直接转矩控制(DTC)因其动态响应快、结构简单等优势,在交流电机高性能驱动领域备受关注。本文以ACS6000中同步电机(SM)控制系统为研究对象,深入分析了DTC算法的核心原理及其在转矩与磁链双闭环控制中的实现方法。基于MATLAB/Simulink平...直接转矩控制(DTC)因其动态响应快、结构简单等优势,在交流电机高性能驱动领域备受关注。本文以ACS6000中同步电机(SM)控制系统为研究对象,深入分析了DTC算法的核心原理及其在转矩与磁链双闭环控制中的实现方法。基于MATLAB/Simulink平台构建了DTC系统的精细化仿真模型,重点解决电压–电流模型误差补偿、离散化开关逻辑设计及磁链观测器鲁棒性优化等关键问题。仿真结果表明,DTC算法在同步电机控制中可实现5 ms内转矩阶跃响应,验证了其在动态性能与抗扰能力上的优越性。本研究为ACS6000系统的优化维护提供了技术支撑。Direct Torque Control (DTC) has attracted significant attention in the field of high-performance AC motor drives due to its fast dynamic response and simple structure. This paper takes the synchronous motor (SM) control system in ACS6000 as the research object, deeply analyzes the core principle of the DTC algorithm and its implementation method in the double closed-loop control of torque and flux linkage. Based on the MATLAB/Simulink platform, a refined simulation model of the DTC system is constructed, focusing on solving key issues such as voltage-current model error compensation, discrete switch logic design, and robustness optimization of the flux linkage observer. Simulation results show that the DTC algorithm can achieve a torque step response within 5ms in synchronous motor control, verifying its superiority in dynamic performance and disturbance rejection capability. This research provides technical support for the optimization and maintenance of the ACS6000 system.展开更多
Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease characterized by early metastasis. Ane- uploid CD31- disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and CD31+ disseminated tumor endothelial cells (DTECs) resi...Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease characterized by early metastasis. Ane- uploid CD31- disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and CD31+ disseminated tumor endothelial cells (DTECs) residing in the bone marrow are generally considered as the initiators of metastatic process. However, the clinical signifi- cance of DTCs and DTECs in SCLC remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical implications of diverse subtypes of highly heterogeneous DTCs and DTECs in SCLC patients. Methods: Subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) was applied to enrich and perform comprehensive morphologic, karyotypic, and phenotypic characterization of aneuploid DTCs and DTECs in 30 patients. Additionally, co-detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor endothelial cells (CTECs) was conducted on 24 of the enrolled patients. Proof-of-concept of the whole exon sequencings (WES) on precisely selected different subtypes of CTCs or DTCs, longitudinally detected from a representative case with pathologically confirmed bone marrow metastasis, was validated to feasibly reveal genetic mutations in these cells. Results: DTCs, DTECs and their subtypes were readily detectable in SCLC patients. Comparative analysis re- vealed that the number of DTCs and DTECs was significantly higher than that of their corresponding CTCs and CTECs ( P < 0.001 for both). Positive detection of disseminated tumor microemboli (DTM) or disseminated tumor endothelial microemboli (DTEM) was associated with inferior survival outcomes ( P = 0.046 and P = 0.048). Pa- tients with EpCAM+ DTCs detectable displayed significantly lower disease control rate (DCR) (16.67% vs 73.33%, P = 0.019), reduced median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) compared with those with EpCAM- DTCs ( P = 0.028 and P = 0.002, respectively). WES analysis indicated that post-treatment DTCs isolated from bone marrow at the time of disease progression shared more homologous somatic gene mu- tations with pre-treatment CTCs compared with post-treatment CTCs. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that bone marrow sampling and characterization of DTC subtypes provided a valuable tool for predicting treatment response and the prognosis in SCLC. Moreover, DTCs inherit a greater amount of homologous somatic information from pre-treatment CTCs, indicating their potential role in disease progression and treatment resistance.展开更多
文摘直接转矩控制(DTC)因其动态响应快、结构简单等优势,在交流电机高性能驱动领域备受关注。本文以ACS6000中同步电机(SM)控制系统为研究对象,深入分析了DTC算法的核心原理及其在转矩与磁链双闭环控制中的实现方法。基于MATLAB/Simulink平台构建了DTC系统的精细化仿真模型,重点解决电压–电流模型误差补偿、离散化开关逻辑设计及磁链观测器鲁棒性优化等关键问题。仿真结果表明,DTC算法在同步电机控制中可实现5 ms内转矩阶跃响应,验证了其在动态性能与抗扰能力上的优越性。本研究为ACS6000系统的优化维护提供了技术支撑。Direct Torque Control (DTC) has attracted significant attention in the field of high-performance AC motor drives due to its fast dynamic response and simple structure. This paper takes the synchronous motor (SM) control system in ACS6000 as the research object, deeply analyzes the core principle of the DTC algorithm and its implementation method in the double closed-loop control of torque and flux linkage. Based on the MATLAB/Simulink platform, a refined simulation model of the DTC system is constructed, focusing on solving key issues such as voltage-current model error compensation, discrete switch logic design, and robustness optimization of the flux linkage observer. Simulation results show that the DTC algorithm can achieve a torque step response within 5ms in synchronous motor control, verifying its superiority in dynamic performance and disturbance rejection capability. This research provides technical support for the optimization and maintenance of the ACS6000 system.
基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technol-ogy Commission(grant number Z211100002921013)Tongzhou Liang-gao Talents Project(grant number YH201920)+2 种基金Beijing Municipal Public Welfare Development and Reform Pilot Project for Medical Research In-stitutes(grant number JYY2024-14)Beijing Municipal Public Wel-fare Development and Reform Pilot Project for Medical Research Insti-tutes(grant number JYY2023-15)We thank all participants and their families for supporting this study.
文摘Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease characterized by early metastasis. Ane- uploid CD31- disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and CD31+ disseminated tumor endothelial cells (DTECs) residing in the bone marrow are generally considered as the initiators of metastatic process. However, the clinical signifi- cance of DTCs and DTECs in SCLC remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical implications of diverse subtypes of highly heterogeneous DTCs and DTECs in SCLC patients. Methods: Subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) was applied to enrich and perform comprehensive morphologic, karyotypic, and phenotypic characterization of aneuploid DTCs and DTECs in 30 patients. Additionally, co-detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor endothelial cells (CTECs) was conducted on 24 of the enrolled patients. Proof-of-concept of the whole exon sequencings (WES) on precisely selected different subtypes of CTCs or DTCs, longitudinally detected from a representative case with pathologically confirmed bone marrow metastasis, was validated to feasibly reveal genetic mutations in these cells. Results: DTCs, DTECs and their subtypes were readily detectable in SCLC patients. Comparative analysis re- vealed that the number of DTCs and DTECs was significantly higher than that of their corresponding CTCs and CTECs ( P < 0.001 for both). Positive detection of disseminated tumor microemboli (DTM) or disseminated tumor endothelial microemboli (DTEM) was associated with inferior survival outcomes ( P = 0.046 and P = 0.048). Pa- tients with EpCAM+ DTCs detectable displayed significantly lower disease control rate (DCR) (16.67% vs 73.33%, P = 0.019), reduced median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) compared with those with EpCAM- DTCs ( P = 0.028 and P = 0.002, respectively). WES analysis indicated that post-treatment DTCs isolated from bone marrow at the time of disease progression shared more homologous somatic gene mu- tations with pre-treatment CTCs compared with post-treatment CTCs. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that bone marrow sampling and characterization of DTC subtypes provided a valuable tool for predicting treatment response and the prognosis in SCLC. Moreover, DTCs inherit a greater amount of homologous somatic information from pre-treatment CTCs, indicating their potential role in disease progression and treatment resistance.
