High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental sta...High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental stability,ideal outdoor readability,and low energy consumption.However,the limited intrinsic structure of inorganic materials has presented a significant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the micron scale.Here,we successfully developed the direct photolithography for WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand exchange.This strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution efficiently(line width<4μm,the best resolution for reported inorganic electrochromic materials).Additionally,the resulting device exhibited impressive electrochromic performance,such as fast response(<1 s at 0 V),high coloration efficiency(119.5 cm^(2) C^(−1)),good optical modulation(55.9%),and durability(>3600 cycles),as well as promising applications in electronic logos,pixelated displays,flexible electronics,etc.The success and advancements presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and development(R&D)in high-resolution non-emissive displays and other ultra-fine micro-electronics.展开更多
It is of great scientific significance to construct a 3D dynamic structural color with a special color effect based on the microlens array.However,the problems of imperfect mechanisms and poor color quality need to be...It is of great scientific significance to construct a 3D dynamic structural color with a special color effect based on the microlens array.However,the problems of imperfect mechanisms and poor color quality need to be solved.A method of 3D structural color turning on periodic metasurfaces fabricated by the microlens array and self-assembly technology was proposed in this study.In the experiment,Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)flexible film was used as a substrate,and SiO2 microspheres were scraped into grooves of the PDMS film to form 3D photonic crystal structures.By adjusting the number of blade-coated times and microsphere concentrations,high-saturation structural color micropatterns were obtained.These films were then matched with microlens arrays to produce dynamic graphics with iridescent effects.The results showed that by blade-coated two times and SiO2 microsphere concentrations of 50%are the best conditions.This method demonstrates the potential for being widely applied in the anticounterfeiting printing and ultra-high-resolution display.展开更多
Super-fine electrohydrodynamic inkjet(SIJ)printing of perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)colloid ink exhibits significant potential in the fabrication of high-resolution color conversion microstructures arrays for fullcolor m...Super-fine electrohydrodynamic inkjet(SIJ)printing of perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)colloid ink exhibits significant potential in the fabrication of high-resolution color conversion microstructures arrays for fullcolor micro-LED displays.However,the impact of solvent on both the printing process and the morphology of SIJ-printed PNC color conversion microstructures remains underexplored.In this study,we prepared samples of CsPbBr3PNC colloid inks in various solvents and investigated the solvent's impact on SIJ printed PNC microstructures.Our findings reveal that the boiling point of the solvent is crucial to the SIJ printing process of PNC colloid inks.Only does the boiling point of the solvent fall in the optimal range,the regular positioned,micron-scaled,conical PNC microstructures can be successfully printed.Below this optimal range,the ink is unable to be ejected from the nozzle;while above this range,irregular positioned microstructures with nanoscale height and coffee-ring-like morphology are produced.Based on these observations,high-resolution color conversion PNC microstructures were effectively prepared using SIJ printing of PNC colloid ink dispersed in dimethylbenzene solvent.展开更多
Liquid crystal Pacharatnam-Berry phase optical elements(PBOEs)have found promising applications in augmented reality and virtual reality because of their slim formfactor,lightweight,and high optical efficiency.However...Liquid crystal Pacharatnam-Berry phase optical elements(PBOEs)have found promising applications in augmented reality and virtual reality because of their slim formfactor,lightweight,and high optical efficiency.However,chromatic aberration remains a serious longstanding problem for diffractive optics,hindering their broader adoption.To overcome the chromatic aberrations for red,green and blue(RGB)light sources,in this paper,we propose a counterintuitive multi-twist structure to achieve narrowband PBOEs without crosstalk,which plays a vital role to eliminate the chromatic aberration.The performance of our designed and fabricated narrowband Pacharatnam-Berry lenses(PBLs)aligns well with our simulation results.Furthermore,in a feasibility demonstration experiment using a laser projector,our proposed PBL system indeed exhibits a diminished chromatic aberration as compared to a broadband PBL.Additionally,polarization raytracing is implemented to demonstrate the versatility of the multi-twist structure for designing any RGB wavelengths with high contrast ratios.This analysis explores the feasibility of using RGB laser lines and quantum dot light-emitting diodes.Overall,our approach enables high optical efficiency,low fabrication complexity,and high degree of design freedom to accommodate any liquid crystal material and RGB light sources,holding immense potential for widespread applications of achromatic PBOEs.展开更多
At present,the naked-eye three-dimensional(3D)display technology still has some drawbacks,such as low brightness uniformity,high crosstalk,low light efficiency,short viewing distance,and the manufacturing is difficult...At present,the naked-eye three-dimensional(3D)display technology still has some drawbacks,such as low brightness uniformity,high crosstalk,low light efficiency,short viewing distance,and the manufacturing is difficulty.Based on the principle of naked-eye 3D display and the Fresnel optical theory,this paper designs a Fresnel lens array and the star-shaped liquid crystal display(LCD)switch of unit LCD screen to achieve low-crosstalk and high brightness uniformity for the autostereoscopic 3D display.The unit parameters of a 139.7 cm 4K model autostereoscopic 3D displayer are provided and they are optimized by the TracePro software.The results show that when the pitch of the Fresnel lens on the exit surface is 0.304 mm,the width of each serration of Fresnel lens is 0.0234 mm,the length of the Fresnel lens is 2.87 mm,and the center height of star-shaped LCD switch is 0.030 mm,the center length is 0.040 mm,the width of star-shaped LCD switch is 0.050 mm,and the image crosstalk is less than 2%when the viewing distance is 2.50 m.The problem on the brightness of the image in different positions is improved.展开更多
Balancing high display performance with energy efficiency is crucial for global sustainability.Lowering operating frequencies—such as enabling 1 Hz operation in fringe-field switching(FFS)liquid crystal displays—red...Balancing high display performance with energy efficiency is crucial for global sustainability.Lowering operating frequencies—such as enabling 1 Hz operation in fringe-field switching(FFS)liquid crystal displays—reduces power consumption but is hindered by image flicker.While negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(nLCs)mitigate flicker,their high driving voltages and production costs limit adoption.Positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(pLCs)offer lower operating voltages,faster response times,and broader applicability,making them a more viable alternative.This study introduces a novel approach to minimizing flexoelectric effects in pLCs by investigating how single components influence flexoelectric behavior in mixtures through an effective experimental methodology.Two innovative measurement techniques—(1)flexoelectric coefficient difference analysis and(2)displacement-current measurement(DCM)—are presented,marking the first application of DCM for verifying flexoelectric effects.The proposed system eliminates uncertainties associated with previous methods,providing a reliable framework for selecting liquid crystal components with minimal flexoelectric effects while preserving key electro-optic properties.Given pLCs'higher reliability,lower production costs,and broader material selection,these advancements hold significant potential for low-power displays.We believe this work enhances flexoelectric analysis in nematic liquid crystals and contributes to sustainable innovation in the display industry,aligning with global energy-saving goals.展开更多
Eco-friendly quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs),which employ colloidal quantum dots(QDs)such as InP,and ZnSe,stand out due to their low toxicity,color purity,and high efficiency.Currently,significant advancement...Eco-friendly quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs),which employ colloidal quantum dots(QDs)such as InP,and ZnSe,stand out due to their low toxicity,color purity,and high efficiency.Currently,significant advancements have been made in the performance of cadmium-free QLEDs.However,several challenges persist in the industrialization of ecofriendly QLED displays.For instance,(1)the poor performance,characterized by low photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),unstable ligand,and charge imbalance,cannot be effectively addressed with a solitary strategy;(2)the degradation mechanism,involving emission quenching,morphological inhomogeneity,and field-enhanced electron delocalization remains unclear;(3)the lack of techniques for color patterning,such as optical lithography and transfer printing.Herein,we undertake a specific review of all technological breakthroughs that endeavor to tackle the above challenges associated with cadmium-free QLED displays.We begin by reviewing the evolution,architecture,and operational characteristics of eco-friendly QLEDs,highlighting the photoelectric properties of QDs,carrier transport layer stability,and device lifetime.Subsequently,we focus our attention not only on the latest insights into device degradation mechanisms,particularly,but also on the remarkable technological progress in color patterning techniques.To conclude,we provide a synthesis of the promising prospects,current challenges,potential solutions,and emerging research trends for QLED displays.展开更多
The evolution of display backplane technologies has been driven by the relentless pursuit of higher form factor and superior performance coupled with lower power consumption.Current state-of-the-art backplane technolo...The evolution of display backplane technologies has been driven by the relentless pursuit of higher form factor and superior performance coupled with lower power consumption.Current state-of-the-art backplane technologies based on amorphous Si,poly Si,and IGZO,face challenges in meeting the requirements of next-generation displays,including larger dimensions,higher refresh rates,increased pixel density,greater brightness,and reduced power consumption.In this context,2D chalcogenides have emerged as promising candidates for thin-film transistors(TFTs)in display backplanes,offering advantages such as high mobility,low leakage current,mechanical robustness,and transparency.This comprehensive review explores the significance of 2D chalcogenides as materials for TFTs in next-generation display backplanes.We delve into the structural characteristics,electronic properties,and synthesis methods of 2D chalcogenides,emphasizing scalable growth strategies that are relevant to large-area display backplanes.Additionally,we discuss mechanical flexibility and strain engineering,crucial for the development of flexible displays.Performance enhancement strategies for 2D chalcogenide TFTs have been explored encompassing techniques in device engineering and geometry optimization,while considering scaling over a large area.Active-matrix implementation of 2D TFTs in various applications is also explored,benchmarking device performance on a large scale which is a necessary aspect of TFTs used in display backplanes.Furthermore,the latest development on the integration of 2D chalcogenide TFTs with different display technologies,such as OLED,quantum dot,and MicroLED displays has been reviewed in detail.Finally,challenges and opportunities in the field are discussed with a brief insight into emerging trends and research directions.展开更多
Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for ...Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for photonic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, displays, sensors, and printing, along with their practical limitations. Recently, structural colors have received growing interest due to their advantages, including physical and chemical robustness, ecofriendliness, tunability, and high-resolution color.展开更多
On the day of Awakening of Insects(in March),the drooping dusk unmistakably announced the retreat of Vancouver’s brief daylight.The gate of the Jiahua Lion Dance Association was tightly locked.Zeng Xiang pasted a“Fo...On the day of Awakening of Insects(in March),the drooping dusk unmistakably announced the retreat of Vancouver’s brief daylight.The gate of the Jiahua Lion Dance Association was tightly locked.Zeng Xiang pasted a“For Rent”notice on the door,his heart heavy with mixed emotions.The display window that once held rows of trophies had long been emptied,the association’s signboard removed,leaving only two rusty iron nails on the wall.展开更多
In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has demonstrated immense potential in driving breakthroughs in the semiconductor industry,particularly in full-color display technologies.Benefiting from the deep integration...In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has demonstrated immense potential in driving breakthroughs in the semiconductor industry,particularly in full-color display technologies.Benefiting from the deep integration of AI,these technologies are experiencing unprecedented innovation and industrial transformation,garnering significant attention.These advancements provide a solid foundation for displays with higher color gamut and resolution.In addition,the integration of deep learning with dimming technologies has enabled new display systems to deliver superior viewing experiences with reduced energy consumption.This review highlights recent progress in four key areas of AI application in full-color display technologies:epitaxial structure design,defect detection and repair,perovskite synthesis,and dynamic dimming.AI-driven advancements in these domains are paving the way for smarter,more efficient display technologies.By leveraging AI’s powerful data processing and optimization capabilities,full-color display systems are poised to achieve enhanced performance,energy efficiency,and user satisfaction,marking a significant step toward a more intelligent and innovative future.展开更多
Wearable flexible sensor devices have the characteristics of lightweight and miniaturization.Currently,power supply and detection components limit the portability of wearable flexible sensor devices.Meanwhile,conventi...Wearable flexible sensor devices have the characteristics of lightweight and miniaturization.Currently,power supply and detection components limit the portability of wearable flexible sensor devices.Meanwhile,conventional liquid electrolytes are unsuitable for the integration of sensing devices.To address these constraints,wearable biofuel cells and flexible electrochromic displays have been introduced,which can improve integration with other devices,safety,and color-coded display data.Meanwhile,electrode chips prepared through screen printing technology can further improve portability.In this work,a wearable sensor device with screen-printed chips was constructed and used for non-invasive detection of glucose.Agarose gel electrolytes doped with PDA-CNTs were prepared,and the mechanical strength and moisture retention were significantly improved compared with traditional gel electrolytes.Glucose in interstitial fluid was non-invasive extracted to the skin surface using reverse iontophoresis.As a biofuel for wearable biofuel cells,glucose drives self-powered sensor and electrochromic display to produce color change,allowing for visually measurement of glucose levels in body fluids.Accurate detection results can be visualized by reading the RGB value with a cell phone.展开更多
Tamm plasmon polaritons(TPPs)are localized photonic states at the interface between a metal layer and one-dimensional(1D)photonic crystal substrate.Unlike surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs),TPPs can be excited by both t...Tamm plasmon polaritons(TPPs)are localized photonic states at the interface between a metal layer and one-dimensional(1D)photonic crystal substrate.Unlike surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs),TPPs can be excited by both transverse magnetic and electric waves without requiring additional coupling optics.TPPs offer robust color filtering,making them ideal for applications such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)image detectors.However,obtaining a large-area,reversible,and reconfigurable filter remains challenging.This study demonstrates a dynamically reconfigurable reflective color filter by integrating an ultrathin antimony trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))layer with Tamm plasmonic photonic crystals.Reconfigurable tuning was achieved by inducing Sb_(2)S_(3) crystallization and reamorphization via thermal and optical activation,respectively.The material exhibited good stability after multiple switching cycles.The reflectance spectrum can be tuned across the visible range,with a shift of approximately 50 nm by switching Sb_(2)S_(3) between its amorphous and crystalline phases.This phase transition is nonvolatile and substantially minimizes the energy consumption,enhancing efficiency for practical applications.Tamm plasmonic photonic crystals are low-cost and large-scale production,offering a platform for compact color display systems and customizable photonic crystal filters for realistic system integration.展开更多
The utilization of color patterns has been widely employed in encryption and displays.Printing-based nanostructures are gaining traction in color displays,showcasing remarkable resolution but facing limitations in rec...The utilization of color patterns has been widely employed in encryption and displays.Printing-based nanostructures are gaining traction in color displays,showcasing remarkable resolution but facing limitations in reconfigurability.Here,we demonstrate a flexible scanning process using optical tweezers to trap silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs)for converting their trajectories into vibrant dynamic color patterns.In this process,the optical potential well stably captures a single SiNP while moving in three-dimensional space at a speed of about 1000μm/s,leading to the display of dynamic color patterns due to persistence of vision(POV).Leveraging the tunable ability provided by Mie resonances within the visible band,the scattering color can be altered simply by adjusting the number of trapped SiNPs,thereby enabling the creation of tunable high-saturation color patterns.This strategy is further explored for flexible design of composite images with potential applications in anticounterfeiting and dynamic display.展开更多
Flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)demonstrate significant potential for applications in wearable elec-tronics,military camouflage,and flexible smart displays.As a crucial electrochromic material,poly(3,4-ethylened...Flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)demonstrate significant potential for applications in wearable elec-tronics,military camouflage,and flexible smart displays.As a crucial electrochromic material,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)is widely used in FECDs due to its excellent mechanical flexibility,tunable conductivity,and non-toxicity.However,the manufacturing process for patterned PEDOT:PSS electrochromic devices remains intricate,costly,and challenging to personalize.To address this challenge,we have developed a 3D-printable ink with controllable rheological properties through a concentration-tuning strategy,enabling programmable,patterned printing of PEDOT-based conductive polymer electrochromic layers.The 3D-printed FECDs exhibit outstanding electrochromic performance,including a high optical contrast(up to 47.9%at 635 nm),fast response times(t_(c)=1.6 s;t_(b)=0.6 s),high coloration efficiency(352 cm^(2) C^(-1)),and good cycling stability(with only a 9.3%decrease in optical contrast after 100 electrochemical cycles).Finally,we utilize 3D printing technology to construct flexible,patterned PEDOT:PSS electrochromic devices with bespoke butterfly designs.This work establishes the theoretical foundation for the application of 3D printing technology in PEDOT:PSS flexible electrochromic devices.展开更多
Monforts denim customers werevery much to the forefront at the latestKingpins Amsterdam exhibition heldfrom April 16-17 at the city’s SugarFactory. It’s no accident, for example,that the advanced denims which havedo...Monforts denim customers werevery much to the forefront at the latestKingpins Amsterdam exhibition heldfrom April 16-17 at the city’s SugarFactory. It’s no accident, for example,that the advanced denims which havedominated the show’s Most SustainableProduct (MSP) displays over thepast four years are from mills employingresource-efficient Monforts technologiesincluding MONTEX stenters, MONFORTEXShrinking ranges, ECO LINE denimfinishing systems and THERMEX dyeingranges.展开更多
The popularity of deep learning has boosted computer-generated holography(CGH)as a vibrant research field,particularly physics-driven unsupervised learning.Nevertheless,present unsupervised CGH models have not yet exp...The popularity of deep learning has boosted computer-generated holography(CGH)as a vibrant research field,particularly physics-driven unsupervised learning.Nevertheless,present unsupervised CGH models have not yet explored the potential of generating full-color 3D holograms through a unified framework.In this study,we propose a lightweight multiwavelength network model capable of high-fidelity and efficient full-color hologram generation in both 2D and 3D display,called IncepHoloRGB.The high-speed simultaneous generation of RGB holograms at 191 frames per second(FPS)is based on Inception sampling blocks and multi-wavelength propagation module integrated with depth-traced superimposition,achieving an average structural similarity(SSIM)of 0.88 and peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)of 29.00 on the DIV2K test set in reconstruction.Full-color reconstruction of numerical simulations and optical experiments shows that IncepHoloRGB is versatile to diverse scenarios and can obtain authentic full-color holographic 3D display within a unified network model,paving the way for applications towards real-time dynamic naked-eye 3D display,virtual and augmented reality(VR/AR)systems.展开更多
From August 24 to 26,the Liaoning Week of the China Pavilion at the Expo 2025 Osaka presenting the world with a grand showcase of culture,technology,trade,and green development-A presentation on the Niuheliang Hongsha...From August 24 to 26,the Liaoning Week of the China Pavilion at the Expo 2025 Osaka presenting the world with a grand showcase of culture,technology,trade,and green development-A presentation on the Niuheliang Hongshan Culture Site,paired with artifacts displayed through cutting-edge naked-eye 3D holography.展开更多
With the increasing awareness of heritage city protection around the world,relevant laws and regulations are constantly improving,and the methods and approaches for protection are gradually enriching[1].Heritage prote...With the increasing awareness of heritage city protection around the world,relevant laws and regulations are constantly improving,and the methods and approaches for protection are gradually enriching[1].Heritage protection work has made significant progress.In recent years,heritage parks have become an effective model for balancing urban construction and heritage protection,not only for the effective protection of the site itself and its environment,but also for the use of the site and its cultural heritage[2].This article takes King Yu’s Terrace Park as an example for research.As an ancient capital of eight dynasties,Kaifeng in Henan Province has many historical relics,one of which is King Yu’s Terrace Park.The overall renewal planning and design of the park focuses on the protection of ancient buildings,ecological landscape design,and cultural display[3].A complete set of planning and design strategies is summarized to provide reference for the future renewal and renovation of King Yu’s Terrace Park.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3606501,2022YFB3602902)the Key projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(62234004)+8 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A2092)Pioneer and Leading Goose R&D Program of Zhejiang(2024C01191,2024C01092)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team of Zhejiang Province(2021R01003)Ningbo Key Technologies R&D Program(2022Z085),Ningbo 3315 Programme(2020A-01-B)YONGJIANG Talent Introduction Programme(2021A-038-B,2021A-159-G)“Innovation Yongjiang 2035”Key R&D Programme(2024Z146)Ningbo JiangBei District public welfare science and technology project(2022C07)the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(grant no.BX20240391)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant no.2023M743623).
文摘High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions,given their impressive attributes such as high environmental stability,ideal outdoor readability,and low energy consumption.However,the limited intrinsic structure of inorganic materials has presented a significant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the micron scale.Here,we successfully developed the direct photolithography for WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand exchange.This strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution efficiently(line width<4μm,the best resolution for reported inorganic electrochromic materials).Additionally,the resulting device exhibited impressive electrochromic performance,such as fast response(<1 s at 0 V),high coloration efficiency(119.5 cm^(2) C^(−1)),good optical modulation(55.9%),and durability(>3600 cycles),as well as promising applications in electronic logos,pixelated displays,flexible electronics,etc.The success and advancements presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and development(R&D)in high-resolution non-emissive displays and other ultra-fine micro-electronics.
文摘It is of great scientific significance to construct a 3D dynamic structural color with a special color effect based on the microlens array.However,the problems of imperfect mechanisms and poor color quality need to be solved.A method of 3D structural color turning on periodic metasurfaces fabricated by the microlens array and self-assembly technology was proposed in this study.In the experiment,Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)flexible film was used as a substrate,and SiO2 microspheres were scraped into grooves of the PDMS film to form 3D photonic crystal structures.By adjusting the number of blade-coated times and microsphere concentrations,high-saturation structural color micropatterns were obtained.These films were then matched with microlens arrays to produce dynamic graphics with iridescent effects.The results showed that by blade-coated two times and SiO2 microsphere concentrations of 50%are the best conditions.This method demonstrates the potential for being widely applied in the anticounterfeiting printing and ultra-high-resolution display.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62374142)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.20720220085 and 20720240064)+2 种基金External Cooperation Program of Fujian(No.2022I0004)Major Science and Technology Project of Xiamen in China(No.3502Z20191015)Xiamen Natural Science Foundation Youth Project(No.3502Z202471002)。
文摘Super-fine electrohydrodynamic inkjet(SIJ)printing of perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)colloid ink exhibits significant potential in the fabrication of high-resolution color conversion microstructures arrays for fullcolor micro-LED displays.However,the impact of solvent on both the printing process and the morphology of SIJ-printed PNC color conversion microstructures remains underexplored.In this study,we prepared samples of CsPbBr3PNC colloid inks in various solvents and investigated the solvent's impact on SIJ printed PNC microstructures.Our findings reveal that the boiling point of the solvent is crucial to the SIJ printing process of PNC colloid inks.Only does the boiling point of the solvent fall in the optimal range,the regular positioned,micron-scaled,conical PNC microstructures can be successfully printed.Below this optimal range,the ink is unable to be ejected from the nozzle;while above this range,irregular positioned microstructures with nanoscale height and coffee-ring-like morphology are produced.Based on these observations,high-resolution color conversion PNC microstructures were effectively prepared using SIJ printing of PNC colloid ink dispersed in dimethylbenzene solvent.
基金supports from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2806803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62075127).
文摘Liquid crystal Pacharatnam-Berry phase optical elements(PBOEs)have found promising applications in augmented reality and virtual reality because of their slim formfactor,lightweight,and high optical efficiency.However,chromatic aberration remains a serious longstanding problem for diffractive optics,hindering their broader adoption.To overcome the chromatic aberrations for red,green and blue(RGB)light sources,in this paper,we propose a counterintuitive multi-twist structure to achieve narrowband PBOEs without crosstalk,which plays a vital role to eliminate the chromatic aberration.The performance of our designed and fabricated narrowband Pacharatnam-Berry lenses(PBLs)aligns well with our simulation results.Furthermore,in a feasibility demonstration experiment using a laser projector,our proposed PBL system indeed exhibits a diminished chromatic aberration as compared to a broadband PBL.Additionally,polarization raytracing is implemented to demonstrate the versatility of the multi-twist structure for designing any RGB wavelengths with high contrast ratios.This analysis explores the feasibility of using RGB laser lines and quantum dot light-emitting diodes.Overall,our approach enables high optical efficiency,low fabrication complexity,and high degree of design freedom to accommodate any liquid crystal material and RGB light sources,holding immense potential for widespread applications of achromatic PBOEs.
基金supported by the 2022 Fujian Provincial Young and Middle-aged Teacher Education and Research Project(Science and Technology)(No.JAT220468)the Xiamen Natural Science Foundation(No.3502Z20227334).
文摘At present,the naked-eye three-dimensional(3D)display technology still has some drawbacks,such as low brightness uniformity,high crosstalk,low light efficiency,short viewing distance,and the manufacturing is difficulty.Based on the principle of naked-eye 3D display and the Fresnel optical theory,this paper designs a Fresnel lens array and the star-shaped liquid crystal display(LCD)switch of unit LCD screen to achieve low-crosstalk and high brightness uniformity for the autostereoscopic 3D display.The unit parameters of a 139.7 cm 4K model autostereoscopic 3D displayer are provided and they are optimized by the TracePro software.The results show that when the pitch of the Fresnel lens on the exit surface is 0.304 mm,the width of each serration of Fresnel lens is 0.0234 mm,the length of the Fresnel lens is 2.87 mm,and the center height of star-shaped LCD switch is 0.030 mm,the center length is 0.040 mm,the width of star-shaped LCD switch is 0.050 mm,and the image crosstalk is less than 2%when the viewing distance is 2.50 m.The problem on the brightness of the image in different positions is improved.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT),Korea[2022R1A2C2091671]by ITECH R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT(Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy/Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology)[20016808].
文摘Balancing high display performance with energy efficiency is crucial for global sustainability.Lowering operating frequencies—such as enabling 1 Hz operation in fringe-field switching(FFS)liquid crystal displays—reduces power consumption but is hindered by image flicker.While negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(nLCs)mitigate flicker,their high driving voltages and production costs limit adoption.Positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(pLCs)offer lower operating voltages,faster response times,and broader applicability,making them a more viable alternative.This study introduces a novel approach to minimizing flexoelectric effects in pLCs by investigating how single components influence flexoelectric behavior in mixtures through an effective experimental methodology.Two innovative measurement techniques—(1)flexoelectric coefficient difference analysis and(2)displacement-current measurement(DCM)—are presented,marking the first application of DCM for verifying flexoelectric effects.The proposed system eliminates uncertainties associated with previous methods,providing a reliable framework for selecting liquid crystal components with minimal flexoelectric effects while preserving key electro-optic properties.Given pLCs'higher reliability,lower production costs,and broader material selection,these advancements hold significant potential for low-power displays.We believe this work enhances flexoelectric analysis in nematic liquid crystals and contributes to sustainable innovation in the display industry,aligning with global energy-saving goals.
基金supported by the Research Projects of Department of Education of Guangdong Province-024CJPT002Special Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education in Key Areas (No. 6021210075K)Shenzhen Polytechnic University Research Fund. (No. 6024310006K)
文摘Eco-friendly quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs),which employ colloidal quantum dots(QDs)such as InP,and ZnSe,stand out due to their low toxicity,color purity,and high efficiency.Currently,significant advancements have been made in the performance of cadmium-free QLEDs.However,several challenges persist in the industrialization of ecofriendly QLED displays.For instance,(1)the poor performance,characterized by low photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),unstable ligand,and charge imbalance,cannot be effectively addressed with a solitary strategy;(2)the degradation mechanism,involving emission quenching,morphological inhomogeneity,and field-enhanced electron delocalization remains unclear;(3)the lack of techniques for color patterning,such as optical lithography and transfer printing.Herein,we undertake a specific review of all technological breakthroughs that endeavor to tackle the above challenges associated with cadmium-free QLED displays.We begin by reviewing the evolution,architecture,and operational characteristics of eco-friendly QLEDs,highlighting the photoelectric properties of QDs,carrier transport layer stability,and device lifetime.Subsequently,we focus our attention not only on the latest insights into device degradation mechanisms,particularly,but also on the remarkable technological progress in color patterning techniques.To conclude,we provide a synthesis of the promising prospects,current challenges,potential solutions,and emerging research trends for QLED displays.
基金supported in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant Number:RS-2024-00448809National Research Foundation of Korea Grant Number:RS-2025-00517255+1 种基金National Research Foundation of Korea Grant Number:No.2021M3H4A1A02056037supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korean(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(2020R1A6A1A03040516).
文摘The evolution of display backplane technologies has been driven by the relentless pursuit of higher form factor and superior performance coupled with lower power consumption.Current state-of-the-art backplane technologies based on amorphous Si,poly Si,and IGZO,face challenges in meeting the requirements of next-generation displays,including larger dimensions,higher refresh rates,increased pixel density,greater brightness,and reduced power consumption.In this context,2D chalcogenides have emerged as promising candidates for thin-film transistors(TFTs)in display backplanes,offering advantages such as high mobility,low leakage current,mechanical robustness,and transparency.This comprehensive review explores the significance of 2D chalcogenides as materials for TFTs in next-generation display backplanes.We delve into the structural characteristics,electronic properties,and synthesis methods of 2D chalcogenides,emphasizing scalable growth strategies that are relevant to large-area display backplanes.Additionally,we discuss mechanical flexibility and strain engineering,crucial for the development of flexible displays.Performance enhancement strategies for 2D chalcogenide TFTs have been explored encompassing techniques in device engineering and geometry optimization,while considering scaling over a large area.Active-matrix implementation of 2D TFTs in various applications is also explored,benchmarking device performance on a large scale which is a necessary aspect of TFTs used in display backplanes.Furthermore,the latest development on the integration of 2D chalcogenide TFTs with different display technologies,such as OLED,quantum dot,and MicroLED displays has been reviewed in detail.Finally,challenges and opportunities in the field are discussed with a brief insight into emerging trends and research directions.
基金supported by the POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center program funded by POSCOthe National Research Foundation(NRF)grants(RS-2022-NR067559,RS-2023-00302586)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)of the Korean government.
文摘Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for photonic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, displays, sensors, and printing, along with their practical limitations. Recently, structural colors have received growing interest due to their advantages, including physical and chemical robustness, ecofriendliness, tunability, and high-resolution color.
文摘On the day of Awakening of Insects(in March),the drooping dusk unmistakably announced the retreat of Vancouver’s brief daylight.The gate of the Jiahua Lion Dance Association was tightly locked.Zeng Xiang pasted a“For Rent”notice on the door,his heart heavy with mixed emotions.The display window that once held rows of trophies had long been emptied,the association’s signboard removed,leaving only two rusty iron nails on the wall.
基金upported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62274138)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(Grant No.2023J06012)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Project in Fujian Province of China(Grant No.2021H0011)the Funda-mental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.20720230029)the Compound Semiconductor Technology Collaborative Innovation Platform Project of FuXiaQuan National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone(Grant No.3502ZCQXT2022005).
文摘In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has demonstrated immense potential in driving breakthroughs in the semiconductor industry,particularly in full-color display technologies.Benefiting from the deep integration of AI,these technologies are experiencing unprecedented innovation and industrial transformation,garnering significant attention.These advancements provide a solid foundation for displays with higher color gamut and resolution.In addition,the integration of deep learning with dimming technologies has enabled new display systems to deliver superior viewing experiences with reduced energy consumption.This review highlights recent progress in four key areas of AI application in full-color display technologies:epitaxial structure design,defect detection and repair,perovskite synthesis,and dynamic dimming.AI-driven advancements in these domains are paving the way for smarter,more efficient display technologies.By leveraging AI’s powerful data processing and optimization capabilities,full-color display systems are poised to achieve enhanced performance,energy efficiency,and user satisfaction,marking a significant step toward a more intelligent and innovative future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22174055)Key R&D Program of Zhenjiang City(No.NY2022012)。
文摘Wearable flexible sensor devices have the characteristics of lightweight and miniaturization.Currently,power supply and detection components limit the portability of wearable flexible sensor devices.Meanwhile,conventional liquid electrolytes are unsuitable for the integration of sensing devices.To address these constraints,wearable biofuel cells and flexible electrochromic displays have been introduced,which can improve integration with other devices,safety,and color-coded display data.Meanwhile,electrode chips prepared through screen printing technology can further improve portability.In this work,a wearable sensor device with screen-printed chips was constructed and used for non-invasive detection of glucose.Agarose gel electrolytes doped with PDA-CNTs were prepared,and the mechanical strength and moisture retention were significantly improved compared with traditional gel electrolytes.Glucose in interstitial fluid was non-invasive extracted to the skin surface using reverse iontophoresis.As a biofuel for wearable biofuel cells,glucose drives self-powered sensor and electrochromic display to produce color change,allowing for visually measurement of glucose levels in body fluids.Accurate detection results can be visualized by reading the RGB value with a cell phone.
文摘Tamm plasmon polaritons(TPPs)are localized photonic states at the interface between a metal layer and one-dimensional(1D)photonic crystal substrate.Unlike surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs),TPPs can be excited by both transverse magnetic and electric waves without requiring additional coupling optics.TPPs offer robust color filtering,making them ideal for applications such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)image detectors.However,obtaining a large-area,reversible,and reconfigurable filter remains challenging.This study demonstrates a dynamically reconfigurable reflective color filter by integrating an ultrathin antimony trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))layer with Tamm plasmonic photonic crystals.Reconfigurable tuning was achieved by inducing Sb_(2)S_(3) crystallization and reamorphization via thermal and optical activation,respectively.The material exhibited good stability after multiple switching cycles.The reflectance spectrum can be tuned across the visible range,with a shift of approximately 50 nm by switching Sb_(2)S_(3) between its amorphous and crystalline phases.This phase transition is nonvolatile and substantially minimizes the energy consumption,enhancing efficiency for practical applications.Tamm plasmonic photonic crystals are low-cost and large-scale production,offering a platform for compact color display systems and customizable photonic crystal filters for realistic system integration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62305132)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M721342).
文摘The utilization of color patterns has been widely employed in encryption and displays.Printing-based nanostructures are gaining traction in color displays,showcasing remarkable resolution but facing limitations in reconfigurability.Here,we demonstrate a flexible scanning process using optical tweezers to trap silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs)for converting their trajectories into vibrant dynamic color patterns.In this process,the optical potential well stably captures a single SiNP while moving in three-dimensional space at a speed of about 1000μm/s,leading to the display of dynamic color patterns due to persistence of vision(POV).Leveraging the tunable ability provided by Mie resonances within the visible band,the scattering color can be altered simply by adjusting the number of trapped SiNPs,thereby enabling the creation of tunable high-saturation color patterns.This strategy is further explored for flexible design of composite images with potential applications in anticounterfeiting and dynamic display.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20232ACB204002&20232BAB202044)Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(20212BCD42004&20242BCC32010).
文摘Flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)demonstrate significant potential for applications in wearable elec-tronics,military camouflage,and flexible smart displays.As a crucial electrochromic material,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)is widely used in FECDs due to its excellent mechanical flexibility,tunable conductivity,and non-toxicity.However,the manufacturing process for patterned PEDOT:PSS electrochromic devices remains intricate,costly,and challenging to personalize.To address this challenge,we have developed a 3D-printable ink with controllable rheological properties through a concentration-tuning strategy,enabling programmable,patterned printing of PEDOT-based conductive polymer electrochromic layers.The 3D-printed FECDs exhibit outstanding electrochromic performance,including a high optical contrast(up to 47.9%at 635 nm),fast response times(t_(c)=1.6 s;t_(b)=0.6 s),high coloration efficiency(352 cm^(2) C^(-1)),and good cycling stability(with only a 9.3%decrease in optical contrast after 100 electrochemical cycles).Finally,we utilize 3D printing technology to construct flexible,patterned PEDOT:PSS electrochromic devices with bespoke butterfly designs.This work establishes the theoretical foundation for the application of 3D printing technology in PEDOT:PSS flexible electrochromic devices.
文摘Monforts denim customers werevery much to the forefront at the latestKingpins Amsterdam exhibition heldfrom April 16-17 at the city’s SugarFactory. It’s no accident, for example,that the advanced denims which havedominated the show’s Most SustainableProduct (MSP) displays over thepast four years are from mills employingresource-efficient Monforts technologiesincluding MONTEX stenters, MONFORTEXShrinking ranges, ECO LINE denimfinishing systems and THERMEX dyeingranges.
基金supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62205117,52275429)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFF0502700)+2 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.2022QNRC001)West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.xbzg-zdsys-202206)Hubei Natural Science Foundation Innovative Research Group Project(2024AFA025).
文摘The popularity of deep learning has boosted computer-generated holography(CGH)as a vibrant research field,particularly physics-driven unsupervised learning.Nevertheless,present unsupervised CGH models have not yet explored the potential of generating full-color 3D holograms through a unified framework.In this study,we propose a lightweight multiwavelength network model capable of high-fidelity and efficient full-color hologram generation in both 2D and 3D display,called IncepHoloRGB.The high-speed simultaneous generation of RGB holograms at 191 frames per second(FPS)is based on Inception sampling blocks and multi-wavelength propagation module integrated with depth-traced superimposition,achieving an average structural similarity(SSIM)of 0.88 and peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)of 29.00 on the DIV2K test set in reconstruction.Full-color reconstruction of numerical simulations and optical experiments shows that IncepHoloRGB is versatile to diverse scenarios and can obtain authentic full-color holographic 3D display within a unified network model,paving the way for applications towards real-time dynamic naked-eye 3D display,virtual and augmented reality(VR/AR)systems.
文摘From August 24 to 26,the Liaoning Week of the China Pavilion at the Expo 2025 Osaka presenting the world with a grand showcase of culture,technology,trade,and green development-A presentation on the Niuheliang Hongshan Culture Site,paired with artifacts displayed through cutting-edge naked-eye 3D holography.
文摘With the increasing awareness of heritage city protection around the world,relevant laws and regulations are constantly improving,and the methods and approaches for protection are gradually enriching[1].Heritage protection work has made significant progress.In recent years,heritage parks have become an effective model for balancing urban construction and heritage protection,not only for the effective protection of the site itself and its environment,but also for the use of the site and its cultural heritage[2].This article takes King Yu’s Terrace Park as an example for research.As an ancient capital of eight dynasties,Kaifeng in Henan Province has many historical relics,one of which is King Yu’s Terrace Park.The overall renewal planning and design of the park focuses on the protection of ancient buildings,ecological landscape design,and cultural display[3].A complete set of planning and design strategies is summarized to provide reference for the future renewal and renovation of King Yu’s Terrace Park.
