Overview of the DNA damage response(DDR)in tumor cells.DDR is a highly coordinated signaling network that repairs DNA damage caused by intrinsic cellular processes and extrinsic insults,thereby preventing genome insta...Overview of the DNA damage response(DDR)in tumor cells.DDR is a highly coordinated signaling network that repairs DNA damage caused by intrinsic cellular processes and extrinsic insults,thereby preventing genome instability.Depending on the type of damage,distinct DNA damage repair and DNA damage tolerance(DDT)pathways are involved and coordinately regulated.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Cervical cancer related to human papillomavirus(HPV)is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide.Cancer cells release fragments of their DNA,known as circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),which can be d...Cervical cancer related to human papillomavirus(HPV)is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide.Cancer cells release fragments of their DNA,known as circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),which can be detected in bodily fluids.A PubMed search using the terms“ctHPV”or“circulating tumor DNA”and“cervical cancer”,limited to the past ten years,identified 104 articles,complemented by hand-searching for literature addressing medico-legal implications.Studies were evaluated for relevance and methodological quality.Detection and characterization of circulating tumor HPV DNA(ctHPV DNA)have emerged as promising tools for assessing prognosis and disease recurrence in cervical cancer.Detection techniques include polymerase chain reaction(PCR),digital droplet PCR(ddPCR),and next-generation sequencing(NGS).This review summarizes current knowledge on ctHPV DNA in cervical cancer and explores its clinical and medico-legal implications,including management of discordant results,diagnostic errors,liability,and data protection compliance.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82330090 and Grant No.82341006 to C.G.)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA0460403 to C.G.)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202203021211155 to X.M.).
文摘Overview of the DNA damage response(DDR)in tumor cells.DDR is a highly coordinated signaling network that repairs DNA damage caused by intrinsic cellular processes and extrinsic insults,thereby preventing genome instability.Depending on the type of damage,distinct DNA damage repair and DNA damage tolerance(DDT)pathways are involved and coordinately regulated.
文摘目的探讨RUNX3、P16和DAPK基因启动子DNA甲基化与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)化疗敏感性的关系。方法选取2023年2月至2025年2月于株洲市中心医院接受铂类化疗的初治晚期NSCLC患者116例为研究对象,根据化疗疗效将其分为敏感组(n=81)和耐受组(n=35)。比较两组患者的病灶组织标本RUNX3、P16、DAPK基因启动子DNA甲基化情况、基因转录水平绝对定量,采用受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线)评估RUNX3、P16、DAPK基因表达水平对铂类化疗耐药的预测价值。结果耐受组患者肺癌组织的RUNX3、P16和DAPK基因启动子DNA甲基化比例均显著高于敏感组(P<0.05)。耐受组患者肺癌组织的RUNX3、P16和DAPK基因转录水平均显著低于敏感组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,肺癌组织RUNX3、P16、DAPK基因转录水平预测NSCLC患者化疗敏感的最佳截断值分别为2.93×10^(6)、5.22×10^(4)、6.420×10^(5),曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.726、0.748、0.763。三者联合预测NSCLC患者化疗敏感的AUC为0.883,敏感度为81.82%、特异性为78.05%。结论RUNX3、P16、DAPK基因甲基化可能是晚期NSCLC患者铂类化疗耐药的原因之一,早期测定此类基因转录水平对预估化疗耐药、制定个体化治疗方案具有积极作用。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
文摘Cervical cancer related to human papillomavirus(HPV)is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide.Cancer cells release fragments of their DNA,known as circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),which can be detected in bodily fluids.A PubMed search using the terms“ctHPV”or“circulating tumor DNA”and“cervical cancer”,limited to the past ten years,identified 104 articles,complemented by hand-searching for literature addressing medico-legal implications.Studies were evaluated for relevance and methodological quality.Detection and characterization of circulating tumor HPV DNA(ctHPV DNA)have emerged as promising tools for assessing prognosis and disease recurrence in cervical cancer.Detection techniques include polymerase chain reaction(PCR),digital droplet PCR(ddPCR),and next-generation sequencing(NGS).This review summarizes current knowledge on ctHPV DNA in cervical cancer and explores its clinical and medico-legal implications,including management of discordant results,diagnostic errors,liability,and data protection compliance.
