This study examined the role of moral disengagement dual system of self-control in the relationship between parental psychological control and cyberbullying.Participants were involved 802 vocational college students(4...This study examined the role of moral disengagement dual system of self-control in the relationship between parental psychological control and cyberbullying.Participants were involved 802 vocational college students(46.01%females;M=18.11,SD=1.23).They completed measures on parental psychological control,moral disengagement,dual system of self-control(impulse and control system),and cyberbullying.The results from mediation-moderation analysis indicated that parental psychological control directly predicts higher cyberbullying.Specifically,moral disengagement partially mediated this relationship,as higher parental psychological control increases moral disengagement,which in turn elevates the risk of cyberbullying.Furthermore,parental psychological control moderated the relationship between parental control and cyberbullying through impulse control systems within the dual system of self-control.Individuals with high impulsivity scores are more likely to engage in cyberbullying when exposed to high levels of parental psychological control,whereas individuals with low impulsivity scores exhibit a lower incidence of cyberbullying.展开更多
Objectives:Adolescents’aggression is widely studied,the underlying heterogeneity of aggression among rural Chinese boarding students remains unexplored.This study investigates the latent profiles of Chinese rural boa...Objectives:Adolescents’aggression is widely studied,the underlying heterogeneity of aggression among rural Chinese boarding students remains unexplored.This study investigates the latent profiles of Chinese rural boarding junior high school students’aggression and its correlations with moral disengagement and preference for solitude.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 04–22 April 2022,using a convenient sampling method among 516 junior high school students from six Chinese rural boarding schools.The survey included the Aggression Questionnaire,the Moral Disengagement Scale(MDS),and the Preference for Solitude Scale(PSS).Results:Participants were divided into three latent profiles:low(36.0%),medium(50.9%),and high aggression levels(13.1%).Compared with low aggression,students who felt left-behind(minors who stay in the rural areas while one or both parents migrated to the urban areas for the work)accounted for a larger proportion in the medium aggression profile.The higher the grade level and the lower the educational level of the students’parents,the greater proportion of students in the medium and high aggression profiles.Additionally,students with high moral disengagement and preference for solitude showed a significant association with the medium aggression and high aggression profiles.Conclusions:The results demonstrate the significant group heterogeneity of aggression groups in Chinese rural boarding junior high school students.Targeted prevention and intervention measures can be carried out according to feeling left-behind,grade level,parents’education,and MDS and PSS scores.展开更多
This study explored the connection between childhood psychological maltreatment and online trolling,as well as the influence of moral disengagement and mindfulness in that relationship.A total of 984 college students(...This study explored the connection between childhood psychological maltreatment and online trolling,as well as the influence of moral disengagement and mindfulness in that relationship.A total of 984 college students(54%females,Mean age=20.9 years,SD=1.57 years)took part in the current research.The students responded to standardized measures of childhood psychological maltreatment,online trolling,moral disengagement,mindfulness.Results following the regression and the mediation analyses showed that childhood psychological maltreatment was associated with higher online trolling among college students.Moral disengagement played a mediating role in the link between childhood psychological maltreatment and online trolling,predicting to increased trolling behavior.Furthermore,mindfulness moderated the direct connection between moral disengagement and online trolling.Specifically,compared to those with high mindfulness,individuals with high moral disengagement were more inclined to engage in online trolling when they had low mindfulness.These findings add to our understanding of how and when childhood psychological maltreatment relates to online trolling of which moral engagement and mindfulness would be protective.展开更多
Objectives:The aim of this study was to verify the causal relationship between trait aggressiveness(TA)and moral disengagement(MD),know more about the growth trajectory of MD,and explore the effects of gender and TA o...Objectives:The aim of this study was to verify the causal relationship between trait aggressiveness(TA)and moral disengagement(MD),know more about the growth trajectory of MD,and explore the effects of gender and TA on the growth trajectory.Methods:We used the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Moral Disengagement Scale to survey 433 Chinese junior high school students longitudinally three times.Results:The results of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model(RI-CLPM)analysis indicated that TA positively predicted MD,while MD did not predict TA at the within-person level.Thus,TA could be considered an antecedent variable of MD.Furthermore,the unconditional latent growth linear model analysis revealed that MD among junior high school students exhibited an upward trend,characterized by an increasing rate of growth over time.In the conditional latent growth linear model analysis,we found that gender influenced only the initial level of MD but had no effect on its growth rate.Conversely,TA demonstrated both delayed and immediate positive effects on the growth of MD.Conclusions:Our findings suggested a one-way cross-lag effect between TA and MD.Additionally,the growth trajectory of MD among junior high school students was found to be ascending.This growth trajectory was influenced by gender and TA,offering valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of behavioral problems in junior high school students.展开更多
In present-day highly-automated vehicles,there are occasions when the driving system disengages and the human driver is required to take-over.This is of great importance to a vehicle's safety and ride comfort.In t...In present-day highly-automated vehicles,there are occasions when the driving system disengages and the human driver is required to take-over.This is of great importance to a vehicle's safety and ride comfort.In the U.S state of California,the Autonomous Vehicle Testing Regulations require every manufacturer testing autonomous vehicles on public roads to submit an annual report summarizing the disengagements of the technology experienced during testing.On 1 January 2016,seven manufacturers submitted their first disengagement reports:Bosch,Delphi,Google,Nissan,Mercedes-Benz,Volkswagen,and Tesla Motors.This work analyses the data from these disengagement reports with the aim of gaining abetter understanding of the situations in which a driver is required to takeover,as this is potentially useful in improving the Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE)Level 2 and Level 3 automation technologies.Disengagement events from testing are classified into different groups based on attributes and the causes of disengagement are investigated and compared in detail.The mechanisms and time taken for take-over transition occurred in disengagements are studied.Finally,recommendations for OEMs,manufacturers,and government organizations are also discussed.展开更多
The vaporization ratios of the slurry at various temperature and partial pressure were calculated with the group-contribution method,and then the phase state of the slurry in the residue fluid catalytic cracking(RFCC)...The vaporization ratios of the slurry at various temperature and partial pressure were calculated with the group-contribution method,and then the phase state of the slurry in the residue fluid catalytic cracking(RFCC) disengager was determined.This research could provide some advices on how to select the technological conditions to decrease the coking in the RFCC disengager.The oil gas temperature and the slurry partial pressure had signifi- cant effects on the vaporization ratio of the slurry.Increasing the oil gas temperature and reducing the slurry partial pressure could effectively slow down the coking speed in the RFCC disengager.According to the calculation results, a correlation was established to predict the vaporization ratio of the slurry under different operating conditions.展开更多
A new model for determining bubble size distributions in bubble columns by the dynamic gasdisengagement(DGD)technique is developed.It is based on an idea of non-uniform steady statedirstribution of bubble dispersion.I...A new model for determining bubble size distributions in bubble columns by the dynamic gasdisengagement(DGD)technique is developed.It is based on an idea of non-uniform steady statedirstribution of bubble dispersion.Interpreting the axial non-uniformity,this model gives axial gasholdup distributions.If assuming an axially homogeneous dispersion,a radial gas holdup distributioncan be obtained.The Sauter mean diameters or specific interfacial areas for several systems areestimated by the technique.The results for an air-water system agree with those measured by afive-point conductivity probe technique.The obtained axial gas holdup distributions agree well withreported measurements and the radial gas holdup distributions are also reasonable.展开更多
Previous studies indicate that individuals’default behaviors on online peer-to-peer(P2P)lending platforms greatly influence other borrowers’default intentions.However,the mechanism of this impact is not clear.Moreov...Previous studies indicate that individuals’default behaviors on online peer-to-peer(P2P)lending platforms greatly influence other borrowers’default intentions.However,the mechanism of this impact is not clear.Moreover,there is scarce research in regard to which factors influence the relationship between an individual’s default behavior and an observer’s default intention.These important questions are yet to be resolved;hence,we conducted two experiments using the scenario-based research method,focusing on Chinese online P2P lending platforms.Our results indicate that an individual’s default behavior can trigger an observer’s default intention as a result of the imperfect punitive measures as they currently exist on Chinese online P2P lending platforms.Both the observer’s moral disengagement level and pragmatic self-activation level serve as mediating variables.In situations where an observer knows an individual’s default behavior,the level of intimacy between the defaulter and observer positively affects the relationship between their default behavior and intention.The intimacy level also positively influences the relationship between the individual’s default behavior and the two mediator variables.Based on the findings,we provide management suggestions in the context of online P2P lending.Our study sets a foundation for future research to utilize other methods to extend the present research findings to other regions and domains.展开更多
BACKGROUND Illness anxiety disorder(IAD)is a common,distressing,and debilitating condition with the key feature being a persistent conviction of the possibility of having one or more serious or progressive physical di...BACKGROUND Illness anxiety disorder(IAD)is a common,distressing,and debilitating condition with the key feature being a persistent conviction of the possibility of having one or more serious or progressive physical disorders.Because eye movements are guided by visual-spatial attention,eye-tracking technology is a comparatively direct,continuous measure of attention direction and speed when stimuli are oriented.Researchers have tried to identify selective visual attention biases by tracking eye movements within dot-probe paradigms because dot-probe paradigm can distinguish these attentional biases more clearly.AIM To examine the association between IAD and biased processing of illness-related information.METHODS A case-control study design was used to record eye movements of individuals with IAD and healthy controls while participants viewed a set of pictures from four categories(illness-related,socially threatening,positive,and neutral images).Biases in initial orienting were assessed from the location of the initial shift in gaze,and biases in the maintenance of attention were assessed from the duration of gaze that was initially fixated on the picture per image category.RESULTS The eye movement of the participants in the IAD group was characterized by an avoidance bias in initial orienting to illness-related pictures.There was no evidence of individuals with IAD spending significantly more time viewing illness-related images compared with other images.Patients with IAD had an attention bias at the early stage and overall attentional avoidance.In addition,this study found that patients with significant anxiety symptoms showed attention bias in the late stages of attention processing.CONCLUSION Illness-related information processing biases appear to be a robust feature of IAD and may have an important role in explaining the etiology and maintenance of the disorder.展开更多
Internet addiction and cyberbullying have emerged as significant global mental health concerns in recent years.Although previous studies have shown a close association between Internet addiction and cyberbullying,the u...Internet addiction and cyberbullying have emerged as significant global mental health concerns in recent years.Although previous studies have shown a close association between Internet addiction and cyberbullying,the underlying mechanisms connecting these two phenomena remain unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to reveal the mechanisms involved between Internet addiction and cyberbullying perpetration from the perspective of cognition function.This study recruited 976 Chinese youth through online survey,using the short version of Internet Addiction Test(s-IAT),Chinese Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire(C-CIPQ),Cyberbullying Moral Disengagement Scale(CMDS),and Internet Literacy Questionnaire(ILQ)to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction,moral disengagement,Internet literacy and cyberbullying perpetration.The keyfindings of this study were as follows:after controlling gender and age,(1)Internet addiction had a significant positive predictive effect on cyberbullying perpetration;(2)moral disengagement acted as a mediator between Internet addiction and cyberbullying perpetration;and(3)Internet literacy played a moderating role between moral disengagement and cyberbullying perpetration.In conclusion,there was a moderated mediating effect between Internet addiction and cyberbullying perpetration,contributing to a better understanding of the relationship between these two phenomena.展开更多
Understanding the psychological dimensions underlying the radicalisation process is a con-siderable challenge in the context of the legal judicial treatment of perpetrators of acts of radical violence.This clinical an...Understanding the psychological dimensions underlying the radicalisation process is a con-siderable challenge in the context of the legal judicial treatment of perpetrators of acts of radical violence.This clinical and qualitative study is based on an analysis of legal expert interviews of people at different stages of the radicalisation process.It highlights common psychological characteristics in personality,mechanisms of moral neutralisation and socio-cognitive and interpretive treatment during radicalisation.These observations suggest the applicability of a model of cognitive-emotional transformation of self and meaning-building in radical violent engagement.展开更多
Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly growing.However,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms.Usin...Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly growing.However,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms.Using an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ERP)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation process.Participants were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual field.The probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting trials.ERP analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty air.After the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting trials.It indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention away.The findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air pollution.We conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ERP technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.展开更多
基金supported by the Industry-Education Integration and Collaborative Education Project(No.230806121220054)the Joint Founding Project of Innovation Research Institute of Xijing Hospital(LHJJ24XL06).
文摘This study examined the role of moral disengagement dual system of self-control in the relationship between parental psychological control and cyberbullying.Participants were involved 802 vocational college students(46.01%females;M=18.11,SD=1.23).They completed measures on parental psychological control,moral disengagement,dual system of self-control(impulse and control system),and cyberbullying.The results from mediation-moderation analysis indicated that parental psychological control directly predicts higher cyberbullying.Specifically,moral disengagement partially mediated this relationship,as higher parental psychological control increases moral disengagement,which in turn elevates the risk of cyberbullying.Furthermore,parental psychological control moderated the relationship between parental control and cyberbullying through impulse control systems within the dual system of self-control.Individuals with high impulsivity scores are more likely to engage in cyberbullying when exposed to high levels of parental psychological control,whereas individuals with low impulsivity scores exhibit a lower incidence of cyberbullying.
基金the General project of the“14th Five-Year Plan”of Education Science of Gansu Province in 2023:“Research on the Integration Strategy of Rural Primary School Labor Education and Other Disciplines under the Background of Rural Revitalization”(Project number:GS[2023]GHB1420)Gansu Provincial University Curriculum Ideological and Political Demonstration Project“Exploration and Practice of Ideological and Political Courses in Pre-School EducationMajors from the Perspective of Three Educations:A Case study of Pre-School EducationHistory”(Project No.:GSkcsz-2021-094).
文摘Objectives:Adolescents’aggression is widely studied,the underlying heterogeneity of aggression among rural Chinese boarding students remains unexplored.This study investigates the latent profiles of Chinese rural boarding junior high school students’aggression and its correlations with moral disengagement and preference for solitude.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 04–22 April 2022,using a convenient sampling method among 516 junior high school students from six Chinese rural boarding schools.The survey included the Aggression Questionnaire,the Moral Disengagement Scale(MDS),and the Preference for Solitude Scale(PSS).Results:Participants were divided into three latent profiles:low(36.0%),medium(50.9%),and high aggression levels(13.1%).Compared with low aggression,students who felt left-behind(minors who stay in the rural areas while one or both parents migrated to the urban areas for the work)accounted for a larger proportion in the medium aggression profile.The higher the grade level and the lower the educational level of the students’parents,the greater proportion of students in the medium and high aggression profiles.Additionally,students with high moral disengagement and preference for solitude showed a significant association with the medium aggression and high aggression profiles.Conclusions:The results demonstrate the significant group heterogeneity of aggression groups in Chinese rural boarding junior high school students.Targeted prevention and intervention measures can be carried out according to feeling left-behind,grade level,parents’education,and MDS and PSS scores.
基金supported by the National Social Science Funds of China“A Study of the Psychosocial Mechanisms of Youth Online Trolling”(23BSH143).
文摘This study explored the connection between childhood psychological maltreatment and online trolling,as well as the influence of moral disengagement and mindfulness in that relationship.A total of 984 college students(54%females,Mean age=20.9 years,SD=1.57 years)took part in the current research.The students responded to standardized measures of childhood psychological maltreatment,online trolling,moral disengagement,mindfulness.Results following the regression and the mediation analyses showed that childhood psychological maltreatment was associated with higher online trolling among college students.Moral disengagement played a mediating role in the link between childhood psychological maltreatment and online trolling,predicting to increased trolling behavior.Furthermore,mindfulness moderated the direct connection between moral disengagement and online trolling.Specifically,compared to those with high mindfulness,individuals with high moral disengagement were more inclined to engage in online trolling when they had low mindfulness.These findings add to our understanding of how and when childhood psychological maltreatment relates to online trolling of which moral engagement and mindfulness would be protective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72164018)Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Foundation of the Ministry of Education(22YJA190012)+1 种基金Jiangxi Universities Key Research Base Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(JD23071)Jiangxi Provincial Colleges and Universities Ideological and Political Education Research Association Project(XSGZ24239).
文摘Objectives:The aim of this study was to verify the causal relationship between trait aggressiveness(TA)and moral disengagement(MD),know more about the growth trajectory of MD,and explore the effects of gender and TA on the growth trajectory.Methods:We used the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Moral Disengagement Scale to survey 433 Chinese junior high school students longitudinally three times.Results:The results of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model(RI-CLPM)analysis indicated that TA positively predicted MD,while MD did not predict TA at the within-person level.Thus,TA could be considered an antecedent variable of MD.Furthermore,the unconditional latent growth linear model analysis revealed that MD among junior high school students exhibited an upward trend,characterized by an increasing rate of growth over time.In the conditional latent growth linear model analysis,we found that gender influenced only the initial level of MD but had no effect on its growth rate.Conversely,TA demonstrated both delayed and immediate positive effects on the growth of MD.Conclusions:Our findings suggested a one-way cross-lag effect between TA and MD.Additionally,the growth trajectory of MD among junior high school students was found to be ascending.This growth trajectory was influenced by gender and TA,offering valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of behavioral problems in junior high school students.
基金supported by Jaguar Land Roverthe UK-EPSRC grant EP/N012089/1 as part of the jointly funded Towards Autonomy:Smart and Connected Control(TASCC)Programme
文摘In present-day highly-automated vehicles,there are occasions when the driving system disengages and the human driver is required to take-over.This is of great importance to a vehicle's safety and ride comfort.In the U.S state of California,the Autonomous Vehicle Testing Regulations require every manufacturer testing autonomous vehicles on public roads to submit an annual report summarizing the disengagements of the technology experienced during testing.On 1 January 2016,seven manufacturers submitted their first disengagement reports:Bosch,Delphi,Google,Nissan,Mercedes-Benz,Volkswagen,and Tesla Motors.This work analyses the data from these disengagement reports with the aim of gaining abetter understanding of the situations in which a driver is required to takeover,as this is potentially useful in improving the Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE)Level 2 and Level 3 automation technologies.Disengagement events from testing are classified into different groups based on attributes and the causes of disengagement are investigated and compared in detail.The mechanisms and time taken for take-over transition occurred in disengagements are studied.Finally,recommendations for OEMs,manufacturers,and government organizations are also discussed.
基金Supported by the National-Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20406013） and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （No.NCET-04-0107）.
文摘The vaporization ratios of the slurry at various temperature and partial pressure were calculated with the group-contribution method,and then the phase state of the slurry in the residue fluid catalytic cracking(RFCC) disengager was determined.This research could provide some advices on how to select the technological conditions to decrease the coking in the RFCC disengager.The oil gas temperature and the slurry partial pressure had signifi- cant effects on the vaporization ratio of the slurry.Increasing the oil gas temperature and reducing the slurry partial pressure could effectively slow down the coking speed in the RFCC disengager.According to the calculation results, a correlation was established to predict the vaporization ratio of the slurry under different operating conditions.
文摘A new model for determining bubble size distributions in bubble columns by the dynamic gasdisengagement(DGD)technique is developed.It is based on an idea of non-uniform steady statedirstribution of bubble dispersion.Interpreting the axial non-uniformity,this model gives axial gasholdup distributions.If assuming an axially homogeneous dispersion,a radial gas holdup distributioncan be obtained.The Sauter mean diameters or specific interfacial areas for several systems areestimated by the technique.The results for an air-water system agree with those measured by afive-point conductivity probe technique.The obtained axial gas holdup distributions agree well withreported measurements and the radial gas holdup distributions are also reasonable.
基金This study was financed by Southwestern University of Finance and Economics(grand number JBK2002028)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers G0302/71403221,71764026)Sichuan Science and Technology Bureau(grand number 2017ZR0240).
文摘Previous studies indicate that individuals’default behaviors on online peer-to-peer(P2P)lending platforms greatly influence other borrowers’default intentions.However,the mechanism of this impact is not clear.Moreover,there is scarce research in regard to which factors influence the relationship between an individual’s default behavior and an observer’s default intention.These important questions are yet to be resolved;hence,we conducted two experiments using the scenario-based research method,focusing on Chinese online P2P lending platforms.Our results indicate that an individual’s default behavior can trigger an observer’s default intention as a result of the imperfect punitive measures as they currently exist on Chinese online P2P lending platforms.Both the observer’s moral disengagement level and pragmatic self-activation level serve as mediating variables.In situations where an observer knows an individual’s default behavior,the level of intimacy between the defaulter and observer positively affects the relationship between their default behavior and intention.The intimacy level also positively influences the relationship between the individual’s default behavior and the two mediator variables.Based on the findings,we provide management suggestions in the context of online P2P lending.Our study sets a foundation for future research to utilize other methods to extend the present research findings to other regions and domains.
基金Supported by the Capital Health Development Research Project,No.2016-1-2121.Institutional review。
文摘BACKGROUND Illness anxiety disorder(IAD)is a common,distressing,and debilitating condition with the key feature being a persistent conviction of the possibility of having one or more serious or progressive physical disorders.Because eye movements are guided by visual-spatial attention,eye-tracking technology is a comparatively direct,continuous measure of attention direction and speed when stimuli are oriented.Researchers have tried to identify selective visual attention biases by tracking eye movements within dot-probe paradigms because dot-probe paradigm can distinguish these attentional biases more clearly.AIM To examine the association between IAD and biased processing of illness-related information.METHODS A case-control study design was used to record eye movements of individuals with IAD and healthy controls while participants viewed a set of pictures from four categories(illness-related,socially threatening,positive,and neutral images).Biases in initial orienting were assessed from the location of the initial shift in gaze,and biases in the maintenance of attention were assessed from the duration of gaze that was initially fixated on the picture per image category.RESULTS The eye movement of the participants in the IAD group was characterized by an avoidance bias in initial orienting to illness-related pictures.There was no evidence of individuals with IAD spending significantly more time viewing illness-related images compared with other images.Patients with IAD had an attention bias at the early stage and overall attentional avoidance.In addition,this study found that patients with significant anxiety symptoms showed attention bias in the late stages of attention processing.CONCLUSION Illness-related information processing biases appear to be a robust feature of IAD and may have an important role in explaining the etiology and maintenance of the disorder.
基金supported by the Social Sciences Research Funding of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.19JYC002)Humanities and Social Sciences Research Funding of Minister of Education in China(Grant No.20YJC880104)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Research Funding of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.2021K460C)Shenzhen Education Science Planning Project(Grant No.zdzz22008).
文摘Internet addiction and cyberbullying have emerged as significant global mental health concerns in recent years.Although previous studies have shown a close association between Internet addiction and cyberbullying,the underlying mechanisms connecting these two phenomena remain unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to reveal the mechanisms involved between Internet addiction and cyberbullying perpetration from the perspective of cognition function.This study recruited 976 Chinese youth through online survey,using the short version of Internet Addiction Test(s-IAT),Chinese Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire(C-CIPQ),Cyberbullying Moral Disengagement Scale(CMDS),and Internet Literacy Questionnaire(ILQ)to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction,moral disengagement,Internet literacy and cyberbullying perpetration.The keyfindings of this study were as follows:after controlling gender and age,(1)Internet addiction had a significant positive predictive effect on cyberbullying perpetration;(2)moral disengagement acted as a mediator between Internet addiction and cyberbullying perpetration;and(3)Internet literacy played a moderating role between moral disengagement and cyberbullying perpetration.In conclusion,there was a moderated mediating effect between Internet addiction and cyberbullying perpetration,contributing to a better understanding of the relationship between these two phenomena.
文摘Understanding the psychological dimensions underlying the radicalisation process is a con-siderable challenge in the context of the legal judicial treatment of perpetrators of acts of radical violence.This clinical and qualitative study is based on an analysis of legal expert interviews of people at different stages of the radicalisation process.It highlights common psychological characteristics in personality,mechanisms of moral neutralisation and socio-cognitive and interpretive treatment during radicalisation.These observations suggest the applicability of a model of cognitive-emotional transformation of self and meaning-building in radical violent engagement.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71921003 and 72222012)the Jiangsu R&D Special Fund for Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality(No.BK20220014)+3 种基金the Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20220125)Dr.Jianxun Yang acknowledges supports from the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent(No.BX20230159)the Yuxiu Young Scholar Postdoc Fellowship granted by Nanjing UniversityFuture Earth Early Career Fellowship granted by Future Earth Global Secretariat Hub-China.
文摘Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly growing.However,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms.Using an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ERP)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation process.Participants were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual field.The probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting trials.ERP analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty air.After the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting trials.It indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention away.The findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air pollution.We conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ERP technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.
