When Dachung Wochen,a 35-year-old blind Tibetan,walks in the bustling streets of Lhasa,capital of the Xizang Autonomous Region,with his guide dog Fuju,people are amazed by their tacit cooperation.Fuju helps his master...When Dachung Wochen,a 35-year-old blind Tibetan,walks in the bustling streets of Lhasa,capital of the Xizang Autonomous Region,with his guide dog Fuju,people are amazed by their tacit cooperation.Fuju helps his master navigate every obstacle on the road.After spending only a year with him,he understands most of his commands in Tibetan.Dachung Wochen's journey with the four-year-old canine began in April 2024.After 28 days of professional training at the China Guide Dog Training Center in Dalian,Liaoning Province,Dachung,as he is called by friends and family,took Fuju to Xizang by air and rail.展开更多
Background:Biological osteosynthesis preserves blood supply and promotes rapid healing by aligning fracture fragments without direct surgical exposure.Pedicle screws are primarily designed for internal fixation in spi...Background:Biological osteosynthesis preserves blood supply and promotes rapid healing by aligning fracture fragments without direct surgical exposure.Pedicle screws are primarily designed for internal fixation in spinal procedures.A key objec-tive of many orthopedic studies is to assess the biocompatibility of implants with bone and adjacent soft tissue.This study aims to evaluate the biocompatibility and effects of the Pedicle screw-Rod configuration as a novel external fixation method in canine tibial osteotomy.Methods:With ethics approval,eight healthy,intact male dogs,aged 10-12 months and weighing between 20 and 22 kg,underwent a minimally invasive medial tibial approach for surgical fixation of tibial osteotomy using a Pedicle screw-Rod configu-ration.Postoperative evaluations included ultrasound assessments at the osteotomy site and histological evaluations at the bone-screw interface.Results:B-mode ultrasound evaluation indicated healing progress at all osteotomy sites.The color Doppler examination revealed an initial increase in signals in the sur-rounding soft tissue during the first 4 weeks post-operation,followed by a decrease in signals within the adjacent soft tissue between the 5th and 8th weeks.During this latter period,the signals were primarily concentrated on the bone surface and the callus.The bone-screw interface at various screw sites exhibited similar histological changes,indicating effective integration of the newly formed woven bone into the screw threads.Conclusions:Fixation of non-articular tibial osteotomy with Pedicle screw-Rod con-figuration resulted in secondary bone healing,characterized by abundant callus for-mation and neovascularization.This implant demonstrated favorable biocompatibility with bone and surrounding soft tissue,without significant complications.展开更多
Rabies is a zoonotic disease with an estimated global mortality of 59,000 people annually and a burden of more than 3.7 million disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)that is caused by a neurotropic lyssavirus[1].Dogs a...Rabies is a zoonotic disease with an estimated global mortality of 59,000 people annually and a burden of more than 3.7 million disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)that is caused by a neurotropic lyssavirus[1].Dogs are the primary source of human rabies,as more than 95%of human cases can be traced to dogs[2,3].China faces a substantial burden of rabies,having endured three major human rabies epidemics,which occurred in the 1950s,1981,and 2007[4].Implementation of various prevention and control measures has decreased the number of human rabies cases from 3,300 in 2007 to 167 in 2024.In China.展开更多
英语词汇如何获得新的词义,本文似乎作了清晰的演绎。本文标题中的dogging,显然是“一直跟踪;尾随”的意思,如:A stranger then is still dogging us.(一个陌生人仍在跟踪我们。)但是,文中出现了另一个dogging,作者对它的释义是:The ter...英语词汇如何获得新的词义,本文似乎作了清晰的演绎。本文标题中的dogging,显然是“一直跟踪;尾随”的意思,如:A stranger then is still dogging us.(一个陌生人仍在跟踪我们。)但是,文中出现了另一个dogging,作者对它的释义是:The term“dogging”apparently comes from those who claim only to be“tak-ing the dog for a walk”-but are actually on the prowl(徘徊)for somethingmore.而这里的something more,即指标题中的Sex with Strangers。文章不乏此类隐晦的表达,另如:…and online message boards list the best parks and car-parks to watch people express themselves.其中的express themselves的真实含义,就值得我们三思玩味。展开更多
基于高斯差分小波(Difference of Gaussians,DOG)向球面上拓展产生的球面DOG小波函数,提出了基于球面DOG小波框架重构骨料形状的新方法。为探讨该方法的优势,采用该方法和传统球谐重构法,对采用三维扫描仪获取机制砂的表面点云数据进行...基于高斯差分小波(Difference of Gaussians,DOG)向球面上拓展产生的球面DOG小波函数,提出了基于球面DOG小波框架重构骨料形状的新方法。为探讨该方法的优势,采用该方法和传统球谐重构法,对采用三维扫描仪获取机制砂的表面点云数据进行重构,分析了球面DOG小波框架方法的参数设置,以及准确性。结果显示,随着球面DOG小波框架qmax的增大,重构骨料的形貌逐渐接近真实形态。且当qmax达到4时,支撑集足够小的球面DOG小波可有效避免高阶次球谐级数重构多棱角骨料时由于振铃效应导致的重构精度下降问题。展开更多
A veterinary(兽医的)clinic in Türkiye recently shared the touching story of a stray dog who carried her unconscious puppy in her mouth and left it at the clinic door,as if begging for help.If not for the viral vi...A veterinary(兽医的)clinic in Türkiye recently shared the touching story of a stray dog who carried her unconscious puppy in her mouth and left it at the clinic door,as if begging for help.If not for the viral video footage captured by CCTV cameras,most people would probably think this story too heart⁃warming to be true.A veterinary clinic in the Adnan Kahveci neighborhood of Beylikdüzü,in Türkiye's Istanbul Province,recently reported one of its most incredible cases.On January 13,an animal lover brought a young puppy he had found on the street,claiming it was the only survivor of a stray's litter.The clinic rushed to treat the puppy only to then find that its mother showed up on the doorstep with another unconscious puppy in her mouth.A technician noticed the desperate animal and rushed to tend to her offspring,which suffered from hypothermia(体温过低)and had a very low heart rate.展开更多
I never thought much about earthquakes until that morning.I was making coffee in my kitchen,still half asleep.My dog Max was acting strangely,whining(哀鸣)and running around in circles.Then my coffee cup started shaki...I never thought much about earthquakes until that morning.I was making coffee in my kitchen,still half asleep.My dog Max was acting strangely,whining(哀鸣)and running around in circles.Then my coffee cup started shaking.At first I thought I was just tired,but soon the whole kitchen was moving.The floor felt like jelly under my feet.展开更多
One sunny day,a little dog with the name Max met a little cat named Lily in the backyard.Max:Hi,Lily!I'm looking for something interesting to do.Do you want to play with me?Lily:Sure,Max!But how 1 can we play?Max:...One sunny day,a little dog with the name Max met a little cat named Lily in the backyard.Max:Hi,Lily!I'm looking for something interesting to do.Do you want to play with me?Lily:Sure,Max!But how 1 can we play?Max:How about hide-and-seek?Lily:Sound②great!You count first,and I'll go hide.展开更多
I love dogs because they are so friendly and lovely.With bright eyes,dogs can see things in the dark.Their noses are very sensitive,and this helps them find things easily.My pet dog is named Dahu.He is white with long...I love dogs because they are so friendly and lovely.With bright eyes,dogs can see things in the dark.Their noses are very sensitive,and this helps them find things easily.My pet dog is named Dahu.He is white with long ears.Every day when I come back home from school,he runs to me happily and wags his tail.We often play games together.He likes to chase a ball,and I throw the ball far,then he runs quickly to bring it back.展开更多
Activity 1 Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What factors might contribute to the high price of a rare dog?2.How do you think the ownership of such an expensive ...Activity 1 Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What factors might contribute to the high price of a rare dog?2.How do you think the ownership of such an expensive dog might impact the owner's lifestyle or responsibilities?展开更多
My favourite pet is a lovely dog.I bought him last year in the pet market.He has long ears,a long body and brown fur.He is very small.He weights①about one kilogram.He is very active.He wants to catch everything.Every...My favourite pet is a lovely dog.I bought him last year in the pet market.He has long ears,a long body and brown fur.He is very small.He weights①about one kilogram.He is very active.He wants to catch everything.Every day he runs here and there.But if you want him to do something,he will be a very good boy.展开更多
BACKGROUND The magnamosis,a minimal invasive,suture-free procedure,has been used for digestive tract or vessel reconstruction,such as gastrointestinal anastomosis,bilioenteric anastomosis,and coronary artery bypass.Al...BACKGROUND The magnamosis,a minimal invasive,suture-free procedure,has been used for digestive tract or vessel reconstruction,such as gastrointestinal anastomosis,bilioenteric anastomosis,and coronary artery bypass.Although some case reports have demonstrated the potential of magnamosis for the treatment of congenital rectal atresia(RA),they cannot provide strong evidence for its widespread application.AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of magnamosis in treating RA in dogs as compared to suturing anastomosis.The findings of this study can be beneficial in guiding the clinical application of magnamosis.METHODS Thirty-six dogs were randomly assigned to the magnamosis group(n=18)and the suturing anastomosis group(n=18).The rectum was freed laparoscopically in all dogs.In the magnamosis group,rectal anastomosis was performed using a pair of magnetic rings,while the suturing anastomosis group underwent a straight-sighted end-to-end rectal anastomosis with 4-0 absorbable sutures.The anastomosis time was recorded,and abdominal plain film examination was performed to locate the magnets until they were expelled postoperatively.Specimens of the anastomosis were evaluated at one month,three months,and six months after surgery.RESULTS The mean time for rectal anastomosis was significantly shorter in the magnamosis group(12.22±2.78 minutes)than the suturing anastomosis group(18.11±1.68 minutes).There was one incidence of anastomotic bleeding in the suturing anastomosis group,whereas no complication was recorded in the magnamosis group.The magnets were discharged post-surgery in 7.17±1.30 days in all the dogs.The histopathological examination revealed a smoother healing of anastomotic mucosa in the magnamosis group as compared to that in the suturing anastomosis group.Moreover,the fiber alignment was also more natural in the magnamosis group with minimal inflammation.CONCLUSION Rectal reconstruction using magnamosis is a feasible,safe,and effective alternative to suturing anastomosis in dogs,with the added benefit of faster and more natural healing of the anastomosis.展开更多
简单的善举不仅温暖了他人,也让施助者感受到内心的充盈与喜悦,既彰显出爱的力量,更传递出分享的真谛。1 I have no idea why some stores make shelves so high that only a professional basketball player can reach them,but they d...简单的善举不仅温暖了他人,也让施助者感受到内心的充盈与喜悦,既彰显出爱的力量,更传递出分享的真谛。1 I have no idea why some stores make shelves so high that only a professional basketball player can reach them,but they do.I experienced one of them just the other day.I had just picked up some toothpaste and deodorant and was heading to the dog food section when I took a short cut through the toy section.展开更多
ITALY A crescent moon rises at sunset behind Monte Camicia in Teramo on 3 September US A dog rides the waves with its trainer during the 20th annual Surf Dog Surf-a-Thon in Del Mar,California,on 7 September.
Fine-grained dog breed classification presents significant challenges due to subtle inter-class differences,pose variations,and intra-class diversity.To address these complexities and limitations of traditional handcr...Fine-grained dog breed classification presents significant challenges due to subtle inter-class differences,pose variations,and intra-class diversity.To address these complexities and limitations of traditional handcrafted approaches,a novel and efficient two-stageDeep Learning(DL)framework tailored for robust fine-grained classification is proposed.In the first stage,a lightweight object detector,YOLO v8N(You Only Look Once Version 8 Nano),is finetuned to localize both the head and full body of the dog from each image.In the second stage,a dual-stream Vision Transformer(ViT)architecture independently processes the detected head and body regions,enabling the extraction of region-specific,complementary features.This dual-path approach improves feature discriminability by capturing localized cues that are vital for distinguishing visually similar breeds.The proposed framework introduces several key innovations:(1)a modular and lightweight head–body detection pipeline that balances accuracy with computational efficiency,(2)a region-awareViT model that leverages spatial attention for enhanced fine-grained recognition,and(3)a training scheme incorporating advanced augmentations and structured supervision to maximize generalization.These contributions collectively enhancemodel performancewhilemaintaining deployment efficiency.Extensive experiments conducted on the Tsinghua Dogs dataset validate the effectiveness of the approach.The model achieves an accuracy of 90.04%,outperforming existing State-of-the-Art(SOTA)methods across all key evaluation metrics.Furthermore,statistical significance testing confirms the robustness of the observed improvements over multiple baselines.The proposed method presents an effective solution for breed recognition tasks and shows strong potential for broader applications,including pet surveillance,veterinary diagnostics,and cross-species classification.Notably,it achieved an accuracy of 96.85% on the Oxford-IIIT Pet dataset,demonstrating its robustness across different species and breeds.展开更多
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The parasite is transmitted cyclically between canines and numerous intermediate herbivor...Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The parasite is transmitted cyclically between canines and numerous intermediate herbivorous livestock animals. Also, other Taeniid tapeworms could infect domestic dogs and they pose significant veterinary and public health concerns worldwide. This study aimed to develop a sensitive molecular method for detecting Echinococcus spp. DNA in dog fecal samples using next-generation sequencing (NGS). A set of PCR primers targeting conserved regions of Taeniid tapeworms’ 18s rRNA genes was designed and tested for amplifying genomic DNA from various tapeworm species. The PCR system demonstrated high sensitivity, amplifying DNA from all tested tapeworm species, with differences observed in amplified band sizes. The primers were adapted for NGS analysis by adding forward and reverse adapters, enabling the sequencing of amplified DNA fragments. Application of the developed PCR system to dog fecal samples collected from Yatta town, Palestine, revealed the presence of E. granulosus DNA in five out of 50 samples. NGS analysis confirmed the specificity of the amplified DNA fragments, showing 98% - 99% similarity with the 18s rDNA gene of E. granulosus. This study demonstrates the utility of NGS-based molecular methods for accurate and sensitive detection of Echinococcus spp. in dog fecal samples, providing valuable insights for epidemiological surveillance and control programs of echinococcosis in endemic regions.展开更多
文摘When Dachung Wochen,a 35-year-old blind Tibetan,walks in the bustling streets of Lhasa,capital of the Xizang Autonomous Region,with his guide dog Fuju,people are amazed by their tacit cooperation.Fuju helps his master navigate every obstacle on the road.After spending only a year with him,he understands most of his commands in Tibetan.Dachung Wochen's journey with the four-year-old canine began in April 2024.After 28 days of professional training at the China Guide Dog Training Center in Dalian,Liaoning Province,Dachung,as he is called by friends and family,took Fuju to Xizang by air and rail.
基金The Vice Chancellor of Research and Technology at Urmia University。
文摘Background:Biological osteosynthesis preserves blood supply and promotes rapid healing by aligning fracture fragments without direct surgical exposure.Pedicle screws are primarily designed for internal fixation in spinal procedures.A key objec-tive of many orthopedic studies is to assess the biocompatibility of implants with bone and adjacent soft tissue.This study aims to evaluate the biocompatibility and effects of the Pedicle screw-Rod configuration as a novel external fixation method in canine tibial osteotomy.Methods:With ethics approval,eight healthy,intact male dogs,aged 10-12 months and weighing between 20 and 22 kg,underwent a minimally invasive medial tibial approach for surgical fixation of tibial osteotomy using a Pedicle screw-Rod configu-ration.Postoperative evaluations included ultrasound assessments at the osteotomy site and histological evaluations at the bone-screw interface.Results:B-mode ultrasound evaluation indicated healing progress at all osteotomy sites.The color Doppler examination revealed an initial increase in signals in the sur-rounding soft tissue during the first 4 weeks post-operation,followed by a decrease in signals within the adjacent soft tissue between the 5th and 8th weeks.During this latter period,the signals were primarily concentrated on the bone surface and the callus.The bone-screw interface at various screw sites exhibited similar histological changes,indicating effective integration of the newly formed woven bone into the screw threads.Conclusions:Fixation of non-articular tibial osteotomy with Pedicle screw-Rod con-figuration resulted in secondary bone healing,characterized by abundant callus for-mation and neovascularization.This implant demonstrated favorable biocompatibility with bone and surrounding soft tissue,without significant complications.
文摘Rabies is a zoonotic disease with an estimated global mortality of 59,000 people annually and a burden of more than 3.7 million disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)that is caused by a neurotropic lyssavirus[1].Dogs are the primary source of human rabies,as more than 95%of human cases can be traced to dogs[2,3].China faces a substantial burden of rabies,having endured three major human rabies epidemics,which occurred in the 1950s,1981,and 2007[4].Implementation of various prevention and control measures has decreased the number of human rabies cases from 3,300 in 2007 to 167 in 2024.In China.
文摘英语词汇如何获得新的词义,本文似乎作了清晰的演绎。本文标题中的dogging,显然是“一直跟踪;尾随”的意思,如:A stranger then is still dogging us.(一个陌生人仍在跟踪我们。)但是,文中出现了另一个dogging,作者对它的释义是:The term“dogging”apparently comes from those who claim only to be“tak-ing the dog for a walk”-but are actually on the prowl(徘徊)for somethingmore.而这里的something more,即指标题中的Sex with Strangers。文章不乏此类隐晦的表达,另如:…and online message boards list the best parks and car-parks to watch people express themselves.其中的express themselves的真实含义,就值得我们三思玩味。
文摘基于高斯差分小波(Difference of Gaussians,DOG)向球面上拓展产生的球面DOG小波函数,提出了基于球面DOG小波框架重构骨料形状的新方法。为探讨该方法的优势,采用该方法和传统球谐重构法,对采用三维扫描仪获取机制砂的表面点云数据进行重构,分析了球面DOG小波框架方法的参数设置,以及准确性。结果显示,随着球面DOG小波框架qmax的增大,重构骨料的形貌逐渐接近真实形态。且当qmax达到4时,支撑集足够小的球面DOG小波可有效避免高阶次球谐级数重构多棱角骨料时由于振铃效应导致的重构精度下降问题。
文摘目的研究三七Panax notoginseng DOG(PnDOG)基因家族结构特征和表达模式及其在三七种子后熟休眠和萌发的作用机制。方法基于三七的全基因组和转录组数据,利用生物信息手段分析PnDOG家族的理化性质、基因结构、系统发育关系、保守结构域、顺式作用元件和表达模式;探讨了外施赤霉素(gibberellins,GA)和脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)激素对三七种子的影响,以及PnDOG基因家族对这些外源激素的响应机制。结果PnDOG基因家族包含16个成员,不均匀地分布在8条染色体上。PnDOG基因都含有外显子,编码216~514个氨基酸,均为亲水性蛋白,亚细胞定位预测显示均位于细胞核中。系统进化将PnDOG基因分为3个亚组,不同亚组成员的基因结构存在差异。共线性分析显示,串联重复是PnDOG基因扩增的主要驱动因素。启动子顺式作用元件分析显示,PnDOG基因的启动子区含有大量激素响应、胁迫响应以及少量胚发育响应等元件。基因本体(geneontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)分析显示,PnDOG基因可能在非生物应激和激素诱导中起作用。基因表达分析和qRT-PCR分析显示,PnDOG基因在三七不同组织中均有表达,并具有明显的组织特异性。部分PnDOG基因在三七种子不同后熟阶段和激素处理下的表达量均存在显著差异。发现PnDOG1和PnDOG14在种子中高表达且受激素强烈诱导,其表达量随后熟时间的增加逐渐下降,推测PnDOG1和PnDOG14是调控三七种子后熟休眠的关键基因。结论大多数PnDOG基因的高表达可能与三七种子的后熟休眠形成有关,在后熟过程中通过响应激素信号调控种子休眠解除。
文摘A veterinary(兽医的)clinic in Türkiye recently shared the touching story of a stray dog who carried her unconscious puppy in her mouth and left it at the clinic door,as if begging for help.If not for the viral video footage captured by CCTV cameras,most people would probably think this story too heart⁃warming to be true.A veterinary clinic in the Adnan Kahveci neighborhood of Beylikdüzü,in Türkiye's Istanbul Province,recently reported one of its most incredible cases.On January 13,an animal lover brought a young puppy he had found on the street,claiming it was the only survivor of a stray's litter.The clinic rushed to treat the puppy only to then find that its mother showed up on the doorstep with another unconscious puppy in her mouth.A technician noticed the desperate animal and rushed to tend to her offspring,which suffered from hypothermia(体温过低)and had a very low heart rate.
文摘I never thought much about earthquakes until that morning.I was making coffee in my kitchen,still half asleep.My dog Max was acting strangely,whining(哀鸣)and running around in circles.Then my coffee cup started shaking.At first I thought I was just tired,but soon the whole kitchen was moving.The floor felt like jelly under my feet.
文摘One sunny day,a little dog with the name Max met a little cat named Lily in the backyard.Max:Hi,Lily!I'm looking for something interesting to do.Do you want to play with me?Lily:Sure,Max!But how 1 can we play?Max:How about hide-and-seek?Lily:Sound②great!You count first,and I'll go hide.
文摘I love dogs because they are so friendly and lovely.With bright eyes,dogs can see things in the dark.Their noses are very sensitive,and this helps them find things easily.My pet dog is named Dahu.He is white with long ears.Every day when I come back home from school,he runs to me happily and wags his tail.We often play games together.He likes to chase a ball,and I throw the ball far,then he runs quickly to bring it back.
文摘Activity 1 Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What factors might contribute to the high price of a rare dog?2.How do you think the ownership of such an expensive dog might impact the owner's lifestyle or responsibilities?
文摘My favourite pet is a lovely dog.I bought him last year in the pet market.He has long ears,a long body and brown fur.He is very small.He weights①about one kilogram.He is very active.He wants to catch everything.Every day he runs here and there.But if you want him to do something,he will be a very good boy.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82170676Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Key Industries Innovation Chain(Cluster)-Social Development Project,No.2020ZDLSF02-03Xi'an Talents Plan Project,No.XAYC210064.
文摘BACKGROUND The magnamosis,a minimal invasive,suture-free procedure,has been used for digestive tract or vessel reconstruction,such as gastrointestinal anastomosis,bilioenteric anastomosis,and coronary artery bypass.Although some case reports have demonstrated the potential of magnamosis for the treatment of congenital rectal atresia(RA),they cannot provide strong evidence for its widespread application.AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of magnamosis in treating RA in dogs as compared to suturing anastomosis.The findings of this study can be beneficial in guiding the clinical application of magnamosis.METHODS Thirty-six dogs were randomly assigned to the magnamosis group(n=18)and the suturing anastomosis group(n=18).The rectum was freed laparoscopically in all dogs.In the magnamosis group,rectal anastomosis was performed using a pair of magnetic rings,while the suturing anastomosis group underwent a straight-sighted end-to-end rectal anastomosis with 4-0 absorbable sutures.The anastomosis time was recorded,and abdominal plain film examination was performed to locate the magnets until they were expelled postoperatively.Specimens of the anastomosis were evaluated at one month,three months,and six months after surgery.RESULTS The mean time for rectal anastomosis was significantly shorter in the magnamosis group(12.22±2.78 minutes)than the suturing anastomosis group(18.11±1.68 minutes).There was one incidence of anastomotic bleeding in the suturing anastomosis group,whereas no complication was recorded in the magnamosis group.The magnets were discharged post-surgery in 7.17±1.30 days in all the dogs.The histopathological examination revealed a smoother healing of anastomotic mucosa in the magnamosis group as compared to that in the suturing anastomosis group.Moreover,the fiber alignment was also more natural in the magnamosis group with minimal inflammation.CONCLUSION Rectal reconstruction using magnamosis is a feasible,safe,and effective alternative to suturing anastomosis in dogs,with the added benefit of faster and more natural healing of the anastomosis.
文摘简单的善举不仅温暖了他人,也让施助者感受到内心的充盈与喜悦,既彰显出爱的力量,更传递出分享的真谛。1 I have no idea why some stores make shelves so high that only a professional basketball player can reach them,but they do.I experienced one of them just the other day.I had just picked up some toothpaste and deodorant and was heading to the dog food section when I took a short cut through the toy section.
文摘ITALY A crescent moon rises at sunset behind Monte Camicia in Teramo on 3 September US A dog rides the waves with its trainer during the 20th annual Surf Dog Surf-a-Thon in Del Mar,California,on 7 September.
基金supported by the faculty research fund of Sejong University in 2023,the National Research Foundation ofKorea(NRF)grant funded by theKorea government(MSIT)(RS-2025-00518960)Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)under the metaverse support program to nurture the best talents(IITP-2025-RS-2023-00254529)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT).
文摘Fine-grained dog breed classification presents significant challenges due to subtle inter-class differences,pose variations,and intra-class diversity.To address these complexities and limitations of traditional handcrafted approaches,a novel and efficient two-stageDeep Learning(DL)framework tailored for robust fine-grained classification is proposed.In the first stage,a lightweight object detector,YOLO v8N(You Only Look Once Version 8 Nano),is finetuned to localize both the head and full body of the dog from each image.In the second stage,a dual-stream Vision Transformer(ViT)architecture independently processes the detected head and body regions,enabling the extraction of region-specific,complementary features.This dual-path approach improves feature discriminability by capturing localized cues that are vital for distinguishing visually similar breeds.The proposed framework introduces several key innovations:(1)a modular and lightweight head–body detection pipeline that balances accuracy with computational efficiency,(2)a region-awareViT model that leverages spatial attention for enhanced fine-grained recognition,and(3)a training scheme incorporating advanced augmentations and structured supervision to maximize generalization.These contributions collectively enhancemodel performancewhilemaintaining deployment efficiency.Extensive experiments conducted on the Tsinghua Dogs dataset validate the effectiveness of the approach.The model achieves an accuracy of 90.04%,outperforming existing State-of-the-Art(SOTA)methods across all key evaluation metrics.Furthermore,statistical significance testing confirms the robustness of the observed improvements over multiple baselines.The proposed method presents an effective solution for breed recognition tasks and shows strong potential for broader applications,including pet surveillance,veterinary diagnostics,and cross-species classification.Notably,it achieved an accuracy of 96.85% on the Oxford-IIIT Pet dataset,demonstrating its robustness across different species and breeds.
文摘Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The parasite is transmitted cyclically between canines and numerous intermediate herbivorous livestock animals. Also, other Taeniid tapeworms could infect domestic dogs and they pose significant veterinary and public health concerns worldwide. This study aimed to develop a sensitive molecular method for detecting Echinococcus spp. DNA in dog fecal samples using next-generation sequencing (NGS). A set of PCR primers targeting conserved regions of Taeniid tapeworms’ 18s rRNA genes was designed and tested for amplifying genomic DNA from various tapeworm species. The PCR system demonstrated high sensitivity, amplifying DNA from all tested tapeworm species, with differences observed in amplified band sizes. The primers were adapted for NGS analysis by adding forward and reverse adapters, enabling the sequencing of amplified DNA fragments. Application of the developed PCR system to dog fecal samples collected from Yatta town, Palestine, revealed the presence of E. granulosus DNA in five out of 50 samples. NGS analysis confirmed the specificity of the amplified DNA fragments, showing 98% - 99% similarity with the 18s rDNA gene of E. granulosus. This study demonstrates the utility of NGS-based molecular methods for accurate and sensitive detection of Echinococcus spp. in dog fecal samples, providing valuable insights for epidemiological surveillance and control programs of echinococcosis in endemic regions.
