The authors regret that the affiliation b and c are wrong.Affiliation b should be changed to“School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen,China;Department of Data Analysis and...The authors regret that the affiliation b and c are wrong.Affiliation b should be changed to“School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen,China;Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling,Ghent University,Belgium”.And affiliation c should be changed to“State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment(SKLUWRE),School of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,China”.展开更多
An approach of simultaneous strategies with two novel techniques is proposed to improve the solution accuracy of chemical dynamic optimization problems. The first technique is to handle constraints on control vari- ab...An approach of simultaneous strategies with two novel techniques is proposed to improve the solution accuracy of chemical dynamic optimization problems. The first technique is to handle constraints on control vari- ables based on the finite-element collocation so as to control the approximation error for discrete optimal problems, where a set of control constraints at dement knots are integrated with the procedure for optimization leading to a significant gain in the accuracy of the simultaneous strategies. The second technique is to make the mesh refine- ment more feasible and reliable by introducing length constraints and guideline in designing appropriate element length boundaries, so that the proposed approach becomes more efficient in adjusting dements to track optimal control profile breakpoints and ensure accurate state and centrol profiles. Four classic benchmarks of dynamic op- timization problems are used as illustrations, and the proposed approach is compared with literature reports. The research results reveal that the proposed approach is preferz,ble in improving the solution accuracy of chemical dy- namic optimization problem.展开更多
Network maintenance strategy selection is a multi-objective decision making topic. It mostly depends on the uncertainty and fuzziness of decision makers and conditions. In this paper, based on analytic hierarchy proce...Network maintenance strategy selection is a multi-objective decision making topic. It mostly depends on the uncertainty and fuzziness of decision makers and conditions. In this paper, based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS), TOPSIS partial order method is proposed to choose the optimal maintenance strategy. This method uses AHP to determine the weights of evaluation indexes. The optimal maintenance strategy choice is given as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
The article studies the evolutionary dynamics of two-population two-strategy game models with and without impulses. First, the payment matrix is given and two evolutionary dynamics models are established by adding sto...The article studies the evolutionary dynamics of two-population two-strategy game models with and without impulses. First, the payment matrix is given and two evolutionary dynamics models are established by adding stochastic and impulse. For the stochastic model without impulses, the existence and uniqueness of solution, and the existence of positive periodic solutions are proved, and a sufficient condition for strategy extinction is given. For the stochastic model with impulses, the existence of positive periodic solutions is proved. Numerical results show that noise and impulses directly affect the model, but the periodicity of the model does not change.展开更多
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cesll therapy(CAR–T)has achieved groundbreaking advancements in clinical application,ushering in a new era for innovative cancer treatment.However,the challenges associated with implementi...Chimeric antigen receptor T-cesll therapy(CAR–T)has achieved groundbreaking advancements in clinical application,ushering in a new era for innovative cancer treatment.However,the challenges associated with implementing this novel targeted cell therapy are increasingly significant.Particularly in the clinical management of solid tumors,obstacles such as the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment,limited local tumor infiltration capability of CAR–T cells,heterogeneity of tumor targeting antigens,uncertainties surrounding CAR–T quality,control,and clinical adverse reactions have contributed to increased drug resistance and decreased compliance in tumor therapy.These factors have significantly impeded the widespread adoption and utilization of this therapeutic approach.In this paper,we comprehensively analyze recent preclinical and clinical reports on CAR–T therapy while summarizing crucial factors influencing its efficacy.Furthermore,we aim to identify existing solution strategies and explore their current research status.Through this review article,our objective is to broaden perspectives for further exploration into CAR–T therapy strategies and their clinical applications.展开更多
The main focus of this paper is to address a generalized(2+1)-dimensional Hirota bilinear equation utilizing the bilinear neural network method.The paper presents the periodic solutions through a single-layer model of...The main focus of this paper is to address a generalized(2+1)-dimensional Hirota bilinear equation utilizing the bilinear neural network method.The paper presents the periodic solutions through a single-layer model of[3-4-1],followed by breather,lump and their interaction solutions by using double-layer models of[3-3-2-1]and[3-3-3-1],respectively.A significant innovation introduced in this work is the computation of periodic cross-rational solutions through the design of a novel[3-(2+2)-4-1]model,where a specific hidden layer is partitioned into two segments for subsequent operations.Three-dimensional and density figures of the solutions are given alongside an analysis of the dynamics of these solutions.展开更多
A simple characteristic equation solution strategy for deriving the fun- damental analytical solutions of 3D isotropic elasticity is proposed. By calculating the determinant of the differential operator matrix obtaine...A simple characteristic equation solution strategy for deriving the fun- damental analytical solutions of 3D isotropic elasticity is proposed. By calculating the determinant of the differential operator matrix obtained from the governing equations of 3D elasticity, the characteristic equation which the characteristic general solution vectors must satisfy is established. Then, by substitution of the characteristic general solution vectors, which satisfy various reduced characteristic equations, into various reduced ad- joint matrices of the differential operator matrix, the corresponding fundamental analyt- ical solutions for isotropic 3D elasticity, including Boussinesq-Galerkin （B-G） solutions, modified Papkovich-Neuber solutions proposed by Min-zhong WANG （P-N-W）, and quasi HU Hai-chang solutions, can be obtained. Furthermore, the independence characters of various fundamental solutions in polynomial form are also discussed in detail. These works provide a basis for constructing complete and independent analytical trial func- tions used in numerical methods.展开更多
Roads and bridges have played an important role in Chinas development process. Therefore, the relevant designers should pay more attention to their safety when conducting the design. In the planning of highway and bri...Roads and bridges have played an important role in Chinas development process. Therefore, the relevant designers should pay more attention to their safety when conducting the design. In the planning of highway and bridge, we must strictly abide by the technical standards, ensure the coordination of technology and economy, and through the continuous improvement of the scheme, we can ensure the safety of the construction, but also increase the economic benefits. The design of highway bridge is closely related to the safety and life of highway. In the design, we should pay full attention to the bearing capacity of the car, and provide floating space for the car, which can not only ensure the safety of driving, but also make the car feel comfortable when driving. This paper analyzes the potential problems and countermeasures existing in the design of highway bridge, analyze all kinds of potential safety problems, and propose the corresponding countermeasures to improve the design of highway bridge in order to achieve better results.展开更多
Cu2O@Cu2O core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by using solution phase strategy. It was found that Cu2O@Cu2O NPs were easily converted to Cu2O@Cu NPs with the help of polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP) and excessive a...Cu2O@Cu2O core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by using solution phase strategy. It was found that Cu2O@Cu2O NPs were easily converted to Cu2O@Cu NPs with the help of polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP) and excessive ascorbic acid (AA) in air at room temperature, which was an interesting phenomenon. The features of the two kinds of NPs were characterized by XRD, TEM and extinction spectra. Cu2O@Cu NPs with different shell thicknesses showed wide tunable optical properties for the localized surface plasmon (LSP) in metallic Cu. But Cu2O@Cu2O NPs did not indicate this feature. FTIR results reveal that Cu+ ions on the surface of Cu2O shell coordinate with N and O atoms in PVP and are further reduced to metallic Cu by excessive AA and then form a nucleation site on the surface of Cu2O nanocrystalline. PVP binds onto different sites to proceed with the reduction utill all the Cu sources in Cu2O shell are completely assumed.展开更多
Network virtualization is an enabling technology of running multiple virtual networks on a shared substrate network. It aims to deal with the ossification of current network architecture. As a crucial component of net...Network virtualization is an enabling technology of running multiple virtual networks on a shared substrate network. It aims to deal with the ossification of current network architecture. As a crucial component of network virtualization, virtual network embedding(VNE) can efficiently and effectively allocates the substrate resource to proposed virtual network requests. According to the optimization strategy, VNE approaches can be classified into three categories: exact, heuristic and meta-heuristic solution. The VNE exact solution is the foundation of its corresponding heuristic and meta-heuristic solutions. This paper presents a survey of existing typical VNE exact solutions, and open problems for the future research of VNE exact solutions are proposed.展开更多
Currently commercial fixed-concomitant three agents have multiple problems such as multiple dosing administration,poor efficacy and side effects.Once-daily fixed-combination timolol-netarsudil-latanoprost ophthalmic s...Currently commercial fixed-concomitant three agents have multiple problems such as multiple dosing administration,poor efficacy and side effects.Once-daily fixed-combination timolol-netarsudil-latanoprost ophthalmic solution(FC-TNL)has the ability to treat glaucoma by lowering the intraocular pressure(IOP)with great efficacy and improving patient compliance.However,the commercialized netarsudil dimesylate precipitated when the p H of the solution was above 5.4,or when maleic acid,the salt of commercial timolol maleate,was mixed with netarsudil dimesylate.Consequently,the homologous salt engineering strategy was used to make netarsudil dimesylate soluble in p H 4.8–5.2 solution by synthesizing timolol mesylate.Next,the morphology of timolol mesylate was observed by scanning electron microscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric analysis,and powder X-ray diffraction.The prepared FC-TNL showed good stability during refrigeration storage.Additionally,FC-TNL exerted no influence on the intraocular penetration of each active compounds in the pharmacokinetic study.Importantly,oncedaily FC-TNL exerted potent IOP-lowering effect and protective effect on retinal ganglion cells.The FC-TNL was stable,safe and effective,being a promising glaucoma therapeutic.展开更多
A dynamic triaxial instrument was used to study the effects of different concentrations of sodium chloride and stress amplitudes on the dynamic properties of an expansive soil under cyclic loading.In particular,four p...A dynamic triaxial instrument was used to study the effects of different concentrations of sodium chloride and stress amplitudes on the dynamic properties of an expansive soil under cyclic loading.In particular,four parameters were considered in such a parametric investigation,namely,hysteresis curve morphology characteristic non-closure degreeεp,the ratio of the short and long axisα,the slope of the long axis k and the enclosed area S.The results show that with an increase in the sodium chloride concentration,the soil particle double electric layer becomes thinner,the distance between soil particles decreases,and the whole sample becomes denser.Theεp-N,α-N and S–N relation curves all show a decreasing trend.The ratio of plastic deformation to total deformation grows with increasing the dynamic stress amplitude,and the curves show an upwards trend.The k-N relationship curve displays an increasing trend with the concentration and a general downwards trend as the dynamic stress amplitude is made higher.This also indicates that sodium chloride solutions can improve the engineering properties of expansive soil to a certain extent.With an increase in the vibration times N,the shape of the hysteretic curve becomes narrower,and the whole soil exhibits a cyclic strain hardening.With the help of an exponential function,a model is introduced to predict the relationship between the concentration and the hysteretic curve.展开更多
Based on the teaching video of middle school English teachers, through observation and analysis, it puts forward the problem of less use, wrong use and abuse in the use of teachers' teaching gestures in middle sch...Based on the teaching video of middle school English teachers, through observation and analysis, it puts forward the problem of less use, wrong use and abuse in the use of teachers' teaching gestures in middle school English teaching. And then it puts forward corresponding solutions from three aspects: concept, theory and practice. Hoping to provide further reference to the complementary role of teaching gesture and teaching discourse.展开更多
From the perspective of the digital economy,enterprise financial management is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities.Traditional financial management models are no longer suited to current development need...From the perspective of the digital economy,enterprise financial management is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities.Traditional financial management models are no longer suited to current development needs.Fine-tuning financial management is essential to support the modernization of enterprises,guard against operational risks,and promote coordination across the entire value chain for greater economic efficiency.With the help of digital technology,data-driven,highly interconnected,and intelligent decision-making processes are becoming more prominent,profoundly transforming the operational and financial management models of enterprises.This enables financial management to keep pace with modern developments.In light of this,the paper explores the connotations and mechanisms of the digital economy and enterprise financial management,clarifies relevant conceptual characteristics,and identifies problems in financial management under the digital economy.It also offers strategies for optimization and problem-solving,with the aim of providing valuable insights for educators and practitioners.展开更多
This paper concerns an optimal dividend-penalty problem for the risk models with surplus-dependent premiums.The objective is to maximize the difference of the expected cumulative discounted dividend payments received ...This paper concerns an optimal dividend-penalty problem for the risk models with surplus-dependent premiums.The objective is to maximize the difference of the expected cumulative discounted dividend payments received until the moment of ruin and a discounted penalty payment taken at the moment of ruin.Since the value function may be not smooth enough to be the classical solution of the HJB equation,the viscosity solution is involved.The optimal value function can be characterized as the smallest viscosity supersolution of the HJB equation and the optimal dividend-penalty strategy has a band structure.Finally,some numerical examples with gamma distribution for the claims are analyzed.展开更多
This paper studies a Markov-dependent risk model in which the claim occurrence and the claim amount are regulated by an external discrete time Markov process. Integro-differential equations in matrix form for the Gerb...This paper studies a Markov-dependent risk model in which the claim occurrence and the claim amount are regulated by an external discrete time Markov process. Integro-differential equations in matrix form for the Gerber-Shiu discounted penalty function are presented. Then the analytical solutions to the equations are derived. Finally, in the two-state model, some numerical results are obtained when claim amount is exponentially distributed.展开更多
To design the terminal maneuver strategy of an anti-ship missile,first,the analytical solution of miss distance when an anti-ship missile has planar weaving maneuver and three-dimension spiral maneuver is presented,in...To design the terminal maneuver strategy of an anti-ship missile,first,the analytical solution of miss distance when an anti-ship missile has planar weaving maneuver and three-dimension spiral maneuver is presented,in which not only the amplitude and frequency are considered but also the initial phase is taken into account.Next,based on the analytical solution of miss distance,the effects on the miss distance of the amplitude,frequency,initial phase of the anti-ship missile＇s maneuver acceleration and the order of flight control system of the air-ship missile are analyzed.Finally,the optimum weaving maneuver and spiral maneuver which make the miss distance be the largest under some conditions are designed,which is of important meaning for increasing the survival probability of the anti-ship missile.展开更多
A fuzzy bi-matrix game（FBG）,namely a two-person non-zero-sum game with fuzzy strategies and fuzzy payoffs is proposed.We have defined and analyzed the optimal strategies of this FBG,and shown that it can be transfor...A fuzzy bi-matrix game（FBG）,namely a two-person non-zero-sum game with fuzzy strategies and fuzzy payoffs is proposed.We have defined and analyzed the optimal strategies of this FBG,and shown that it can be transformed into a corresponding fuzzy mathematical programming issue,for which a ranking function approach can be applied.In addition,optimal strategies of FBG for both Player I and Player II can be gotten.展开更多
A multi-objective optimization approach for the roll shifting strategy in cross rolling campaigns of hot strip mills is presented. The effect of different roll shifting strategies on roll wear contour is studied by nu...A multi-objective optimization approach for the roll shifting strategy in cross rolling campaigns of hot strip mills is presented. The effect of different roll shifting strategies on roll wear contour is studied by numerical simulation, and two evaluation indexes ,namely body smoothness and edge smoothness, are proposed. The average body smoothness and average rolling edge smoothness of all strips in a rolling campaign are taken as the objective functions, the shifting positions of all wide strips as the decision variables, and the multi-objective method of NSGA-II as the optimizer. Thus a multi-objective optimization model for the roll shifting strategy is built. The simulation results show that work roll shifting can make wear contour smooth,and a dish-shaped wear contour without severe local wear can be achieved by the roll shifting strategy with varying stroke. Optimization experimentation shows that by means of NSGA-II,a good Pareto-optimal front can be obtained, which suggests a series of alternative solutions for roll shifting strategy optimization. The experimentation also shows that there is a conflict between the two objectives. Finally, application cases confirm the feasibility of the multi-objective approach, which can improve the strip profile ,reduce edge waves and extend the rolling miles of a rolling campaign.展开更多
文摘The authors regret that the affiliation b and c are wrong.Affiliation b should be changed to“School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen,China;Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling,Ghent University,Belgium”.And affiliation c should be changed to“State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment(SKLUWRE),School of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,China”.
基金Supported by the Joint Funds of NSFC-CNPC of China(U1162130)the International Cooperation and Exchange Project of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(2009C34008)+1 种基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2006AA05Z226)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scientists(R4100133)
文摘An approach of simultaneous strategies with two novel techniques is proposed to improve the solution accuracy of chemical dynamic optimization problems. The first technique is to handle constraints on control vari- ables based on the finite-element collocation so as to control the approximation error for discrete optimal problems, where a set of control constraints at dement knots are integrated with the procedure for optimization leading to a significant gain in the accuracy of the simultaneous strategies. The second technique is to make the mesh refine- ment more feasible and reliable by introducing length constraints and guideline in designing appropriate element length boundaries, so that the proposed approach becomes more efficient in adjusting dements to track optimal control profile breakpoints and ensure accurate state and centrol profiles. Four classic benchmarks of dynamic op- timization problems are used as illustrations, and the proposed approach is compared with literature reports. The research results reveal that the proposed approach is preferz,ble in improving the solution accuracy of chemical dy- namic optimization problem.
基金the Weapons and Equipment Preresearch Fund(No.9140A27040414JB34079)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of the Military Education(No.2015JY354)
文摘Network maintenance strategy selection is a multi-objective decision making topic. It mostly depends on the uncertainty and fuzziness of decision makers and conditions. In this paper, based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS), TOPSIS partial order method is proposed to choose the optimal maintenance strategy. This method uses AHP to determine the weights of evaluation indexes. The optimal maintenance strategy choice is given as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10671182)。
文摘The article studies the evolutionary dynamics of two-population two-strategy game models with and without impulses. First, the payment matrix is given and two evolutionary dynamics models are established by adding stochastic and impulse. For the stochastic model without impulses, the existence and uniqueness of solution, and the existence of positive periodic solutions are proved, and a sufficient condition for strategy extinction is given. For the stochastic model with impulses, the existence of positive periodic solutions is proved. Numerical results show that noise and impulses directly affect the model, but the periodicity of the model does not change.
基金funded by 2023 Sichuan Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Project.Project Number:2023JDZH0024.
文摘Chimeric antigen receptor T-cesll therapy(CAR–T)has achieved groundbreaking advancements in clinical application,ushering in a new era for innovative cancer treatment.However,the challenges associated with implementing this novel targeted cell therapy are increasingly significant.Particularly in the clinical management of solid tumors,obstacles such as the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment,limited local tumor infiltration capability of CAR–T cells,heterogeneity of tumor targeting antigens,uncertainties surrounding CAR–T quality,control,and clinical adverse reactions have contributed to increased drug resistance and decreased compliance in tumor therapy.These factors have significantly impeded the widespread adoption and utilization of this therapeutic approach.In this paper,we comprehensively analyze recent preclinical and clinical reports on CAR–T therapy while summarizing crucial factors influencing its efficacy.Furthermore,we aim to identify existing solution strategies and explore their current research status.Through this review article,our objective is to broaden perspectives for further exploration into CAR–T therapy strategies and their clinical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12375006the Weimu Technology Company Limited of Hangzhou of China under Grant No.KYY-HX-20240495。
文摘The main focus of this paper is to address a generalized(2+1)-dimensional Hirota bilinear equation utilizing the bilinear neural network method.The paper presents the periodic solutions through a single-layer model of[3-4-1],followed by breather,lump and their interaction solutions by using double-layer models of[3-3-2-1]and[3-3-3-1],respectively.A significant innovation introduced in this work is the computation of periodic cross-rational solutions through the design of a novel[3-(2+2)-4-1]model,where a specific hidden layer is partitioned into two segments for subsequent operations.Three-dimensional and density figures of the solutions are given alongside an analysis of the dynamics of these solutions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10872108 and10876100)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-07-0477)the National Basic Research Programs of China (Nos. 2010CB731503 and 2010CB832701)
文摘A simple characteristic equation solution strategy for deriving the fun- damental analytical solutions of 3D isotropic elasticity is proposed. By calculating the determinant of the differential operator matrix obtained from the governing equations of 3D elasticity, the characteristic equation which the characteristic general solution vectors must satisfy is established. Then, by substitution of the characteristic general solution vectors, which satisfy various reduced characteristic equations, into various reduced ad- joint matrices of the differential operator matrix, the corresponding fundamental analyt- ical solutions for isotropic 3D elasticity, including Boussinesq-Galerkin （B-G） solutions, modified Papkovich-Neuber solutions proposed by Min-zhong WANG （P-N-W）, and quasi HU Hai-chang solutions, can be obtained. Furthermore, the independence characters of various fundamental solutions in polynomial form are also discussed in detail. These works provide a basis for constructing complete and independent analytical trial func- tions used in numerical methods.
文摘Roads and bridges have played an important role in Chinas development process. Therefore, the relevant designers should pay more attention to their safety when conducting the design. In the planning of highway and bridge, we must strictly abide by the technical standards, ensure the coordination of technology and economy, and through the continuous improvement of the scheme, we can ensure the safety of the construction, but also increase the economic benefits. The design of highway bridge is closely related to the safety and life of highway. In the design, we should pay full attention to the bearing capacity of the car, and provide floating space for the car, which can not only ensure the safety of driving, but also make the car feel comfortable when driving. This paper analyzes the potential problems and countermeasures existing in the design of highway bridge, analyze all kinds of potential safety problems, and propose the corresponding countermeasures to improve the design of highway bridge in order to achieve better results.
基金Projects(41172110,61107090)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Cu2O@Cu2O core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by using solution phase strategy. It was found that Cu2O@Cu2O NPs were easily converted to Cu2O@Cu NPs with the help of polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP) and excessive ascorbic acid (AA) in air at room temperature, which was an interesting phenomenon. The features of the two kinds of NPs were characterized by XRD, TEM and extinction spectra. Cu2O@Cu NPs with different shell thicknesses showed wide tunable optical properties for the localized surface plasmon (LSP) in metallic Cu. But Cu2O@Cu2O NPs did not indicate this feature. FTIR results reveal that Cu+ ions on the surface of Cu2O shell coordinate with N and O atoms in PVP and are further reduced to metallic Cu by excessive AA and then form a nucleation site on the surface of Cu2O nanocrystalline. PVP binds onto different sites to proceed with the reduction utill all the Cu sources in Cu2O shell are completely assumed.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant 2013CB329104the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61372124 and 61427801the Key Projects of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu University under Grant 11KJA510001
文摘Network virtualization is an enabling technology of running multiple virtual networks on a shared substrate network. It aims to deal with the ossification of current network architecture. As a crucial component of network virtualization, virtual network embedding(VNE) can efficiently and effectively allocates the substrate resource to proposed virtual network requests. According to the optimization strategy, VNE approaches can be classified into three categories: exact, heuristic and meta-heuristic solution. The VNE exact solution is the foundation of its corresponding heuristic and meta-heuristic solutions. This paper presents a survey of existing typical VNE exact solutions, and open problems for the future research of VNE exact solutions are proposed.
基金financially supported by the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1902061)。
文摘Currently commercial fixed-concomitant three agents have multiple problems such as multiple dosing administration,poor efficacy and side effects.Once-daily fixed-combination timolol-netarsudil-latanoprost ophthalmic solution(FC-TNL)has the ability to treat glaucoma by lowering the intraocular pressure(IOP)with great efficacy and improving patient compliance.However,the commercialized netarsudil dimesylate precipitated when the p H of the solution was above 5.4,or when maleic acid,the salt of commercial timolol maleate,was mixed with netarsudil dimesylate.Consequently,the homologous salt engineering strategy was used to make netarsudil dimesylate soluble in p H 4.8–5.2 solution by synthesizing timolol mesylate.Next,the morphology of timolol mesylate was observed by scanning electron microscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric analysis,and powder X-ray diffraction.The prepared FC-TNL showed good stability during refrigeration storage.Additionally,FC-TNL exerted no influence on the intraocular penetration of each active compounds in the pharmacokinetic study.Importantly,oncedaily FC-TNL exerted potent IOP-lowering effect and protective effect on retinal ganglion cells.The FC-TNL was stable,safe and effective,being a promising glaucoma therapeutic.
文摘A dynamic triaxial instrument was used to study the effects of different concentrations of sodium chloride and stress amplitudes on the dynamic properties of an expansive soil under cyclic loading.In particular,four parameters were considered in such a parametric investigation,namely,hysteresis curve morphology characteristic non-closure degreeεp,the ratio of the short and long axisα,the slope of the long axis k and the enclosed area S.The results show that with an increase in the sodium chloride concentration,the soil particle double electric layer becomes thinner,the distance between soil particles decreases,and the whole sample becomes denser.Theεp-N,α-N and S–N relation curves all show a decreasing trend.The ratio of plastic deformation to total deformation grows with increasing the dynamic stress amplitude,and the curves show an upwards trend.The k-N relationship curve displays an increasing trend with the concentration and a general downwards trend as the dynamic stress amplitude is made higher.This also indicates that sodium chloride solutions can improve the engineering properties of expansive soil to a certain extent.With an increase in the vibration times N,the shape of the hysteretic curve becomes narrower,and the whole soil exhibits a cyclic strain hardening.With the help of an exponential function,a model is introduced to predict the relationship between the concentration and the hysteretic curve.
文摘Based on the teaching video of middle school English teachers, through observation and analysis, it puts forward the problem of less use, wrong use and abuse in the use of teachers' teaching gestures in middle school English teaching. And then it puts forward corresponding solutions from three aspects: concept, theory and practice. Hoping to provide further reference to the complementary role of teaching gesture and teaching discourse.
基金the research result of“Financial Accounting”(Project No.HKSZ2024-10)supported by the Ideological and Political Demonstration Project of Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology.
文摘From the perspective of the digital economy,enterprise financial management is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities.Traditional financial management models are no longer suited to current development needs.Fine-tuning financial management is essential to support the modernization of enterprises,guard against operational risks,and promote coordination across the entire value chain for greater economic efficiency.With the help of digital technology,data-driven,highly interconnected,and intelligent decision-making processes are becoming more prominent,profoundly transforming the operational and financial management models of enterprises.This enables financial management to keep pace with modern developments.In light of this,the paper explores the connotations and mechanisms of the digital economy and enterprise financial management,clarifies relevant conceptual characteristics,and identifies problems in financial management under the digital economy.It also offers strategies for optimization and problem-solving,with the aim of providing valuable insights for educators and practitioners.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11471218)Hebei Higher School Science and Technology Research Projects(ZD20131017)Joint Doctoral Training Foundation of HEBUT(2018GN0001)。
文摘This paper concerns an optimal dividend-penalty problem for the risk models with surplus-dependent premiums.The objective is to maximize the difference of the expected cumulative discounted dividend payments received until the moment of ruin and a discounted penalty payment taken at the moment of ruin.Since the value function may be not smooth enough to be the classical solution of the HJB equation,the viscosity solution is involved.The optimal value function can be characterized as the smallest viscosity supersolution of the HJB equation and the optimal dividend-penalty strategy has a band structure.Finally,some numerical examples with gamma distribution for the claims are analyzed.
基金Supported by the Science Technology Foundation of Hubei Province (D20092207)the Hubei Normal University Post-Graduate Foun-dation (2010C17)
文摘This paper studies a Markov-dependent risk model in which the claim occurrence and the claim amount are regulated by an external discrete time Markov process. Integro-differential equations in matrix form for the Gerber-Shiu discounted penalty function are presented. Then the analytical solutions to the equations are derived. Finally, in the two-state model, some numerical results are obtained when claim amount is exponentially distributed.
基金Supported by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation(0528)
文摘To design the terminal maneuver strategy of an anti-ship missile,first,the analytical solution of miss distance when an anti-ship missile has planar weaving maneuver and three-dimension spiral maneuver is presented,in which not only the amplitude and frequency are considered but also the initial phase is taken into account.Next,based on the analytical solution of miss distance,the effects on the miss distance of the amplitude,frequency,initial phase of the anti-ship missile＇s maneuver acceleration and the order of flight control system of the air-ship missile are analyzed.Finally,the optimum weaving maneuver and spiral maneuver which make the miss distance be the largest under some conditions are designed,which is of important meaning for increasing the survival probability of the anti-ship missile.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(70471063,70771010)
文摘A fuzzy bi-matrix game（FBG）,namely a two-person non-zero-sum game with fuzzy strategies and fuzzy payoffs is proposed.We have defined and analyzed the optimal strategies of this FBG,and shown that it can be transformed into a corresponding fuzzy mathematical programming issue,for which a ranking function approach can be applied.In addition,optimal strategies of FBG for both Player I and Player II can be gotten.
文摘A multi-objective optimization approach for the roll shifting strategy in cross rolling campaigns of hot strip mills is presented. The effect of different roll shifting strategies on roll wear contour is studied by numerical simulation, and two evaluation indexes ,namely body smoothness and edge smoothness, are proposed. The average body smoothness and average rolling edge smoothness of all strips in a rolling campaign are taken as the objective functions, the shifting positions of all wide strips as the decision variables, and the multi-objective method of NSGA-II as the optimizer. Thus a multi-objective optimization model for the roll shifting strategy is built. The simulation results show that work roll shifting can make wear contour smooth,and a dish-shaped wear contour without severe local wear can be achieved by the roll shifting strategy with varying stroke. Optimization experimentation shows that by means of NSGA-II,a good Pareto-optimal front can be obtained, which suggests a series of alternative solutions for roll shifting strategy optimization. The experimentation also shows that there is a conflict between the two objectives. Finally, application cases confirm the feasibility of the multi-objective approach, which can improve the strip profile ,reduce edge waves and extend the rolling miles of a rolling campaign.
