Achieving efficient flotation separation of chalcopyrite and galena while maintaining environmental friendliness poses a challenge.This study utilized the environmentally friendly copolymer acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2...Achieving efficient flotation separation of chalcopyrite and galena while maintaining environmental friendliness poses a challenge.This study utilized the environmentally friendly copolymer acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid(AA/AMPS)as a depressant to separate chalcopyrite and galena.Flotation tests revealed a significant reduction in galena recovery when AA/AMPS was employed,with minimal impact observed on chalcopyrite.In artificial mixed ore flotation,AA/AMPS was found to enhance the efficiency of copper and lead separation,surpassing K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7).Furthermore,the effectiveness of AA/AMPS in facilitating copper-lead separation has been validated in practical ore flotation.The presence of AA/AMPS inhibited the adsorption of SBX onto galena,as confirmed by zeta potential and contact angle measurements.However,the adsorption on chalcopyrite remained unaffected.Through analyses using Atomic Force Microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and Density Functional Theory,a robust chemical interaction between the reactive groups in AA/AMPS and Pb sites on galena was uncovered,resulting in the formation of a hydrophilic polymer layer.This layer impedes SBX adsorption and reduces galena's floatability.In contrast,no significant chemical adsorption was observed between AA/AMPS and Cu and Fe sites on chalcopyrite,preserving its SBX affinity.Overall,AA/AMPS shows promise in replacing traditional depressants for Cu-Pb sulfide ore separation,enhancing environmental sustainability.展开更多
Polymeric nanoparticles（NPs）have drawn great interest in the past few years due to their potential applications in the felds of biomedical and optical technologies.However,it is still a challenge to prepare function...Polymeric nanoparticles（NPs）have drawn great interest in the past few years due to their potential applications in the felds of biomedical and optical technologies.However,it is still a challenge to prepare functional polymeric NPs,especially for particle diameters smaller than 50 nm.In this work,we demonstrate a one-pot method to fabricate reactive poly（divinyl benzene-co-maleic anhydride）NPs（PDVBMAH NPs）through a self-stable precipitation polymerization process.The size and morphology of these PDVBMAH NPs were characterized in detail by scanning electronic microscopy,and their chemical structure was determined by IR.The results showed that these NPs were highly cross-linked and their diameter was about 30 nm with narrow distribution.Additionally,the DVB and MAH endow the NPs with reactive surface anhydride and pendant vinyl groups,and these particles could be further functionalized through reaction of these groups.A plausible pathway was proposed for the formation of PDVBMAH NPs.展开更多
Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experim...Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experiments. Here, to address this long-standing issue, we present a quantum twisted double-slit experiment. By exploiting the subluminal feature of twisted photons, the real nature of a photon during its time in flight is revealed for the first time. We found that photons' arrival times were inconsistent with the states obtained in measurements but agreed with the states during propagation. Our results demonstrate that wavefunctions describe the realistic existence and evolution of quantum entities rather than a pure mathematical abstraction providing a probability list of measurement outcomes. This finding clarifies the long-held misunderstanding of the role of wavefunctions and their collapse in the evolution of quantum entities.展开更多
基金supported by the Cultivation plan of National Science and Technology Award reserve Project of Jiangxi Science and Technology Department(No.20192AEI91003)the Major science and technology projects of Qinghai Province(No.2018GX-A7)。
文摘Achieving efficient flotation separation of chalcopyrite and galena while maintaining environmental friendliness poses a challenge.This study utilized the environmentally friendly copolymer acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid(AA/AMPS)as a depressant to separate chalcopyrite and galena.Flotation tests revealed a significant reduction in galena recovery when AA/AMPS was employed,with minimal impact observed on chalcopyrite.In artificial mixed ore flotation,AA/AMPS was found to enhance the efficiency of copper and lead separation,surpassing K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7).Furthermore,the effectiveness of AA/AMPS in facilitating copper-lead separation has been validated in practical ore flotation.The presence of AA/AMPS inhibited the adsorption of SBX onto galena,as confirmed by zeta potential and contact angle measurements.However,the adsorption on chalcopyrite remained unaffected.Through analyses using Atomic Force Microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and Density Functional Theory,a robust chemical interaction between the reactive groups in AA/AMPS and Pb sites on galena was uncovered,resulting in the formation of a hydrophilic polymer layer.This layer impedes SBX adsorption and reduces galena's floatability.In contrast,no significant chemical adsorption was observed between AA/AMPS and Cu and Fe sites on chalcopyrite,preserving its SBX affinity.Overall,AA/AMPS shows promise in replacing traditional depressants for Cu-Pb sulfide ore separation,enhancing environmental sustainability.
文摘Polymeric nanoparticles（NPs）have drawn great interest in the past few years due to their potential applications in the felds of biomedical and optical technologies.However,it is still a challenge to prepare functional polymeric NPs,especially for particle diameters smaller than 50 nm.In this work,we demonstrate a one-pot method to fabricate reactive poly（divinyl benzene-co-maleic anhydride）NPs（PDVBMAH NPs）through a self-stable precipitation polymerization process.The size and morphology of these PDVBMAH NPs were characterized in detail by scanning electronic microscopy,and their chemical structure was determined by IR.The results showed that these NPs were highly cross-linked and their diameter was about 30 nm with narrow distribution.Additionally,the DVB and MAH endow the NPs with reactive surface anhydride and pendant vinyl groups,and these particles could be further functionalized through reaction of these groups.A plausible pathway was proposed for the formation of PDVBMAH NPs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(61525504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11574065,11604322,61275115,61378003,61435011 and 61605194)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016M590570)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(11604322)the Key Programs of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(ZD201415).
文摘Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experiments. Here, to address this long-standing issue, we present a quantum twisted double-slit experiment. By exploiting the subluminal feature of twisted photons, the real nature of a photon during its time in flight is revealed for the first time. We found that photons' arrival times were inconsistent with the states obtained in measurements but agreed with the states during propagation. Our results demonstrate that wavefunctions describe the realistic existence and evolution of quantum entities rather than a pure mathematical abstraction providing a probability list of measurement outcomes. This finding clarifies the long-held misunderstanding of the role of wavefunctions and their collapse in the evolution of quantum entities.
