Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally observed as a massive tumor originated from one lobe in dogs.Surgery is the treatment of choice in dogs with a massive HCC. However,complete resection is technically difficu...Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally observed as a massive tumor originated from one lobe in dogs.Surgery is the treatment of choice in dogs with a massive HCC. However,complete resection is technically difficult in the cases with an extremely enlarged HCC pressing or involving the large vessels such as caudal vena cava and main hepatic veins. This study aimed to report the divisional hepatic lobectomy for complete resection of very large HCC and successful treatment of paraneoplastic hypoglycemic seizures in a dog.A 12-year-old spayed Yorkshire terrier was referred to our hospital with chief complaints of seizures and a very large hepatic mass. In the first presentation,serum liver enzymes levels increased,and serum glucose concentration was 29mg/dl. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed that a huge mass occurred in the right medial,quadrate,and left medial hepatic lobes and flattened caudal vena cava and main portal vein. The patient underwent surgical treatment.The mass was approached with midline celiotomy,caudal median sternotomy,and bilateral paracostal laparotomy. En bloc resection of central and left divisional lobes including the mass was accomplished with surgical ligation of hepatic hilar vessels and hepatic veins. The hypoglycemic seizures were postoperatively resolved,and no clinical signs were observed.The hypoglycemic seizures were thought to be associated with the insulin-like growth factors (IGF). The right divisional lobes could serve the sufficient hepatic function. Divisional hepatic lobectomy based on CT angiography is very useful for the treatment of canine HCCs.展开更多
Engineering optimization problems are often characterized by high dimensionality,constraints,and complex,multimodal landscapes.Traditional deterministic methods frequently struggle under such conditions,prompting incr...Engineering optimization problems are often characterized by high dimensionality,constraints,and complex,multimodal landscapes.Traditional deterministic methods frequently struggle under such conditions,prompting increased interest in swarm intelligence algorithms.Among these,the Cuckoo Search(CS)algorithm stands out for its promising global search capabilities.However,it often suffers from premature convergence when tackling complex problems.To address this limitation,this paper proposes a Grouped Dynamic Adaptive CS(GDACS)algorithm.Theenhancements incorporated intoGDACS can be summarized into two key aspects.Firstly,a chaotic map is employed to generate initial solutions,leveraging the inherent randomness of chaotic sequences to ensure a more uniform distribution across the search space and enhance population diversity from the outset.Secondly,Cauchy and Levy strategies replace the standard CS population update.This strategy involves evaluating the fitness of candidate solutions to dynamically group the population based on performance.Different step-size adaptation strategies are then applied to distinct groups,enabling an adaptive search mechanism that balances exploration and exploitation.Experiments were conducted on six benchmark functions and four constrained engineering design problems,and the results indicate that the proposed GDACS achieves good search efficiency and produces more accurate optimization results compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms.展开更多
Understanding the acid resistance mechanism of S.mutans is crucial for preventing dental caries.FtsZ is the core protein for cell division in bacteria that can polymerize into Z-rings and drive cytokinesis.Our previou...Understanding the acid resistance mechanism of S.mutans is crucial for preventing dental caries.FtsZ is the core protein for cell division in bacteria that can polymerize into Z-rings and drive cytokinesis.Our previous study revealed that the FtsZ in S.mutans(SmFtsZ) has higher self-assembly and GTPase activity under acidic stress,which may be responsible for acid resistance and ca riogenesis of S.mutans.However,the functional structure mechanism of SmFtsZ under low pH conditions is still unclear.Here,we further reported the crystal structure of S.mutans FtsZ,revealing a unique lateral interface.Through protein polymerization and GTPase activity assay,we experimentally demonstrated that the mutation of Arg68 on this lateral interface significantly reduced the functional activity of FtsZ in an acidic environment.The phenotype assay and rat caries model further showed that the mutation of Arg68 effectively inhibited the acid resistance of S.mutans and the occurrence and progress of dental caries in vivo.By employing a molecular dynamics simulation analysis,we conclude that the mutation of Arg68 disrupts the conformation change necessary for SmFtsZ polymerization under acidic conditions.Our study proposes a novel mechanism to maintain FtsZ function in bacteria and could be a potential target for antimicrobial drugs to inhibit the growth of S.mutans in acidic environments.展开更多
In the context of the coordinated pursuit of"carbon peak and neutrality"objectives,alongside the strategy to establish a robust agricultural nation,the economic and social development of rural areas is under...In the context of the coordinated pursuit of"carbon peak and neutrality"objectives,alongside the strategy to establish a robust agricultural nation,the economic and social development of rural areas is undergoing a profound paradigm shift.The traditional rural division of labor pattern,which depends on tangible factors such as land,labor,and capital,has increasingly encountered developmental challenges characterized by diminishing marginal returns and a detrimental cycle of internal competition.The new quality productive force,centered on data,algorithms,green technologies,bioengineering,and clean energy,offers a potential pathway for the rural division of labor system to overcome the"low-level equilibrium".This force is characterized by attributes such as non-exclusivity,replicability,network collaboration,and ecological compatibility.This paper develops a three-dimensional collaborative analytical framework encompassing"technology,institution,and culture".It systematically elucidates the internal logic by which new quality productive forces drive the transformation of the rural division of labor from"quantitative factor matching"to"qualitative structural reorganization"through three principal mechanisms:technology embedding,institutional reconstruction,and cultural coupling.Furthermore,the study proposes corresponding policy recommendations,thereby offering theoretical insights to support the modernization of China s agriculture and rural areas,as well as the development of a strong agricultural country.展开更多
In the past few decades,China's foreign trade,leveraging its comprehensive industrial system,resilient supply chain,and factor cost advantages,has steadily constructed a global division of labor pattern as the“wo...In the past few decades,China's foreign trade,leveraging its comprehensive industrial system,resilient supply chain,and factor cost advantages,has steadily constructed a global division of labor pattern as the“world's factory”.展开更多
Fast and accurate transient stability analysis is crucial to power system operation.With high penetration level of wind power resources,practical dynamic security region(PDSR)with hyper plane expression has outstandin...Fast and accurate transient stability analysis is crucial to power system operation.With high penetration level of wind power resources,practical dynamic security region(PDSR)with hyper plane expression has outstanding advantages in situational awareness and series of optimization problems.The precondition of obtaining accurate PDSR boundary is to locate sufficient points around the boundary(critical points).Therefore,this paper proposes a space division and Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gra-dient penalty(WGAN-GP)based fast generation method of PDSR boundary.First,the typical differential topological characterizations of dynamic security region(DSR)provide strong theoretical foundation that the interior of DSR is hole-free and the boundaries of DSR are tight and knot-free.Then,the space division method is proposed to calculate critical operation area where the PDSR boundary is located,tremen-dously compressing the search space to locate critical points and improving the confidence level of boundary fitting result.Furthermore,the WGAN-GP model is utilized to fast obtain large number of criti-cal points based on learning the data distribution of the small training set aforementioned.Finally,the PDSR boundary with hyperplanes is fitted by the least square method.The case study is tested on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers(IEEE)39-bus system and the results verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.展开更多
Sixth Generation(6G)mobile communication networks will involve sensing as a new function,with the overwhelming trend of Integrated Sensing And Communications(ISAC).Although expanding the serving range of the networks,...Sixth Generation(6G)mobile communication networks will involve sensing as a new function,with the overwhelming trend of Integrated Sensing And Communications(ISAC).Although expanding the serving range of the networks,there exists performance trade-offbetween communication and sensing,in that they have competitions on the physical resources.Different resource allocation schemes will result in different sensing and communication performance,thus influencing the system’s overall performance.Therefore,how to model the system’s overall performance,and how to optimize it are key issues for ISAC.Relying on the large-scale deployment of the networks,cooperative ISAC has the advantages of wider coverage,more robust performance and good compatibility of multiple monostatic and multistatic sensing,compared to the non-cooperative ISAC.How to capture the performance gain of cooperation is a key issue for cooperative ISAC.To address the aforementioned vital problems,in this paper,we analyze the sensing accuracy gain,propose a unified ISAC performance evaluation framework and design several optimization methods in cooperative ISAC systems.The cooperative sensing accuracy gain is theoretically analyzed via Cramér Rao lower bound.The unified ISAC performance evaluation model is established by converting the communication mutual information to the effective minimum mean squared error.To optimize the unified ISAC performance,we design the optimization algorithms considering three factors:base stations’working modes,power allocation schemes and waveform design.Through simulations,we show the performance gain of the cooperative ISAC system and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization methods.展开更多
In this paper,we prove that Euclid's algorithm,Bezout's equation and Divi-sion algorithm are equivalent to each other.Our result shows that Euclid has preliminarily established the theory of divisibility and t...In this paper,we prove that Euclid's algorithm,Bezout's equation and Divi-sion algorithm are equivalent to each other.Our result shows that Euclid has preliminarily established the theory of divisibility and the greatest common divisor.We further provided several suggestions for teaching.展开更多
In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-p...In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.展开更多
A 16-channel arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)with an 800 GHz channel spacing in the O-band has been developed and fabricated based on silica planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology.By extending the wave⁃length allocatio...A 16-channel arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)with an 800 GHz channel spacing in the O-band has been developed and fabricated based on silica planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology.By extending the wave⁃length allocation from 8 channels to 16 channels as specified in IEEE 802.3bs,we increased the number of chan⁃nels and boosted transmission capacity to meet the 1.6 Tbps and higher-speed signal transmission requirements for future data centers.Through optimizing the AWG structure,it has achieved insertion loss(IL)better than-1.61 dB,loss uniformity below 0.35 dB,polarization-dependent loss(PDL)below 0.35 dB,adjacent channel cross⁃talk under-20.05 dB,ripple less than 0.75 dB,center wavelength offset under 0.22 nm and 1 dB bandwidth ex⁃ceeding 2.88 nm.The AWG has been successfully measured to transmit 53 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modu⁃lation(PAM4)signal per channel and the total transmission speed can reach over 1.6 Tbps.展开更多
2024 is a“super election year”with the biggest influence in the world since World War II.About 80 countries covering about 60%of the world's population hold national elections.The number and scale of elections a...2024 is a“super election year”with the biggest influence in the world since World War II.About 80 countries covering about 60%of the world's population hold national elections.The number and scale of elections are rare in history.The processes and results of many countries'elections are so dramatic,with a series of exchanges,offenses and defenses,which further highlights the trend of intensified political confrontation and social division around the world.展开更多
The electric vehicle industry has become one of the fastest-growing areas of China-CEEC cooperation in recent years.It has become a new engine for promoting bilateral economic and trade cooperation.The electric vehicl...The electric vehicle industry has become one of the fastest-growing areas of China-CEEC cooperation in recent years.It has become a new engine for promoting bilateral economic and trade cooperation.The electric vehicle industrial chain features an extensive and refined division of labor,and its complexity and specialization surpass that of traditional fuel vehicles.展开更多
Machine learning has emerged as a key approach in wildfire risk prediction research.However,in practical applications,the scarcity of data for specific regions often hindersmodel performance,with models trained on reg...Machine learning has emerged as a key approach in wildfire risk prediction research.However,in practical applications,the scarcity of data for specific regions often hindersmodel performance,with models trained on region-specific data struggling to generalize due to differences in data distributions.While traditional methods based on expert knowledge tend to generalize better across regions,they are limited in leveragingmulti-source data effectively,resulting in suboptimal predictive accuracy.This paper addresses this challenge by exploring how accumulated domain expertise in wildfire prediction can reduce model reliance on large volumes of high-quality data.An active learning algorithm is proposed based on XGBoost for wildfire risk assessment that autonomously identifies low-confidence predictions and seeks re-labeling through a human-in-the-loop or physics-based correction approach.This corrected data is reintegrated into the model,effectively preventing catastrophic forgetting.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed human-in-the-loop approach significantly enhances labeling accuracy,predictive performance,and preserves the model's ability to generalize.These findings highlight the value of incorporating human expertise into machine learningmodels,offering a practical solution tomitigate data quality challenges and improvemodel reliability in wildfire risk prediction.展开更多
Codebooks have been indispensable for wireless communication standard since the first release of the Long-Term Evolution in 2009.They offer an efficient way to acquire the channel state information(CSI)for multiple an...Codebooks have been indispensable for wireless communication standard since the first release of the Long-Term Evolution in 2009.They offer an efficient way to acquire the channel state information(CSI)for multiple antenna systems.Nowadays,a codebook is not limited to a set of pre-defined precoders,it refers to a CSI feedback framework,which is more and more sophisticated.In this paper,we review the codebooks in 5G New Radio(NR)standards.The codebook timeline and the evolution trend are shown.Each codebook is elaborated with its motivation,the corresponding feedback mechanism,and the format of the precoding matrix indicator.Some insights are given to help grasp the underlying reasons and intuitions of these codebooks.Finally,we point out some unresolved challenges of the codebooks for future evolution of the standards.In general,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the codebooks in 5G NR and aims to help researchers understand the CSI feedback schemes from a standard and industrial perspective.展开更多
Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is a common respiratory emergency,but current clinical treatment remains at the level of symptomatic support and there is a lack of effective targeted treatment measures.Our pr...Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is a common respiratory emergency,but current clinical treatment remains at the level of symptomatic support and there is a lack of effective targeted treatment measures.Our previous study confirmed that inhalation of hydrogen gas can reduce the acute lung injury of ARDS,but the application of hydrogen has flammable and explosive safety concerns.Drinking hydrogen-rich liquid or inhaling hydrogen gas has been shown to play an important role in scavenging reactive oxygen species and maintaining mitochondrial quality control balance,thus improving ARDS in patients and animal models.Coral calcium hydrogenation(CCH)is a new solid molecular hydrogen carrier prepared from coral calcium(CC).Whether and how CCH affects acute lung injury in ARDS remains unstudied.In this study,we observed the therapeutic effect of CCH on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced acute lung injury in ARDS mice.The survival rate of mice treated with CCH and hydrogen inhalation was found to be comparable,demonstrating a significant improvement compared to the untreated ARDS model group.CCH treatment significantly reduced pulmonary hemorrhage and edema,and improved pulmonary function and local microcirculation in ARDS mice.CCH promoted mitochondrial peripheral division in the early course of ARDS by activating mitochondrial thioredoxin 2(Trx2),improved lung mitochondrial dysfunction induced by LPS,and reduced oxidative stress damage.The results indicate that CCH is a highly efficient hydrogen-rich agent that can attenuate acute lung injury of ARDS by improving the mitochondrial function through Trx2 activation.展开更多
This article investigates the time-varying output group formation tracking control(GFTC)problem for heterogeneous multi-agent systems(HMASs)under switching topologies.The objective is to design a distributed control s...This article investigates the time-varying output group formation tracking control(GFTC)problem for heterogeneous multi-agent systems(HMASs)under switching topologies.The objective is to design a distributed control strategy that enables the outputs of the followers to form the desired sub-formations and track the outputs of the leader in each subgroup.Firstly,novel distributed observers are developed to estimate the states of the leaders under switching topologies.Then,GFTC protocols are designed based on the proposed observers.It is shown that with the distributed protocol,the GFTC problem for HMASs under switching topologies is solved if the average dwell time associated with the switching topologies is larger than a fixed threshold.Finally,an example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
Southern China has high temperatures and receives concentrated rainfall;therefore,the two-crop-a-year cultivation system has been applied to grape production so as to resolve the problem of relative seasonal surplus o...Southern China has high temperatures and receives concentrated rainfall;therefore,the two-crop-a-year cultivation system has been applied to grape production so as to resolve the problem of relative seasonal surplus of grape yield.However,a common issue associated with this technique is the tendency of the second season fruits to be smaller than the first season fruits.We here used the first and second season fruits of‘Summer Black'at different ripening stages as research materials.Phenotypic and histological analyses revealed fewer cell number occurring between 7 and 14 days post anthesis(DPA)in the second season fruits,which ultimately resulted in a smaller fruit size compared with the first season fruits.To unravel the mechanism underlying this phenomenon,first and second season fruits of four time periods(7,14,21,and 28 DPA)were selected for RNA-seq analysis.This analysis identified 10431 differentially expressed genes(DEGs).These DEGs were classified into 9 clusters through GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.Then the time-ordered gene co-expression network(TO-GCN)analysis with the breadth-first search algorithm showed that DEGs in the GCN were divided into 8 levels.The DEGs of early berry development(L1-L3)were enriched in heat stress-and cell division-related pathways.The field investigation of effective accumulated temperature confirmed that the growth and development of the second season fruits were subjected to high temperature stress during 7-14 DPA.Moreover,based on the results of interactive analysis of TO-GCN and transcriptional regulation prediction of L1-L3 genes,we constructed a unique hierarchical regulatory network for the heat stress regulation of berry size.The expression level of 5 candidate genes was verified through qRT-PCR.Vitvi10g00469(HSFB2A),Vitvi16g00982(HSFB2A),Vitvi02g00387(HSFB2B),Vitvi15g01542(NTL9),and Vitvi06g00592(DIVARICATA)were upregulated in 7-14 DPA,whereas Vitvi18g00777(HSFB4)was downregulated in 7 DPA.These results suggest that during intense cell division,heat stress might act as a major factor causing a reduction in cell number,thereby ultimately resulting in the smaller size of the second season fruits.展开更多
Cell division is a fundamental biological process in which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells.The cell cortex,a thin layer primarily composed of actin filaments and myosin motors beneath the plasma membrane...Cell division is a fundamental biological process in which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells.The cell cortex,a thin layer primarily composed of actin filaments and myosin motors beneath the plasma membrane,plays a critical role in ensuring proper cell division.In this study,we apply a hydrodynamic model to describe the actin cortex as an active nematic surface,incorporating orientational order arising from actin filament alignment and anisotropic active stress produced by myosin motors.By analyzing the linearized dynamics,we investigate how shape,flow,and stress regulators evolve over time when the surface deviates slightly from a sphere.Our findings reveal that the active alignment of actin filaments,often overlooked in previous studies,is crucial for successful division.Furthermore,we demonstrate that a cortical chiral flow naturally emerges as a consequence of this active alignment.Overall,our results provide a mechanistic explanation for key phenomena observed during cell division,offering new insights into the role of active stress and filament alignment in cortical dynamics.展开更多
The lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, with its core advantages such as high space utilization, modular and flexible layout, and intelligent operation, has become an efficient solution to alleviate the urban ...The lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, with its core advantages such as high space utilization, modular and flexible layout, and intelligent operation, has become an efficient solution to alleviate the urban parking problem. However, existing research still lacks a systematic evaluation of its structural performance, particularly in areas such as the fatigue characteristics of steel frame materials, stress distribution under dynamic loads, and resonance risk analysis. The stress amplitude (S) and fatigue life (N) relationship curve of Q235 steel, the material used in the steel frame of the lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, was obtained through fatigue testing methods. The finite element simulation model of the steel frame structure of the lift-and-transverse type parking equipment was established using ABAQUS simulation software. Through static simulation analysis, the deformation and stress distribution under various operating conditions, including full load, partial load, and no load, was obtained. The fatigue life under full load and partial load was determined through FE-Safe fatigue analysis. Modal analysis was conducted to get the natural frequencies of the steel frame structure at various modes, which were compared with the operating frequency of the equipment to avoid resonance. This paper examines the evaluation methods for the structural performance of lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, providing a reliable research basis for the design and fatigue life analysis of this specialized structure.展开更多
Using data from the 2022 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this study selects 11,375 dual-spouse households as the research sample and constructs a comprehensive housework division index via the entropy weight method.T...Using data from the 2022 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this study selects 11,375 dual-spouse households as the research sample and constructs a comprehensive housework division index via the entropy weight method.The index integrates four dimensions:participation subject,time allocation,content type,and fairness perception,aiming to explore the fairness level of housework division and group differences in Chinese households.The results show that the overall fairness of housework division in Chinese households is relatively low:the mean value of the index(after 10,000-fold linear expansion)is 0.0632,showing a significant right-skewed distribution,with most households concentrated in the"low-fairness"range and only a few achieving relatively balanced division.Significant group differences exist:rural households have a slightly higher housework division index(0.0659)than urban households(0.0608);male respondents have a higher index(0.0660)than female respondents(0.0603);and the high-education group has a significantly lower index(0.0501)than the low-education group(0.0653).The fairness of housework division is jointly influenced by structural factors and perceptual factors,with an obvious"concept-action gap":74.02%of respondents perceive housework division as"fair",but the low index level indicates this perception mostly stems from normative adaptation rather than objective balance.This study provides empirical evidence for optimizing family labor allocation and promoting gender equality.展开更多
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally observed as a massive tumor originated from one lobe in dogs.Surgery is the treatment of choice in dogs with a massive HCC. However,complete resection is technically difficult in the cases with an extremely enlarged HCC pressing or involving the large vessels such as caudal vena cava and main hepatic veins. This study aimed to report the divisional hepatic lobectomy for complete resection of very large HCC and successful treatment of paraneoplastic hypoglycemic seizures in a dog.A 12-year-old spayed Yorkshire terrier was referred to our hospital with chief complaints of seizures and a very large hepatic mass. In the first presentation,serum liver enzymes levels increased,and serum glucose concentration was 29mg/dl. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed that a huge mass occurred in the right medial,quadrate,and left medial hepatic lobes and flattened caudal vena cava and main portal vein. The patient underwent surgical treatment.The mass was approached with midline celiotomy,caudal median sternotomy,and bilateral paracostal laparotomy. En bloc resection of central and left divisional lobes including the mass was accomplished with surgical ligation of hepatic hilar vessels and hepatic veins. The hypoglycemic seizures were postoperatively resolved,and no clinical signs were observed.The hypoglycemic seizures were thought to be associated with the insulin-like growth factors (IGF). The right divisional lobes could serve the sufficient hepatic function. Divisional hepatic lobectomy based on CT angiography is very useful for the treatment of canine HCCs.
基金supported in part by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia(MOHE)through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)Ref:FRGS/1/2024/ICT02/UTM/02/10,Vot.No:R.J130000.7828.5F748the Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province(Nos.22B1046 and 24A0771).
文摘Engineering optimization problems are often characterized by high dimensionality,constraints,and complex,multimodal landscapes.Traditional deterministic methods frequently struggle under such conditions,prompting increased interest in swarm intelligence algorithms.Among these,the Cuckoo Search(CS)algorithm stands out for its promising global search capabilities.However,it often suffers from premature convergence when tackling complex problems.To address this limitation,this paper proposes a Grouped Dynamic Adaptive CS(GDACS)algorithm.Theenhancements incorporated intoGDACS can be summarized into two key aspects.Firstly,a chaotic map is employed to generate initial solutions,leveraging the inherent randomness of chaotic sequences to ensure a more uniform distribution across the search space and enhance population diversity from the outset.Secondly,Cauchy and Levy strategies replace the standard CS population update.This strategy involves evaluating the fitness of candidate solutions to dynamically group the population based on performance.Different step-size adaptation strategies are then applied to distinct groups,enabling an adaptive search mechanism that balances exploration and exploitation.Experiments were conducted on six benchmark functions and four constrained engineering design problems,and the results indicate that the proposed GDACS achieves good search efficiency and produces more accurate optimization results compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation:7222220National Natural Science Foundation of China (82001039)+2 种基金Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology:PKUSS20230117The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesYoung Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST (No.2019QNRC001 to Y.L.L)。
文摘Understanding the acid resistance mechanism of S.mutans is crucial for preventing dental caries.FtsZ is the core protein for cell division in bacteria that can polymerize into Z-rings and drive cytokinesis.Our previous study revealed that the FtsZ in S.mutans(SmFtsZ) has higher self-assembly and GTPase activity under acidic stress,which may be responsible for acid resistance and ca riogenesis of S.mutans.However,the functional structure mechanism of SmFtsZ under low pH conditions is still unclear.Here,we further reported the crystal structure of S.mutans FtsZ,revealing a unique lateral interface.Through protein polymerization and GTPase activity assay,we experimentally demonstrated that the mutation of Arg68 on this lateral interface significantly reduced the functional activity of FtsZ in an acidic environment.The phenotype assay and rat caries model further showed that the mutation of Arg68 effectively inhibited the acid resistance of S.mutans and the occurrence and progress of dental caries in vivo.By employing a molecular dynamics simulation analysis,we conclude that the mutation of Arg68 disrupts the conformation change necessary for SmFtsZ polymerization under acidic conditions.Our study proposes a novel mechanism to maintain FtsZ function in bacteria and could be a potential target for antimicrobial drugs to inhibit the growth of S.mutans in acidic environments.
基金Supported by Key Project of Jiangsu Education Science Planning"Research on the Structural Adjustment of Higher Education in Jiangsu in the Context of High-Quality Economic Development"(B/2021/01/67).
文摘In the context of the coordinated pursuit of"carbon peak and neutrality"objectives,alongside the strategy to establish a robust agricultural nation,the economic and social development of rural areas is undergoing a profound paradigm shift.The traditional rural division of labor pattern,which depends on tangible factors such as land,labor,and capital,has increasingly encountered developmental challenges characterized by diminishing marginal returns and a detrimental cycle of internal competition.The new quality productive force,centered on data,algorithms,green technologies,bioengineering,and clean energy,offers a potential pathway for the rural division of labor system to overcome the"low-level equilibrium".This force is characterized by attributes such as non-exclusivity,replicability,network collaboration,and ecological compatibility.This paper develops a three-dimensional collaborative analytical framework encompassing"technology,institution,and culture".It systematically elucidates the internal logic by which new quality productive forces drive the transformation of the rural division of labor from"quantitative factor matching"to"qualitative structural reorganization"through three principal mechanisms:technology embedding,institutional reconstruction,and cultural coupling.Furthermore,the study proposes corresponding policy recommendations,thereby offering theoretical insights to support the modernization of China s agriculture and rural areas,as well as the development of a strong agricultural country.
文摘In the past few decades,China's foreign trade,leveraging its comprehensive industrial system,resilient supply chain,and factor cost advantages,has steadily constructed a global division of labor pattern as the“world's factory”.
基金funded in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB0905900)in part by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(SGCC)The Key Technologies for Electric Internet of Things(SGTJDK00DWJS2100223).
文摘Fast and accurate transient stability analysis is crucial to power system operation.With high penetration level of wind power resources,practical dynamic security region(PDSR)with hyper plane expression has outstanding advantages in situational awareness and series of optimization problems.The precondition of obtaining accurate PDSR boundary is to locate sufficient points around the boundary(critical points).Therefore,this paper proposes a space division and Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gra-dient penalty(WGAN-GP)based fast generation method of PDSR boundary.First,the typical differential topological characterizations of dynamic security region(DSR)provide strong theoretical foundation that the interior of DSR is hole-free and the boundaries of DSR are tight and knot-free.Then,the space division method is proposed to calculate critical operation area where the PDSR boundary is located,tremen-dously compressing the search space to locate critical points and improving the confidence level of boundary fitting result.Furthermore,the WGAN-GP model is utilized to fast obtain large number of criti-cal points based on learning the data distribution of the small training set aforementioned.Finally,the PDSR boundary with hyperplanes is fitted by the least square method.The case study is tested on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers(IEEE)39-bus system and the results verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
文摘Sixth Generation(6G)mobile communication networks will involve sensing as a new function,with the overwhelming trend of Integrated Sensing And Communications(ISAC).Although expanding the serving range of the networks,there exists performance trade-offbetween communication and sensing,in that they have competitions on the physical resources.Different resource allocation schemes will result in different sensing and communication performance,thus influencing the system’s overall performance.Therefore,how to model the system’s overall performance,and how to optimize it are key issues for ISAC.Relying on the large-scale deployment of the networks,cooperative ISAC has the advantages of wider coverage,more robust performance and good compatibility of multiple monostatic and multistatic sensing,compared to the non-cooperative ISAC.How to capture the performance gain of cooperation is a key issue for cooperative ISAC.To address the aforementioned vital problems,in this paper,we analyze the sensing accuracy gain,propose a unified ISAC performance evaluation framework and design several optimization methods in cooperative ISAC systems.The cooperative sensing accuracy gain is theoretically analyzed via Cramér Rao lower bound.The unified ISAC performance evaluation model is established by converting the communication mutual information to the effective minimum mean squared error.To optimize the unified ISAC performance,we design the optimization algorithms considering three factors:base stations’working modes,power allocation schemes and waveform design.Through simulations,we show the performance gain of the cooperative ISAC system and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization methods.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(General Program,NO.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0884)Discipline Teaching Special Project of Yangtze Normal University(csxkjx14)。
文摘In this paper,we prove that Euclid's algorithm,Bezout's equation and Divi-sion algorithm are equivalent to each other.Our result shows that Euclid has preliminarily established the theory of divisibility and the greatest common divisor.We further provided several suggestions for teaching.
文摘In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2800201)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB43000000)。
文摘A 16-channel arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)with an 800 GHz channel spacing in the O-band has been developed and fabricated based on silica planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology.By extending the wave⁃length allocation from 8 channels to 16 channels as specified in IEEE 802.3bs,we increased the number of chan⁃nels and boosted transmission capacity to meet the 1.6 Tbps and higher-speed signal transmission requirements for future data centers.Through optimizing the AWG structure,it has achieved insertion loss(IL)better than-1.61 dB,loss uniformity below 0.35 dB,polarization-dependent loss(PDL)below 0.35 dB,adjacent channel cross⁃talk under-20.05 dB,ripple less than 0.75 dB,center wavelength offset under 0.22 nm and 1 dB bandwidth ex⁃ceeding 2.88 nm.The AWG has been successfully measured to transmit 53 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modu⁃lation(PAM4)signal per channel and the total transmission speed can reach over 1.6 Tbps.
文摘2024 is a“super election year”with the biggest influence in the world since World War II.About 80 countries covering about 60%of the world's population hold national elections.The number and scale of elections are rare in history.The processes and results of many countries'elections are so dramatic,with a series of exchanges,offenses and defenses,which further highlights the trend of intensified political confrontation and social division around the world.
文摘The electric vehicle industry has become one of the fastest-growing areas of China-CEEC cooperation in recent years.It has become a new engine for promoting bilateral economic and trade cooperation.The electric vehicle industrial chain features an extensive and refined division of labor,and its complexity and specialization surpass that of traditional fuel vehicles.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(Grant AB24010157)Research Project of the Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Bureau(Grants G202206012 and G202206012-2)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 32471878,62373081,U2330206,U2230206 and 62173068)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grants 2024NSFSC1483,2024ZYD0156,2023NSFC1962 and DQ202412).
文摘Machine learning has emerged as a key approach in wildfire risk prediction research.However,in practical applications,the scarcity of data for specific regions often hindersmodel performance,with models trained on region-specific data struggling to generalize due to differences in data distributions.While traditional methods based on expert knowledge tend to generalize better across regions,they are limited in leveragingmulti-source data effectively,resulting in suboptimal predictive accuracy.This paper addresses this challenge by exploring how accumulated domain expertise in wildfire prediction can reduce model reliance on large volumes of high-quality data.An active learning algorithm is proposed based on XGBoost for wildfire risk assessment that autonomously identifies low-confidence predictions and seeks re-labeling through a human-in-the-loop or physics-based correction approach.This corrected data is reintegrated into the model,effectively preventing catastrophic forgetting.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed human-in-the-loop approach significantly enhances labeling accuracy,predictive performance,and preserves the model's ability to generalize.These findings highlight the value of incorporating human expertise into machine learningmodels,offering a practical solution tomitigate data quality challenges and improvemodel reliability in wildfire risk prediction.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62071191
文摘Codebooks have been indispensable for wireless communication standard since the first release of the Long-Term Evolution in 2009.They offer an efficient way to acquire the channel state information(CSI)for multiple antenna systems.Nowadays,a codebook is not limited to a set of pre-defined precoders,it refers to a CSI feedback framework,which is more and more sophisticated.In this paper,we review the codebooks in 5G New Radio(NR)standards.The codebook timeline and the evolution trend are shown.Each codebook is elaborated with its motivation,the corresponding feedback mechanism,and the format of the precoding matrix indicator.Some insights are given to help grasp the underlying reasons and intuitions of these codebooks.Finally,we point out some unresolved challenges of the codebooks for future evolution of the standards.In general,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the codebooks in 5G NR and aims to help researchers understand the CSI feedback schemes from a standard and industrial perspective.
基金supported by the Nanjing Medical Science and Technology Development Project,China(Project No.:YKK23221)Open Project of Immune Cell Translational Research Center of Jiangning Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,China(Project No.:JNYYZXKY202216)+1 种基金General Project of Medical Education Collaborative Innovation Fund of Jiangsu University,China(Project No.:JDYY2023094)China Red Cross Foundation Medical Empowerment Charity Special Fund Project(Project No.:CRCF-YXFN-202302028).
文摘Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is a common respiratory emergency,but current clinical treatment remains at the level of symptomatic support and there is a lack of effective targeted treatment measures.Our previous study confirmed that inhalation of hydrogen gas can reduce the acute lung injury of ARDS,but the application of hydrogen has flammable and explosive safety concerns.Drinking hydrogen-rich liquid or inhaling hydrogen gas has been shown to play an important role in scavenging reactive oxygen species and maintaining mitochondrial quality control balance,thus improving ARDS in patients and animal models.Coral calcium hydrogenation(CCH)is a new solid molecular hydrogen carrier prepared from coral calcium(CC).Whether and how CCH affects acute lung injury in ARDS remains unstudied.In this study,we observed the therapeutic effect of CCH on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced acute lung injury in ARDS mice.The survival rate of mice treated with CCH and hydrogen inhalation was found to be comparable,demonstrating a significant improvement compared to the untreated ARDS model group.CCH treatment significantly reduced pulmonary hemorrhage and edema,and improved pulmonary function and local microcirculation in ARDS mice.CCH promoted mitochondrial peripheral division in the early course of ARDS by activating mitochondrial thioredoxin 2(Trx2),improved lung mitochondrial dysfunction induced by LPS,and reduced oxidative stress damage.The results indicate that CCH is a highly efficient hydrogen-rich agent that can attenuate acute lung injury of ARDS by improving the mitochondrial function through Trx2 activation.
文摘This article investigates the time-varying output group formation tracking control(GFTC)problem for heterogeneous multi-agent systems(HMASs)under switching topologies.The objective is to design a distributed control strategy that enables the outputs of the followers to form the desired sub-formations and track the outputs of the leader in each subgroup.Firstly,novel distributed observers are developed to estimate the states of the leaders under switching topologies.Then,GFTC protocols are designed based on the proposed observers.It is shown that with the distributed protocol,the GFTC problem for HMASs under switching topologies is solved if the average dwell time associated with the switching topologies is larger than a fixed threshold.Finally,an example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
基金supported by National Technology System for Grape Industry(Grant No.CARS-29-zp-9)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD1200200)Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province(Grant No.CX20230701)。
文摘Southern China has high temperatures and receives concentrated rainfall;therefore,the two-crop-a-year cultivation system has been applied to grape production so as to resolve the problem of relative seasonal surplus of grape yield.However,a common issue associated with this technique is the tendency of the second season fruits to be smaller than the first season fruits.We here used the first and second season fruits of‘Summer Black'at different ripening stages as research materials.Phenotypic and histological analyses revealed fewer cell number occurring between 7 and 14 days post anthesis(DPA)in the second season fruits,which ultimately resulted in a smaller fruit size compared with the first season fruits.To unravel the mechanism underlying this phenomenon,first and second season fruits of four time periods(7,14,21,and 28 DPA)were selected for RNA-seq analysis.This analysis identified 10431 differentially expressed genes(DEGs).These DEGs were classified into 9 clusters through GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.Then the time-ordered gene co-expression network(TO-GCN)analysis with the breadth-first search algorithm showed that DEGs in the GCN were divided into 8 levels.The DEGs of early berry development(L1-L3)were enriched in heat stress-and cell division-related pathways.The field investigation of effective accumulated temperature confirmed that the growth and development of the second season fruits were subjected to high temperature stress during 7-14 DPA.Moreover,based on the results of interactive analysis of TO-GCN and transcriptional regulation prediction of L1-L3 genes,we constructed a unique hierarchical regulatory network for the heat stress regulation of berry size.The expression level of 5 candidate genes was verified through qRT-PCR.Vitvi10g00469(HSFB2A),Vitvi16g00982(HSFB2A),Vitvi02g00387(HSFB2B),Vitvi15g01542(NTL9),and Vitvi06g00592(DIVARICATA)were upregulated in 7-14 DPA,whereas Vitvi18g00777(HSFB4)was downregulated in 7 DPA.These results suggest that during intense cell division,heat stress might act as a major factor causing a reduction in cell number,thereby ultimately resulting in the smaller size of the second season fruits.
基金support from the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12474199)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China(Grant No.20720240144),and 111 Project(B16029).
文摘Cell division is a fundamental biological process in which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells.The cell cortex,a thin layer primarily composed of actin filaments and myosin motors beneath the plasma membrane,plays a critical role in ensuring proper cell division.In this study,we apply a hydrodynamic model to describe the actin cortex as an active nematic surface,incorporating orientational order arising from actin filament alignment and anisotropic active stress produced by myosin motors.By analyzing the linearized dynamics,we investigate how shape,flow,and stress regulators evolve over time when the surface deviates slightly from a sphere.Our findings reveal that the active alignment of actin filaments,often overlooked in previous studies,is crucial for successful division.Furthermore,we demonstrate that a cortical chiral flow naturally emerges as a consequence of this active alignment.Overall,our results provide a mechanistic explanation for key phenomena observed during cell division,offering new insights into the role of active stress and filament alignment in cortical dynamics.
文摘The lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, with its core advantages such as high space utilization, modular and flexible layout, and intelligent operation, has become an efficient solution to alleviate the urban parking problem. However, existing research still lacks a systematic evaluation of its structural performance, particularly in areas such as the fatigue characteristics of steel frame materials, stress distribution under dynamic loads, and resonance risk analysis. The stress amplitude (S) and fatigue life (N) relationship curve of Q235 steel, the material used in the steel frame of the lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, was obtained through fatigue testing methods. The finite element simulation model of the steel frame structure of the lift-and-transverse type parking equipment was established using ABAQUS simulation software. Through static simulation analysis, the deformation and stress distribution under various operating conditions, including full load, partial load, and no load, was obtained. The fatigue life under full load and partial load was determined through FE-Safe fatigue analysis. Modal analysis was conducted to get the natural frequencies of the steel frame structure at various modes, which were compared with the operating frequency of the equipment to avoid resonance. This paper examines the evaluation methods for the structural performance of lift-and-transverse type parking equipment, providing a reliable research basis for the design and fatigue life analysis of this specialized structure.
文摘Using data from the 2022 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this study selects 11,375 dual-spouse households as the research sample and constructs a comprehensive housework division index via the entropy weight method.The index integrates four dimensions:participation subject,time allocation,content type,and fairness perception,aiming to explore the fairness level of housework division and group differences in Chinese households.The results show that the overall fairness of housework division in Chinese households is relatively low:the mean value of the index(after 10,000-fold linear expansion)is 0.0632,showing a significant right-skewed distribution,with most households concentrated in the"low-fairness"range and only a few achieving relatively balanced division.Significant group differences exist:rural households have a slightly higher housework division index(0.0659)than urban households(0.0608);male respondents have a higher index(0.0660)than female respondents(0.0603);and the high-education group has a significantly lower index(0.0501)than the low-education group(0.0653).The fairness of housework division is jointly influenced by structural factors and perceptual factors,with an obvious"concept-action gap":74.02%of respondents perceive housework division as"fair",but the low index level indicates this perception mostly stems from normative adaptation rather than objective balance.This study provides empirical evidence for optimizing family labor allocation and promoting gender equality.
