A new and falsifiable realist interpretation of quantum mechanics is examined in relation to the sum over histories concept, pilot wave theory and the many-worlds interpretation. This electric charge/transactional mod...A new and falsifiable realist interpretation of quantum mechanics is examined in relation to the sum over histories concept, pilot wave theory and the many-worlds interpretation. This electric charge/transactional model explains how the single electron double-slit experiment produces extremely localized endpoints from diffracted wavicles, why these endpoints are scattered around the entire surface of the absorber screen, and why these points of contact result in the characteristic fringe pattern as they accumulate. Advanced waves and substantive electric charge effects in the double-slit experiment are postulated, then this hypothesis is supported by a quantitative analysis of electron emission in comparison to lightning. The wider implications if advanced waves and electric charge distribution prove to be significant factors in the double-slit experiment are discussed, including possible parallels with meteorological and neurological phenomena.展开更多
Preparing a particle in a superposition or a wave packet of eigenstates of a physical quantity is to let it interact with a large object. The composite system composed of the particle and the large object evolves into...Preparing a particle in a superposition or a wave packet of eigenstates of a physical quantity is to let it interact with a large object. The composite system composed of the particle and the large object evolves into an entangled state. When the state of the large object is considered to be approximately unchanged, the entangled state can be approximately considered as a product state, and then the particle is prepared in an approximate superposed state. We consider the Schrodinger equation for a composite system with interactions between subsystems as a fundamental postulate and a single particle’s Schrodinger equation must be approximately obtained from it. We argue that superposition of states exists only in composite systems. Interaction exchanging some quantities between subsystems makes conservation laws strictly hold, and no wave packet of a free particle yields. With this point, we can also understand the double-slit experiment and the tunnel phenomenon.展开更多
The consideration of measuring instruments as macroscopic bodies leads to neglect of the microscopic processes that occur during measurements.This disregard is not justified in general cases.As an example of measureme...The consideration of measuring instruments as macroscopic bodies leads to neglect of the microscopic processes that occur during measurements.This disregard is not justified in general cases.As an example of measurements using microscopic instruments,the scattering of a photon by an electron with electron interference at two slits(Compton effect)was used.The amount of information that can be obtained in such a process is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the incident photon.At large photon wavelengths(soft measurements),the pure state of the electron can be disrupted by an arbitrarily small extent;accordingly,the amount of information extracted in such an experiment is also arbitrarily small.It is shown that the energy price for a bit obtained in such a measurement tends toward a constant value for increasing the photon wavelength.Microscopic instruments can be used in situations where energy costs for measurements are important.展开更多
Third-order Hanbrury Brown-Twiss and double-slit interference experiments with a pseudo-thermal light are performed by recording intensities in single, double and triple optical paths, respectively. The experimental r...Third-order Hanbrury Brown-Twiss and double-slit interference experiments with a pseudo-thermal light are performed by recording intensities in single, double and triple optical paths, respectively. The experimental results verifies the theoretical prediction that the indispensable condition for achieving a interference pattern or ghost image in Nth-order intensity correlation measurements is the synchronous detection of the same light field by each reference detector, no matter the intensities recorded in one, or two, or N optical paths. It is shown that, when the reference detectors are scanned in the opposite directions, the visibility and resolution of the third-order spatial correlation function of thermal light is much better than that scanned in the same direction, but it is no use for obtaining the Nth-order interference pattern or ghost image in the thermal Nth-order interference or ghost imaging.展开更多
The experimental discovery of looped light in a three-slit experiment is interpreted as a strong justification of the Peano-Hilbert spacetime model. This in turn entails the existence of a dark energy density in full ...The experimental discovery of looped light in a three-slit experiment is interpreted as a strong justification of the Peano-Hilbert spacetime model. This in turn entails the existence of a dark energy density in full agreement with previous analysis as well as accurate measurements and observations.展开更多
With significant appraisals to the Original Double-Slit experiment, an audit of nature of electron is drafted. Electron has been proven to demonstrate unpredictable nature. It should behave as a particle, but it shows...With significant appraisals to the Original Double-Slit experiment, an audit of nature of electron is drafted. Electron has been proven to demonstrate unpredictable nature. It should behave as a particle, but it shows variations in behaviour when it is passed through two slits. In the experiment, photons (high-intensity light) are utilized as a detector, due to which interference pattern effectuates after detection. The wave-function is collapsed. A contemporary model is proposed, in which magnetic field of low-intensity is applied to canvass ever-changing nature of electron.展开更多
Bohm’s variation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen thought experiment may be used to reveal the path a photon travels in Young’s experiment without destroying the observed interference pattern. Photons emitted by a lig...Bohm’s variation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen thought experiment may be used to reveal the path a photon travels in Young’s experiment without destroying the observed interference pattern. Photons emitted by a light-source with zero spin are incident on a screen with two narrow slits separated by a small distance, with antiparallel polarized photonic spin filters placed in front of both slits. It follows that the slit through which an incident photon passed to form an interference pattern can be determined by performing an intermediate delayed choice measurement. This experimental probe is ideal for penetrating the shroud of mystery surrounding the wave-particle duality exhibited by quantum phenomena.展开更多
The standard interpretation of a null state,or empty state,posits it as devoid of structure.This paper introduces a geometric model(named the 1-D geometric model)proposing that the null or empty state contains hidden ...The standard interpretation of a null state,or empty state,posits it as devoid of structure.This paper introduces a geometric model(named the 1-D geometric model)proposing that the null or empty state contains hidden structure in the emergent development of dimensional complexity.The model’s argument analyzes two formats of the right triangle within the unit circle.The first format adheres to standard geometric principles.In contrast,the second adopts a novel framework of dimensional structure by assigning a counterrational and formally nonsensical unitary value of“1”to its vectors.Although the two geometries have a null relationship due to their fundamental geometric inconsistency,the cosine squared calculations for both triangles agree.The relationship framework is leveraged to propose a generic definition of infinity,in which the inherent paradoxes found in its study are justified as a native and essential feature of the Universe’s structure.This reinterpretation is applied to study the paradoxical relationship found between correlated quantum and classical states.展开更多
Competition mechanism in multiple four-wave mixing （MFWM） processes is demonstrated theoretically. Provided considering only two waves injected into a highly nonlinear fiber （HNLF）, there are three modes displayin...Competition mechanism in multiple four-wave mixing （MFWM） processes is demonstrated theoretically. Provided considering only two waves injected into a highly nonlinear fiber （HNLF）, there are three modes displaying comprehensive dynamic behaviors, such as fixed points, periodic motion, and chaotic motion. Especially, Mode C of MFWM is emphasized by analyzing its phase-space trajectory to demonstrate nonlinear wave- wave interactions. The study shows that, when the phase- space trajectory approaches or gets through a saddle point, a dramatic power depletion for the injected wave can be realized, with the representative point moving chaotically, but when phase-space trajectories are distributed around a center point, the power for the injected wave is retained almost invariable, with the representative point moving periodically. Finally, the evolvement of satellite wave over an optical fiber is investigated by comparing it with the interference pattern in Young＇s double-slit experiment.展开更多
文摘A new and falsifiable realist interpretation of quantum mechanics is examined in relation to the sum over histories concept, pilot wave theory and the many-worlds interpretation. This electric charge/transactional model explains how the single electron double-slit experiment produces extremely localized endpoints from diffracted wavicles, why these endpoints are scattered around the entire surface of the absorber screen, and why these points of contact result in the characteristic fringe pattern as they accumulate. Advanced waves and substantive electric charge effects in the double-slit experiment are postulated, then this hypothesis is supported by a quantitative analysis of electron emission in comparison to lightning. The wider implications if advanced waves and electric charge distribution prove to be significant factors in the double-slit experiment are discussed, including possible parallels with meteorological and neurological phenomena.
文摘Preparing a particle in a superposition or a wave packet of eigenstates of a physical quantity is to let it interact with a large object. The composite system composed of the particle and the large object evolves into an entangled state. When the state of the large object is considered to be approximately unchanged, the entangled state can be approximately considered as a product state, and then the particle is prepared in an approximate superposed state. We consider the Schrodinger equation for a composite system with interactions between subsystems as a fundamental postulate and a single particle’s Schrodinger equation must be approximately obtained from it. We argue that superposition of states exists only in composite systems. Interaction exchanging some quantities between subsystems makes conservation laws strictly hold, and no wave packet of a free particle yields. With this point, we can also understand the double-slit experiment and the tunnel phenomenon.
文摘The consideration of measuring instruments as macroscopic bodies leads to neglect of the microscopic processes that occur during measurements.This disregard is not justified in general cases.As an example of measurements using microscopic instruments,the scattering of a photon by an electron with electron interference at two slits(Compton effect)was used.The amount of information that can be obtained in such a process is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the incident photon.At large photon wavelengths(soft measurements),the pure state of the electron can be disrupted by an arbitrarily small extent;accordingly,the amount of information extracted in such an experiment is also arbitrarily small.It is shown that the energy price for a bit obtained in such a measurement tends toward a constant value for increasing the photon wavelength.Microscopic instruments can be used in situations where energy costs for measurements are important.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11204117 and 11005055)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2013M540146)the Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(Grant Nos.L2012001 and LJQ2011005)
文摘Third-order Hanbrury Brown-Twiss and double-slit interference experiments with a pseudo-thermal light are performed by recording intensities in single, double and triple optical paths, respectively. The experimental results verifies the theoretical prediction that the indispensable condition for achieving a interference pattern or ghost image in Nth-order intensity correlation measurements is the synchronous detection of the same light field by each reference detector, no matter the intensities recorded in one, or two, or N optical paths. It is shown that, when the reference detectors are scanned in the opposite directions, the visibility and resolution of the third-order spatial correlation function of thermal light is much better than that scanned in the same direction, but it is no use for obtaining the Nth-order interference pattern or ghost image in the thermal Nth-order interference or ghost imaging.
文摘The experimental discovery of looped light in a three-slit experiment is interpreted as a strong justification of the Peano-Hilbert spacetime model. This in turn entails the existence of a dark energy density in full agreement with previous analysis as well as accurate measurements and observations.
文摘With significant appraisals to the Original Double-Slit experiment, an audit of nature of electron is drafted. Electron has been proven to demonstrate unpredictable nature. It should behave as a particle, but it shows variations in behaviour when it is passed through two slits. In the experiment, photons (high-intensity light) are utilized as a detector, due to which interference pattern effectuates after detection. The wave-function is collapsed. A contemporary model is proposed, in which magnetic field of low-intensity is applied to canvass ever-changing nature of electron.
文摘Bohm’s variation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen thought experiment may be used to reveal the path a photon travels in Young’s experiment without destroying the observed interference pattern. Photons emitted by a light-source with zero spin are incident on a screen with two narrow slits separated by a small distance, with antiparallel polarized photonic spin filters placed in front of both slits. It follows that the slit through which an incident photon passed to form an interference pattern can be determined by performing an intermediate delayed choice measurement. This experimental probe is ideal for penetrating the shroud of mystery surrounding the wave-particle duality exhibited by quantum phenomena.
文摘The standard interpretation of a null state,or empty state,posits it as devoid of structure.This paper introduces a geometric model(named the 1-D geometric model)proposing that the null or empty state contains hidden structure in the emergent development of dimensional complexity.The model’s argument analyzes two formats of the right triangle within the unit circle.The first format adheres to standard geometric principles.In contrast,the second adopts a novel framework of dimensional structure by assigning a counterrational and formally nonsensical unitary value of“1”to its vectors.Although the two geometries have a null relationship due to their fundamental geometric inconsistency,the cosine squared calculations for both triangles agree.The relationship framework is leveraged to propose a generic definition of infinity,in which the inherent paradoxes found in its study are justified as a native and essential feature of the Universe’s structure.This reinterpretation is applied to study the paradoxical relationship found between correlated quantum and classical states.
文摘Competition mechanism in multiple four-wave mixing （MFWM） processes is demonstrated theoretically. Provided considering only two waves injected into a highly nonlinear fiber （HNLF）, there are three modes displaying comprehensive dynamic behaviors, such as fixed points, periodic motion, and chaotic motion. Especially, Mode C of MFWM is emphasized by analyzing its phase-space trajectory to demonstrate nonlinear wave- wave interactions. The study shows that, when the phase- space trajectory approaches or gets through a saddle point, a dramatic power depletion for the injected wave can be realized, with the representative point moving chaotically, but when phase-space trajectories are distributed around a center point, the power for the injected wave is retained almost invariable, with the representative point moving periodically. Finally, the evolvement of satellite wave over an optical fiber is investigated by comparing it with the interference pattern in Young＇s double-slit experiment.
