid metabolism.However,FXR agonists alone are insufficient due to their limited anti-inflammatory effects.This study aimed to dto identify natural products capable of both FXR activation and inflammation inhibition to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for MASLD.Potential FXR ligands from the Natural Product Library were predicted via virtual screening using the Protein Preparation Wizard module in Schrodinger(2018)for molecular docking.Direct binding and regulation of candidate compounds on FXR were analyzed using surface plasmon resonance(SPR)binding assay,reporter gene ana-lysis,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds were eval-uated in AML12 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α).Dual-function compounds with FXR agonism and inflamma-tion inhibition were further identified in cells transfected with Fxr siRNA and treated with TNF-α.The effects of these dual-function compounds on lipid accumulation and inflammation were evaluated in cells treated with palmitic acid.Results revealed that 17 natural products were predicted via computational molecular docking as potential FXR agonists,with 15 exhibiting a strong affinity for FXR recombinant protein.Nine isoflavone compounds significantly enhanced FXR reporter luciferase activity and the mRNA expressions of Shp and Ostb.Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that introducing isopropyl or methoxy groups at the C7 position or a methoxy group at the C6 position could enhance the agonistic efficacy of isoflavones.Three compounds(2,6,and 8)were identified as dual-function natural products functioning as FXR agonists and inflammatory inhibitors,while one compound(12)acted as an FXR agonist to inhibit inflammation.These natural products protected hepatocytes against palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation and in-flammation.In conclusion,compounds 2,6,and 8(genistein,biochanin A,and 7-methoxyisoflavone,respectively)were identified as dual-function bioactive products that transactivate FXR and inhibit inflammation,serving as potential candidates or lead compounds for MASLD therapy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12005108)。
文摘In massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)systems utilizing frequency division duplexing,optimizing system performance requires user equipment(UE)to compress downlink channel state information(CSI)and transmit it to the base station(BS).As the number of antennas increases,there is a significant rise in the overhead related to CSI feedback,posing considerable challenges to the precise acquisition of CSI by the BS.Existing approaches to CSI feedback utilizing deep learning techniques face challenges such as significant feedback overhead and limited precision in the reconstruction process.This study presents a novel lightweight CSI feedback framework known as the dual attention neural network(DANet).Within the DANet architecture,a dual attention module(DAM)is designed to enhance the network's performance.This DAM includes both channel attention blocks and spatial attention blocks.The channel attention blocks direct the model's focus toward channel features rich in information content while simultaneously suppressing less significant features.This approach enables the extraction of temporal correlations within the CSI matrix.The spatial attention block aids in extracting the correlation between the delay domain and the angle domain in the CSI matrix.By enhancing neural network performance,the DAM reduces information dispersion while enhancing the representation of global interactions.Simulation results demonstrate that DANet exhibits superior normalized mean square error and cosine similarity with comparable complexity compared to existing advanced CSI feedback methods.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51977099the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20191225the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Single voltage vectors applied in the conventional model predictive torque control(MPTC)for multiphase motors do not only suffer from serious torque and stator flux ripples but also cause the large harmonic current.To address the aforementioned challenges,an MPTC using a modified dual virtual vector modulation method is proposed to improve the operational performance of a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.Virtual voltage vectors are synthesized as the candidate control set to restrain the harmonic current.A transformation method is introduced to consider both the stator flux and torque in the duty cycle modulation.The torque and stator flux ripples are simultaneously reduced by addressing the limitations of nonuniform units.Furthermore,the null voltage vector is then inserted to expand the modulation range and improve the steady-state performance.Moreover,the sawtooth carrier is adopted to address the challenge of the asymmetric switch sequence caused by the modified modulation.Finally,the experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MPTC method.
基金financial supports from National High Technology 863 Program of China(No. 2013AA013403,2013AA013301/02,20 15AA015501/02)National NSFC(No. 61425022/61307086/ 61475024/6127515 8/61201151/61275074/61205066)+4 种基金NITC (No.2012DFG12110)Beijing Nova Program(No.Z141101001814048)Beijing Excellent Ph.D.Thesis Guidance Foundation (No.20121001302) are gratefully acknowledgedsupported by the Universities Ph.D.Special Research Funds (No.20120005110003/ 20120005120007)Fund of State Key Laboratory of IPOC (BUPT)
文摘A new scheme is offered for minimizing carrier Rayleigh backscattering(CRB) in single feeder fiber based wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network(WDM-PON). The proposed scheme is based on single side band carrier suppressed(SSBCS) signal, both at network and receiver sides, used for the first time at optical line terminal(OLT) and optical network unit(ONU) sides. We use dual-drive Mach-zehnder modulator(DD-MZM) for generating SSB-CS signals, which decreases the expense per bit in full transmission. SSB-CS mitigates CRB, both at OLT and ONU sides, because of having no chance of reflections from the carrier. Since no extra dedicated RF or laser source is used at ONU side, we thus achieve cost effective colorless WDM-PON system. Suppressed signals from four channels, each of 10 Gbps, are multiplexed before injecting into the fiber span of 25 km at OLT. At ONU side, half of the downlink power is used for re-modulating the data signal. The simulation results show an errorfree transmission. Moreover, the detailed power budget calculations show that the proposed scheme can be sought out for splitting ratio up to 128. Hence it offers enough system's margin for unseen losses.
基金Foundation item:The NSF(993521738)of Liaoning Education Department
文摘In this paper, we characterize the structure of group graded primitive rings having minimal graded one-sided ideals in terms of graded dual modules. We also show that two structure representations of this class of graded primitive rings are both in a sense uniquely determined by the graded primitive rings considered.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42277011 and 42477015)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750400).
文摘This study develops a Photovoltaic Thermo-Electro Dual Module System(PTEDMS)integrating electrical resistance heating,elec-trokinetic transport,and solar-thermal storage for soil decontam-ination.Machine learning strategies optimize photovoltaic energy allocation to overcome intermittency,enhance mass transport,and promote sustainable,low-carbon soil remediation.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10001017)Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chi
文摘For a commtative ring R and an injective cogenerator E in the category of R-modules, we characterize QF rings, IF rings and semihereditary rings by using the properties of the dual modules with respect to E.
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province （No. 1310RJZA029） and the Fundamental Research F~nds for the Universities in Gansu Province.
文摘The concepts of strongly lifting modules and strongly dual Rickart modules are introduced and their properties are studied and relations between them are given in this paper. It is shown that a strongly lifting module has the strongly summand sum property and the generalized Hopfian property, and a ring R is a strongly regular ring if and only if RR is a strongly dual Rickart module, if and only if aR is a fully invariant direct summand of RR for every a∈R.
