As the overall population ages, driving-related accidents and injuries, associated with elderly drivers, have risen. Existing research about elderly drivers mainly focuses on factual data collection and analysis, indi...As the overall population ages, driving-related accidents and injuries, associated with elderly drivers, have risen. Existing research about elderly drivers mainly focuses on factual data collection and analysis, indicating the elderly＇s growing fatal accident rates and their different behaviours compared to younger drivers. However, few research has focused on design-led practical solutions to mitigate the elderly＇s growing fatal accidents, by consid- ering their usability and body conditions, afflicting the elderly, such as decreased vision, hearing, and reaction times. In this paper, first, current worldwide situations on growing fatal accident rates for elderly drivers is reviewed and the key impact factors are identified and discussed with regarding to usability and design trend in the automotive technology for elderly. Second, existing smart vehicle technology-based solutions to promote safe driving are explored and their pros and cons are discussed and anal- ysed. Most of solutions are not created by people with driving difficulties, which are caused by health problems most commonly afflicting the elderly. Thirdly, diverse design-led research activities are taken, such as a survey, observation, and interviews to gain new understanding of what kinds of driving problems elderly drivers have and demonstrate how new system concepts could be developed for the elderly＇s benefits. Finally, it is found that the elderly＇s low vision and late reaction are main factors causing their driving difficulties. Based on this finding, usable vehicle system design ideas have been proposed, by utilising facial expression sensing technology as a solution. The proposed solutions would ensure reducing both the elderly＇s driving problems and high fatal accident rates and provide a more enjoyable driving environment for the elderly population.展开更多
目的目前互联网上构建的虚拟世界规模越来越大,但在现实网络带宽有限的情况下,实时传输海量复杂虚拟场景一直都是难以解决的"瓶颈问题",针对该极具挑战性的问题进行了综述性研究。方法首先对大规模3维虚拟场景传输的主要技术...目的目前互联网上构建的虚拟世界规模越来越大,但在现实网络带宽有限的情况下,实时传输海量复杂虚拟场景一直都是难以解决的"瓶颈问题",针对该极具挑战性的问题进行了综述性研究。方法首先对大规模3维虚拟场景传输的主要技术进行了概述,然后分别对其中的关键技术如大规模虚拟场景的轻量化与流式化技术、P2P-Cloud(Peer to Peer-Cloud)网络架构、资源发现/邻居发现策略、不同网络架构的虚拟场景数据分发策略和移动网络场景传输等进行了详细综述。结果阐明了虚拟场景传输主要技术之间的关系,并通过对已有经典成果的对比,分析了它们的优缺点及需要解决的关键问题。结论分别从虚拟场景传输的场景预处理、基于云的混合网络架构和移动网络中的场景传输这3个发展方向做了前瞻性的展望。展开更多
文摘As the overall population ages, driving-related accidents and injuries, associated with elderly drivers, have risen. Existing research about elderly drivers mainly focuses on factual data collection and analysis, indicating the elderly＇s growing fatal accident rates and their different behaviours compared to younger drivers. However, few research has focused on design-led practical solutions to mitigate the elderly＇s growing fatal accidents, by consid- ering their usability and body conditions, afflicting the elderly, such as decreased vision, hearing, and reaction times. In this paper, first, current worldwide situations on growing fatal accident rates for elderly drivers is reviewed and the key impact factors are identified and discussed with regarding to usability and design trend in the automotive technology for elderly. Second, existing smart vehicle technology-based solutions to promote safe driving are explored and their pros and cons are discussed and anal- ysed. Most of solutions are not created by people with driving difficulties, which are caused by health problems most commonly afflicting the elderly. Thirdly, diverse design-led research activities are taken, such as a survey, observation, and interviews to gain new understanding of what kinds of driving problems elderly drivers have and demonstrate how new system concepts could be developed for the elderly＇s benefits. Finally, it is found that the elderly＇s low vision and late reaction are main factors causing their driving difficulties. Based on this finding, usable vehicle system design ideas have been proposed, by utilising facial expression sensing technology as a solution. The proposed solutions would ensure reducing both the elderly＇s driving problems and high fatal accident rates and provide a more enjoyable driving environment for the elderly population.
文摘目的目前互联网上构建的虚拟世界规模越来越大,但在现实网络带宽有限的情况下,实时传输海量复杂虚拟场景一直都是难以解决的"瓶颈问题",针对该极具挑战性的问题进行了综述性研究。方法首先对大规模3维虚拟场景传输的主要技术进行了概述,然后分别对其中的关键技术如大规模虚拟场景的轻量化与流式化技术、P2P-Cloud(Peer to Peer-Cloud)网络架构、资源发现/邻居发现策略、不同网络架构的虚拟场景数据分发策略和移动网络场景传输等进行了详细综述。结果阐明了虚拟场景传输主要技术之间的关系,并通过对已有经典成果的对比,分析了它们的优缺点及需要解决的关键问题。结论分别从虚拟场景传输的场景预处理、基于云的混合网络架构和移动网络中的场景传输这3个发展方向做了前瞻性的展望。
