The effective reuse of iron phosphate residue(IPR)is the key issue in the recycling of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries.Therefore,in this study,the reduction leaching of IPR in H_(2)SO_(4)solution by adding iron powder as re...The effective reuse of iron phosphate residue(IPR)is the key issue in the recycling of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries.Therefore,in this study,the reduction leaching of IPR in H_(2)SO_(4)solution by adding iron powder as reducing agent was investigated and compared with direct leaching.The results show that the leaching rate of IPR reached 97%under the optimum reduction leaching conditions.Kinetic studies show that the activation energy for reduction leaching is 12.71 k J/mol,while that of direct leaching is 21.57 k J/mol.Moreover,the reduction leaching time is reduced by half and the acid consumption is reduced by 30% compared to direct leaching with the same leaching rate.This work provides a scientific guidance to the treatment of iron phosphate residue from the recycling of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries.展开更多
For developing new binder phase with high performance, Co-Ni-Fe alloy was used as binder in cemented carbides. The mechanical properties of WC-CoNiFe and WC-Co cemented carbides with different grain sizes were studied...For developing new binder phase with high performance, Co-Ni-Fe alloy was used as binder in cemented carbides. The mechanical properties of WC-CoNiFe and WC-Co cemented carbides with different grain sizes were studied. The results show that the reprecipitation of WC-CoNiFe is inhibited compared with that of WC-Co during sintering process, and the grains in WC-CoNiFe cemented carbides are more of smooth shape, resulting in a slightly lower hardness and higher transverse rupture strength. With the increase of the grain size, the hardness of the two cemented carbides decreases, and the transverse rupture strength increases. However, the slope values of K in Hall-Petch relationship are higher in WC-CoNiFe than those in WC-Co, indicating the high toughness of medium entropy alloy Co-Ni-Fe.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg^2+))ion plays important roles in biomineralization of bone,teeth and calcium carbonate skeletons.Herein,chicken eggshells mainly comprising of Mg-calcite nanocrystals(Mg/(Mg+Ca)2.0 mol.%)were used to fabr...Magnesium(Mg^2+))ion plays important roles in biomineralization of bone,teeth and calcium carbonate skeletons.Herein,chicken eggshells mainly comprising of Mg-calcite nanocrystals(Mg/(Mg+Ca)2.0 mol.%)were used to fabricate biphasic calcium phosphate(BCP),a mixture of hydroxyapatite(HA)and p-tricalcium phosphate(p-TCP)nanocrystals,through hydrothermal reactions at 200℃for 24 h.Our results indicated thatβ-TCP nanocrystals formed through the ion-exchange reactions of Mg-calcite,while HA nanocrystals were mainly produced by dissolution-reprecipitation reactions on the surfaces of eggshell samples in the hydrothermal system.Mg substitution in calcite resulted in formation ofβ-TCP nanocrystals instead of HA crystals through ion-exchange reactions.BCP samples with different compositions(28.6-77.8 wt.%β-TCP)were produced by controlling particle sizes of eggshells for hydrothermal reactions.The larger particles lead to the larger proportion ofβ-TCP in the BCP composition.Therefore,Mg substitution and particle size had synergetic effects on the hydrothermal synthesis of BCP using chicken eggshells through balance of ion-exchange and dissolution-reprecipitation reactions.Cell culture results showed that the BCP products were non-cytotoxic to MC3 T3-E1 cells,which may be used for bone substitute materials in future.展开更多
Scheelite is the main ore mineral in skarn-type tungsten(W-Mo,W-Sn,and W-Cu)deposits,and is also a good proxy for ore-fluid evolution and mineralization.The Bastielieke deposit is the first medium-size Wpolymetallic s...Scheelite is the main ore mineral in skarn-type tungsten(W-Mo,W-Sn,and W-Cu)deposits,and is also a good proxy for ore-fluid evolution and mineralization.The Bastielieke deposit is the first medium-size Wpolymetallic skarn deposit discovered in the Chinese(Xinjiang,NW China)Altay.Scheelite grains at Bastielieke are distributed in biotite granite,skarn and quartz-fluorite veins.They exhibit different textures,and can be divided into four types and six subtypes,including those in granite(Schm),prograde skarn(SchI),retrograde-altered rocks(SchII),and those in late-stage quartz-fluorite veins(SchIII).SchIa and SchIb were formed in the early and late prograde stage,respectively.SchI displays homogeneous texture,enrichments of light rare earth elements(LREEs)relative to heavy REEs(HREEs),and significantly negative Eu anomalies.SchIa has higher Sr-Mo contents and LREE/HREE than SchIb.SchII shows patchy texture by overgrowth and dissolution-reprecipitation,and can be subdivided into dark(SchIIa)and light(SchIIb)zone based in CL imaging.All SchII grains are LREE-enriched with negative Eu anomalies and relatively low LREE/HREE ratios.SchIIb has much higher W-Mo-Nb-Sr contents than SchIIa,which is ascribed to late-stage hydrothermal modifications.Schm and SchIII display homogeneous texture and similar MREE-enriched patterns,as well as very low Mo-W-Sr and different Nb contents.The texture and compositional variations in Bastielieke scheelites reveal that two magmatic fluids derived from different granitic magma reservoirs were involved in the mineralization.The earlier orefluid is relativly oxidized and has low HREE contents,forming the early prograde skarn-stage mineralization.Episodic influxes of later F-rich granitic magmatic fluids may have modified the earlier scheelite compositions,leading to multistage W enrichment and varying intragrain compositions.展开更多
基金financial support from the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2022JJ10074)。
文摘The effective reuse of iron phosphate residue(IPR)is the key issue in the recycling of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries.Therefore,in this study,the reduction leaching of IPR in H_(2)SO_(4)solution by adding iron powder as reducing agent was investigated and compared with direct leaching.The results show that the leaching rate of IPR reached 97%under the optimum reduction leaching conditions.Kinetic studies show that the activation energy for reduction leaching is 12.71 k J/mol,while that of direct leaching is 21.57 k J/mol.Moreover,the reduction leaching time is reduced by half and the acid consumption is reduced by 30% compared to direct leaching with the same leaching rate.This work provides a scientific guidance to the treatment of iron phosphate residue from the recycling of spent LiFePO_(4)batteries.
基金Project(51671217)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016YFB0700302)supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China。
文摘For developing new binder phase with high performance, Co-Ni-Fe alloy was used as binder in cemented carbides. The mechanical properties of WC-CoNiFe and WC-Co cemented carbides with different grain sizes were studied. The results show that the reprecipitation of WC-CoNiFe is inhibited compared with that of WC-Co during sintering process, and the grains in WC-CoNiFe cemented carbides are more of smooth shape, resulting in a slightly lower hardness and higher transverse rupture strength. With the increase of the grain size, the hardness of the two cemented carbides decreases, and the transverse rupture strength increases. However, the slope values of K in Hall-Petch relationship are higher in WC-CoNiFe than those in WC-Co, indicating the high toughness of medium entropy alloy Co-Ni-Fe.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China from Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFC1100502)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC031)from Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Liaoning Province(2017105005)Shenyang Key R&D and Technology Transfer Program(Z17-7-023)。
文摘Magnesium(Mg^2+))ion plays important roles in biomineralization of bone,teeth and calcium carbonate skeletons.Herein,chicken eggshells mainly comprising of Mg-calcite nanocrystals(Mg/(Mg+Ca)2.0 mol.%)were used to fabricate biphasic calcium phosphate(BCP),a mixture of hydroxyapatite(HA)and p-tricalcium phosphate(p-TCP)nanocrystals,through hydrothermal reactions at 200℃for 24 h.Our results indicated thatβ-TCP nanocrystals formed through the ion-exchange reactions of Mg-calcite,while HA nanocrystals were mainly produced by dissolution-reprecipitation reactions on the surfaces of eggshell samples in the hydrothermal system.Mg substitution in calcite resulted in formation ofβ-TCP nanocrystals instead of HA crystals through ion-exchange reactions.BCP samples with different compositions(28.6-77.8 wt.%β-TCP)were produced by controlling particle sizes of eggshells for hydrothermal reactions.The larger particles lead to the larger proportion ofβ-TCP in the BCP composition.Therefore,Mg substitution and particle size had synergetic effects on the hydrothermal synthesis of BCP using chicken eggshells through balance of ion-exchange and dissolution-reprecipitation reactions.Cell culture results showed that the BCP products were non-cytotoxic to MC3 T3-E1 cells,which may be used for bone substitute materials in future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41872072)Xinjiang Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2020D01C074)。
文摘Scheelite is the main ore mineral in skarn-type tungsten(W-Mo,W-Sn,and W-Cu)deposits,and is also a good proxy for ore-fluid evolution and mineralization.The Bastielieke deposit is the first medium-size Wpolymetallic skarn deposit discovered in the Chinese(Xinjiang,NW China)Altay.Scheelite grains at Bastielieke are distributed in biotite granite,skarn and quartz-fluorite veins.They exhibit different textures,and can be divided into four types and six subtypes,including those in granite(Schm),prograde skarn(SchI),retrograde-altered rocks(SchII),and those in late-stage quartz-fluorite veins(SchIII).SchIa and SchIb were formed in the early and late prograde stage,respectively.SchI displays homogeneous texture,enrichments of light rare earth elements(LREEs)relative to heavy REEs(HREEs),and significantly negative Eu anomalies.SchIa has higher Sr-Mo contents and LREE/HREE than SchIb.SchII shows patchy texture by overgrowth and dissolution-reprecipitation,and can be subdivided into dark(SchIIa)and light(SchIIb)zone based in CL imaging.All SchII grains are LREE-enriched with negative Eu anomalies and relatively low LREE/HREE ratios.SchIIb has much higher W-Mo-Nb-Sr contents than SchIIa,which is ascribed to late-stage hydrothermal modifications.Schm and SchIII display homogeneous texture and similar MREE-enriched patterns,as well as very low Mo-W-Sr and different Nb contents.The texture and compositional variations in Bastielieke scheelites reveal that two magmatic fluids derived from different granitic magma reservoirs were involved in the mineralization.The earlier orefluid is relativly oxidized and has low HREE contents,forming the early prograde skarn-stage mineralization.Episodic influxes of later F-rich granitic magmatic fluids may have modified the earlier scheelite compositions,leading to multistage W enrichment and varying intragrain compositions.
