In this paper, a bivariate stochastic process with Poisson postulates has been considered to model the incomings, outgoings and mutual transfers of investments between and within the portfolios during an epoch of time...In this paper, a bivariate stochastic process with Poisson postulates has been considered to model the incomings, outgoings and mutual transfers of investments between and within the portfolios during an epoch of time “t”. Stochastic differential equations were obtained from the simple differential difference equations during the epoch of time “Δt”. The notion of bivariate linear birth, death and migration process has been utilized for measuring various statistical characteristics among the investments of Long and Short terms. All possible fluctuations in the investment flow have been considered to explore more meaningful assumptions with contemporary marketing environments. Mathematical relations for proposed statistical measures such as average sizes and variances of short term and long-term investments along with the correlation coefficient between them are derived after obtaining the related differential equations. Numerical illustrations were provided for better understanding of the developed models with practitioner’s point of view.展开更多
Origin and diversification of the Tibetan polyploid cyprinids(schizothoracins) may help us to explore relationships between diversification of the cyprinids and the Tibetan Plateau uplift. Cyprininae phylogeny was ana...Origin and diversification of the Tibetan polyploid cyprinids(schizothoracins) may help us to explore relationships between diversification of the cyprinids and the Tibetan Plateau uplift. Cyprininae phylogeny was analyzed using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences to trace origins of polyploidy and diversifications of schizothoracins. Ancestral states reconstruction for ploidy levels indicated that the Cyprininae was diploid origin and the schizothoracin clades tetraploid origins. There were two diversification rate shifts along with diversification of the cyprinine fishes in response to the Tibetan uplift. The unusual diversification shifts were located to branches subtending the clades of Tibetan polyploid cyprinids. Our analyses suggested that(i) phylogeny of Cyprininae recovered two independent origins of the Tibetan polyploidy schizothoracins;(ii) diversifications of the schizothoracins were closely related to the Neogene uplift of the Tibetan plateau in the following ways: the relatively ancient Late Oligocene-Middle Miocene adaptive radiation may be associated with the uplift of the southern Tibet and Himalaya; the Middle Miocene-Early Pleistocene lineage-specific diversification broadly coincident with major phase of the Neogene Tibetan uplift; and the most recent Pleistocene diversification shift in Schizothorax closely coincident with the successive Kunlun-Huanghe and Gonghe movements of the Tibetan uplift and the glaciation-induced climate oscillations on the plateau.展开更多
Whole genome duplication, a prevalent force of evolution in plants, results in massive genome restructuring in different organisms. Roles of the resultant duplicated genes are poorly understood both functionally and e...Whole genome duplication, a prevalent force of evolution in plants, results in massive genome restructuring in different organisms. Roles of the resultant duplicated genes are poorly understood both functionally and evolutionarily. In the present study, differentially expressed ethylene responsive factors(GhERF1 s), anchored on Chr-A07 and Chr-D07 were isolated from a high-yielding cotton hybrid(XZM2)and its parents. The GhERF1 was located in the B3 subgroup of the ethylene responsive factors subfamily involved in conferring tolerance to abiotic stress Nucleotide sequence analysis of 524 diverse accessions together with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, elucidated that de-functionalization of GhERF1-7 A occurred due to one base insertion following formation of the allotetraploid cotton. Our quantitative trait loci and association mapping analyses highlighted a role for GhERF1-7 A in conferring high boll number per plant in modern cotton cultivars. Overexpression of GhERF1-7 A in transgenic Arabidopsis resulted in a substantial increase in the number of siliques and total seed yield. Neo-functionalization of GhERF1-7 A was also observed in modern cultivars rather than in races and/or landraces, further supporting its role in the development of high-yielding cotton cultivars. Both de-and neofunctionalization occurred in one of the duplicate genes,thus providing new genomic insight into the evolution of allotetraploid cotton species.展开更多
The Alectoris (Galliformes: Phasianidae) has a wide distribution range in the Palearctic region, with seven species and 27–31 subspecies that were distinguishable by minor morphological differences. The members of th...The Alectoris (Galliformes: Phasianidae) has a wide distribution range in the Palearctic region, with seven species and 27–31 subspecies that were distinguishable by minor morphological differences. The members of the genus exhibit distinct genetic structuring compatible with geography due to their inability to make long flights and ground-dwelling behaviors. In this respect, the evolutionary history of the genus and its populations is a useful tool for identifying potential cryptic refugia, dispersal corridors, and strong barriers for bird species in the Palearctic region. On the other hand, wild populations of the genus are among the bird species most affected by human activities. For this purpose, sequences from the mitochondrial D-loop and Cyt-b regions of individuals from the genus Alectoris were studied to identify the evolutionary history of the genus, determine potential cryptic species, and reveal possible hidden diversification areas in the Palearctic region. The results indicated that: the Mediterranean basin is the ancestral area of the Alectoris, there are two main diversification centers within its distribution range (Mediterranean Basin and China) of the genus, and certain micro-refugia and permanent dispersal corridors have been observed in Eastern Palaearctic region. Additionally, the results showed that the Pleistocene climatic changes acted as a species pump, playing a significant role in the diversification of lineages within the genus. Anatolia served as the ancestral area for the A. chukar and acted as a bridgehead during the species' dispersal in the inner side of the Eastern Palaearctic. High mountain ranges, monsoonal climate types, and deserts in the Eastern Palearctic played a significant role in the dispersal and diversification of the ancestral A. chukar population. Importantly, human activities appear to be the greatest evolutionary force shaping the future evolution of the genus.展开更多
The Cross-domain Heuristic Search Challenge(CHeSC)is a competition focused on creating efficient search algorithms adaptable to diverse problem domains.Selection hyper-heuristics are a class of algorithms that dynamic...The Cross-domain Heuristic Search Challenge(CHeSC)is a competition focused on creating efficient search algorithms adaptable to diverse problem domains.Selection hyper-heuristics are a class of algorithms that dynamically choose heuristics during the search process.Numerous selection hyper-heuristics have different imple-mentation strategies.However,comparisons between them are lacking in the literature,and previous works have not highlighted the beneficial and detrimental implementation methods of different components.The question is how to effectively employ them to produce an efficient search heuristic.Furthermore,the algorithms that competed in the inaugural CHeSC have not been collectively reviewed.This work conducts a review analysis of the top twenty competitors from this competition to identify effective and ineffective strategies influencing algorithmic performance.A summary of the main characteristics and classification of the algorithms is presented.The analysis underlines efficient and inefficient methods in eight key components,including search points,search phases,heuristic selection,move acceptance,feedback,Tabu mechanism,restart mechanism,and low-level heuristic parameter control.This review analyzes the components referencing the competition’s final leaderboard and discusses future research directions for these components.The effective approaches,identified as having the highest quality index,are mixed search point,iterated search phases,relay hybridization selection,threshold acceptance,mixed learning,Tabu heuristics,stochastic restart,and dynamic parameters.Findings are also compared with recent trends in hyper-heuristics.This work enhances the understanding of selection hyper-heuristics,offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to develop effective search algorithms for diverse problem domains.展开更多
The ancient Neo-Tethyan region underwent profound tectonic transformations,including the orogenesis of the Xizang Plateau and the westward retreat and ultimate closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean.These events significant...The ancient Neo-Tethyan region underwent profound tectonic transformations,including the orogenesis of the Xizang Plateau and the westward retreat and ultimate closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean.These events significantly influenced the diversification and biogeography of aquatic animals.However,the impact of these large-scale sea-land shifts on the long-range evolutionary history of terrestrial fauna remains unclear.This study investigated how geological changes in the Neo-Tethyan region shaped the evolutionary trajectories and dispersal patterns of Pholcus sensu lato cellar spiders across the Old World.Molecular dating,ancestral area reconstructions,and diversity analyses were conducted using sequences from seven genes across 234 samples representing 209 species.Results indicated that these spiders originated in the eastern Neo-Tethyan region during the Early Eocene,with their subsequent diversification driven by a series of concomitant geological events.The Eurasian(ER)Group dispersed into Europe following the westward retreat of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean in the Early Miocene,while the African(AF)Group migrated into Africa via the Arabian Plate land bridge following the closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean in the Oligocene.The East Asian(EA)Group,which expanded along the southeastern margin of the Himalayas,experienced explosive diversification in response to sustained orogenesis at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary.These findings illustrate how large-scale geological processes and sea-land changes shaped the evolutionary history of terrestrial fauna in the Neo-Tethyan region.展开更多
Bangladesh's apparel industry needs a sharpturnaround in business diversification.With thegrowing global demand for sweaters,especiallyin European markets,the country has a goldenopportunity to excel in this high-...Bangladesh's apparel industry needs a sharpturnaround in business diversification.With thegrowing global demand for sweaters,especiallyin European markets,the country has a goldenopportunity to excel in this high-value segment.Once considered a seasonal garment,sweatershave evolved into a year-round fashion itemn,fur-ther tncreasing their market potential.展开更多
Species richness in any area results from the interplay of the processes of speciation,extinction,and dispersal.The relationships between species richness and climate should be considered as an outcome of the effects ...Species richness in any area results from the interplay of the processes of speciation,extinction,and dispersal.The relationships between species richness and climate should be considered as an outcome of the effects of climate on speciation,extinction,and dispersal.Diversificationrate represents the balance of speciation and extinction rates over time.Here,I explore diversificationrates in mosses across geographic and climatic gradients worldwide.Specifically,I investigate latitudinal patterns and climatic associations of the mean diversificationrate of mosses at global,hemispheric,and smaller scales.I findthat the mean diversificationrate of mosses is positively correlated with species richness of mosses,increases with decreasing latitude and increasing mean annual temperature and annual precipitation,and is more strongly associated with mean annual temperature than with annual precipitation.These findingsshed light on variation of species richness in mosses across the world.The negative relationship between species richness and latitude and the positive relationship between species richness and mean diversificationrate in mosses suggest that higher moss species richness at lower latitudes might have resulted,at least to some degree,from higher moss diversificationrates at lower latitudes.展开更多
China’s strategic investments are paving the way for Burundi’s growth and modernisation As Burundi seeks to modernise its economy,diversify exports,and strengthen industrial capabilities,its cooperation with China h...China’s strategic investments are paving the way for Burundi’s growth and modernisation As Burundi seeks to modernise its economy,diversify exports,and strengthen industrial capabilities,its cooperation with China has become increasingly important.展开更多
Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in the 1990s,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly and continuously.Since 2013,the scale of trade b...Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in the 1990s,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly and continuously.Since 2013,the scale of trade between the two countries has expanded year on year,and investment has broadened from traditional agriculture and industry to the digital economy and financial insurance,which has effectively promoted industrial development in both countries.More infrastructure cooperation has significantly improved the development environment in Indonesia,producing tangible benefits for the local people.Different types of special economic zones have facilitated breakthrough development for Indonesian industries while creating employment opportunities for local residents and driving local economic development.展开更多
China will step up market diversification and reduce reliance on the United States market,as Washington’s volatile tariff policy has become a major source of global economic uncertainty,officials and exporters said r...China will step up market diversification and reduce reliance on the United States market,as Washington’s volatile tariff policy has become a major source of global economic uncertainty,officials and exporters said recently.展开更多
Global challenges,including resource inefficiency,rising food demand,sustainability concerns,and climate change,necessitate more efficient and resilient agricultural systems.Conservation agriculture(CA),which is based...Global challenges,including resource inefficiency,rising food demand,sustainability concerns,and climate change,necessitate more efficient and resilient agricultural systems.Conservation agriculture(CA),which is based on the principles of the minimum mechanical soil disturbance,permanent soil organic cover,and species diversification,provides a promising solution.This study examined the principles and mechanisms of CA,assessed its benefits and constraints,and identified key research gaps.This study focused on CA outcomes related to soil health,biodiversity,productivity,and ecosystem services,considering factors such as climate,soil type,and management practices.CA has demonstrated the potential to improve soil health,enhance biodiversity,and boost productivity across diverse regions.However,its effectiveness has been found to vary across studies,emphasizing the need for a more critical understanding of its benefits and limitations.Moreover,variations in outcomes are evident due to differences in experimental methodologies,environmental conditions,and socioeconomic factors.For the widespread adoption of CA practices,it is necessary to make personalized adjustments to it,integrating the corresponding technologies,thereby meeting the needs of farmers.Interdisciplinary research is crucial to refining CA practices and addressing existing knowledge gaps.This study is practiced to enhance the understanding of the potential of CA to promote a sustainable global food production system.展开更多
Here,we infer the historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of the genus Lilium.For this purpose,we used the complete plastomes of 64 currently accepted species in the genus Lilium(14plastomes were newl...Here,we infer the historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of the genus Lilium.For this purpose,we used the complete plastomes of 64 currently accepted species in the genus Lilium(14plastomes were newly sequenced)to recover the phylogenetic backbone of the genus and a timecalibrated phylogenetic framework to estimate biogeographical history scenarios and evolutionary diversification rates of Lilium.Our results suggest that ancient climatic changes and geological tectonic activities jointly shaped the distribution range and drove evolutionary radiation of Lilium,including the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum(MMCO),the late Miocene global cooling,as well as the successive uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)and the strengthening of the monsoon climate in East Asia during the late Miocene and the Pliocene.This case study suggests that the unique geological and climatic events in the Neogene of East Asia,in particular the uplift of QTP and the enhancement of monsoonal climate,may have played an essential role in formation of uneven distribution of plant diversity in the Northern Hemisphere.展开更多
文摘In this paper, a bivariate stochastic process with Poisson postulates has been considered to model the incomings, outgoings and mutual transfers of investments between and within the portfolios during an epoch of time “t”. Stochastic differential equations were obtained from the simple differential difference equations during the epoch of time “Δt”. The notion of bivariate linear birth, death and migration process has been utilized for measuring various statistical characteristics among the investments of Long and Short terms. All possible fluctuations in the investment flow have been considered to explore more meaningful assumptions with contemporary marketing environments. Mathematical relations for proposed statistical measures such as average sizes and variances of short term and long-term investments along with the correlation coefficient between them are derived after obtaining the related differential equations. Numerical illustrations were provided for better understanding of the developed models with practitioner’s point of view.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272290)
文摘Origin and diversification of the Tibetan polyploid cyprinids(schizothoracins) may help us to explore relationships between diversification of the cyprinids and the Tibetan Plateau uplift. Cyprininae phylogeny was analyzed using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences to trace origins of polyploidy and diversifications of schizothoracins. Ancestral states reconstruction for ploidy levels indicated that the Cyprininae was diploid origin and the schizothoracin clades tetraploid origins. There were two diversification rate shifts along with diversification of the cyprinine fishes in response to the Tibetan uplift. The unusual diversification shifts were located to branches subtending the clades of Tibetan polyploid cyprinids. Our analyses suggested that(i) phylogeny of Cyprininae recovered two independent origins of the Tibetan polyploidy schizothoracins;(ii) diversifications of the schizothoracins were closely related to the Neogene uplift of the Tibetan plateau in the following ways: the relatively ancient Late Oligocene-Middle Miocene adaptive radiation may be associated with the uplift of the southern Tibet and Himalaya; the Middle Miocene-Early Pleistocene lineage-specific diversification broadly coincident with major phase of the Neogene Tibetan uplift; and the most recent Pleistocene diversification shift in Schizothorax closely coincident with the successive Kunlun-Huanghe and Gonghe movements of the Tibetan uplift and the glaciation-induced climate oscillations on the plateau.
基金?nancially supported, in part, by grants from NSFC (31330058)National Key R & D Program for Crop Breeding in China (2016YFD0100203)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, the 111 project (B08025)the JCIC-MCP project
文摘Whole genome duplication, a prevalent force of evolution in plants, results in massive genome restructuring in different organisms. Roles of the resultant duplicated genes are poorly understood both functionally and evolutionarily. In the present study, differentially expressed ethylene responsive factors(GhERF1 s), anchored on Chr-A07 and Chr-D07 were isolated from a high-yielding cotton hybrid(XZM2)and its parents. The GhERF1 was located in the B3 subgroup of the ethylene responsive factors subfamily involved in conferring tolerance to abiotic stress Nucleotide sequence analysis of 524 diverse accessions together with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, elucidated that de-functionalization of GhERF1-7 A occurred due to one base insertion following formation of the allotetraploid cotton. Our quantitative trait loci and association mapping analyses highlighted a role for GhERF1-7 A in conferring high boll number per plant in modern cotton cultivars. Overexpression of GhERF1-7 A in transgenic Arabidopsis resulted in a substantial increase in the number of siliques and total seed yield. Neo-functionalization of GhERF1-7 A was also observed in modern cultivars rather than in races and/or landraces, further supporting its role in the development of high-yielding cotton cultivars. Both de-and neofunctionalization occurred in one of the duplicate genes,thus providing new genomic insight into the evolution of allotetraploid cotton species.
基金upported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(TUBITAK)under the Grant Number 116Z326Akdeniz University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under project No.FDK-2017-3022.
文摘The Alectoris (Galliformes: Phasianidae) has a wide distribution range in the Palearctic region, with seven species and 27–31 subspecies that were distinguishable by minor morphological differences. The members of the genus exhibit distinct genetic structuring compatible with geography due to their inability to make long flights and ground-dwelling behaviors. In this respect, the evolutionary history of the genus and its populations is a useful tool for identifying potential cryptic refugia, dispersal corridors, and strong barriers for bird species in the Palearctic region. On the other hand, wild populations of the genus are among the bird species most affected by human activities. For this purpose, sequences from the mitochondrial D-loop and Cyt-b regions of individuals from the genus Alectoris were studied to identify the evolutionary history of the genus, determine potential cryptic species, and reveal possible hidden diversification areas in the Palearctic region. The results indicated that: the Mediterranean basin is the ancestral area of the Alectoris, there are two main diversification centers within its distribution range (Mediterranean Basin and China) of the genus, and certain micro-refugia and permanent dispersal corridors have been observed in Eastern Palaearctic region. Additionally, the results showed that the Pleistocene climatic changes acted as a species pump, playing a significant role in the diversification of lineages within the genus. Anatolia served as the ancestral area for the A. chukar and acted as a bridgehead during the species' dispersal in the inner side of the Eastern Palaearctic. High mountain ranges, monsoonal climate types, and deserts in the Eastern Palearctic played a significant role in the dispersal and diversification of the ancestral A. chukar population. Importantly, human activities appear to be the greatest evolutionary force shaping the future evolution of the genus.
基金funded by Ministry of Higher Education(MoHE)Malaysia,under Transdisciplinary Research Grant Scheme(TRGS/1/2019/UKM/01/4/2).
文摘The Cross-domain Heuristic Search Challenge(CHeSC)is a competition focused on creating efficient search algorithms adaptable to diverse problem domains.Selection hyper-heuristics are a class of algorithms that dynamically choose heuristics during the search process.Numerous selection hyper-heuristics have different imple-mentation strategies.However,comparisons between them are lacking in the literature,and previous works have not highlighted the beneficial and detrimental implementation methods of different components.The question is how to effectively employ them to produce an efficient search heuristic.Furthermore,the algorithms that competed in the inaugural CHeSC have not been collectively reviewed.This work conducts a review analysis of the top twenty competitors from this competition to identify effective and ineffective strategies influencing algorithmic performance.A summary of the main characteristics and classification of the algorithms is presented.The analysis underlines efficient and inefficient methods in eight key components,including search points,search phases,heuristic selection,move acceptance,feedback,Tabu mechanism,restart mechanism,and low-level heuristic parameter control.This review analyzes the components referencing the competition’s final leaderboard and discusses future research directions for these components.The effective approaches,identified as having the highest quality index,are mixed search point,iterated search phases,relay hybridization selection,threshold acceptance,mixed learning,Tabu heuristics,stochastic restart,and dynamic parameters.Findings are also compared with recent trends in hyper-heuristics.This work enhances the understanding of selection hyper-heuristics,offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to develop effective search algorithms for diverse problem domains.
基金supported by the Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China(2023FY100200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC-32430015,32170461,31872193)。
文摘The ancient Neo-Tethyan region underwent profound tectonic transformations,including the orogenesis of the Xizang Plateau and the westward retreat and ultimate closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean.These events significantly influenced the diversification and biogeography of aquatic animals.However,the impact of these large-scale sea-land shifts on the long-range evolutionary history of terrestrial fauna remains unclear.This study investigated how geological changes in the Neo-Tethyan region shaped the evolutionary trajectories and dispersal patterns of Pholcus sensu lato cellar spiders across the Old World.Molecular dating,ancestral area reconstructions,and diversity analyses were conducted using sequences from seven genes across 234 samples representing 209 species.Results indicated that these spiders originated in the eastern Neo-Tethyan region during the Early Eocene,with their subsequent diversification driven by a series of concomitant geological events.The Eurasian(ER)Group dispersed into Europe following the westward retreat of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean in the Early Miocene,while the African(AF)Group migrated into Africa via the Arabian Plate land bridge following the closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean in the Oligocene.The East Asian(EA)Group,which expanded along the southeastern margin of the Himalayas,experienced explosive diversification in response to sustained orogenesis at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary.These findings illustrate how large-scale geological processes and sea-land changes shaped the evolutionary history of terrestrial fauna in the Neo-Tethyan region.
文摘Bangladesh's apparel industry needs a sharpturnaround in business diversification.With thegrowing global demand for sweaters,especiallyin European markets,the country has a goldenopportunity to excel in this high-value segment.Once considered a seasonal garment,sweatershave evolved into a year-round fashion itemn,fur-ther tncreasing their market potential.
文摘Species richness in any area results from the interplay of the processes of speciation,extinction,and dispersal.The relationships between species richness and climate should be considered as an outcome of the effects of climate on speciation,extinction,and dispersal.Diversificationrate represents the balance of speciation and extinction rates over time.Here,I explore diversificationrates in mosses across geographic and climatic gradients worldwide.Specifically,I investigate latitudinal patterns and climatic associations of the mean diversificationrate of mosses at global,hemispheric,and smaller scales.I findthat the mean diversificationrate of mosses is positively correlated with species richness of mosses,increases with decreasing latitude and increasing mean annual temperature and annual precipitation,and is more strongly associated with mean annual temperature than with annual precipitation.These findingsshed light on variation of species richness in mosses across the world.The negative relationship between species richness and latitude and the positive relationship between species richness and mean diversificationrate in mosses suggest that higher moss species richness at lower latitudes might have resulted,at least to some degree,from higher moss diversificationrates at lower latitudes.
文摘China’s strategic investments are paving the way for Burundi’s growth and modernisation As Burundi seeks to modernise its economy,diversify exports,and strengthen industrial capabilities,its cooperation with China has become increasingly important.
文摘Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in the 1990s,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly and continuously.Since 2013,the scale of trade between the two countries has expanded year on year,and investment has broadened from traditional agriculture and industry to the digital economy and financial insurance,which has effectively promoted industrial development in both countries.More infrastructure cooperation has significantly improved the development environment in Indonesia,producing tangible benefits for the local people.Different types of special economic zones have facilitated breakthrough development for Indonesian industries while creating employment opportunities for local residents and driving local economic development.
文摘China will step up market diversification and reduce reliance on the United States market,as Washington’s volatile tariff policy has become a major source of global economic uncertainty,officials and exporters said recently.
文摘Global challenges,including resource inefficiency,rising food demand,sustainability concerns,and climate change,necessitate more efficient and resilient agricultural systems.Conservation agriculture(CA),which is based on the principles of the minimum mechanical soil disturbance,permanent soil organic cover,and species diversification,provides a promising solution.This study examined the principles and mechanisms of CA,assessed its benefits and constraints,and identified key research gaps.This study focused on CA outcomes related to soil health,biodiversity,productivity,and ecosystem services,considering factors such as climate,soil type,and management practices.CA has demonstrated the potential to improve soil health,enhance biodiversity,and boost productivity across diverse regions.However,its effectiveness has been found to vary across studies,emphasizing the need for a more critical understanding of its benefits and limitations.Moreover,variations in outcomes are evident due to differences in experimental methodologies,environmental conditions,and socioeconomic factors.For the widespread adoption of CA practices,it is necessary to make personalized adjustments to it,integrating the corresponding technologies,thereby meeting the needs of farmers.Interdisciplinary research is crucial to refining CA practices and addressing existing knowledge gaps.This study is practiced to enhance the understanding of the potential of CA to promote a sustainable global food production system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872673)Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program“Top Team”Project(202305AT350001)the NSFC-Joint Foundation of Yunnan Province(U1802287)。
文摘Here,we infer the historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of the genus Lilium.For this purpose,we used the complete plastomes of 64 currently accepted species in the genus Lilium(14plastomes were newly sequenced)to recover the phylogenetic backbone of the genus and a timecalibrated phylogenetic framework to estimate biogeographical history scenarios and evolutionary diversification rates of Lilium.Our results suggest that ancient climatic changes and geological tectonic activities jointly shaped the distribution range and drove evolutionary radiation of Lilium,including the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum(MMCO),the late Miocene global cooling,as well as the successive uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)and the strengthening of the monsoon climate in East Asia during the late Miocene and the Pliocene.This case study suggests that the unique geological and climatic events in the Neogene of East Asia,in particular the uplift of QTP and the enhancement of monsoonal climate,may have played an essential role in formation of uneven distribution of plant diversity in the Northern Hemisphere.
