Selecting acupoints according to channel pathway is the major point selection principle in acupuncture treatment for which there is a consensus. However, defining the disease location remains the premise of acupoint s...Selecting acupoints according to channel pathway is the major point selection principle in acupuncture treatment for which there is a consensus. However, defining the disease location remains the premise of acupoint selection based on channel pathway. What is the substance of disease location identification in clinical acupuncture？ Besides indicating acupoint selection according to channel pathway, what guidance can it provide for acupuncture treatment？ This is the main topic discussed in this article.展开更多
There have been multiple NOD2/CARD15 genotype- phenotype analyses undertaken in patients with Crohn’s disease since the gene’s discovery in 2001. This review focuses on the major published series based upon their si...There have been multiple NOD2/CARD15 genotype- phenotype analyses undertaken in patients with Crohn’s disease since the gene’s discovery in 2001. This review focuses on the major published series based upon their size and on the presence of specific clinical and genetic information provided in the published material from 2001 to 2005. Twelve studies provided raw data to carry out comparisons of disease location while ten studies included analysis of NOD2/CARD15 genotypes. NOD2/CARD15 variant frequency in ileal disease did not differ significantly among studies, whereas a comparison of disease location demonstrated highly significant differences among studies. Meta-analysis confirmed significant associations between NOD2/CARD15 variants and both ileal and ileocolonic disease locations, and with both stricturing and penetrating forms of disease behavior. This review underlines the significant phenotypic differences that exist among populations, including similar ethnic groups, and has demonstrated the need for further studies of patients with long-term “inflammatory” Crohn’s disease.展开更多
The globus pallidus internus(GPi)was considered a common target for stimulation in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Located deep in the brain and of small size,pinpointing it during surgery is challenging.Multi-channel microe...The globus pallidus internus(GPi)was considered a common target for stimulation in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Located deep in the brain and of small size,pinpointing it during surgery is challenging.Multi-channel microelectrode arrays(MEAs)can provide micrometer-level precision functional localization,which can maximize the surgical outcome.In this paper,a 64-channel MEA modified by platinum nanoparticles with a detection site impedance of 61.1 kΩ was designed and prepared,and multiple channels could be synchronized to cover the target brain region and its neighboring regions so that the GPi could be identified quickly and accurately.The results of the implant trajectory indicate that,compared to the control side,there is a reduction in local field potential(LFP)power in multiple subregions of the upper central thalamus on the PD-induced side,while the remaining brain regions exhibit an increasing trend.When the MEA tip was positioned at 8,700μm deep in the brain,the various characterizations of the spike signals,combined with the electrophysiological characteristics of the β-segmental oscillations in PD,enabled MEAs to localize the GPi at the single-cell level.More precise localization could be achieved by utilizing the distinct characteristics of the internal capsule(ic),the thalamic reticular nucleus(Rt),and the peduncular part of the lateral hypothalamus(PLH)brain regions,as well as the relative positions of these brain structures.The MEAs designed in this study provide a new detection method and tool for functional localization of PD targets and PD pathogenesis at the cellular level.展开更多
文摘Selecting acupoints according to channel pathway is the major point selection principle in acupuncture treatment for which there is a consensus. However, defining the disease location remains the premise of acupoint selection based on channel pathway. What is the substance of disease location identification in clinical acupuncture？ Besides indicating acupoint selection according to channel pathway, what guidance can it provide for acupuncture treatment？ This is the main topic discussed in this article.
文摘There have been multiple NOD2/CARD15 genotype- phenotype analyses undertaken in patients with Crohn’s disease since the gene’s discovery in 2001. This review focuses on the major published series based upon their size and on the presence of specific clinical and genetic information provided in the published material from 2001 to 2005. Twelve studies provided raw data to carry out comparisons of disease location while ten studies included analysis of NOD2/CARD15 genotypes. NOD2/CARD15 variant frequency in ileal disease did not differ significantly among studies, whereas a comparison of disease location demonstrated highly significant differences among studies. Meta-analysis confirmed significant associations between NOD2/CARD15 variants and both ileal and ileocolonic disease locations, and with both stricturing and penetrating forms of disease behavior. This review underlines the significant phenotypic differences that exist among populations, including similar ethnic groups, and has demonstrated the need for further studies of patients with long-term “inflammatory” Crohn’s disease.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.61960206012,T2293731,T2293730,62121003,T2293731,T2293730,and 62121003)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(nos.2022YFC2402501 and 2022YFB3205602)Major Program of Scientific and Technical Innovation 2030(no.2021ZD02016030).
文摘The globus pallidus internus(GPi)was considered a common target for stimulation in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Located deep in the brain and of small size,pinpointing it during surgery is challenging.Multi-channel microelectrode arrays(MEAs)can provide micrometer-level precision functional localization,which can maximize the surgical outcome.In this paper,a 64-channel MEA modified by platinum nanoparticles with a detection site impedance of 61.1 kΩ was designed and prepared,and multiple channels could be synchronized to cover the target brain region and its neighboring regions so that the GPi could be identified quickly and accurately.The results of the implant trajectory indicate that,compared to the control side,there is a reduction in local field potential(LFP)power in multiple subregions of the upper central thalamus on the PD-induced side,while the remaining brain regions exhibit an increasing trend.When the MEA tip was positioned at 8,700μm deep in the brain,the various characterizations of the spike signals,combined with the electrophysiological characteristics of the β-segmental oscillations in PD,enabled MEAs to localize the GPi at the single-cell level.More precise localization could be achieved by utilizing the distinct characteristics of the internal capsule(ic),the thalamic reticular nucleus(Rt),and the peduncular part of the lateral hypothalamus(PLH)brain regions,as well as the relative positions of these brain structures.The MEAs designed in this study provide a new detection method and tool for functional localization of PD targets and PD pathogenesis at the cellular level.
