The development of quantum materials for single-photon emission is crucial for the advancement of quantum information technology.Although significant advancements have been witnessed in recent years for single-photon ...The development of quantum materials for single-photon emission is crucial for the advancement of quantum information technology.Although significant advancements have been witnessed in recent years for single-photon sources in the near-infrared band(λ∼700–1000 nm),several challenges have yet to be addressed for ideal single-photon emission at the telecommunication band.In this study,we present a droplet-epitaxy strategy for O-band to C-band single-photon source-based semiconductor quantum dots(QDs)using metal-organic vaporphase epitaxy(MOVPE).By investigating the growth conditions of the epitaxial process,we have successfully synthesized InAs/InP QDs with narrow emission lines spanning a broad spectral range of λ∼1200–1600 nm.The morphological and optical properties of the samples were characterized using atomic force microscopy and microphotoluminescence spectroscopy.The recorded single-photon purity of a plain QD structure reaches g^((2))(0)=0.16,with a radiative recombination lifetime as short as 1.5 ns.This work provides a crucial platform for future research on integrated microcavity enhancement techniques and coupled QDs with other quantum photonics in the telecom bands,offering significant prospects for quantum network applications.展开更多
Herein,antibacterial silver‑doped fluorescent carbon dots(Ag‑CDs)were synthesized through a stepwise hydrothermal method,with polyethyleneimine(PEI),citric acid(CA),and silver nitrate(AgNO3)serving as precursors.The a...Herein,antibacterial silver‑doped fluorescent carbon dots(Ag‑CDs)were synthesized through a stepwise hydrothermal method,with polyethyleneimine(PEI),citric acid(CA),and silver nitrate(AgNO3)serving as precursors.The applicability and antimicrobial efficacy of these nanomaterials were systematically investigated for metal ion sensing.Experimental evidence demonstrated that the Ag‑CDs exhibited a pronounced fluorescence quenching response toward ferric ions(Fe^(3+)),enabling their quantitative determination via a linear concentration‑dependent relationship.These Ag‑CDs exhibited significant inhibitory effects on biofilm growth and disruption for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Mechanism investigations indicate that Ag‑CDs induced the death of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by disrupting their bacterial morphology and structure,triggering the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),and impairing their antioxidant defense system.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs),a class of emerging fluorescent nanomaterials,have garnered notable attention in the biomedical field owing to their outstanding photoluminescence properties,excellent biocompatibility,and ease of syn...Carbon dots(CDs),a class of emerging fluorescent nanomaterials,have garnered notable attention in the biomedical field owing to their outstanding photoluminescence properties,excellent biocompatibility,and ease of synthesis and functionalization.Recently,numerous CDs have been developed that allow precise subcellular localization through surface modifications or covalent conjugation with targeting ligands such as peptides,small molecules,Golgi-specific agents,and cell membrane-specific agents.This review begins with an overview of the synthesis strategies of CDs,highlighting their exceptional optical properties,stability,biocompatibility,and significance for subcellular imaging.The mechanisms by which CDs target specific organelles,including the nucleus,mitochondrion,lysosomes,Golgi apparatus,and cell membrane,are discussed.These mechanisms include specific targeting molecules,pH-sensitive targeting,charge-driven interactions,and hydrophobic and hydrophilic dynamics.Furthermore,we summarize their applications in subcellular imaging,such as the long-term dynamic monitoring of organelles,sensing,reactive oxygen species scavenging,and therapy.By presenting a comprehensive review of CDs in subcellular imaging,we aim to pave the way for further development of CDs in bioimaging and related biomedical applications.展开更多
Photocatalytic fuel cells provide promising opportunities for sustainable wastewater treatment and energy conversion.However,their applications are challenged by the sluggish oxygen reducton reaction(ORR)kinetics at c...Photocatalytic fuel cells provide promising opportunities for sustainable wastewater treatment and energy conversion.However,their applications are challenged by the sluggish oxygen reducton reaction(ORR)kinetics at cathodes owning to the low O_(2) solubility and diffusion rate.Herein,we proposed a photobiocatalytic fuel cell(PBFC) with a novel hybrid biocathode based on artificially engineered algal cells coated by ZIF-8 confined carbon dots/bilirubin oxidase(ZIF-8/CDs/BOD@algae).Microalgae absorbed CO_(2) and provided O_(2) in situ for BOD catalysts.Due to effective absorption of O_(2) by imidazole and confinement of hydrophobic porous ZIF-8,oxygen diffusion has been accelerated in MOF/enzyme systems.Importantly,the introduction of CDs alleviated the poor conductivity of ZIF-8 and improved the electron transfer rate of BOD.Thus,the biocathode exhibited a high current density of 1767 μA/cm^(2),a 2.26-fold increase compared with that of CDs/BOD/algae biocathode.Also,it displayed enduring operational stability for up to 60 h since the firmly wrapped ZIF-8 shells could encapsulate proteins and protect algae from the external stimulation.When coupled with Mo:BiVO_(4) photoanodes,the PBFC exhibited a remarkable power output of 131.8 μW/cm^(2) using tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH) as a fuel and an increased degradation rate of TCH.Therefore,this work not only establishs an effective confinement strategy for enzyme to enrich oxygen,but also unveils new possibilities for modified microalgal cells aiding photoelectrocatalytic systems to recover energy from wastewater treatment.展开更多
Portable ratiometric fluorescent platforms have emerged as promising tools for multifarious detection,yet remain unexplored for point-of-care monitoring doxorubicin(DOX),one of clinically antineoplastic drugs.To this ...Portable ratiometric fluorescent platforms have emerged as promising tools for multifarious detection,yet remain unexplored for point-of-care monitoring doxorubicin(DOX),one of clinically antineoplastic drugs.To this end,we herein develop a portable self-calibrating platform namely carbon dots(C-dots)-embedded hydrogel sensors with a smartphone-assisted high-throughput imaging device,for DOX sensing.The prepared green-emitting(λ_(em)=508 nm)and negatively-charged C-dots(−11.40±1.21 mV),which have sufficient spectral overlap with the absorption band of DOX(∼500 nm),can strongly bind with positively-charged DOX molecules by electrostatic attraction effects.As a result,DOX molecules are selectively and rapid(20 s)determined with a detection limit of 10.26 nmol/L via Förster resonance energy transfer processes,demonstrating a remarkably chromatic shift from green to red.Further integrated with a 3D-printed smartphone-assisted device,the platform enabled high-throughput quantification,achieving recoveries of 96.40%-101.85%in human urine/serum(RSDs<2.94%,n=3).Notably,the dual linear detection ranges of the platform align with the reported clinical DOX concentrations in urine and plasma(0-4 h post-administration),validating their capability for direct quantification of DOX in clinical samples without special pre-treatment processes.By virtue of attractive analytical performances and robust feasibility,this platform bridges laboratory precision and point-of-care testing needs,offering promising potential for personalized chemotherapy and multiplexed analyte screening.展开更多
Flexible materials with perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)are widely used in the field of photonics and opto-electronics due to their unique properties.Development of new materials based on these nanoparticles,incorporated...Flexible materials with perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)are widely used in the field of photonics and opto-electronics due to their unique properties.Development of new materials based on these nanoparticles,incorporated into flexible and lightweight nonwoven fabrics,demonstrated high photoconductivity and efficient light energy conversion.In this work,we propose a method for creating a stable luminescent nonwoven material using electrospinning,in which inorganic salt precursors are used without the need for additional stabilizers.Equimolar solutions of cesium and lead(Ⅱ)bromide were mixed with a fluoroplast,resulting in a series of samples.Luminescent materials were obtained containing PQDs with a composition of CsPbBr_(3),with emission peaks ranging from 507 to 517 nm under 365-nm excitation.We have experimentally established and theoretically confirmed that the peak position is related to the size of the particles formed in the fiber during electrospinning and depends on processing time.Developed materials exhibited stable luminescent properties for up to 2.5 years,making them a promising candidate for the development of new flexible optoelectronic devices based on PQDs.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs),nanoscale carbon-based particles ubiquitously present in thermally processed foods such as toasted products,exhibit exceptional structural stability even after gastrointestinal digestion,a property th...Carbon dots(CDs),nanoscale carbon-based particles ubiquitously present in thermally processed foods such as toasted products,exhibit exceptional structural stability even after gastrointestinal digestion,a property that facilitates their systemic absorption and bioaccumulation.Their persistence in biological systems enables direct interactions with small bioactive molecules,potentially modulating the functional properties of dietary components.This study systematically evaluates the impact of CDs on the antioxidant efficacy of tea polyphenols(TPs),a class of natural antioxidants widely recognized for their health-promoting effects.The structure,antioxidant capacity,and in vitro cytological effects of the CDs-TPs complex were also investigated.Our results demonstrate that CDs and TPs form stable complexes mediated by non-covalent interactions,with hydrogen bonding identified as the dominant mechanism–specifically between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of TPs and fluorescent carbon-rich domains on CDs.These interactions induced a concentration-dependent enhancement in fluorescence intensity,with optimal binding efficiency observed at low CDs/TPs molar ratios(1:1 and 10:1).Structural analyses revealed that TP binding altered the tertiary conformation of CDs,exposing additional luminescent sites and modifying surface charge distribution.Transcriptomic profiling further demonstrated dose-dependent increases in differentially expressed genes under higher CDs/TPs ratios,which were predominantly enriched in oxidative stress response pathways.Mechanistic studies identified the FoxO signaling pathway as a central regulatory axis,with CDs-TPs complexes modulating the expression of antioxidant-related genes(e.g.,SOD2)and downstream effectors involved in redox homeostasis.These findings not only elucidate the structure-function interplay governing CDs-TPs interactions,but also highlight their dual role as modulators of antioxidant activity and potential therapeutic agents,establishing a foundation for developing CD-based composite materials in targeted antioxidant therapies.展开更多
As an important index to measure the degree of entanglement in quantum systems,concurrence plays an important role in practical research.In this paper,we study the concurrence between two qubits in triangular triple q...As an important index to measure the degree of entanglement in quantum systems,concurrence plays an important role in practical research.In this paper,we study the concurrence between two qubits in triangular triple quantum dot structure.Through calculation and simulation,it is found that concurrence is mainly affected by the interdot coupling strength t,Coulomb interactionU,temperature T,and electrode coupling G.Through comparative studies with parallel triple quantum dot structures,we demonstrate that the triangular geometry exhibits significantly enhanced concurrence under identical conditions.In addition,under the condition that concurrence exceeds 0.9,the functional relationship between t and U is obtained through simulation,which provides theoretical support for quantum dot regulation under high entanglement.Finally,we demonstrate the feasibility of implementing a three-qubit quantum gate,using the Toffoli gate as a representative example,under the condition that the triangular triple quantum dot system maintains high entanglement.展开更多
Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are highly regarded for their outstanding photovoltaic characteristics,including excellent color purity,stability,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),narrow emission spectra,and ease...Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are highly regarded for their outstanding photovoltaic characteristics,including excellent color purity,stability,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),narrow emission spectra,and ease of solution processing.Despite significant progress in quantum dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)technology since its inception in 1994,blue QLEDs still fall short in efficiency and lifespan compared to red and green versions.The toxicity concerns associated with Cd/Pb-based quantum dots(QDs)have spurred the development of heavy-metal-free alternatives,such as groupⅡ−Ⅵ(e.g.,ZnSe-based QDs),groupⅢ−Ⅴ(e.g.,InP,GaN QDs),and carbon dots(CDs).In this review,we discuss the key properties and development history of quantum dots(QDs),various synthesis approaches,the role of surface ligands,and important considerations in developing core/shell(C/S)structured QDs.Additionally,we provide an outlook on the challenges and future directions for blue QLEDs.展开更多
In present work,blue carbon dots(b-CDs)were derived from ammonium citrate and guanidine hydrochloride,and red carbon dots(r-CDs)were stemmed from malonate,ethylenediamine and meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphin based o...In present work,blue carbon dots(b-CDs)were derived from ammonium citrate and guanidine hydrochloride,and red carbon dots(r-CDs)were stemmed from malonate,ethylenediamine and meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphin based on facile hydrothermal method.Eco-friendly ratiometric fluorescence probe was innovatively constructed to effectively measure Hg2+utilizing b-CDs and r-CDs.The developed probe displayed two typical emission peaks at 450 nm from b-CDs and 650 nm from r-CDs under the excitation at 360 nm.Mercury ion has strong quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity at 450 nm due to the electron transfer process and the fluorescence change at 450 nm was used as the response signal,whereas the fluorescence intensity at 650 nm kept unchangeable which resulted from the chemical inertness between Hg^(2+)and r-CDs,serving as the reference signal in the sensing system.Under optimal circumstances,this probe exhibited an excellent linearity between the fluorescence response values of F450/F650 and Hg^(2+)concentrations over range of 0.01-10μmol/L,and the limit of detectionwas down to 5.3 nmol/L.Furthermore,this probe was successfully employed for sensing Hg^(2+)in practical environmental water samples with satisfied recoveries of 98.5%-105.0%.The constructed ratiometric fluorescent probe provided a rapid,environmental-friendly,reliable,and efficient platform for measuring trace Hg^(2+)in environmental field.展开更多
With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ...With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.展开更多
Quantum dots(QDs)can modulate the solar spectrum through the down-conversion mechanism to better match the spectral response of solar cells.Following previous work,this paper first tested the response of QD solar cell...Quantum dots(QDs)can modulate the solar spectrum through the down-conversion mechanism to better match the spectral response of solar cells.Following previous work,this paper first tested the response of QD solar cells to specific monochromatic light,and found that QDs can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)in the ultraviolet(UV)band by comparison.Then the photoelectric properties of the QD solar cells are tested under the air-mass 1.5(AM1.5)and air-mass 0(AM0)spectra.The experimental results show that because the absorption band of QDs is in the UV region,the space solar cells in the AM0 spectrum can obtain better PCE after coating QDs.The research results show the technical route of space solar cells with down-conversion mechanism,and put forward an important direction for the application of space solar photovoltaic(PV)technology,and have a good application prospect.展开更多
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is a highly successful conductive polymer utilized as an electrode material in energy storage units for portable and wearable electronic de-vices.Neve...Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is a highly successful conductive polymer utilized as an electrode material in energy storage units for portable and wearable electronic de-vices.Nevertheless,employing PEDOT:PSS in supercapacitors(SC)in its pristine state presents challenges due to its suboptimal electrochemical performance and operational instability.To surmount these limita-tions,PEDOT:PSS has been integrated with carbon-based materials to form flexible electrodes,which ex-hibit physical and chemical stability during SC operation.We developed a streamlined fabrication process for high-performance SC electrodes composed of PEDOT:PSS and carbon quantum dots(CQDs).The CQDs were synthesized under microwave irradiation,yielding green-and red-light emissions.Through optimiz-ing the ratios of CQDs to PEDOT:PSS,the SC electrodes were prepared using a spray-coating technique,marking a significant improvement in device performance with a high volumetric capacitance(104.10 F cm-3),impressive energy density(19.68 Wh cm^(-3)),and excellent cyclic stability,retaining~85% of its original volumetric capacitance after 15,000 repeated GCD cycles.Moreover,the SCs,when utilized as a flexible substrate,demonstrated the ability to maintain up to~85% of their electrochemical performance even after 3,000 bending cycles(at a bending angle of 60°).These attributes render this hybrid composite an ideal candidate for a lightweight smart energy storage component in portable and wearable electronic technologies.展开更多
Aqueous zinc ion batteries have received widespread attention.However,the growth of zinc dendrites and hydrogen evolution reaction generation seriously hinder the practical application of zinc ion bat-teries.Herein,it...Aqueous zinc ion batteries have received widespread attention.However,the growth of zinc dendrites and hydrogen evolution reaction generation seriously hinder the practical application of zinc ion bat-teries.Herein,it is reported that a multifunctional dendrites-free low-temperature PVA-based gel elec-trolyte by introducing negatively charged polymer carbon quantum dots(QDs)and the organic antifreeze dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)into it.The QDs carrying a large number of functional groups on the surface can effectively adsorb Zn^(2+),eliminating the“tip effect”,and inducing the uniform deposition of Zn^(2+)and the formation of a dendrites-free structure.Meanwhile,the solvation structure of adsorbed Zn^(2+)can be controlled by charged groups to reduce the generation of side reactions,thus obtaining high-performance zinc ion batteries.The Zn/polyaniline(PANi)full battery can be stably cycled more than 1000 times at-20℃,and the design of this gel electrolyte can provide good feasibility for safe,stable,and flexible energy storage devices.展开更多
Urbanization and industrialization have escalated water pollution,threatening ecosystems and human health.Water pollution not only degrades water quality but also poses long-term risks to human health through the food...Urbanization and industrialization have escalated water pollution,threatening ecosystems and human health.Water pollution not only degrades water quality but also poses long-term risks to human health through the food chain.The development of efficient wastewater detection and treatment methods is essential for mitigating this environmental hazard.Carbon dots(CDs),as emerging carbon-based nanomaterials,exhibit properties such as biocompatibility,photoluminescence(PL),water solubility,and strong adsorption,positioning them as promising candidates for environmental monitoring and management.Particularly in wastewater treatment,their optical and electron transfer properties make them ideal for pollutant detection and removal.Despite their potential,comprehensive reviews on CDs'role in wastewater treatment are scarce,often lacking detailed insights into their synthesis,PL mechanisms,and practical applications.This review systematically addresses the synthesis,PL mechanisms,and wastewater treatment applications of CDs,aiming to bridge existing research gaps.It begins with an overview of CDs structure and classification,essential for grasping their properties and uses.The paper then explores the pivotal PL mechanisms of CDs,crucial for their sensing capabilities.Next,comprehensive synthesis strategies are presented,encompassing both top-down and bottom-up strategies such as arc discharge,chemical oxidation,and hydrothermal/solvothermal synthesis.The diversity of these methods highlights the potential for tailored CDs production to suit specific environmental applications.Furthermore,the review systematically discusses the applications of CDs in wastewater treatment,including sensing,inorganic removal,and organic degradation.Finally,it delves into the research prospects and challenges of CDs,proposing future directions to enhance their role in wastewater treatment.展开更多
Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with broad applications in drug delivery,bioimaging,solar cells,and photocatalysis due to their unique biocompatibility,optical properties and easy funct...Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with broad applications in drug delivery,bioimaging,solar cells,and photocatalysis due to their unique biocompatibility,optical properties and easy functionalization.In the meantime,because of its high carbon content,renewable nature,and environmental friendliness,lignin has drawn the attention of researchers as a desirable raw material for creating carbon quantum dots.Here we review the synthesis of carbon quantum dots from lignin,focusing on synthetic methods,properties,and applications in energy,and photocatalysis.Later,we propose some new development prospects from preparation methods,luminescence mechanism research,application,and commercial cost of lignin carbon quantum dots.Finally,based on this,the development prospects of this field are prospected and summarized.展开更多
Quantum dots(QDs),a type of nanoscale semiconductor material with unique optical and electrical properties like adjustable emission and high photoluminescence quantum yields,are suitable for applications in optoelectr...Quantum dots(QDs),a type of nanoscale semiconductor material with unique optical and electrical properties like adjustable emission and high photoluminescence quantum yields,are suitable for applications in optoelectronics.However,QDs are typically degraded under humid and high-temperature circumstances,greatly limiting their practical value.Coating the QD surface with an inorganic silica layer is a feasible method for improving stability and endurance in a variety of applications.This paper comprehensively reviews silica coating methodologies on QD surfaces and explores their applications in optoelectronic domains.Firstly,the paper provides mainstream silica coating approaches,which can be divided into two categories:in-situ hydrolysis of silylating reagents on QD surfaces and template techniques for encapsulation QDs.Subsequently,the recent applications of the silica-coated QDs on optoelectronic fields including light-emitting diodes,solar cells,photodetectors were discussed.Finally,it reviews recent advances in silica-coated QD technology and prospects for future applications.展开更多
To achieve the target of carbon neutrality,it is crucial to develop an efficient and green synthesis methodology with good atomic economy to achieve sufficient utilization of energy and sustainable development.Photoin...To achieve the target of carbon neutrality,it is crucial to develop an efficient and green synthesis methodology with good atomic economy to achieve sufficient utilization of energy and sustainable development.Photoinduced electron transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer(PET-RAFT)polymerization is a precise methodology for constructing polymers with well-defined structures.However,conventional semiconductor-mediated PET-RAFT polymerization still has considerable limitations in terms of efficiency as well as the polymerization environment.Herein,sulfur-doped carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)were hydrothermally synthesized for catalysis of aqueous PET-RAFT polymerization at unprecedented efficiency with a highest propagation rate of 5.05 h-1.The resulting polymers have well-controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight dispersion(Ð<1.10).Based on the optoelectronic characterizations,we obtained insights into the photoinduced electron transfer process and proposed the mechanism for CPD-mediated PET-RAFT polymerization.In addition,as-synthesized CPDs for PET-RAFT polymerization were also demonstrated to be suitable for a wide range of light sources(blue/green/solar irradiation),numerous monomers,low catalyst loading(low as 0.01 mg mL^(-1)),and multiple polar solvent environments,all of which allowed to achieve efficiencies much higher than those of existing semiconductor-mediated methods.Finally,the CPDs were confirmed to be non-cytotoxic and catalyzed PET-RAFT polymerization successfully in cell culture media,indicating broad prospects in biomedical fields.展开更多
In this work,iron-doped carbon dots(Fe-CDs)with strong peroxidase-mimicking activity were synthesized for tumor-specific therapy.Their intrinsic red fluorescence enabled high-contrast cellular imaging,revealing prefer...In this work,iron-doped carbon dots(Fe-CDs)with strong peroxidase-mimicking activity were synthesized for tumor-specific therapy.Their intrinsic red fluorescence enabled high-contrast cellular imaging,revealing preferen⁃tial mitochondrial accumulation.In the acidic and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))-rich tumor microenvironment,Fe-CDs catalyzed hydroxyl radical(·OH)generation,inducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation,ultimately triggering ferroptosis.In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated potent tumor inhibition.Furthermore,Fe-CDs exhibited excel⁃lent biocompatibility with no significant systemic toxicity.By integrating fluorescence imaging and catalytic therapy,this study presents a promising nanoplatform for tumor treatment and ferroptosis research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12494604,12393834,12393831,62274014,6223501662335015)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2024YFA1208900)。
文摘The development of quantum materials for single-photon emission is crucial for the advancement of quantum information technology.Although significant advancements have been witnessed in recent years for single-photon sources in the near-infrared band(λ∼700–1000 nm),several challenges have yet to be addressed for ideal single-photon emission at the telecommunication band.In this study,we present a droplet-epitaxy strategy for O-band to C-band single-photon source-based semiconductor quantum dots(QDs)using metal-organic vaporphase epitaxy(MOVPE).By investigating the growth conditions of the epitaxial process,we have successfully synthesized InAs/InP QDs with narrow emission lines spanning a broad spectral range of λ∼1200–1600 nm.The morphological and optical properties of the samples were characterized using atomic force microscopy and microphotoluminescence spectroscopy.The recorded single-photon purity of a plain QD structure reaches g^((2))(0)=0.16,with a radiative recombination lifetime as short as 1.5 ns.This work provides a crucial platform for future research on integrated microcavity enhancement techniques and coupled QDs with other quantum photonics in the telecom bands,offering significant prospects for quantum network applications.
文摘Herein,antibacterial silver‑doped fluorescent carbon dots(Ag‑CDs)were synthesized through a stepwise hydrothermal method,with polyethyleneimine(PEI),citric acid(CA),and silver nitrate(AgNO3)serving as precursors.The applicability and antimicrobial efficacy of these nanomaterials were systematically investigated for metal ion sensing.Experimental evidence demonstrated that the Ag‑CDs exhibited a pronounced fluorescence quenching response toward ferric ions(Fe^(3+)),enabling their quantitative determination via a linear concentration‑dependent relationship.These Ag‑CDs exhibited significant inhibitory effects on biofilm growth and disruption for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Mechanism investigations indicate that Ag‑CDs induced the death of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by disrupting their bacterial morphology and structure,triggering the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),and impairing their antioxidant defense system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A2079,22272003,22301013)the Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KZ20231000506)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3810800)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025M770117,GZC20250088)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs),as emerging zero-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials,demonstrate immense potential across optical displays,bioimaging,chemical sensing,information anti-counterfeiting,and optoelectronic devices.This promise stems from their exceptional tunable photoluminescence,low toxicity,biocompatibility,and abundant raw material sources.Since their discovery,research has centered on resolving controversies regarding classification,formation mechanism,microstructure,and luminescence principles while achieving controllable optoelectronic properties.Applications have evolved from basic fluorescent labeling to advanced domains including multimodal theranostics,high-sensitivity(bio/chemical)sensing,stable optoelectronic devices,intelligent anticounterfeiting systems,and environmental/energy catalysis.Future challenges demand breakthroughs in structural homogeneity/scalable eco-fabrication,universal structure-opto/electronic-property models,stability/efficiency in complex environments,and multifunctional synergy(e.g.,photo-electro-catalysis).This comprehensive review systematically examines milestone advances in CDs research over the past decade—spanning synthesis methodologies,photo/electronic property modulation mechanisms,and innovative applications—while dissecting key challenges and envisioning future pathways as versatile intelligent nanoplatforms.
基金support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24A2079).
文摘Carbon dots(CDs),a class of emerging fluorescent nanomaterials,have garnered notable attention in the biomedical field owing to their outstanding photoluminescence properties,excellent biocompatibility,and ease of synthesis and functionalization.Recently,numerous CDs have been developed that allow precise subcellular localization through surface modifications or covalent conjugation with targeting ligands such as peptides,small molecules,Golgi-specific agents,and cell membrane-specific agents.This review begins with an overview of the synthesis strategies of CDs,highlighting their exceptional optical properties,stability,biocompatibility,and significance for subcellular imaging.The mechanisms by which CDs target specific organelles,including the nucleus,mitochondrion,lysosomes,Golgi apparatus,and cell membrane,are discussed.These mechanisms include specific targeting molecules,pH-sensitive targeting,charge-driven interactions,and hydrophobic and hydrophilic dynamics.Furthermore,we summarize their applications in subcellular imaging,such as the long-term dynamic monitoring of organelles,sensing,reactive oxygen species scavenging,and therapy.By presenting a comprehensive review of CDs in subcellular imaging,we aim to pave the way for further development of CDs in bioimaging and related biomedical applications.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22176086,52100014)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20210189)+7 种基金State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos.021114380183,021114380189,021114380199)the Research Funds from Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling of Nanjing UniversityResearch Funds for Jiangsu Distinguished ProfessorCarbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Technological Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BE2022861)the Central Universities - Cemac “Geo X” Interdisciplinary Program (No.021114380217)Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling of Nanjing University (No.2024QNXZ07)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (No.GZC20231105)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent (No.2023ZB226)。
文摘Photocatalytic fuel cells provide promising opportunities for sustainable wastewater treatment and energy conversion.However,their applications are challenged by the sluggish oxygen reducton reaction(ORR)kinetics at cathodes owning to the low O_(2) solubility and diffusion rate.Herein,we proposed a photobiocatalytic fuel cell(PBFC) with a novel hybrid biocathode based on artificially engineered algal cells coated by ZIF-8 confined carbon dots/bilirubin oxidase(ZIF-8/CDs/BOD@algae).Microalgae absorbed CO_(2) and provided O_(2) in situ for BOD catalysts.Due to effective absorption of O_(2) by imidazole and confinement of hydrophobic porous ZIF-8,oxygen diffusion has been accelerated in MOF/enzyme systems.Importantly,the introduction of CDs alleviated the poor conductivity of ZIF-8 and improved the electron transfer rate of BOD.Thus,the biocathode exhibited a high current density of 1767 μA/cm^(2),a 2.26-fold increase compared with that of CDs/BOD/algae biocathode.Also,it displayed enduring operational stability for up to 60 h since the firmly wrapped ZIF-8 shells could encapsulate proteins and protect algae from the external stimulation.When coupled with Mo:BiVO_(4) photoanodes,the PBFC exhibited a remarkable power output of 131.8 μW/cm^(2) using tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH) as a fuel and an increased degradation rate of TCH.Therefore,this work not only establishs an effective confinement strategy for enzyme to enrich oxygen,but also unveils new possibilities for modified microalgal cells aiding photoelectrocatalytic systems to recover energy from wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(No.22274001)the Key Project of Natural Science Research of the Education Department of Anhui Province(No.2022AH051032)the Excellent Research and Innovation Team of Universities in Anhui Province(No.2024AH010016).
文摘Portable ratiometric fluorescent platforms have emerged as promising tools for multifarious detection,yet remain unexplored for point-of-care monitoring doxorubicin(DOX),one of clinically antineoplastic drugs.To this end,we herein develop a portable self-calibrating platform namely carbon dots(C-dots)-embedded hydrogel sensors with a smartphone-assisted high-throughput imaging device,for DOX sensing.The prepared green-emitting(λ_(em)=508 nm)and negatively-charged C-dots(−11.40±1.21 mV),which have sufficient spectral overlap with the absorption band of DOX(∼500 nm),can strongly bind with positively-charged DOX molecules by electrostatic attraction effects.As a result,DOX molecules are selectively and rapid(20 s)determined with a detection limit of 10.26 nmol/L via Förster resonance energy transfer processes,demonstrating a remarkably chromatic shift from green to red.Further integrated with a 3D-printed smartphone-assisted device,the platform enabled high-throughput quantification,achieving recoveries of 96.40%-101.85%in human urine/serum(RSDs<2.94%,n=3).Notably,the dual linear detection ranges of the platform align with the reported clinical DOX concentrations in urine and plasma(0-4 h post-administration),validating their capability for direct quantification of DOX in clinical samples without special pre-treatment processes.By virtue of attractive analytical performances and robust feasibility,this platform bridges laboratory precision and point-of-care testing needs,offering promising potential for personalized chemotherapy and multiplexed analyte screening.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant number 24-23-00481,https://rscf.ru/project/24-2300481/.
文摘Flexible materials with perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)are widely used in the field of photonics and opto-electronics due to their unique properties.Development of new materials based on these nanoparticles,incorporated into flexible and lightweight nonwoven fabrics,demonstrated high photoconductivity and efficient light energy conversion.In this work,we propose a method for creating a stable luminescent nonwoven material using electrospinning,in which inorganic salt precursors are used without the need for additional stabilizers.Equimolar solutions of cesium and lead(Ⅱ)bromide were mixed with a fluoroplast,resulting in a series of samples.Luminescent materials were obtained containing PQDs with a composition of CsPbBr_(3),with emission peaks ranging from 507 to 517 nm under 365-nm excitation.We have experimentally established and theoretically confirmed that the peak position is related to the size of the particles formed in the fiber during electrospinning and depends on processing time.Developed materials exhibited stable luminescent properties for up to 2.5 years,making them a promising candidate for the development of new flexible optoelectronic devices based on PQDs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024 YFD2401602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32302209)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ24C200001)the Young Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents of Ningbo City(No.2023QL038)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(No.2023J104)the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education General Project(Nos.Y202248913,Y202248913)the General Project of Education Department of Zhejiang Province(No.Y202353405)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs),nanoscale carbon-based particles ubiquitously present in thermally processed foods such as toasted products,exhibit exceptional structural stability even after gastrointestinal digestion,a property that facilitates their systemic absorption and bioaccumulation.Their persistence in biological systems enables direct interactions with small bioactive molecules,potentially modulating the functional properties of dietary components.This study systematically evaluates the impact of CDs on the antioxidant efficacy of tea polyphenols(TPs),a class of natural antioxidants widely recognized for their health-promoting effects.The structure,antioxidant capacity,and in vitro cytological effects of the CDs-TPs complex were also investigated.Our results demonstrate that CDs and TPs form stable complexes mediated by non-covalent interactions,with hydrogen bonding identified as the dominant mechanism–specifically between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of TPs and fluorescent carbon-rich domains on CDs.These interactions induced a concentration-dependent enhancement in fluorescence intensity,with optimal binding efficiency observed at low CDs/TPs molar ratios(1:1 and 10:1).Structural analyses revealed that TP binding altered the tertiary conformation of CDs,exposing additional luminescent sites and modifying surface charge distribution.Transcriptomic profiling further demonstrated dose-dependent increases in differentially expressed genes under higher CDs/TPs ratios,which were predominantly enriched in oxidative stress response pathways.Mechanistic studies identified the FoxO signaling pathway as a central regulatory axis,with CDs-TPs complexes modulating the expression of antioxidant-related genes(e.g.,SOD2)and downstream effectors involved in redox homeostasis.These findings not only elucidate the structure-function interplay governing CDs-TPs interactions,but also highlight their dual role as modulators of antioxidant activity and potential therapeutic agents,establishing a foundation for developing CD-based composite materials in targeted antioxidant therapies.
文摘As an important index to measure the degree of entanglement in quantum systems,concurrence plays an important role in practical research.In this paper,we study the concurrence between two qubits in triangular triple quantum dot structure.Through calculation and simulation,it is found that concurrence is mainly affected by the interdot coupling strength t,Coulomb interactionU,temperature T,and electrode coupling G.Through comparative studies with parallel triple quantum dot structures,we demonstrate that the triangular geometry exhibits significantly enhanced concurrence under identical conditions.In addition,under the condition that concurrence exceeds 0.9,the functional relationship between t and U is obtained through simulation,which provides theoretical support for quantum dot regulation under high entanglement.Finally,we demonstrate the feasibility of implementing a three-qubit quantum gate,using the Toffoli gate as a representative example,under the condition that the triangular triple quantum dot system maintains high entanglement.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0103600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62474119,62205230,and 62175171)Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano&Soft Materials,Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology,the 111 Project,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices.
文摘Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are highly regarded for their outstanding photovoltaic characteristics,including excellent color purity,stability,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),narrow emission spectra,and ease of solution processing.Despite significant progress in quantum dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)technology since its inception in 1994,blue QLEDs still fall short in efficiency and lifespan compared to red and green versions.The toxicity concerns associated with Cd/Pb-based quantum dots(QDs)have spurred the development of heavy-metal-free alternatives,such as groupⅡ−Ⅵ(e.g.,ZnSe-based QDs),groupⅢ−Ⅴ(e.g.,InP,GaN QDs),and carbon dots(CDs).In this review,we discuss the key properties and development history of quantum dots(QDs),various synthesis approaches,the role of surface ligands,and important considerations in developing core/shell(C/S)structured QDs.Additionally,we provide an outlook on the challenges and future directions for blue QLEDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22106039,21976211,and 42007204)the Science Foundation of Henan Normal University (No.2021PL23)+1 种基金the Excellent Science and Technology Innovation Team of Henan Normal University (No.2021TD06)the Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in the University of Henan Province (No.20IRTSTHN011).
文摘In present work,blue carbon dots(b-CDs)were derived from ammonium citrate and guanidine hydrochloride,and red carbon dots(r-CDs)were stemmed from malonate,ethylenediamine and meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphin based on facile hydrothermal method.Eco-friendly ratiometric fluorescence probe was innovatively constructed to effectively measure Hg2+utilizing b-CDs and r-CDs.The developed probe displayed two typical emission peaks at 450 nm from b-CDs and 650 nm from r-CDs under the excitation at 360 nm.Mercury ion has strong quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity at 450 nm due to the electron transfer process and the fluorescence change at 450 nm was used as the response signal,whereas the fluorescence intensity at 650 nm kept unchangeable which resulted from the chemical inertness between Hg^(2+)and r-CDs,serving as the reference signal in the sensing system.Under optimal circumstances,this probe exhibited an excellent linearity between the fluorescence response values of F450/F650 and Hg^(2+)concentrations over range of 0.01-10μmol/L,and the limit of detectionwas down to 5.3 nmol/L.Furthermore,this probe was successfully employed for sensing Hg^(2+)in practical environmental water samples with satisfied recoveries of 98.5%-105.0%.The constructed ratiometric fluorescent probe provided a rapid,environmental-friendly,reliable,and efficient platform for measuring trace Hg^(2+)in environmental field.
基金financial support from the Doctoral Foundation of Henan University of Engineering(No.D2022025)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2004162)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302138)Key Project for Science and Technology Development of Henan Province(No.232102320221)。
文摘With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.
基金supported by the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(No.2022KJ133).
文摘Quantum dots(QDs)can modulate the solar spectrum through the down-conversion mechanism to better match the spectral response of solar cells.Following previous work,this paper first tested the response of QD solar cells to specific monochromatic light,and found that QDs can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)in the ultraviolet(UV)band by comparison.Then the photoelectric properties of the QD solar cells are tested under the air-mass 1.5(AM1.5)and air-mass 0(AM0)spectra.The experimental results show that because the absorption band of QDs is in the UV region,the space solar cells in the AM0 spectrum can obtain better PCE after coating QDs.The research results show the technical route of space solar cells with down-conversion mechanism,and put forward an important direction for the application of space solar photovoltaic(PV)technology,and have a good application prospect.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)through a grant provided by the Korean government(No.NRF-2021R1F1A1063451).
文摘Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is a highly successful conductive polymer utilized as an electrode material in energy storage units for portable and wearable electronic de-vices.Nevertheless,employing PEDOT:PSS in supercapacitors(SC)in its pristine state presents challenges due to its suboptimal electrochemical performance and operational instability.To surmount these limita-tions,PEDOT:PSS has been integrated with carbon-based materials to form flexible electrodes,which ex-hibit physical and chemical stability during SC operation.We developed a streamlined fabrication process for high-performance SC electrodes composed of PEDOT:PSS and carbon quantum dots(CQDs).The CQDs were synthesized under microwave irradiation,yielding green-and red-light emissions.Through optimiz-ing the ratios of CQDs to PEDOT:PSS,the SC electrodes were prepared using a spray-coating technique,marking a significant improvement in device performance with a high volumetric capacitance(104.10 F cm-3),impressive energy density(19.68 Wh cm^(-3)),and excellent cyclic stability,retaining~85% of its original volumetric capacitance after 15,000 repeated GCD cycles.Moreover,the SCs,when utilized as a flexible substrate,demonstrated the ability to maintain up to~85% of their electrochemical performance even after 3,000 bending cycles(at a bending angle of 60°).These attributes render this hybrid composite an ideal candidate for a lightweight smart energy storage component in portable and wearable electronic technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project(No.52163001)the Guizhou Minzu University Research Platform Grant(No.GZMUGCZX[2021]01)+2 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Program Project Grant(Qiankehe Platform Talents-CXTD[2021]005,Qiankehe Platform Talents-GCC[2022]010-1,Qiankehe Fuqi[2023]001)the Central Guided Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project(Qiankehe Zhong Yindi[2023]035)the Doctor Startup Fund of Guizhou Minzu University(Grant No.GZMUZK[2024]QD77).
文摘Aqueous zinc ion batteries have received widespread attention.However,the growth of zinc dendrites and hydrogen evolution reaction generation seriously hinder the practical application of zinc ion bat-teries.Herein,it is reported that a multifunctional dendrites-free low-temperature PVA-based gel elec-trolyte by introducing negatively charged polymer carbon quantum dots(QDs)and the organic antifreeze dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)into it.The QDs carrying a large number of functional groups on the surface can effectively adsorb Zn^(2+),eliminating the“tip effect”,and inducing the uniform deposition of Zn^(2+)and the formation of a dendrites-free structure.Meanwhile,the solvation structure of adsorbed Zn^(2+)can be controlled by charged groups to reduce the generation of side reactions,thus obtaining high-performance zinc ion batteries.The Zn/polyaniline(PANi)full battery can be stably cycled more than 1000 times at-20℃,and the design of this gel electrolyte can provide good feasibility for safe,stable,and flexible energy storage devices.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2022208046)National Science Foundation of China(No.52004080)+2 种基金Key project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20130)Key research and development project of Hebei Province(No.22373704D)2023 Central Government Guide Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(No.236Z1812 G)。
文摘Urbanization and industrialization have escalated water pollution,threatening ecosystems and human health.Water pollution not only degrades water quality but also poses long-term risks to human health through the food chain.The development of efficient wastewater detection and treatment methods is essential for mitigating this environmental hazard.Carbon dots(CDs),as emerging carbon-based nanomaterials,exhibit properties such as biocompatibility,photoluminescence(PL),water solubility,and strong adsorption,positioning them as promising candidates for environmental monitoring and management.Particularly in wastewater treatment,their optical and electron transfer properties make them ideal for pollutant detection and removal.Despite their potential,comprehensive reviews on CDs'role in wastewater treatment are scarce,often lacking detailed insights into their synthesis,PL mechanisms,and practical applications.This review systematically addresses the synthesis,PL mechanisms,and wastewater treatment applications of CDs,aiming to bridge existing research gaps.It begins with an overview of CDs structure and classification,essential for grasping their properties and uses.The paper then explores the pivotal PL mechanisms of CDs,crucial for their sensing capabilities.Next,comprehensive synthesis strategies are presented,encompassing both top-down and bottom-up strategies such as arc discharge,chemical oxidation,and hydrothermal/solvothermal synthesis.The diversity of these methods highlights the potential for tailored CDs production to suit specific environmental applications.Furthermore,the review systematically discusses the applications of CDs in wastewater treatment,including sensing,inorganic removal,and organic degradation.Finally,it delves into the research prospects and challenges of CDs,proposing future directions to enhance their role in wastewater treatment.
基金Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001)University-Industry Collaborative Education Program(220901115200913,220901115201954)+2 种基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2022JJ40007)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(22)3047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201491)。
文摘Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with broad applications in drug delivery,bioimaging,solar cells,and photocatalysis due to their unique biocompatibility,optical properties and easy functionalization.In the meantime,because of its high carbon content,renewable nature,and environmental friendliness,lignin has drawn the attention of researchers as a desirable raw material for creating carbon quantum dots.Here we review the synthesis of carbon quantum dots from lignin,focusing on synthetic methods,properties,and applications in energy,and photocatalysis.Later,we propose some new development prospects from preparation methods,luminescence mechanism research,application,and commercial cost of lignin carbon quantum dots.Finally,based on this,the development prospects of this field are prospected and summarized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62374142 and 22005255)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.20720220085 and 20720240064)+2 种基金External Cooperation Program of Fujian(No.2022I0004)Major Science and Technology Project of Xiamen in China(No.3502Z20191015)Xiamen Natural Science Foundation Youth Project(No.3502Z202471002)。
文摘Quantum dots(QDs),a type of nanoscale semiconductor material with unique optical and electrical properties like adjustable emission and high photoluminescence quantum yields,are suitable for applications in optoelectronics.However,QDs are typically degraded under humid and high-temperature circumstances,greatly limiting their practical value.Coating the QD surface with an inorganic silica layer is a feasible method for improving stability and endurance in a variety of applications.This paper comprehensively reviews silica coating methodologies on QD surfaces and explores their applications in optoelectronic domains.Firstly,the paper provides mainstream silica coating approaches,which can be divided into two categories:in-situ hydrolysis of silylating reagents on QD surfaces and template techniques for encapsulation QDs.Subsequently,the recent applications of the silica-coated QDs on optoelectronic fields including light-emitting diodes,solar cells,photodetectors were discussed.Finally,it reviews recent advances in silica-coated QD technology and prospects for future applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant No.22035001 and No.52233005.
文摘To achieve the target of carbon neutrality,it is crucial to develop an efficient and green synthesis methodology with good atomic economy to achieve sufficient utilization of energy and sustainable development.Photoinduced electron transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer(PET-RAFT)polymerization is a precise methodology for constructing polymers with well-defined structures.However,conventional semiconductor-mediated PET-RAFT polymerization still has considerable limitations in terms of efficiency as well as the polymerization environment.Herein,sulfur-doped carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)were hydrothermally synthesized for catalysis of aqueous PET-RAFT polymerization at unprecedented efficiency with a highest propagation rate of 5.05 h-1.The resulting polymers have well-controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight dispersion(Ð<1.10).Based on the optoelectronic characterizations,we obtained insights into the photoinduced electron transfer process and proposed the mechanism for CPD-mediated PET-RAFT polymerization.In addition,as-synthesized CPDs for PET-RAFT polymerization were also demonstrated to be suitable for a wide range of light sources(blue/green/solar irradiation),numerous monomers,low catalyst loading(low as 0.01 mg mL^(-1)),and multiple polar solvent environments,all of which allowed to achieve efficiencies much higher than those of existing semiconductor-mediated methods.Finally,the CPDs were confirmed to be non-cytotoxic and catalyzed PET-RAFT polymerization successfully in cell culture media,indicating broad prospects in biomedical fields.
文摘In this work,iron-doped carbon dots(Fe-CDs)with strong peroxidase-mimicking activity were synthesized for tumor-specific therapy.Their intrinsic red fluorescence enabled high-contrast cellular imaging,revealing preferen⁃tial mitochondrial accumulation.In the acidic and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))-rich tumor microenvironment,Fe-CDs catalyzed hydroxyl radical(·OH)generation,inducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation,ultimately triggering ferroptosis.In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated potent tumor inhibition.Furthermore,Fe-CDs exhibited excel⁃lent biocompatibility with no significant systemic toxicity.By integrating fluorescence imaging and catalytic therapy,this study presents a promising nanoplatform for tumor treatment and ferroptosis research.
