In this paper,we use the double difference location method based on waveform crosscorrelation algorithm for precise positioning of the Three Gorges Reservoir( TGR)earthquakes and analysis of seismic activity. First,we...In this paper,we use the double difference location method based on waveform crosscorrelation algorithm for precise positioning of the Three Gorges Reservoir( TGR)earthquakes and analysis of seismic activity. First,we use the bi-spectrum cross-correlation method to analyze the seismic waveform data of TGR encrypted networks from March,2009 to December,2010,and evaluate the quality of waveform cross-correlation analysis.Combined with the waveform cross-correlation of data obtained, we use the double difference method to relocate the earthquake position. The results show that location precision using bi-spectrum verified waveform cross-correlation data is higher than that by using other types of data,and the mean 2 sig-error in EW,NS and UD are 3.2 m,3.9 m and 6.2 m,respectively. For the relocation of the Three Gorges Reservoir earthquakes,the results show that the micro-earthquakes along the Shenlongxi river in the Badong reservoir area obviously show the characteristics of three linear zones with nearly east-west direction,which is in accordance with the small faults and carbonate strata line of the neotectonic period,revealing the reservoir water main along the underground rivers or caves permeated and induced seismic activity. The stronger earthquakes may have resulted from small earthquakes through the active layers.展开更多
The locations of about 400 earthquakes in Yangjiang, Guangdong Province are determined using the double, difference earthquake location algorithm （DDA）. The seismicity pattern becomes concentrated from discrete grid...The locations of about 400 earthquakes in Yangjiang, Guangdong Province are determined using the double, difference earthquake location algorithm （DDA）. The seismicity pattern becomes concentrated from discrete grids. The rupture characteristics of the Yangjiang earthquake sequence show a conjugated distribution in NW and NE directions. The major distribution trends NE and dips NE with an angle of 30^o and a length of 30km,and the minor distribution trends NW and dips SE with an angle of 30^o and a length of 20km. The focal depth is 5km - 15km. The distribution of the Enping earthquake sequence,which is not far from Yangjiang,is NW-trending. The relationship between hypocenter distribution and geological structure is discussed.展开更多
Network virtualization is known as a promising technology to tackle the ossification of current Internet and will play an important role in the future network area. Virtual network embedding(VNE) is a key issue in net...Network virtualization is known as a promising technology to tackle the ossification of current Internet and will play an important role in the future network area. Virtual network embedding(VNE) is a key issue in network virtualization. VNE is NP-hard and former VNE algorithms are mostly heuristic in the literature.VNE exact algorithms have been developed in recent years. However, the constraints of exact VNE are only node capacity and link bandwidth.Based on these, this paper presents an exact VNE algorithm, ILP-LC, which is based on Integer Linear Programming(ILP), for embedding virtual network request with location constraints. This novel algorithm is aiming at mapping virtual network request(VNR) successfully as many as possible and consuming less substrate resources.The topology of each VNR is randomly generated by Waxman model. Simulation results show that the proposed ILP-LC algorithm outperforms the typical heuristic algorithms in terms of the VNR acceptance ratio, at least 15%.展开更多
When correcting a fault, adding a new concept or feature, or adapting a system to conform to a new platform, software engineers must first find the relevant parts of the code that correspond to a particular change. Th...When correcting a fault, adding a new concept or feature, or adapting a system to conform to a new platform, software engineers must first find the relevant parts of the code that correspond to a particular change. This is termed as concept or feature location process. Several techniques have been introduced which automate some or all of the process of concept location. Those techniques rely heavily on code comprehension as it is considered a prerequisite when attempting to maintain any software system. It provides a comprehensive overview of large body work which is beneficial to researchers and practitioners. This paper presents an overview of code comprehension categorization and consequence. A systematic literature survey of concept location enhancement techniques is also presented. Moreover, the paper presents an overview of the role of concept location in program comprehension and maintenance and discusses information retrieval techniques to advance concept location.展开更多
In the traditional environment, the factors for considering the location of the waste transfer station and the landfill are relatively fixed, and the scale of the problem is small. But in Internet of Things(IoT) envir...In the traditional environment, the factors for considering the location of the waste transfer station and the landfill are relatively fixed, and the scale of the problem is small. But in Internet of Things(IoT) environment, the waste storage in the household waste can be monitored in real time, the environmental data can be collected by means of emerging information technology, and the residents are more sensitive to the environmental pollution of the waste. Under such conditions, the method for location of traditional waste disposal facilities needs to be redeveloped to obtain a waste transfer station and landfill site that are suitable for the IoT environment. For this reason, a two-objective integer programming model is designed. The two objectives are lowest cost and minimum impact of waste on residents. The expectations of city managers and residents are considered into the modeling. Through the simulation experiments on different scale problems, the integration method for integer programming model and simulation system is verified to solve the location of waste transfer stations in IoT environment.展开更多
We employ uncertain programming to investigate the competitive logistics distribution center location problem in uncertain environment, in which the demands of customers and the setup costs of new distribution centers...We employ uncertain programming to investigate the competitive logistics distribution center location problem in uncertain environment, in which the demands of customers and the setup costs of new distribution centers are uncertain variables. This research was studied with the assumption that customers patronize the nearest distribution center to satisfy their full demands. Within the framework of uncertainty theory, we construct the expected value model to maximize the expected profit of the new distribution center. In order to seek for the optimal solution, this model can be transformed into its deterministic form by taking advantage of the operational law of uncertain variables. Then we can use mathematical software to obtain the optimal location. In addition, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented model.展开更多
A mathematical optimal model is developed to address the problem of logistics hubs location.The method integrates nonlinear programming models and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,and handles both quantitative and quali...A mathematical optimal model is developed to address the problem of logistics hubs location.The method integrates nonlinear programming models and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,and handles both quantitative and qualitative factors that influence the location of logistics hubs.A mathematical programming model is used to find the optimal candidate sites of the logistics hub based on profit-maximizing criteria.Then a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to determine the final optimal location of those candidate sites by taking account of criteria including stability of policy environment,convenience of transportation(e.g.,easy access to highways/expressways,etc.),rationality of economy,competition and sustainability.Finally,the methodology is demonstrated by a case study of the Transfar Logistics Base in Zhejiang Province.The results verify the method application for logistics hub locations and show how to locate a logistics hub in practice from the case of Transfar Logistics Base.展开更多
Background: Location of death has been used to examine an indicator for good death. This study aims to examine location of death among patients with three major cancers (gastric, liver, and lung) and other factors ass...Background: Location of death has been used to examine an indicator for good death. This study aims to examine location of death among patients with three major cancers (gastric, liver, and lung) and other factors associated with location of death in South Korea. Methods: We selected the medical and pharmacy claims data for health services and location of death among the 42,596 decedents with cancer (lung 16,632, liver 15,872, gastric 10,092) from 2009 to 2013. We used logistic regressions to identify factors associated with home death. Outcome measures are locations of death (hospital, outpatient clinics or emergency room and home). Results: Only 8.9% died at home whereas 46.5% died in hospital as inpatients. Patients with more than one comorbid cancer or receivers for any supportive care were significantly more likely to die in hospital. Female and younger than 55 years old liver cancer patients were associated with home death. Patients living in metropolitan area, or paying more insurance premium, or being public aid beneficiaries, were associated with home death. Conclusions: The supportive care service use prior to death was significantly associated with increasing odds to hospital death. Being older than 75, or having multiple cancers was significant factors associated with hospital death, whereas living in metropolitan area, lower income or emergency visit were significant factors with home death. These findings are opposite to what is found, as the palliative care and hospice is predominantly hospital-centered. The findings emphasize a need to available end-of-life care in community for dying patients.展开更多
Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical network.The locational optimization problem is approached with a c...Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical network.The locational optimization problem is approached with a continuous model.The facilities are considered as point-like.The proposed methodology solves these problems by using Voronoi diagrams to define the catchment area and minimizes the average distance traveled by the users.The approach is implemented by loose coupling between the Directed Tabu Search algorithm for continuous nonlinear optimization with constraints and the Geographical Information System where the cost function is evaluated.In the case study example,facilities operate in a hierarchical network consisting of bank branches and Automated Teller Machines(ATM)of a private Greek bank.A new bank branch location and the insertion of an ATM were examined and compared,providing an improvement of 25.6 and 12.8%,respectively.The proposed approach resulted in visualizing the optimum location on the map,providing the ability to study the modifications that occurred.This could be a useful tool in the hands of practitioners and provide new options in the decision-making process.展开更多
This paper describes a bi-level programming model that seeks to simultaneously optimize location and design decisions of facilities in a distribution system in order to realize company's maximal total profit subje...This paper describes a bi-level programming model that seeks to simultaneously optimize location and design decisions of facilities in a distribution system in order to realize company's maximal total profit subject to the constraints on the facility capacity and the investment budget.In the upper-level problem,twoechelon integrated competitive/uncompetitive capacitated facility location model,which involves facility location and design,is presented.In the lower-level problem,customer is assumed to patronize store based on facility utility which is expressed by service time cost in the store and its travel cost to customer.Customer's facility choice behavior is presented by a stochastic user equilibrium assignment model with elastic demand.Since such a distribution system design problem belongs to a class of NP-hard problem,a genetic algorithm(GA)-based heuristic procedure is presented.Finally,a numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed model and some parameter sensitivity analyses are presented.展开更多
This paper proposes an adaptive sparsity-based direct position determination (DPD) appoach to locate multiple targets in the case of time-varying channels. The novel feature of this method is to dynamically adjust bot...This paper proposes an adaptive sparsity-based direct position determination (DPD) appoach to locate multiple targets in the case of time-varying channels. The novel feature of this method is to dynamically adjust both the overcomplete basis and the sparse solution based on a two-step dictionary learning (DL) framework. The method first performs supervised offline DL by using the quadratic programming approach, and then the dictionary is continuously updated in an incremental fashion to adapt to the time-varying channel during the online stage. Furthermore, the method does not need the number of emitters a prior. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm on the location estimation accuracy.展开更多
Single Stage Capacitated Warehouse Location Problem (SSCWLP) has been attempted by few researchers in the past. These are Geoffrion and Graves [1], Sharma [2], Sharma [3] and Sharma and Berry [4]. In this paper we giv...Single Stage Capacitated Warehouse Location Problem (SSCWLP) has been attempted by few researchers in the past. These are Geoffrion and Graves [1], Sharma [2], Sharma [3] and Sharma and Berry [4]. In this paper we give a “vertical decomposition” approach to solve SSCWLP that uses Lagrangian relaxation. This way SSCWLP is broken into two versions of capacitated plant location problem (the CPLP_L and CPLP_R) by relaxing the flow balance constraints. For CPLP_R, we use well known Lagrangian relaxations given in literature (Christofides and Beasley [5] and Nauss [6]);and adopt them suitably for solving CPLP_L. We show theoretically in this paper that SSCWLP can be more efficiently solved by techniques of vertical decomposition developed in this paper than the method available in literature (Sharma and Berry [4]). Encouraging computational study is reported in this paper.展开更多
Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the foc...Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored.展开更多
Five mobile digital seismic stations were set up by the Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province near the epicenter of the main shock after the Ning＇er M6. 4 earthquake on June 3, 2007. In this paper, the aftersh...Five mobile digital seismic stations were set up by the Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province near the epicenter of the main shock after the Ning＇er M6. 4 earthquake on June 3, 2007. In this paper, the aftershock sequence of the Ning＇er M6. 4 earthquake is relocated by using the double difference earthquake location method. The data is from the 5 mobile digital seismic stations and the permanent Simao seismic station. The results show that the length of the aftershock sequence is 40kin and the width is 30km, concentrated obviously at the lateral displacement area between the Pu＇er fault and the NNE-trending faults, with the majority occurring on the Pu＇er fault around the main shock. The depths of aftershocks are from 2kin to 12km, and the predominant distribution is in the depth of 8 ~ 10km. The mean depth is 7. 9kin. The seismic fault dips to the northwest revealed from the profile parallel to this aftershock sequence, which is identical to the dip of the secondary fault of the NE-trending Menglian-Mojiang fault in the earthquake area. There are more earthquakes concentrated in the northwest segment than in the southeast segment, which is perhaps related to the underground medium and faults. The depth profile of the earthquake sequence shows that the relocated earthquakes are mainly located near the Pu＇er fault and the seismic faults dip to the southwest, consistent with the dip of the west branch of the Pu＇er fault. In all, the fault strike revealed by earthquake relocations matches well with the strike in the focal mechanism solutions. The main shock is in the top of the aftershock sequence and the aftershocks are symmetrically distributed, showing that faulting was complete in both the NE and SW directions.展开更多
We consider a capacitated location-allocation problem in the presence of k connections on the horizontal line barrier. The objective is to locate a set of new facilities among a set of existing facilities and to alloc...We consider a capacitated location-allocation problem in the presence of k connections on the horizontal line barrier. The objective is to locate a set of new facilities among a set of existing facilities and to allocate an optimal number of existing facilities to each new facility in order to satisfy their demands such that the summation of the weighted rectilinear barrier distances from new facilities to existing facilities is minimized. The proposed problem is designed as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model. To show the efficiency of the model, a numerical example is provided. It is worth noting that the global optimal solution is obtained.展开更多
The double-difference earthquake relocation algorithm (DD algorithm) has been applied to the accurate relocation of 10057 earthquakes in the central-western China (21°-36°N, 98°-112E°) during the p...The double-difference earthquake relocation algorithm (DD algorithm) has been applied to the accurate relocation of 10057 earthquakes in the central-western China (21°-36°N, 98°-112E°) during the period of 1992-1999. In total, 79706 readings for P waves and 72169 readings for S waves were used in the relocation, and the source parameters of 6496 events were obtained. The relocation results revealed a more complete picture of the hypocentral distribution in the central-western China. In several seismic belts the relocated epicenters present a more defined lineation feature, reflecting the close correlation between the seismicity and the active tectonic structures. The relocated focal depths confirmed that most earthquakes (91 percent of the 6496 relocated events) in the central-western China were located at shallower depths not deeper than 20 km. The distribution of focal depths indicates that the seismogenic layer in the central-western China is located in the upper-mid crust with its thickness no deeper than 20 km.展开更多
In this paper we study the problem of locating multiple facilities in convex sets with fuzzy parameters. This problem asks to find the location of new facilities in the given convex sets such that the sum of weighted ...In this paper we study the problem of locating multiple facilities in convex sets with fuzzy parameters. This problem asks to find the location of new facilities in the given convex sets such that the sum of weighted distances between new facilities and existing facilities is minimized. We present a linear programming model for this problem with block norms, then we use it for problems with fuzzy data. We also do this for rectilinear and infinity norms as special cases of block norms.展开更多
Telecommuting is a Transportation Demand Management strategy to partially or completely replace the daily commute with telecommunication technologies. Research has revealed that telecommuting can be effectively done f...Telecommuting is a Transportation Demand Management strategy to partially or completely replace the daily commute with telecommunication technologies. Research has revealed that telecommuting can be effectively done from special places provided for this purpose called telecenters. In telecenter-based telecommuting, trip lengths are shortened due to change in the location of work places. Thus suitable locations of telecenters play an important role in increasing the beneficial impacts of telecommuting in the transportation systems. In this research, a mathematical optimization model for finding optimal location and capacity of telecenters is proposed. This model is a bi-objective linear program, and a Fuzzy Goal Programming method with a preemptive structure is used to solve it. Telecommuting demand is classified into three groups of telecommuters and a priority structure that assigns the higher priority class to the closer telecenters is also incorporated into the model. The proposed model is implemented in a case study of finding optimal location of telecenters for government employees in Tehran (capital of Iran) metropolitan area. The base model is solved and its sensitivity to different parameters has been analyzed based on which, an optimal model is selected. The solution of this model is an optimal pattern for distribution of telecommuting capacities and yields the most system-wide benefits from implementation of telecommuting.展开更多
An accurate fault location algorithm for double-circuit series compensated lines is presented.Use of two-end unsynchronized measurements of current and voltage signals is considered.The algorithm applies two subroutin...An accurate fault location algorithm for double-circuit series compensated lines is presented.Use of two-end unsynchronized measurements of current and voltage signals is considered.The algorithm applies two subroutines,designated for locating faults on particular line sections,and additionally the procedure for selecting the valid subroutine.The subroutines are formulated with use of the generalized fault loop model and the distributed parameter line model is applied.Performed ATP-EMTP based evaluation has shown the validity of the derived fault location algorithm and its high accuracy.展开更多
基金funded by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program(2008BAC38B04)the Special Research Fund for Seismology(16A44ZX282)
文摘In this paper,we use the double difference location method based on waveform crosscorrelation algorithm for precise positioning of the Three Gorges Reservoir( TGR)earthquakes and analysis of seismic activity. First,we use the bi-spectrum cross-correlation method to analyze the seismic waveform data of TGR encrypted networks from March,2009 to December,2010,and evaluate the quality of waveform cross-correlation analysis.Combined with the waveform cross-correlation of data obtained, we use the double difference method to relocate the earthquake position. The results show that location precision using bi-spectrum verified waveform cross-correlation data is higher than that by using other types of data,and the mean 2 sig-error in EW,NS and UD are 3.2 m,3.9 m and 6.2 m,respectively. For the relocation of the Three Gorges Reservoir earthquakes,the results show that the micro-earthquakes along the Shenlongxi river in the Badong reservoir area obviously show the characteristics of three linear zones with nearly east-west direction,which is in accordance with the small faults and carbonate strata line of the neotectonic period,revealing the reservoir water main along the underground rivers or caves permeated and induced seismic activity. The stronger earthquakes may have resulted from small earthquakes through the active layers.
基金The research was sponsored by the Key Science and Technology R&D Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No. 2005B32601003)
文摘The locations of about 400 earthquakes in Yangjiang, Guangdong Province are determined using the double, difference earthquake location algorithm （DDA）. The seismicity pattern becomes concentrated from discrete grids. The rupture characteristics of the Yangjiang earthquake sequence show a conjugated distribution in NW and NE directions. The major distribution trends NE and dips NE with an angle of 30^o and a length of 30km,and the minor distribution trends NW and dips SE with an angle of 30^o and a length of 20km. The focal depth is 5km - 15km. The distribution of the Enping earthquake sequence,which is not far from Yangjiang,is NW-trending. The relationship between hypocenter distribution and geological structure is discussed.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant 2013CB329005
文摘Network virtualization is known as a promising technology to tackle the ossification of current Internet and will play an important role in the future network area. Virtual network embedding(VNE) is a key issue in network virtualization. VNE is NP-hard and former VNE algorithms are mostly heuristic in the literature.VNE exact algorithms have been developed in recent years. However, the constraints of exact VNE are only node capacity and link bandwidth.Based on these, this paper presents an exact VNE algorithm, ILP-LC, which is based on Integer Linear Programming(ILP), for embedding virtual network request with location constraints. This novel algorithm is aiming at mapping virtual network request(VNR) successfully as many as possible and consuming less substrate resources.The topology of each VNR is randomly generated by Waxman model. Simulation results show that the proposed ILP-LC algorithm outperforms the typical heuristic algorithms in terms of the VNR acceptance ratio, at least 15%.
文摘When correcting a fault, adding a new concept or feature, or adapting a system to conform to a new platform, software engineers must first find the relevant parts of the code that correspond to a particular change. This is termed as concept or feature location process. Several techniques have been introduced which automate some or all of the process of concept location. Those techniques rely heavily on code comprehension as it is considered a prerequisite when attempting to maintain any software system. It provides a comprehensive overview of large body work which is beneficial to researchers and practitioners. This paper presents an overview of code comprehension categorization and consequence. A systematic literature survey of concept location enhancement techniques is also presented. Moreover, the paper presents an overview of the role of concept location in program comprehension and maintenance and discusses information retrieval techniques to advance concept location.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71531009).
文摘In the traditional environment, the factors for considering the location of the waste transfer station and the landfill are relatively fixed, and the scale of the problem is small. But in Internet of Things(IoT) environment, the waste storage in the household waste can be monitored in real time, the environmental data can be collected by means of emerging information technology, and the residents are more sensitive to the environmental pollution of the waste. Under such conditions, the method for location of traditional waste disposal facilities needs to be redeveloped to obtain a waste transfer station and landfill site that are suitable for the IoT environment. For this reason, a two-objective integer programming model is designed. The two objectives are lowest cost and minimum impact of waste on residents. The expectations of city managers and residents are considered into the modeling. Through the simulation experiments on different scale problems, the integration method for integer programming model and simulation system is verified to solve the location of waste transfer stations in IoT environment.
文摘We employ uncertain programming to investigate the competitive logistics distribution center location problem in uncertain environment, in which the demands of customers and the setup costs of new distribution centers are uncertain variables. This research was studied with the assumption that customers patronize the nearest distribution center to satisfy their full demands. Within the framework of uncertainty theory, we construct the expected value model to maximize the expected profit of the new distribution center. In order to seek for the optimal solution, this model can be transformed into its deterministic form by taking advantage of the operational law of uncertain variables. Then we can use mathematical software to obtain the optimal location. In addition, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented model.
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2006BAH02A06)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in China(No.NCET-05-0529)
文摘A mathematical optimal model is developed to address the problem of logistics hubs location.The method integrates nonlinear programming models and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,and handles both quantitative and qualitative factors that influence the location of logistics hubs.A mathematical programming model is used to find the optimal candidate sites of the logistics hub based on profit-maximizing criteria.Then a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to determine the final optimal location of those candidate sites by taking account of criteria including stability of policy environment,convenience of transportation(e.g.,easy access to highways/expressways,etc.),rationality of economy,competition and sustainability.Finally,the methodology is demonstrated by a case study of the Transfar Logistics Base in Zhejiang Province.The results verify the method application for logistics hub locations and show how to locate a logistics hub in practice from the case of Transfar Logistics Base.
文摘Background: Location of death has been used to examine an indicator for good death. This study aims to examine location of death among patients with three major cancers (gastric, liver, and lung) and other factors associated with location of death in South Korea. Methods: We selected the medical and pharmacy claims data for health services and location of death among the 42,596 decedents with cancer (lung 16,632, liver 15,872, gastric 10,092) from 2009 to 2013. We used logistic regressions to identify factors associated with home death. Outcome measures are locations of death (hospital, outpatient clinics or emergency room and home). Results: Only 8.9% died at home whereas 46.5% died in hospital as inpatients. Patients with more than one comorbid cancer or receivers for any supportive care were significantly more likely to die in hospital. Female and younger than 55 years old liver cancer patients were associated with home death. Patients living in metropolitan area, or paying more insurance premium, or being public aid beneficiaries, were associated with home death. Conclusions: The supportive care service use prior to death was significantly associated with increasing odds to hospital death. Being older than 75, or having multiple cancers was significant factors associated with hospital death, whereas living in metropolitan area, lower income or emergency visit were significant factors with home death. These findings are opposite to what is found, as the palliative care and hospice is predominantly hospital-centered. The findings emphasize a need to available end-of-life care in community for dying patients.
文摘Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical network.The locational optimization problem is approached with a continuous model.The facilities are considered as point-like.The proposed methodology solves these problems by using Voronoi diagrams to define the catchment area and minimizes the average distance traveled by the users.The approach is implemented by loose coupling between the Directed Tabu Search algorithm for continuous nonlinear optimization with constraints and the Geographical Information System where the cost function is evaluated.In the case study example,facilities operate in a hierarchical network consisting of bank branches and Automated Teller Machines(ATM)of a private Greek bank.A new bank branch location and the insertion of an ATM were examined and compared,providing an improvement of 25.6 and 12.8%,respectively.The proposed approach resulted in visualizing the optimum location on the map,providing the ability to study the modifications that occurred.This could be a useful tool in the hands of practitioners and provide new options in the decision-making process.
基金the 2009 Science Foundation for Youths of the Department of Education of Jiangxi Province (No.GJJ09558)the 2009 Humanities and Social Science found of College of Jiangxi Province (No.GL0911)
文摘This paper describes a bi-level programming model that seeks to simultaneously optimize location and design decisions of facilities in a distribution system in order to realize company's maximal total profit subject to the constraints on the facility capacity and the investment budget.In the upper-level problem,twoechelon integrated competitive/uncompetitive capacitated facility location model,which involves facility location and design,is presented.In the lower-level problem,customer is assumed to patronize store based on facility utility which is expressed by service time cost in the store and its travel cost to customer.Customer's facility choice behavior is presented by a stochastic user equilibrium assignment model with elastic demand.Since such a distribution system design problem belongs to a class of NP-hard problem,a genetic algorithm(GA)-based heuristic procedure is presented.Finally,a numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed model and some parameter sensitivity analyses are presented.
文摘This paper proposes an adaptive sparsity-based direct position determination (DPD) appoach to locate multiple targets in the case of time-varying channels. The novel feature of this method is to dynamically adjust both the overcomplete basis and the sparse solution based on a two-step dictionary learning (DL) framework. The method first performs supervised offline DL by using the quadratic programming approach, and then the dictionary is continuously updated in an incremental fashion to adapt to the time-varying channel during the online stage. Furthermore, the method does not need the number of emitters a prior. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm on the location estimation accuracy.
文摘Single Stage Capacitated Warehouse Location Problem (SSCWLP) has been attempted by few researchers in the past. These are Geoffrion and Graves [1], Sharma [2], Sharma [3] and Sharma and Berry [4]. In this paper we give a “vertical decomposition” approach to solve SSCWLP that uses Lagrangian relaxation. This way SSCWLP is broken into two versions of capacitated plant location problem (the CPLP_L and CPLP_R) by relaxing the flow balance constraints. For CPLP_R, we use well known Lagrangian relaxations given in literature (Christofides and Beasley [5] and Nauss [6]);and adopt them suitably for solving CPLP_L. We show theoretically in this paper that SSCWLP can be more efficiently solved by techniques of vertical decomposition developed in this paper than the method available in literature (Sharma and Berry [4]). Encouraging computational study is reported in this paper.
基金This research was supported by the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation (A07124)the project of"Application of Digital Seismic Data to Short-impending Tracing"of China Earthquake Administration (120602-06-114)
文摘Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored.
基金sponsored by the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation,China (200804)
文摘Five mobile digital seismic stations were set up by the Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province near the epicenter of the main shock after the Ning＇er M6. 4 earthquake on June 3, 2007. In this paper, the aftershock sequence of the Ning＇er M6. 4 earthquake is relocated by using the double difference earthquake location method. The data is from the 5 mobile digital seismic stations and the permanent Simao seismic station. The results show that the length of the aftershock sequence is 40kin and the width is 30km, concentrated obviously at the lateral displacement area between the Pu＇er fault and the NNE-trending faults, with the majority occurring on the Pu＇er fault around the main shock. The depths of aftershocks are from 2kin to 12km, and the predominant distribution is in the depth of 8 ~ 10km. The mean depth is 7. 9kin. The seismic fault dips to the northwest revealed from the profile parallel to this aftershock sequence, which is identical to the dip of the secondary fault of the NE-trending Menglian-Mojiang fault in the earthquake area. There are more earthquakes concentrated in the northwest segment than in the southeast segment, which is perhaps related to the underground medium and faults. The depth profile of the earthquake sequence shows that the relocated earthquakes are mainly located near the Pu＇er fault and the seismic faults dip to the southwest, consistent with the dip of the west branch of the Pu＇er fault. In all, the fault strike revealed by earthquake relocations matches well with the strike in the focal mechanism solutions. The main shock is in the top of the aftershock sequence and the aftershocks are symmetrically distributed, showing that faulting was complete in both the NE and SW directions.
文摘We consider a capacitated location-allocation problem in the presence of k connections on the horizontal line barrier. The objective is to locate a set of new facilities among a set of existing facilities and to allocate an optimal number of existing facilities to each new facility in order to satisfy their demands such that the summation of the weighted rectilinear barrier distances from new facilities to existing facilities is minimized. The proposed problem is designed as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model. To show the efficiency of the model, a numerical example is provided. It is worth noting that the global optimal solution is obtained.
文摘The double-difference earthquake relocation algorithm (DD algorithm) has been applied to the accurate relocation of 10057 earthquakes in the central-western China (21°-36°N, 98°-112E°) during the period of 1992-1999. In total, 79706 readings for P waves and 72169 readings for S waves were used in the relocation, and the source parameters of 6496 events were obtained. The relocation results revealed a more complete picture of the hypocentral distribution in the central-western China. In several seismic belts the relocated epicenters present a more defined lineation feature, reflecting the close correlation between the seismicity and the active tectonic structures. The relocated focal depths confirmed that most earthquakes (91 percent of the 6496 relocated events) in the central-western China were located at shallower depths not deeper than 20 km. The distribution of focal depths indicates that the seismogenic layer in the central-western China is located in the upper-mid crust with its thickness no deeper than 20 km.
文摘In this paper we study the problem of locating multiple facilities in convex sets with fuzzy parameters. This problem asks to find the location of new facilities in the given convex sets such that the sum of weighted distances between new facilities and existing facilities is minimized. We present a linear programming model for this problem with block norms, then we use it for problems with fuzzy data. We also do this for rectilinear and infinity norms as special cases of block norms.
文摘Telecommuting is a Transportation Demand Management strategy to partially or completely replace the daily commute with telecommunication technologies. Research has revealed that telecommuting can be effectively done from special places provided for this purpose called telecenters. In telecenter-based telecommuting, trip lengths are shortened due to change in the location of work places. Thus suitable locations of telecenters play an important role in increasing the beneficial impacts of telecommuting in the transportation systems. In this research, a mathematical optimization model for finding optimal location and capacity of telecenters is proposed. This model is a bi-objective linear program, and a Fuzzy Goal Programming method with a preemptive structure is used to solve it. Telecommuting demand is classified into three groups of telecommuters and a priority structure that assigns the higher priority class to the closer telecenters is also incorporated into the model. The proposed model is implemented in a case study of finding optimal location of telecenters for government employees in Tehran (capital of Iran) metropolitan area. The base model is solved and its sensitivity to different parameters has been analyzed based on which, an optimal model is selected. The solution of this model is an optimal pattern for distribution of telecommuting capacities and yields the most system-wide benefits from implementation of telecommuting.
文摘An accurate fault location algorithm for double-circuit series compensated lines is presented.Use of two-end unsynchronized measurements of current and voltage signals is considered.The algorithm applies two subroutines,designated for locating faults on particular line sections,and additionally the procedure for selecting the valid subroutine.The subroutines are formulated with use of the generalized fault loop model and the distributed parameter line model is applied.Performed ATP-EMTP based evaluation has shown the validity of the derived fault location algorithm and its high accuracy.
