Living in the dormitory is usually the requirement for university students who live far from the university. The medical disorder occurring at night among the university students is rarely reported. The acute problem ...Living in the dormitory is usually the requirement for university students who live far from the university. The medical disorder occurring at night among the university students is rarely reported. The acute problem due to accident is a topic of interest. Here, the authors summarize on pattern of accident at night of university students in a dormitory.展开更多
At present,a large number of historic buildings on campus are lack of energy-saving measures from the design time,especially the dormitories. And the reconstruction mostly focuses on functional reorganization or furni...At present,a large number of historic buildings on campus are lack of energy-saving measures from the design time,especially the dormitories. And the reconstruction mostly focuses on functional reorganization or furniture replacement. However,energy efficiency design has not been paid enough attention,which leads to the high building energy consumption and the harsh physical environment. Based on the analysis of climatic characteristics of Chongqing area,taking Dormitory Six on campus B of Chongqing University as an example,the reconstruction of rooms on the top floor and West end are focused to guarantee the equal benefits of the dormitory environment. Through the simulation analysis of the software, on the basis of energy saving reconstruction of common maintenance structure,this thesis discusses the energy saving reconstruction methods and strategies of the existing campus dormitories,which are more suitable for the existing campus dormitories in Chongqing area.展开更多
College students’energy-saving behaviors in dormitory buildings are crucial for reducing energy consumption on university campuses.An information framework aimed at normalization can do well in motivating individuals...College students’energy-saving behaviors in dormitory buildings are crucial for reducing energy consumption on university campuses.An information framework aimed at normalization can do well in motivating individuals’energy-saving behaviors.To assess the effectiveness of normative information intervention strategies in motivating college students to save energy,this study innovatively adopts a new method combining traditional influence path analysis and field experiment,which makes up for the shortcomings of the traditional single questionnaire survey method.First,this study introduced“normative information”and“personal norms”into the theory of planned behavior(TPB).The aim was to explore the mechanisms by which the provision of normative information affects college students’energy-saving intentions through a questionnaire(352 questionnaires).Then,on this basis,a field experiment was conducted in 70 university dormitories with 313 students to further assess the effectiveness of four normative information intervention strategies in promoting energy-saving behaviors.The study results showed:1)Attitude,perceived behavioral control,subjective norms,and personal norms were significantly correlated with energy-saving intentions.2)Positive normative feedback and low-intensity normative feedback had significant positive effects on personal norms,which fully mediated the relationships between positive/low-intensity normative feedback and energy-saving intentions.3)Positive low-intensity normative information achieved the best energy-saving effect(with an energy-saving ratio of 29.18%),followed by positive high-intensity normative information(24.97%)and negative low-intensity normative information(24.38%).The results can provide reference for reducing dormitory energy consumption.展开更多
As one of the most common social relationships among college students,the dormitory interpersonal relationship has important effects on students'psychology and behavior.For quantitative analysis of the dormitory i...As one of the most common social relationships among college students,the dormitory interpersonal relationship has important effects on students'psychology and behavior.For quantitative analysis of the dormitory interpersonal influence on college students'emergency evacuation behavior,an evacuation simulation experiment of college students carried out and coupling questionnaire survey,measurement and social force model of society to visualize the normal dormitory interpersonal relationship and emergency evacuation following relationship of college students,then simulation experiment is used to explore the impact of different types of dormitory relationship structure on emergency evacuation.The results show that dormitory interpersonal relationship is an important component of college students'interpersonal network and has an important impact on emergency evacuation behavior.The close and united dormitory relationship has a good promotion effect on the emergency evacuation efficiency.When the emergency occurs,the dormitory interpersonal relationship of college students will partly transform into the leader-following behavior relationship,and the evacuation efficiency will decrease.The influence of dormitory interpersonal relationship on evacuation behavior is related to gender and grade which is higher for female students than male students,and is higher for junior students than senior students.展开更多
<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> The coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic emerged in December 2019 and spread worldwide. Si...<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> The coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic emerged in December 2019 and spread worldwide. Since workplaces are high-risk location for occupational exposure, understanding of the dynamics of COVID-19 clusters in occupational settings helps reduce the transmission of infectious disease in workplaces. This study presents an overview of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 workplace clusters, preventive strategies adopted and outbreak responses undertaken in Muscat governorate. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This is a descriptive study on the epidemiological characteristics of cases and distribution of workplace-related clusters of COVID-19 in Muscat Governorate in Oman. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 36,798 COVID-19 cases were confirmed in Muscat from 24<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>th</sup></span> February to 31<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>st</sup></span> July 2020 in which 40.5% was belonging to clusters. Out of them 61% were Workplace-Dormitory clusters, predominantly expatriates. 78.6% of employees were symptomatic at time of examination. Fever and cough were the two most common symptoms reported in workplace related clusters. The number of affected employees ranged from 2 to 358 per cluster. Construction, retail, food, beverages, services, industrial manufacturing, oil & gas and transportation were identified as most at risk settings. Within the cases in workplace-related clusters, there was significant higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity among females compared to males as also Omani nationals compared to expatriates and smoking among expatriate males compared to Omani males. <strong>In conclusion,</strong> understanding the epidemiological characteristics of the affected cases in organization setting will assist the policymakers to understand patterns of epidemiological spread and plan for robust interventions.</span> </p>展开更多
Energy flexibility is an important way to realize the real-time balance of regional energy supply and demand,and it can also reduce the operating cost of the system combined with peak-valley electricity price.The oper...Energy flexibility is an important way to realize the real-time balance of regional energy supply and demand,and it can also reduce the operating cost of the system combined with peak-valley electricity price.The operation of central hot water system in university dormitories can provide abundant energy flexibility due to the heat storage characteristics of water tank and pipe network.In order to quantify the potential of the flexibility of the central hot water system in university dormitories to optimize the operation of the system,an optimization model of the central hot water system based on model predictive control was proposed in this study.The proposed model consists of the water consumption prediction model based on the circulation neural network,the heat source model based on the linear model,and the hot water system temperature prediction model based on the RC(resistance and the capacitance)model.Putting emphasis on the reduction of operating cost as the objective function,genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal operation strategy.The results obtained from simulation showed that using energy flexibility to transfer hot water load from peak electricity price period to valley electricity price period could save 30%and 9.4%operating costs in summer and winter,respectively,and increase 64.4%power consumption during valley electricity price period in typical winter months,while bringing more suitable hot water temperature and comfort.展开更多
The large-scale application of renewable energy is an important strategy to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the building sector.Energy flexibility is essential for ensuring balance between energy demand and s...The large-scale application of renewable energy is an important strategy to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the building sector.Energy flexibility is essential for ensuring balance between energy demand and supply when targeting the maximum penetration rate of renewable energy during the operation of regional integrated energy systems.Revealing the energy flexibility characteristics of centralized hot water systems,which are an important source of such flexibility,is of great significance to the optimal operation of regional integrated energy systems.Hence,in this study,based on the annual real-time monitoring data,the energy flexibility of the centralized hot water system in university dormitories is evaluated from the perspective of available storage capacity(C_(ADR)),recovery time(t_(recovery)),and storage efficiency(η_(ADR)),by the data-driven simulation method.The factors influencing the energy flexibility of the centralized hot water system are also analyzed.Available storage capacity has a strong positive correlation with daily water consumption and a strong negative correlation with daily mean outdoor temperature.These associations indicate that increased water use on the energy flexibility of the centralized hot water system is conducive to optimal dispatching.In contrast,higher outdoor temperature is unfavorable.The hourly mean value of the available storage capacity in spring and winter is found to be around 80 kWh in the daytime,and about twice that in summer and autumn.Recovery time is evenly distributed throughout the year,while t_(recovery)/C_(ADR)in spring and winter is about half that in summer.The storage efficiency was significantly higher in spring,summer,and winter than in autumn.The hourly mean storage efficiency was found to be about 40%in the daytime.The benefits of activating energy flexibility in spring and winter are the best,because these two seasons have higher available storage capacity and storage efficiency,while the benefit of activating energy flexibility is the highest at 6:00 a.m.,and very low from midnight to 3:00 a.m.展开更多
In early January, a video in which a teenage girl is beaten by several other girls in what looks like a school dormitory went viral in China. One of the perpetrators stamps on the girl＇s head while others kick her in...In early January, a video in which a teenage girl is beaten by several other girls in what looks like a school dormitory went viral in China. One of the perpetrators stamps on the girl＇s head while others kick her in the back and legs. The victim is told to stay on the floor, kneeling. with her mouth bleeding and face covered in bruises.展开更多
In pre-modern China,the space for women was rarely a subject of architectural theory studies.It is along with the development of feminism in the field of sociology that more attention was gradually paid to it and its ...In pre-modern China,the space for women was rarely a subject of architectural theory studies.It is along with the development of feminism in the field of sociology that more attention was gradually paid to it and its morphological characteristics.When women began to participate in production activities in society,their life structure was greatly changed.Focusing on female dormitories as main living space for women in universities,this paper conducts a comparative study on the living space for men and women in China’s early modern universities from the perspective of planning and architecture.It analyzes the transformation of the space for women under the background of lifestyle diversification,elaborating its progressive and limitative meanings and identifying its reasons,so as to encourage more studies on the unique characteristics of the space for women.展开更多
文摘Living in the dormitory is usually the requirement for university students who live far from the university. The medical disorder occurring at night among the university students is rarely reported. The acute problem due to accident is a topic of interest. Here, the authors summarize on pattern of accident at night of university students in a dormitory.
文摘At present,a large number of historic buildings on campus are lack of energy-saving measures from the design time,especially the dormitories. And the reconstruction mostly focuses on functional reorganization or furniture replacement. However,energy efficiency design has not been paid enough attention,which leads to the high building energy consumption and the harsh physical environment. Based on the analysis of climatic characteristics of Chongqing area,taking Dormitory Six on campus B of Chongqing University as an example,the reconstruction of rooms on the top floor and West end are focused to guarantee the equal benefits of the dormitory environment. Through the simulation analysis of the software, on the basis of energy saving reconstruction of common maintenance structure,this thesis discusses the energy saving reconstruction methods and strategies of the existing campus dormitories,which are more suitable for the existing campus dormitories in Chongqing area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52378109,72274148 and 52008328)the Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(2023KJXX-043)+4 种基金the Shaanxi Provincial Office of Philosophy and Social Sciences(2022R049)the Shaanxi Association for Science and Technology(20220425)the Shaanxi Provincial Education Department Key Research Program Project(22JZ039)the Nature Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2023-CX-RKX-152)the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(23JZ043).
文摘College students’energy-saving behaviors in dormitory buildings are crucial for reducing energy consumption on university campuses.An information framework aimed at normalization can do well in motivating individuals’energy-saving behaviors.To assess the effectiveness of normative information intervention strategies in motivating college students to save energy,this study innovatively adopts a new method combining traditional influence path analysis and field experiment,which makes up for the shortcomings of the traditional single questionnaire survey method.First,this study introduced“normative information”and“personal norms”into the theory of planned behavior(TPB).The aim was to explore the mechanisms by which the provision of normative information affects college students’energy-saving intentions through a questionnaire(352 questionnaires).Then,on this basis,a field experiment was conducted in 70 university dormitories with 313 students to further assess the effectiveness of four normative information intervention strategies in promoting energy-saving behaviors.The study results showed:1)Attitude,perceived behavioral control,subjective norms,and personal norms were significantly correlated with energy-saving intentions.2)Positive normative feedback and low-intensity normative feedback had significant positive effects on personal norms,which fully mediated the relationships between positive/low-intensity normative feedback and energy-saving intentions.3)Positive low-intensity normative information achieved the best energy-saving effect(with an energy-saving ratio of 29.18%),followed by positive high-intensity normative information(24.97%)and negative low-intensity normative information(24.38%).The results can provide reference for reducing dormitory energy consumption.
基金Supported by Tianjin Social Science Project (TJGL21-019)。
文摘As one of the most common social relationships among college students,the dormitory interpersonal relationship has important effects on students'psychology and behavior.For quantitative analysis of the dormitory interpersonal influence on college students'emergency evacuation behavior,an evacuation simulation experiment of college students carried out and coupling questionnaire survey,measurement and social force model of society to visualize the normal dormitory interpersonal relationship and emergency evacuation following relationship of college students,then simulation experiment is used to explore the impact of different types of dormitory relationship structure on emergency evacuation.The results show that dormitory interpersonal relationship is an important component of college students'interpersonal network and has an important impact on emergency evacuation behavior.The close and united dormitory relationship has a good promotion effect on the emergency evacuation efficiency.When the emergency occurs,the dormitory interpersonal relationship of college students will partly transform into the leader-following behavior relationship,and the evacuation efficiency will decrease.The influence of dormitory interpersonal relationship on evacuation behavior is related to gender and grade which is higher for female students than male students,and is higher for junior students than senior students.
文摘<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> The coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic emerged in December 2019 and spread worldwide. Since workplaces are high-risk location for occupational exposure, understanding of the dynamics of COVID-19 clusters in occupational settings helps reduce the transmission of infectious disease in workplaces. This study presents an overview of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 workplace clusters, preventive strategies adopted and outbreak responses undertaken in Muscat governorate. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This is a descriptive study on the epidemiological characteristics of cases and distribution of workplace-related clusters of COVID-19 in Muscat Governorate in Oman. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 36,798 COVID-19 cases were confirmed in Muscat from 24<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>th</sup></span> February to 31<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>st</sup></span> July 2020 in which 40.5% was belonging to clusters. Out of them 61% were Workplace-Dormitory clusters, predominantly expatriates. 78.6% of employees were symptomatic at time of examination. Fever and cough were the two most common symptoms reported in workplace related clusters. The number of affected employees ranged from 2 to 358 per cluster. Construction, retail, food, beverages, services, industrial manufacturing, oil & gas and transportation were identified as most at risk settings. Within the cases in workplace-related clusters, there was significant higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity among females compared to males as also Omani nationals compared to expatriates and smoking among expatriate males compared to Omani males. <strong>In conclusion,</strong> understanding the epidemiological characteristics of the affected cases in organization setting will assist the policymakers to understand patterns of epidemiological spread and plan for robust interventions.</span> </p>
基金supported by the Open Foundation for Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Carbon Neutrality of Zhejiang Province(204022023001A)the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(2023C03152)the National Program for Individual Foreign Experts(H20240247).
文摘Energy flexibility is an important way to realize the real-time balance of regional energy supply and demand,and it can also reduce the operating cost of the system combined with peak-valley electricity price.The operation of central hot water system in university dormitories can provide abundant energy flexibility due to the heat storage characteristics of water tank and pipe network.In order to quantify the potential of the flexibility of the central hot water system in university dormitories to optimize the operation of the system,an optimization model of the central hot water system based on model predictive control was proposed in this study.The proposed model consists of the water consumption prediction model based on the circulation neural network,the heat source model based on the linear model,and the hot water system temperature prediction model based on the RC(resistance and the capacitance)model.Putting emphasis on the reduction of operating cost as the objective function,genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal operation strategy.The results obtained from simulation showed that using energy flexibility to transfer hot water load from peak electricity price period to valley electricity price period could save 30%and 9.4%operating costs in summer and winter,respectively,and increase 64.4%power consumption during valley electricity price period in typical winter months,while bringing more suitable hot water temperature and comfort.
基金This work was funded by the Center for Balance Architecture of Zhejiang University under the project:K Transversal 20203512-24CThis study was also partially supported by the Ningbo Science and Technology Bureau(No.2021S141).
文摘The large-scale application of renewable energy is an important strategy to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the building sector.Energy flexibility is essential for ensuring balance between energy demand and supply when targeting the maximum penetration rate of renewable energy during the operation of regional integrated energy systems.Revealing the energy flexibility characteristics of centralized hot water systems,which are an important source of such flexibility,is of great significance to the optimal operation of regional integrated energy systems.Hence,in this study,based on the annual real-time monitoring data,the energy flexibility of the centralized hot water system in university dormitories is evaluated from the perspective of available storage capacity(C_(ADR)),recovery time(t_(recovery)),and storage efficiency(η_(ADR)),by the data-driven simulation method.The factors influencing the energy flexibility of the centralized hot water system are also analyzed.Available storage capacity has a strong positive correlation with daily water consumption and a strong negative correlation with daily mean outdoor temperature.These associations indicate that increased water use on the energy flexibility of the centralized hot water system is conducive to optimal dispatching.In contrast,higher outdoor temperature is unfavorable.The hourly mean value of the available storage capacity in spring and winter is found to be around 80 kWh in the daytime,and about twice that in summer and autumn.Recovery time is evenly distributed throughout the year,while t_(recovery)/C_(ADR)in spring and winter is about half that in summer.The storage efficiency was significantly higher in spring,summer,and winter than in autumn.The hourly mean storage efficiency was found to be about 40%in the daytime.The benefits of activating energy flexibility in spring and winter are the best,because these two seasons have higher available storage capacity and storage efficiency,while the benefit of activating energy flexibility is the highest at 6:00 a.m.,and very low from midnight to 3:00 a.m.
文摘In early January, a video in which a teenage girl is beaten by several other girls in what looks like a school dormitory went viral in China. One of the perpetrators stamps on the girl＇s head while others kick her in the back and legs. The victim is told to stay on the floor, kneeling. with her mouth bleeding and face covered in bruises.
基金supported by the Hunan Provincial Social Science:Research on the Sustainable Development of Symbolic Value of Regional Architectural Heritage in Hunan Province (No.19YBA084)the Research Innovation Project for Postgraduates of Hunan Province:Influencing Factors for Sustainable Development of Historic Buildings Under the Background of Rail Transit Construction:A Case Study of Changsha (No.CX20190296)。
文摘In pre-modern China,the space for women was rarely a subject of architectural theory studies.It is along with the development of feminism in the field of sociology that more attention was gradually paid to it and its morphological characteristics.When women began to participate in production activities in society,their life structure was greatly changed.Focusing on female dormitories as main living space for women in universities,this paper conducts a comparative study on the living space for men and women in China’s early modern universities from the perspective of planning and architecture.It analyzes the transformation of the space for women under the background of lifestyle diversification,elaborating its progressive and limitative meanings and identifying its reasons,so as to encourage more studies on the unique characteristics of the space for women.
