The dominant patterns of summer rainfall anomalies in East China were studied using Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The results indicate that after the late 1970s, the first and second dominant pattern...The dominant patterns of summer rainfall anomalies in East China were studied using Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The results indicate that after the late 1970s, the first and second dominant patterns switched. During the period before the late 1970s, the spatial pattern of the first （second） dominant mode was the ＂Yangtze River pattern＂ （the ＂South China pattern＂）, but this changed to the ＂South China pattern＂ （the ＂Yangtze River pattern＂） after the late 1970s. This decadal change in the dominant patterns resulted from a significant decadal change in summer rainfall over South China after the late 1970s, i.e., a negative phase during 1978-1992 and a positive phase during 1993-2006. When the decadal variation of rainfall in East China is omitted from the analysis, the first and second dominant patterns represent the ＂Yangtze River pattern＂ and the ＂South China pattern＂, respectively. These results suggest that when decadal variation is included, the rainfall in China may be dominated by one mode during certain periods and by another in other periods. For the interannual variability when decadal variation is excluded, however, the first and second modes can be easily distinguished, and their order has been stable since at least 1951.展开更多
Taking different forests in Aershan of Inner Mongolia as sample plots, diversity and dominant species of arthropods were studied. The results show that two classes, 17 orders, 68 families, 130 species and 3742 individ...Taking different forests in Aershan of Inner Mongolia as sample plots, diversity and dominant species of arthropods were studied. The results show that two classes, 17 orders, 68 families, 130 species and 3742 individuals were identified and 92.31% of total species appeared in natural forests, and 75.38% of total species appeared in plantations. The orders of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera covered most of the collected arthropods. In different forest types, diversity indices is natural mixed forests （Betula platyphylla x Larix gmelinii）〉 natural pure B. platyphylla forests〉natural pure L. gmelinii forests〉plantations with pesticide treatment〉plantations without pesticide treatment. In natural forests, more than 70% of the arthropod families, species and individuals were distributed in shrub and herb layer, while in plantations 75% of the arthropod families, 78% of species and 80% of individuals were also distributed in shrub and herb layer. Lepidoptera, including Loxostege sticticalis （Linnaeus）, Chilo suppressalis （Walker） and Lymantria dispar （Linnaeus）, had the highest dominant degree.展开更多
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms cause many ecological disasters worldwide. During the development of cyanobacterial blooms, the diversity and domination of cyanobacterial taxa are of a particular concern. In this study,...Harmful cyanobacterial blooms cause many ecological disasters worldwide. During the development of cyanobacterial blooms, the diversity and domination of cyanobacterial taxa are of a particular concern. In this study, the microbial community structure within a water system, such as in Yuqiao Reservoir and Haihe River in Tianjin City, China, was compared by using next-generation sequencing. A total of 5 001 operational taxonomic units were obtained and clustered from filtered 16 S rDNA V3–V4 region sequences. The cyanobacterial and microbial structures greatly differed in these two water areas. Microcystis was dominant in Yuqiao, whereas Synechococcus was dominant in Haihe. Proteobacteria species were dominant among all detected samples. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes were higher in Yuqiao Reservoir than in Haihe River, whereas Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were relatively abundant in Haihe River. Further analyses indicated that the domination of both cyanobacteria was strongly related to several environmental factors, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen, reflecting the role of trophic states in shaping the dominance of cyanobacterial taxa. The present study provided the example for Microcystis and Synechococcus dominance along a cyanobacterial bloom in north China. Applying highthroughput sequencing could offer a wide field of vision in analyzing microbial community structures.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2009CB421400)the Ministry of Finance of China(Grant Nos.GYHY201006021and GYHY200906017)
文摘The dominant patterns of summer rainfall anomalies in East China were studied using Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The results indicate that after the late 1970s, the first and second dominant patterns switched. During the period before the late 1970s, the spatial pattern of the first （second） dominant mode was the ＂Yangtze River pattern＂ （the ＂South China pattern＂）, but this changed to the ＂South China pattern＂ （the ＂Yangtze River pattern＂） after the late 1970s. This decadal change in the dominant patterns resulted from a significant decadal change in summer rainfall over South China after the late 1970s, i.e., a negative phase during 1978-1992 and a positive phase during 1993-2006. When the decadal variation of rainfall in East China is omitted from the analysis, the first and second dominant patterns represent the ＂Yangtze River pattern＂ and the ＂South China pattern＂, respectively. These results suggest that when decadal variation is included, the rainfall in China may be dominated by one mode during certain periods and by another in other periods. For the interannual variability when decadal variation is excluded, however, the first and second modes can be easily distinguished, and their order has been stable since at least 1951.
基金supported by Biodiversity and Forest Pest Problems in Northeast China (BIOPROC)a cooperative project between Beijing Forestry University and Helsinki Universitythe Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities (PCSIRT0607)
文摘Taking different forests in Aershan of Inner Mongolia as sample plots, diversity and dominant species of arthropods were studied. The results show that two classes, 17 orders, 68 families, 130 species and 3742 individuals were identified and 92.31% of total species appeared in natural forests, and 75.38% of total species appeared in plantations. The orders of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera covered most of the collected arthropods. In different forest types, diversity indices is natural mixed forests （Betula platyphylla x Larix gmelinii）〉 natural pure B. platyphylla forests〉natural pure L. gmelinii forests〉plantations with pesticide treatment〉plantations without pesticide treatment. In natural forests, more than 70% of the arthropod families, species and individuals were distributed in shrub and herb layer, while in plantations 75% of the arthropod families, 78% of species and 80% of individuals were also distributed in shrub and herb layer. Lepidoptera, including Loxostege sticticalis （Linnaeus）, Chilo suppressalis （Walker） and Lymantria dispar （Linnaeus）, had the highest dominant degree.
基金Supported by the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2013DFA71340)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51779247)
文摘Harmful cyanobacterial blooms cause many ecological disasters worldwide. During the development of cyanobacterial blooms, the diversity and domination of cyanobacterial taxa are of a particular concern. In this study, the microbial community structure within a water system, such as in Yuqiao Reservoir and Haihe River in Tianjin City, China, was compared by using next-generation sequencing. A total of 5 001 operational taxonomic units were obtained and clustered from filtered 16 S rDNA V3–V4 region sequences. The cyanobacterial and microbial structures greatly differed in these two water areas. Microcystis was dominant in Yuqiao, whereas Synechococcus was dominant in Haihe. Proteobacteria species were dominant among all detected samples. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes were higher in Yuqiao Reservoir than in Haihe River, whereas Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were relatively abundant in Haihe River. Further analyses indicated that the domination of both cyanobacteria was strongly related to several environmental factors, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen, reflecting the role of trophic states in shaping the dominance of cyanobacterial taxa. The present study provided the example for Microcystis and Synechococcus dominance along a cyanobacterial bloom in north China. Applying highthroughput sequencing could offer a wide field of vision in analyzing microbial community structures.
