Dear Editor,This letter deals with distributed resource allocation(DRA)over multiple interacting coalitions,where conflicts of interest may arise due to the relevance of one coalition’s decision to other coalitions’...Dear Editor,This letter deals with distributed resource allocation(DRA)over multiple interacting coalitions,where conflicts of interest may arise due to the relevance of one coalition’s decision to other coalitions’benefits.To address this challenge,a new model called intra-independent resource allocation game(IIRAG)is formulated under the framework of multi-coalition games.A new DRA algorithm is developed,which draws on techniques of variable replacement and leaderfollowing consensus.The proposed algorithm ensures linear convergence of the collective decision to the Nash equilibrium(NE)of the IIRAG,as well as satisfaction of the resource constraint throughout the iteration process.Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Wireless technology is applied increasingly in networked control systems. A new form of wireless network called wireless sensor network can bring control systems some advantages, such as flexibility and feasibility of...Wireless technology is applied increasingly in networked control systems. A new form of wireless network called wireless sensor network can bring control systems some advantages, such as flexibility and feasibility of network deployment at low costs, while it also raises some new challenges. First, the communication resources shared by all the control loops are limited. Second, the wireless and multi-hop character of sensor network makes the resources scheduling more difficult. Thus, how to effectively allocate the limited communication resources for those control loops is an important problem. In this paper, this problem is formulated as an optimal sampling frequency assignment problem, where the objective function is to maximize the utility of control systems, subject to channel capacity constraints. Then an iterative distributed algorithm based on local buffer information is proposed. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively allocate the limited communication resource in a distributed way. It can achieve the optimal quality of the control system and adapt to the network load changes.展开更多
In this paper,accelerated saddle point dynamics is proposed for distributed resource allocation over a multi-agent network,which enables a hyper-exponential convergence rate.Specifically,an inertial fast-slow dynamica...In this paper,accelerated saddle point dynamics is proposed for distributed resource allocation over a multi-agent network,which enables a hyper-exponential convergence rate.Specifically,an inertial fast-slow dynamical system with vanishing damping is introduced,based on which the distributed saddle point algorithm is designed.The dual variables are updated in two time scales,i.e.,the fast manifold and the slow manifold.In the fast manifold,the consensus of the Lagrangian multipliers and the tracking of the constraints are pursued by the consensus protocol.In the slow manifold,the updating of the Lagrangian multipliers is accelerated by inertial terms.Hyper-exponential stability is defined to characterize a faster convergence of our proposed algorithm in comparison with conventional primal-dual algorithms for distributed resource allocation.The simulation of the application in the energy dispatch problem verifies the result,which demonstrates the fast convergence of the proposed saddle point dynamics.展开更多
With the vigorous development of mobile networks,the number of devices at the network edge is growing rapidly and the massive amount of data generated by the devices brings a huge challenge of response latency and com...With the vigorous development of mobile networks,the number of devices at the network edge is growing rapidly and the massive amount of data generated by the devices brings a huge challenge of response latency and communication burden.Existing resource monitoring systems are widely deployed in cloud data centers,but it is difficult for traditional resource monitoring solutions to handle the massive data generated by thousands of edge devices.To address these challenges,we propose a super resolution sensing(SRS)method for distributed resource monitoring,which can be used to recover reliable and accurate high‑frequency data from low‑frequency sampled resource monitoring data.Experiments based on the proposed SRS model are also conducted and the experimental results show that it can effectively reduce the errors generated when recovering low‑frequency monitoring data to high‑frequency data,and verify the effectiveness and practical value of applying SRS method for resource monitoring on edge clouds.展开更多
Taking an industrial park as an example,this study aims to analyze the characteristics of a distribution network that incorporates distributed energy resources(DERs).The study begins by summarizing the key features of...Taking an industrial park as an example,this study aims to analyze the characteristics of a distribution network that incorporates distributed energy resources(DERs).The study begins by summarizing the key features of a distribution network with DERs based on recent power usage data.To predict and analyze the load growth of the industrial park,an improved back-propagation algorithm is employed.Furthermore,the study classifies users within the industrial park according to their specific power consumption and supply requirements.This user segmentation allows for the introduction of three constraints:node voltage,wire current,and capacity of DERs.By incorporating these constraints,the study constructs an optimization model for the distribution network in the industrial park,with the objective of minimizing the total operation and maintenance cost.The primary goal of these optimizations is to address the needs of DERs connected to the distribution network,while simultaneously mitigating their potential adverse impact on the network.Additionally,the study aims to enhance the overall energy efficiency of the industrial park through more efficient utilization of resources.展开更多
A computer system for human resource （HR） redistribution system is presented to solve the balance problem of the ＂surplus resources＂ and ＂surplus tasks＂ among a group of project units. The system architecture is...A computer system for human resource （HR） redistribution system is presented to solve the balance problem of the ＂surplus resources＂ and ＂surplus tasks＂ among a group of project units. The system architecture is designed in a compositional manner using the elements of agent technology and knowledge technology. A combination of generic agent models, ontology and knowledge provides an effective approach to address the dynamic, distributed and knowledge-intensive characters of the HR management. In the system, the broker agent acting as intermediary provides matchmaking services to the domain agents, and the individual domain agents communicate directly with each other. The HR ontology provides the semantic match of the surplus task and the surplus resource. Finally, an application example is presented to illustrate the achieved solution for a concrete scenario. This novel way offers a comprehensive HR exchange solution and is snitablc for both intra-organizational and inter-organizational HR management.展开更多
Cache-enabled small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach for network operators to cope with the explosive data traffic growth in future 5 G networks. However, the user association and resource allo...Cache-enabled small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach for network operators to cope with the explosive data traffic growth in future 5 G networks. However, the user association and resource allocation mechanism has not been thoroughly studied under given content placement situation. In this paper, we formulate the joint optimization problem of user association and resource allocation as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem aiming at deriving a balance between the total utility of data rates and the total data rates retrieved from caches. To solve this problem, we propose a distributed relaxing-rounding method. Simulation results demonstrate that the distributed relaxing-rounding method outperforms traditional max-SINR method and range-expansion method in terms of both total utility of data rates and total data rates retrieved from caches in practical scenarios. In addition, effects of storage and backhaul capacities on the performance are also studied.展开更多
The paradigm shift from a coal-based power system to a renewable-energy-based power system brings more challenges to the supply-demand balance of the grid.Distributed energy resources(DERs),which can provide operating...The paradigm shift from a coal-based power system to a renewable-energy-based power system brings more challenges to the supply-demand balance of the grid.Distributed energy resources(DERs),which can provide operating reserve to the grid,are regarded as a promising solution to compensate for the power fluctuation of the renewable energy resources.Small-scale DERs can be aggregated as a virtual power plant(VPP),which is eligible to bid in the operating reserve market.Since the DERs usually belong to different entities,it is important to investigate the VPP operation framework that coordinates the DERs in a trusted man-ner.In this paper,we propose a blockchain-assisted operating reserve framework for VPPs that aggregates various DERs.Considering the heterogeneity of various DERs,we propose a unified reserve capacity evaluation method to facilitate the aggregation of DERs.By considering the mismatch between actual available reserve capacity and the estimated value,the performance of VPP in the operating reserve market is improved.A hardware-based experimental system is developed,and numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.展开更多
Catering in scenic areas is an important part of tourist experiences,yet the existing research on catering resources mainly focuses on tourist satisfaction and resource development,with limited analysis on the impact ...Catering in scenic areas is an important part of tourist experiences,yet the existing research on catering resources mainly focuses on tourist satisfaction and resource development,with limited analysis on the impact of catering resources distribution on tourists’visiting willingness.Thus,based on case analysis,surveys and data analysis,this study selected Mount Tai Scenic Area as the research object to conduct an in-depth investigation on the impact of the distribution of catering resources on tourists’visiting willingness,which identified many challenges faced by the distribution of catering resources in the scenic area and their underlying causes,finding that while there were rich varieties and concentrated catering options in high-traffic areas with strong tourists’visiting willingness,significant gaps remained in locations with weak tourists’visiting willingness.Furthermore,the overall catering offerings in Mount Tai Scenic Area demonstrated a notable deficiency in food products that authentically integrate with Mount Tai’s distinctive cultural heritage.To address such issues,improvement strategies were proposed for the development of catering resources in Mount Tai Scenic Area,including spatial development and integration,exploration of cultural connotations,and enhancement of tourism value,which provided insights for refining management of catering resources in forest park scenic spot,optimizing catering services,and enhancing the tourism experience of tourists.展开更多
In this paper,a distributed chunkbased optimization algorithm is proposed for the resource allocation in broadband ultra-dense small cell networks.Based on the proposed algorithm,the power and subcarrier allocation pr...In this paper,a distributed chunkbased optimization algorithm is proposed for the resource allocation in broadband ultra-dense small cell networks.Based on the proposed algorithm,the power and subcarrier allocation problems are jointly optimized.In order to make the resource allocation suitable for large scale networks,the optimization problem is decomposed first based on an effective decomposition algorithm named optimal condition decomposition(OCD) algorithm.Furthermore,aiming at reducing implementation complexity,the subcarriers are divided into chunks and are allocated chunk by chunk.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves more superior performance than uniform power allocation scheme and Lagrange relaxation method,and then the proposed algorithm can strike a balance between the complexity and performance of the multi-carrier Ultra-Dense Networks.展开更多
64 species （including 5 varieties）, 30 genera and 24 families of the edible ferns in Guizhou are preliminartiy confirmed, according to the combination of spot investigation and refereuce analySis：the species, gener...64 species （including 5 varieties）, 30 genera and 24 families of the edible ferns in Guizhou are preliminartiy confirmed, according to the combination of spot investigation and refereuce analySis：the species, genera and families account for 8.13%, 19.74% and 44.44% of ferns in Guizhou, respectively. The floristic composition characters and resource distribution of 23 kinds of the edible ferns in Guizhou are described.展开更多
Load-time series data in mobile cloud computing of Internet of Vehicles(IoV)usually have linear and nonlinear composite characteristics.In order to accurately describe the dynamic change trend of such loads,this study...Load-time series data in mobile cloud computing of Internet of Vehicles(IoV)usually have linear and nonlinear composite characteristics.In order to accurately describe the dynamic change trend of such loads,this study designs a load prediction method by using the resource scheduling model for mobile cloud computing of IoV.Firstly,a chaotic analysis algorithm is implemented to process the load-time series,while some learning samples of load prediction are constructed.Secondly,a support vector machine(SVM)is used to establish a load prediction model,and an improved artificial bee colony(IABC)function is designed to enhance the learning ability of the SVM.Finally,a CloudSim simulation platform is created to select the perminute CPU load history data in the mobile cloud computing system,which is composed of 50 vehicles as the data set;and a comparison experiment is conducted by using a grey model,a back propagation neural network,a radial basis function(RBF)neural network and a RBF kernel function of SVM.As shown in the experimental results,the prediction accuracy of the method proposed in this study is significantly higher than other models,with a significantly reduced real-time prediction error for resource loading in mobile cloud environments.Compared with single-prediction models,the prediction method proposed can build up multidimensional time series in capturing complex load time series,fit and describe the load change trends,approximate the load time variability more precisely,and deliver strong generalization ability to load prediction models for mobile cloud computing resources.展开更多
As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock （HDR） reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential r...As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock （HDR） reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential replacement of fossil fuels. However, HDR resources are difficult to develop and utilise. Technologies for use with HDR, such as high-temperature drilling, reservoir characterisation, reservoir fracturing, microseismic monitoring and high-temperature power stations, originate from the field of oil and drilling. Addressing how to take advantage of these developed technologies is a key factor in the development of HDR reserves. Based on the thermal crustal structure in China, HDR resources can be divided into four types： high radioactive heat production, sedimentary basin, modern volcano and the inner-plate active tectonic belt. The prospective regions of HDR resources are located in South Tibet, West Yunnan, the southeast coast of China, Bohai Rim, Songliao Basin and Guanzhong Basin. The related essential technologies are relatively mature, and the prospect of HDR power generation is promising. Therefore, analysing the formation mechanisms of HDR resources and promoting the transformation of technological achievements, large-scale development and the utilisation of HDR resources can be achieved in China.展开更多
This paper summarizes the distribution and production layout of the major mineral resources in China,including coal,iron ore,copper and bauxite,from a national perspective.It also identifies the incompatibility betwee...This paper summarizes the distribution and production layout of the major mineral resources in China,including coal,iron ore,copper and bauxite,from a national perspective.It also identifies the incompatibility between the mineral resources distribution and regional economic development.Significant issues with China's mineral resource industry cause challenges for the sustainable development of both the mining industry and the national socio-economy.The sustainability of regional mineral resources and the environmental pollution by mining in the western China were also analyzed.Results show that the distribution of China's mineral resources is misaligned with its regional layout of economic development.China's mineral resources have been over-exploited,and the mineral resources production in the eastern China is unsustainable.The continuously expanding production of mineral resources in the western China has heavily endangered the ecological environment.We propose strategies to boost the sustainable development of mineral resources,including measures to accelerate economic development and enhance the sustainability of domestic mineral resources.We also offer suggestions for scientifically planning the mineral resource prospecting and exploitation and regional economic layout,as well as for proactively undertaking industry transfer in the eastern China and raising the environmental benchmark requirements for the mineral industry in the central and western China.展开更多
Brachystemma calycinum D. Don as an important rare medicinal plant, the market prospect is very promising. In this paper, the resource distribution, ecological environment, community structure, domestication of wild c...Brachystemma calycinum D. Don as an important rare medicinal plant, the market prospect is very promising. In this paper, the resource distribution, ecological environment, community structure, domestication of wild cultivar and market demand and status of Brachystemma calycinum were systematically studied, so as to provide a basis for resource development and utilization.展开更多
Distributed energy systems(DES),as an integrated energy system with coupled distributed energy resources,have great potential in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy efficiencies.Considering the back...Distributed energy systems(DES),as an integrated energy system with coupled distributed energy resources,have great potential in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy efficiencies.Considering the background of urbanization and the energy revolution in China,the study investigates the renewable-based DESs supply modes and their application in China.A new method is proposed to classify DESs supply modes into three categories considering the renewable resource in domination,and their application domains are discussed.A comprehensive model is given for economic and environmental evaluation.Typical case studies show that the renewable-based DES systems can supply the energy in a cost-effective and environment-friendly way.Among them,the biomass waste dominated supply mode can not only achieve"zero"carbon emissions but also"zero"energy consumption,even though not yet economically attractive under the present policy and market conditions.Thus,recommendations are given to promote the further deployment of renewable-based DESs,regarding their supply modes,policy requirements,and issues to be addressed.展开更多
Service and information resources are two kinds of major shared resources in virtual enterprises, where, service resources include third party’s service resources and enterprise’s legacy service resources,and inform...Service and information resources are two kinds of major shared resources in virtual enterprises, where, service resources include third party’s service resources and enterprise’s legacy service resources,and information resources include database resources and file resources. Since service and information resources have distributed, autonomic, remotely bound as well as some other similar characteristics, an implementation mechanism on managing shared resources based on UDDI are presented. XML instances are used to describe resources authorization information, WSDL based special XML instance represents information resource metadata, and these XML instances are referenced by tModel for realizing the purpose of managing shared resources metadata based on UDDI.展开更多
The quantum key distribution （QKD） allows two parties to share a secret key by typically making use of a one-way quantum channel. Howevery the two-way QKD has its own unique advantages, which means the two-way QKD h...The quantum key distribution （QKD） allows two parties to share a secret key by typically making use of a one-way quantum channel. Howevery the two-way QKD has its own unique advantages, which means the two-way QKD has become a focus recently. To improve the practieM performance of the two-way QKD, we present a security analysis of a two-way QKD protocol based on the decoy method with heralded single-photon sources （HSPSs）. We make use of two approaches to calculate the yield and the quantum bit error rate of single-photon and two-photon pulses. Then we present the secret key generation rate based on the GLLP formula. The numerical simulation shows that the protocol with HSPSs has an advantage in the secure distance compared with weak coherent state sources. In addition, we present the final secret key by considering the statistical fluctuation of the yield generation rate of the LM05 protocol with finite resources and the error rate.展开更多
Programs take on changing behavior at nmtime in a simultaneous multithreading （SMT） environment. How reasonably common resources are distributed among the threads significantly determines the throughput and fairness...Programs take on changing behavior at nmtime in a simultaneous multithreading （SMT） environment. How reasonably common resources are distributed among the threads significantly determines the throughput and fairness performance in SMT processors. Existing resource distribution methods either mainly rely on the front-end fetch policy, or make distribution decisions according to the limited information from the pipeline. It is difficult for them to efficiently catch the various resource requirements of the threads. This work presents a spatially triggered dissipative resource distribution （SDRD） policy for SMT processors, its two parts, the self-organization mechanism that is driven by the real-time instructions per cycle （IPC） performance and the introduction of chaos that tries to control the diversity Of trial resource distributions, work together to supply sustaining resource distribution optimization for changing program behavior. Simulation results show that SDRD with fine-grained diversity controlling is more effective than that with a coarse-grained one. And SDRD benefits much from its two well-coordinated parts, providing potential fairness gains as well as good throughput gains. Meanings and settings of important SDRD parameters are also discussed.展开更多
Unconventional hydrocarbon resources, which are only marginally economically explored and developed by traditional methods and techniques, are different from conventional hydrocarbon resources in their accumulation me...Unconventional hydrocarbon resources, which are only marginally economically explored and developed by traditional methods and techniques, are different from conventional hydrocarbon resources in their accumulation mechanisms, occurrence states, distribution models, and exploration and development manners. The types of unconventional hydrocarbon are controlled by the evolu- tion of the source rocks and the combinations of different types of unconventional reservoirs. The fundamental dis- tinction between unconventional hydrocarbon resources and conventional hydrocarbon resources is their non- buoyancy-driven migration. The development of the micro- to nano-scale pores results in rather high capillary resis- tance. The accumulation mechanisms of the unconven- tional and the conventional hydrocarbon resources are also greatly different. In conventional hydrocarbon resources, oil and gas entrapment is controlled by reservoir-forming factors and geological events, which is a dynamic balance process; while for unconventional hydrocarbon resources, the gas content is affected by the temperature and pressure fields, and their preservation is crucial. Unconventional and conventional hydrocarbons are distributed in an orderly manner in subsurface space, having three distribution models of intra-source rock, basin-centered, and source rock interlayer. These results will be of great significance to unconventional hydrocarbon exploration.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62003167,62376029,62325304,U22B2046,62073079,62088101,62133003,61991403)the General Joint Fund of the Equipment Advance Research Program of Ministry of Education(8091B022114)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730255).
文摘Dear Editor,This letter deals with distributed resource allocation(DRA)over multiple interacting coalitions,where conflicts of interest may arise due to the relevance of one coalition’s decision to other coalitions’benefits.To address this challenge,a new model called intra-independent resource allocation game(IIRAG)is formulated under the framework of multi-coalition games.A new DRA algorithm is developed,which draws on techniques of variable replacement and leaderfollowing consensus.The proposed algorithm ensures linear convergence of the collective decision to the Nash equilibrium(NE)of the IIRAG,as well as satisfaction of the resource constraint throughout the iteration process.Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金Project (Nos. 60074011 and 60574049) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Wireless technology is applied increasingly in networked control systems. A new form of wireless network called wireless sensor network can bring control systems some advantages, such as flexibility and feasibility of network deployment at low costs, while it also raises some new challenges. First, the communication resources shared by all the control loops are limited. Second, the wireless and multi-hop character of sensor network makes the resources scheduling more difficult. Thus, how to effectively allocate the limited communication resources for those control loops is an important problem. In this paper, this problem is formulated as an optimal sampling frequency assignment problem, where the objective function is to maximize the utility of control systems, subject to channel capacity constraints. Then an iterative distributed algorithm based on local buffer information is proposed. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively allocate the limited communication resource in a distributed way. It can achieve the optimal quality of the control system and adapt to the network load changes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61773172)supported in part by the Australian Research Council(DP200101197,DE210100274)。
文摘In this paper,accelerated saddle point dynamics is proposed for distributed resource allocation over a multi-agent network,which enables a hyper-exponential convergence rate.Specifically,an inertial fast-slow dynamical system with vanishing damping is introduced,based on which the distributed saddle point algorithm is designed.The dual variables are updated in two time scales,i.e.,the fast manifold and the slow manifold.In the fast manifold,the consensus of the Lagrangian multipliers and the tracking of the constraints are pursued by the consensus protocol.In the slow manifold,the updating of the Lagrangian multipliers is accelerated by inertial terms.Hyper-exponential stability is defined to characterize a faster convergence of our proposed algorithm in comparison with conventional primal-dual algorithms for distributed resource allocation.The simulation of the application in the energy dispatch problem verifies the result,which demonstrates the fast convergence of the proposed saddle point dynamics.
文摘With the vigorous development of mobile networks,the number of devices at the network edge is growing rapidly and the massive amount of data generated by the devices brings a huge challenge of response latency and communication burden.Existing resource monitoring systems are widely deployed in cloud data centers,but it is difficult for traditional resource monitoring solutions to handle the massive data generated by thousands of edge devices.To address these challenges,we propose a super resolution sensing(SRS)method for distributed resource monitoring,which can be used to recover reliable and accurate high‑frequency data from low‑frequency sampled resource monitoring data.Experiments based on the proposed SRS model are also conducted and the experimental results show that it can effectively reduce the errors generated when recovering low‑frequency monitoring data to high‑frequency data,and verify the effectiveness and practical value of applying SRS method for resource monitoring on edge clouds.
基金supported by the Shanghai Municipal Social Science Foundation(No.2020BGL032).
文摘Taking an industrial park as an example,this study aims to analyze the characteristics of a distribution network that incorporates distributed energy resources(DERs).The study begins by summarizing the key features of a distribution network with DERs based on recent power usage data.To predict and analyze the load growth of the industrial park,an improved back-propagation algorithm is employed.Furthermore,the study classifies users within the industrial park according to their specific power consumption and supply requirements.This user segmentation allows for the introduction of three constraints:node voltage,wire current,and capacity of DERs.By incorporating these constraints,the study constructs an optimization model for the distribution network in the industrial park,with the objective of minimizing the total operation and maintenance cost.The primary goal of these optimizations is to address the needs of DERs connected to the distribution network,while simultaneously mitigating their potential adverse impact on the network.Additionally,the study aims to enhance the overall energy efficiency of the industrial park through more efficient utilization of resources.
基金The Foundation of the Ministry of Sci-ence and Technology of China (No.2002E0691036)
文摘A computer system for human resource （HR） redistribution system is presented to solve the balance problem of the ＂surplus resources＂ and ＂surplus tasks＂ among a group of project units. The system architecture is designed in a compositional manner using the elements of agent technology and knowledge technology. A combination of generic agent models, ontology and knowledge provides an effective approach to address the dynamic, distributed and knowledge-intensive characters of the HR management. In the system, the broker agent acting as intermediary provides matchmaking services to the domain agents, and the individual domain agents communicate directly with each other. The HR ontology provides the semantic match of the surplus task and the surplus resource. Finally, an application example is presented to illustrate the achieved solution for a concrete scenario. This novel way offers a comprehensive HR exchange solution and is snitablc for both intra-organizational and inter-organizational HR management.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 61371087 and 61531013The Research Fund of Ministry of Education-China Mobile (MCM20150102)
文摘Cache-enabled small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach for network operators to cope with the explosive data traffic growth in future 5 G networks. However, the user association and resource allocation mechanism has not been thoroughly studied under given content placement situation. In this paper, we formulate the joint optimization problem of user association and resource allocation as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem aiming at deriving a balance between the total utility of data rates and the total data rates retrieved from caches. To solve this problem, we propose a distributed relaxing-rounding method. Simulation results demonstrate that the distributed relaxing-rounding method outperforms traditional max-SINR method and range-expansion method in terms of both total utility of data rates and total data rates retrieved from caches in practical scenarios. In addition, effects of storage and backhaul capacities on the performance are also studied.
基金The Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File No.0011/2022/AGJFile No.SKL-IOTSC(UM)-2021-2023).
文摘The paradigm shift from a coal-based power system to a renewable-energy-based power system brings more challenges to the supply-demand balance of the grid.Distributed energy resources(DERs),which can provide operating reserve to the grid,are regarded as a promising solution to compensate for the power fluctuation of the renewable energy resources.Small-scale DERs can be aggregated as a virtual power plant(VPP),which is eligible to bid in the operating reserve market.Since the DERs usually belong to different entities,it is important to investigate the VPP operation framework that coordinates the DERs in a trusted man-ner.In this paper,we propose a blockchain-assisted operating reserve framework for VPPs that aggregates various DERs.Considering the heterogeneity of various DERs,we propose a unified reserve capacity evaluation method to facilitate the aggregation of DERs.By considering the mismatch between actual available reserve capacity and the estimated value,the performance of VPP in the operating reserve market is improved.A hardware-based experimental system is developed,and numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
文摘Catering in scenic areas is an important part of tourist experiences,yet the existing research on catering resources mainly focuses on tourist satisfaction and resource development,with limited analysis on the impact of catering resources distribution on tourists’visiting willingness.Thus,based on case analysis,surveys and data analysis,this study selected Mount Tai Scenic Area as the research object to conduct an in-depth investigation on the impact of the distribution of catering resources on tourists’visiting willingness,which identified many challenges faced by the distribution of catering resources in the scenic area and their underlying causes,finding that while there were rich varieties and concentrated catering options in high-traffic areas with strong tourists’visiting willingness,significant gaps remained in locations with weak tourists’visiting willingness.Furthermore,the overall catering offerings in Mount Tai Scenic Area demonstrated a notable deficiency in food products that authentically integrate with Mount Tai’s distinctive cultural heritage.To address such issues,improvement strategies were proposed for the development of catering resources in Mount Tai Scenic Area,including spatial development and integration,exploration of cultural connotations,and enhancement of tourism value,which provided insights for refining management of catering resources in forest park scenic spot,optimizing catering services,and enhancing the tourism experience of tourists.
基金supported in part by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(4152047)the 863 project No.2014AA01A701+1 种基金111 Project of China under Grant B14010China Mobile Research Institute under grant[2014]451
文摘In this paper,a distributed chunkbased optimization algorithm is proposed for the resource allocation in broadband ultra-dense small cell networks.Based on the proposed algorithm,the power and subcarrier allocation problems are jointly optimized.In order to make the resource allocation suitable for large scale networks,the optimization problem is decomposed first based on an effective decomposition algorithm named optimal condition decomposition(OCD) algorithm.Furthermore,aiming at reducing implementation complexity,the subcarriers are divided into chunks and are allocated chunk by chunk.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves more superior performance than uniform power allocation scheme and Lagrange relaxation method,and then the proposed algorithm can strike a balance between the complexity and performance of the multi-carrier Ultra-Dense Networks.
基金Supported by Guiyang Science and Technology Planning Project~~
文摘64 species （including 5 varieties）, 30 genera and 24 families of the edible ferns in Guizhou are preliminartiy confirmed, according to the combination of spot investigation and refereuce analySis：the species, genera and families account for 8.13%, 19.74% and 44.44% of ferns in Guizhou, respectively. The floristic composition characters and resource distribution of 23 kinds of the edible ferns in Guizhou are described.
基金This work was supported by Shandong medical and health science and technology development plan project(No.202012070393).
文摘Load-time series data in mobile cloud computing of Internet of Vehicles(IoV)usually have linear and nonlinear composite characteristics.In order to accurately describe the dynamic change trend of such loads,this study designs a load prediction method by using the resource scheduling model for mobile cloud computing of IoV.Firstly,a chaotic analysis algorithm is implemented to process the load-time series,while some learning samples of load prediction are constructed.Secondly,a support vector machine(SVM)is used to establish a load prediction model,and an improved artificial bee colony(IABC)function is designed to enhance the learning ability of the SVM.Finally,a CloudSim simulation platform is created to select the perminute CPU load history data in the mobile cloud computing system,which is composed of 50 vehicles as the data set;and a comparison experiment is conducted by using a grey model,a back propagation neural network,a radial basis function(RBF)neural network and a RBF kernel function of SVM.As shown in the experimental results,the prediction accuracy of the method proposed in this study is significantly higher than other models,with a significantly reduced real-time prediction error for resource loading in mobile cloud environments.Compared with single-prediction models,the prediction method proposed can build up multidimensional time series in capturing complex load time series,fit and describe the load change trends,approximate the load time variability more precisely,and deliver strong generalization ability to load prediction models for mobile cloud computing resources.
基金funded by the geological survey program of China Geology Survey(No.12120113078100)program of Chinese Academy of Engineering(The strategic research on the utilization of geothermal resources in China)
文摘As an important geothermal resource, hot dry rock （HDR） reserves have been studied in many countries. HDR resources in China have huge capacity and have become one of the most important resources for the potential replacement of fossil fuels. However, HDR resources are difficult to develop and utilise. Technologies for use with HDR, such as high-temperature drilling, reservoir characterisation, reservoir fracturing, microseismic monitoring and high-temperature power stations, originate from the field of oil and drilling. Addressing how to take advantage of these developed technologies is a key factor in the development of HDR reserves. Based on the thermal crustal structure in China, HDR resources can be divided into four types： high radioactive heat production, sedimentary basin, modern volcano and the inner-plate active tectonic belt. The prospective regions of HDR resources are located in South Tibet, West Yunnan, the southeast coast of China, Bohai Rim, Songliao Basin and Guanzhong Basin. The related essential technologies are relatively mature, and the prospect of HDR power generation is promising. Therefore, analysing the formation mechanisms of HDR resources and promoting the transformation of technological achievements, large-scale development and the utilisation of HDR resources can be achieved in China.
文摘This paper summarizes the distribution and production layout of the major mineral resources in China,including coal,iron ore,copper and bauxite,from a national perspective.It also identifies the incompatibility between the mineral resources distribution and regional economic development.Significant issues with China's mineral resource industry cause challenges for the sustainable development of both the mining industry and the national socio-economy.The sustainability of regional mineral resources and the environmental pollution by mining in the western China were also analyzed.Results show that the distribution of China's mineral resources is misaligned with its regional layout of economic development.China's mineral resources have been over-exploited,and the mineral resources production in the eastern China is unsustainable.The continuously expanding production of mineral resources in the western China has heavily endangered the ecological environment.We propose strategies to boost the sustainable development of mineral resources,including measures to accelerate economic development and enhance the sustainability of domestic mineral resources.We also offer suggestions for scientifically planning the mineral resource prospecting and exploitation and regional economic layout,as well as for proactively undertaking industry transfer in the eastern China and raising the environmental benchmark requirements for the mineral industry in the central and western China.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Major Research Program of Guangxi Province(GKZ1298001-1-8)Medical Treatment and Public Health Research and Development Project of Guangxi Province(S201416-02)~~
文摘Brachystemma calycinum D. Don as an important rare medicinal plant, the market prospect is very promising. In this paper, the resource distribution, ecological environment, community structure, domestication of wild cultivar and market demand and status of Brachystemma calycinum were systematically studied, so as to provide a basis for resource development and utilization.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0900100)Sate Grid of China(Research on the development potential evaluation of distributed generation and its management and control and operation optimization technology under scaleup development stage.No.1400-201927279A-0-0-00)
文摘Distributed energy systems(DES),as an integrated energy system with coupled distributed energy resources,have great potential in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy efficiencies.Considering the background of urbanization and the energy revolution in China,the study investigates the renewable-based DESs supply modes and their application in China.A new method is proposed to classify DESs supply modes into three categories considering the renewable resource in domination,and their application domains are discussed.A comprehensive model is given for economic and environmental evaluation.Typical case studies show that the renewable-based DES systems can supply the energy in a cost-effective and environment-friendly way.Among them,the biomass waste dominated supply mode can not only achieve"zero"carbon emissions but also"zero"energy consumption,even though not yet economically attractive under the present policy and market conditions.Thus,recommendations are given to promote the further deployment of renewable-based DESs,regarding their supply modes,policy requirements,and issues to be addressed.
文摘Service and information resources are two kinds of major shared resources in virtual enterprises, where, service resources include third party’s service resources and enterprise’s legacy service resources,and information resources include database resources and file resources. Since service and information resources have distributed, autonomic, remotely bound as well as some other similar characteristics, an implementation mechanism on managing shared resources based on UDDI are presented. XML instances are used to describe resources authorization information, WSDL based special XML instance represents information resource metadata, and these XML instances are referenced by tModel for realizing the purpose of managing shared resources metadata based on UDDI.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2013CB338002the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11304397 and 61505261
文摘The quantum key distribution （QKD） allows two parties to share a secret key by typically making use of a one-way quantum channel. Howevery the two-way QKD has its own unique advantages, which means the two-way QKD has become a focus recently. To improve the practieM performance of the two-way QKD, we present a security analysis of a two-way QKD protocol based on the decoy method with heralded single-photon sources （HSPSs）. We make use of two approaches to calculate the yield and the quantum bit error rate of single-photon and two-photon pulses. Then we present the secret key generation rate based on the GLLP formula. The numerical simulation shows that the protocol with HSPSs has an advantage in the secure distance compared with weak coherent state sources. In addition, we present the final secret key by considering the statistical fluctuation of the yield generation rate of the LM05 protocol with finite resources and the error rate.
基金the Hi-Tech Research and Development Pro-gram (863) of China (No. 2006AA01Z431) the Key Science andTechnology Program of Zhejiang Province (Nos. 2007C11068 and2007C11088), China
文摘Programs take on changing behavior at nmtime in a simultaneous multithreading （SMT） environment. How reasonably common resources are distributed among the threads significantly determines the throughput and fairness performance in SMT processors. Existing resource distribution methods either mainly rely on the front-end fetch policy, or make distribution decisions according to the limited information from the pipeline. It is difficult for them to efficiently catch the various resource requirements of the threads. This work presents a spatially triggered dissipative resource distribution （SDRD） policy for SMT processors, its two parts, the self-organization mechanism that is driven by the real-time instructions per cycle （IPC） performance and the introduction of chaos that tries to control the diversity Of trial resource distributions, work together to supply sustaining resource distribution optimization for changing program behavior. Simulation results show that SDRD with fine-grained diversity controlling is more effective than that with a coarse-grained one. And SDRD benefits much from its two well-coordinated parts, providing potential fairness gains as well as good throughput gains. Meanings and settings of important SDRD parameters are also discussed.
基金supported by Major Projects of Oil and Gas of China (No. 2011ZX05018-002)
文摘Unconventional hydrocarbon resources, which are only marginally economically explored and developed by traditional methods and techniques, are different from conventional hydrocarbon resources in their accumulation mechanisms, occurrence states, distribution models, and exploration and development manners. The types of unconventional hydrocarbon are controlled by the evolu- tion of the source rocks and the combinations of different types of unconventional reservoirs. The fundamental dis- tinction between unconventional hydrocarbon resources and conventional hydrocarbon resources is their non- buoyancy-driven migration. The development of the micro- to nano-scale pores results in rather high capillary resis- tance. The accumulation mechanisms of the unconven- tional and the conventional hydrocarbon resources are also greatly different. In conventional hydrocarbon resources, oil and gas entrapment is controlled by reservoir-forming factors and geological events, which is a dynamic balance process; while for unconventional hydrocarbon resources, the gas content is affected by the temperature and pressure fields, and their preservation is crucial. Unconventional and conventional hydrocarbons are distributed in an orderly manner in subsurface space, having three distribution models of intra-source rock, basin-centered, and source rock interlayer. These results will be of great significance to unconventional hydrocarbon exploration.
