Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with both overlapping and distinct clinical, pathological and biomolecular features. It has been ...Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with both overlapping and distinct clinical, pathological and biomolecular features. It has been suggested that pediatric IBD is a distinct disease entity, with probably different disease subtypes.The aim of this study is to review and summarize the evolution of the current concept of pediatric IBD. The results of this review reinforce the idea that pediatric CD and UC may be further classified in various clinicopathologic entities. For clinicians and pathologists convenience, practical algorithms for the distinction of the various subphenotypes of pediatric IBD are also provided.展开更多
Protein Klotho,beyond its role as a regulator of the phosphatemia,is also involved in the maintaining of the cardiovascular health,being associated its alterations with the development of cardiovascular damage and inc...Protein Klotho,beyond its role as a regulator of the phosphatemia,is also involved in the maintaining of the cardiovascular health,being associated its alterations with the development of cardiovascular damage and increased morbi-mortality. For all this,nowadays Klotho is the subject of a thorough research which is focused on uncover its intimate mechanisms of action,and in analyzing the utility of its modulation as a potential strategy with clinical applicability. Molecular mechanisms of Klotho are not well understood but an emerging research area links Klotho deficiency with vascular pathology. Changes in this protein have been associated with cardiovascular-related complications like inflammation,vascular calcification,and endothelial dysfunction. All this is particularly relevant if considering the recent discovery of Klotho expression in vascular tissue.展开更多
The origin of inflammatory bowel disease is unknown. Attempts have been made to isolate a microorganism that could explain the onset of inflammation, but no pathological agent has ever been identified. Johne ...The origin of inflammatory bowel disease is unknown. Attempts have been made to isolate a microorganism that could explain the onset of inflammation, but no pathological agent has ever been identified. Johne’s disease is a granulomatous chronic enteritis of cattle and sheep caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and shows some analogies with Crohn’s disease (CD). Several studies have tried to clarify if MAP has a role in the etiology of CD. The present article provides an overview of the evidence in favor and against the “MAP-hypothesis”, analyzing the methods commonly adopted to detect MAP and the role of antimycobacterial therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Studies were identified through the electronic database, MEDLINE, and were selected based on their relevance to the objective of the review. The presence of MAP was investigated using multiple diagnostic methods for MAP detection and in different tissue samples from patients affected by CD or ulcerative colitis and in healthy controls. On the basis of their studies, several authors support a close relationship between MAP and CD. Although increasing evidence of MAP detection in CD patients is unquestionable, a clear etiological link still needs to be proven.展开更多
Liver cancer is one of the world's most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), a primary hepatic cancer, accounts for 90%-95% of liver cancer cases. The pathog...Liver cancer is one of the world's most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), a primary hepatic cancer, accounts for 90%-95% of liver cancer cases. The pathogenesis of HCC consists of a stepwise process of liver damage that extends over decades, due to hepatitis, fatty liver, fibrosis, and cirrhosis before developing fully into HCC. Multiple risk factors are highly correlated with HCC, including infection with the hepatitis B or C viruses, alcohol abuse, aflatoxin exposure, and metabolic diseases. Over the last decade, genetic alterations, which include the regulation of multiple oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes and the activation of tumorigenesis-related pathways, have also been identified as important factors in HCC. Recently, zebrafish have become an important living vertebrate model organism, especially for translational medical research. In studies focusing on the biology of cancer, carcinogen induced tumors in zebrafish were found to have many similarities to human tumors. Several zebrafish models have therefore been developed to provide insight into the pathogenesis of liver cancer and the related drug discovery and toxicology, and to enable the evaluation of novel smallmolecule inhibitors. This review will focus on illustrativeexamples involving the application of zebrafish models to the study of human liver disease and HCC, through transgenesis, genome editing technology, xenografts,drug discovery, and drug-induced toxic liver injury.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Their etiologies are unknown, but they are charac...Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Their etiologies are unknown, but they are characterised by an imbalanced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, e.g., tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as increased recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Advantages in understanding the role of the inflammatory pathways in IBD and an inadequate response to conventional therapy in a large portion of patients, has over the last two decades lead to new therapies which includes the TNF inhibitors (TNFi), designed to target and neutralise the effect of TNF-α. TNFi have shown to be efficient in treating moderate to severe CD and UC. However, convenient alternative therapeutics targeting other immune pathways are needed for patients with IBD refractory to conventional therapy including TNFi. Indeed, several therapeutics are currently under development, and have shown success in clinical trials. These include antibodies targeting and neutralising interleukin-12/23, small pharmacologic Janus kinase inhibitors designed to block intracellular signaling of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, antibodies targeting integrins, and small anti-adhesion molecules that block adhesion between leukocytes and the intestinal vascular endothelium, reducing their infiltration into the inflamed mucosa. In this review we have elucidated the major signaling pathways of clinical importance for IBD therapy and highlighted the new promising therapies available. As stated in this paper several new treatment options are under development for the treatment of CD and UC, however, no drug fits all patients. Hence, optimisations of treatment regimens are warranted for the benefit of the patients either through biomarker establishment or other rationales to maximise the effect of the broad range of mode-of-actions of the present and future drugs in IBD.展开更多
We have read with interest the paper by Roman C.and colleagues discussing the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrial fibrillation.The review is presenting the available evidence for the common...We have read with interest the paper by Roman C.and colleagues discussing the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrial fibrillation.The review is presenting the available evidence for the common pathogenic mechanisms.However,from a cardiologist perspective,some available data were not highlighted in the review,cardiovascular involvement in gastroesophageal reflux is less assessed.Hypertension,obesity or diabetes mellitus are substrate for left atrial remodeling that initiate and sustained atrial fibrillation development.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms in atrial fibrillation is the presence of a trigger.Gastroesophageal reflux could be only a trigger for this arrhythmia.We believe that atrial fibrillation should be considered as possible extraesophageal syndrome in the gastroesophageal reflux classification.展开更多
Selective Ig M deficiency(s IGMD)is very rare;it may be associated with celiac disease(CD).We present the case of an 18-year-old man with s IGMD masking seronegative CD.Symptoms included abdominal pain,diarrhea and we...Selective Ig M deficiency(s IGMD)is very rare;it may be associated with celiac disease(CD).We present the case of an 18-year-old man with s IGMD masking seronegative CD.Symptoms included abdominal pain,diarrhea and weight loss.Laboratory tests showed reduced Ig M,DQ2-HLA and negative anti-transglutaminase.Villous atrophy and diffuse immature lymphocytes were observed at histology.Tissue transglutaminase m RNA mucosal levels showed a 6-fold increase.The patient was treated with a gluten-free diet(GFD)and six months later the symptoms had disappeared,the villous architecture was restored and mucosal tissue transglutaminase m RNA was comparable to that of healthy subjects.After 1 year of GFD,a complete restoration of normal Ig M values was observed and duodenal biopsy showed a reduction of immature lymphocytes and normal appearance of mature immune cells.展开更多
Objective:To study the correlation between cerebral small vascular disease and constitution types of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Methods:The severity of lacunar infarction and leukoaraiosis were graded in 230 pa...Objective:To study the correlation between cerebral small vascular disease and constitution types of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Methods:The severity of lacunar infarction and leukoaraiosis were graded in 230 patients with cerebral small vascular disease,and they were divided into TCM constitution types.The survey of TCM constitution types was carried out by using standardized TCM constitution scale,and order multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between TCM constitution types with severity of lacunar infarction and leukoaraiosis.Results:Yang-deficiency(阳虚)constitution,blood-stasis constitution and phlegm-dampness constitution were the most common TCM constitution types in patients with lacunar infarction,accounting for 33.7%,12.5%,11.5%respectively.Yang-deficiency constitution,blood-stasis constitution and Yin-deficiency(阴虚)constitution were the most common TCM constitution types in patients with leukoaraiosis,accounting for 28.8%,18.5%,13.7%respectively.There were significant differences in lacunar infarction of Yang-deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution(P<0.05),and there were significant differences in leukoaraiosis of phlegmdampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution(P<0.05).Single factor analysis showed that the main risk factors of lacunar infarction were age,smoking,alcohol consumption,Yang-deficiency constitution and blood-stasis constitution,and the main risk factors of leukoaraiosis were age,smoking,hypertensive disease,phlegm-dampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution.The ordered multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that the severity of lacunar infarction was closely related to age,and the severity of leukoplosis was closely related to age,smoking and hypertension disease.Conclusion:TCM constitution types of lacunar infarction in patients with small cerebral vascular disease is mainly Yang-deficiency constitution and blood-stasis constitution,and the risk factors include age,smoking,alcohol consumption,Yang-deficiency constitution and blood-stasis constitution.Age is closely related with lacunar infarction.TCM constitution types with leukoaraiosis are mainly phlegm-dampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution,and the risk factors are age,smoking,hypertension disease,phlegm-dampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution.Age,smoking and hypertension disease are closely related with leukoaraiosis.展开更多
AIM:To observe therapeutic effect of fum igation and steaming with Chinese drugs in the rheumatic diseases.METHODS:Drugs removing rheumatic disease,warming channels and dispersing cold,activating blood circul ation we...AIM:To observe therapeutic effect of fum igation and steaming with Chinese drugs in the rheumatic diseases.METHODS:Drugs removing rheumatic disease,warming channels and dispersing cold,activating blood circul ation were used for fumigation and steamin g treatment in 84cases with rheumati c diseases,once a day,20min each time ,10times as a treatment course.A-mong them,4cases received treatmen t for 2and 3course of treatment re-spectively.RESULTS:18cases were corrected completely,64were im-proved,2showed no improvement,and total effective rate was 98%.CONCLUSION:Through hot and therapeutic effect o f drugs,lesions can be managed directly in fumigation and s teaming treatment.展开更多
Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors.As a key participant in calcium signaling,Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its...Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors.As a key participant in calcium signaling,Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its six EF-hand domains,including endocrine granule secretion,synaptic vesicle release,and plays crucial roles in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.This review systematically summarizes Scgn’s structural characteristics,expression patterns,and multifaceted roles within the nervous system,while exploring its potential pathological significance and therapeutic value in neuropsychiatric disorders.Existing studies indicate that Scgn is specifically distributed in brain regions such as the olfactory bulb and hippocampus.It engages in Ca^(2+)-dependent interactions with key synaptic secretion molecules like SNAP-25 and Doc2α,thereby regulating neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity.Furthermore,pathological alterations in Scgn observed in diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and epilepsy suggest its potential as an early biomarker and therapeutic target,offering significant prospects for translational research.展开更多
Objective:The frontal lobe may be involved in circuits associated with depression,apathy,aggression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Although white matter changes(WMC)are related to the severity of behavioral and psycho...Objective:The frontal lobe may be involved in circuits associated with depression,apathy,aggression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Although white matter changes(WMC)are related to the severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD)in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),it is unclear which part of the WMC may play the most important role in BPSD.This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the location of WMC and the severity of BPSD in AD patients.Methods:Among patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease between 2009 and2014,387 patients were retrospectively reviewed after those with pre‐existing organic brain syndrome,psychiatric diseases,or toxic‐metabolic encephalopathy were excluded.Patients’demographic and laboratory data,WMC measured with brain computed tomography and scored using the age‐related white matter changes(ARWMC)scale,and neuropsychological tests,including the cognitive abilities screening instrument(CASI),the Mini‐Mental State Examination(MMSE),the clinical dementia rating scale with sum‐box(CDR‐SB),and the neuropsychiatric inventory(NPI)were analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in the NPI between patients with and without a history of stroke,hypertension,and diabetes.No significant difference in the NPI was identified between different sexes or different Apolipoprotein E(APOE)alleles.The NPI score was significantly correlated with the duration of education(r=–0.4515,P=0.0172),CASI(r=–0.2915,P<0.0001),MMSE(r=–0.8476,P<0.0001),and CDR‐SB(r=2.2839,P<0.0001).WMC in the right frontal lobe showed a significant difference in NPI in comparison to those without WMC(P=0.0255).After adjusting for age,duration of education,and CASI,WMC in the right frontal lobe remained significantly associated with the NPI score(β=3.8934,P=0.042).Conclusions:WMC involving the right frontal lobe may play an important role in the BPSD in AD patients during their dementia diagnosis.Further studies are necessary to confirm whether controlling the risk factors of WMC can slow the progression of BPSD.展开更多
Objective To investigate the changes in cortical excitability and inhibitory circuits of patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)or behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia(bv FTD)using transcranial magnetic stimulati...Objective To investigate the changes in cortical excitability and inhibitory circuits of patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)or behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia(bv FTD)using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).Methods Forty-four patients with AD,30 patients with bv FTD and 44 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.The epidemiological data展开更多
目的本研究旨在基于美国国家健康和营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库,探讨冠心病(CHD)患者非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比率(Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-...目的本研究旨在基于美国国家健康和营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库,探讨冠心病(CHD)患者非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比率(Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cho lesterol Ratio,NHHR)与其合并糖尿病(DM)的相关性,以期为冠心病患者合并糖尿病的预防和管理提供科学依据。方法研究数据来自NHANES数据库2007至2016年的调查数据。纳入符合冠心病和/或糖尿病病史、血脂数据完整的患者共603名,分为冠心病合并糖尿病组(n=255)和单纯冠心病组(n=348)。分析了两组在年龄、性别、种族、身体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)等协变量的差异,并采用logistic回归模型探讨高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、NHHR与冠心病患者合并糖尿病的关联。采用Spearman秩相关分析TC、HDL-C、NHHR与冠心病是否合并糖尿病的相关性。亚组分析估计不同水平变量下胆固醇指标与冠心病合并糖尿病风险之间的关联。结果冠心病合并糖尿病组的患者在年龄、性别、种族、BMI等方面与单纯冠心病组存在显著差异(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,HDL-C水平与糖尿病发生风险呈显著负相关(P<0.001),NHHR水平则显著增加糖尿病的发生风险(P<0.01),特别是在NHHR较高的患者中风险更为显著,亚组分析显示,在不同胆固醇水平(HDL-C、TC和NHHR)的分层中,NHHR的升高与CHD患者合并DM的风险显著增加,HDL-C的升高与DM合并风险降低具有显著相关性,(均P<0.05)。结论在冠心病患者中,HDL-C水平下降和NHHR水平升高与糖尿病的合并风险密切相关。NHHR可作为冠心病合并糖尿病的潜在预测因子,为临床提供了重要的参考,有助于早期识别和干预冠心病合并糖尿病的高危人群。展开更多
文摘Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with both overlapping and distinct clinical, pathological and biomolecular features. It has been suggested that pediatric IBD is a distinct disease entity, with probably different disease subtypes.The aim of this study is to review and summarize the evolution of the current concept of pediatric IBD. The results of this review reinforce the idea that pediatric CD and UC may be further classified in various clinicopathologic entities. For clinicians and pathologists convenience, practical algorithms for the distinction of the various subphenotypes of pediatric IBD are also provided.
文摘Protein Klotho,beyond its role as a regulator of the phosphatemia,is also involved in the maintaining of the cardiovascular health,being associated its alterations with the development of cardiovascular damage and increased morbi-mortality. For all this,nowadays Klotho is the subject of a thorough research which is focused on uncover its intimate mechanisms of action,and in analyzing the utility of its modulation as a potential strategy with clinical applicability. Molecular mechanisms of Klotho are not well understood but an emerging research area links Klotho deficiency with vascular pathology. Changes in this protein have been associated with cardiovascular-related complications like inflammation,vascular calcification,and endothelial dysfunction. All this is particularly relevant if considering the recent discovery of Klotho expression in vascular tissue.
文摘The origin of inflammatory bowel disease is unknown. Attempts have been made to isolate a microorganism that could explain the onset of inflammation, but no pathological agent has ever been identified. Johne’s disease is a granulomatous chronic enteritis of cattle and sheep caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and shows some analogies with Crohn’s disease (CD). Several studies have tried to clarify if MAP has a role in the etiology of CD. The present article provides an overview of the evidence in favor and against the “MAP-hypothesis”, analyzing the methods commonly adopted to detect MAP and the role of antimycobacterial therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Studies were identified through the electronic database, MEDLINE, and were selected based on their relevance to the objective of the review. The presence of MAP was investigated using multiple diagnostic methods for MAP detection and in different tissue samples from patients affected by CD or ulcerative colitis and in healthy controls. On the basis of their studies, several authors support a close relationship between MAP and CD. Although increasing evidence of MAP detection in CD patients is unquestionable, a clear etiological link still needs to be proven.
基金Supported by Grants from the National Science Council,NSC102-2314-B-002-142-MY3 and NSC-102-2628-B-002-029-MY3,Taiwan
文摘Liver cancer is one of the world's most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), a primary hepatic cancer, accounts for 90%-95% of liver cancer cases. The pathogenesis of HCC consists of a stepwise process of liver damage that extends over decades, due to hepatitis, fatty liver, fibrosis, and cirrhosis before developing fully into HCC. Multiple risk factors are highly correlated with HCC, including infection with the hepatitis B or C viruses, alcohol abuse, aflatoxin exposure, and metabolic diseases. Over the last decade, genetic alterations, which include the regulation of multiple oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes and the activation of tumorigenesis-related pathways, have also been identified as important factors in HCC. Recently, zebrafish have become an important living vertebrate model organism, especially for translational medical research. In studies focusing on the biology of cancer, carcinogen induced tumors in zebrafish were found to have many similarities to human tumors. Several zebrafish models have therefore been developed to provide insight into the pathogenesis of liver cancer and the related drug discovery and toxicology, and to enable the evaluation of novel smallmolecule inhibitors. This review will focus on illustrativeexamples involving the application of zebrafish models to the study of human liver disease and HCC, through transgenesis, genome editing technology, xenografts,drug discovery, and drug-induced toxic liver injury.
基金Supported by Grants from the Foundation of Aase and Ejnar Danielsenthe Foundation of Axel Muusfeldtthe A P Mφller Foundation("Fonden til Lgevidenskabens Fremme")
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Their etiologies are unknown, but they are characterised by an imbalanced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, e.g., tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as increased recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Advantages in understanding the role of the inflammatory pathways in IBD and an inadequate response to conventional therapy in a large portion of patients, has over the last two decades lead to new therapies which includes the TNF inhibitors (TNFi), designed to target and neutralise the effect of TNF-α. TNFi have shown to be efficient in treating moderate to severe CD and UC. However, convenient alternative therapeutics targeting other immune pathways are needed for patients with IBD refractory to conventional therapy including TNFi. Indeed, several therapeutics are currently under development, and have shown success in clinical trials. These include antibodies targeting and neutralising interleukin-12/23, small pharmacologic Janus kinase inhibitors designed to block intracellular signaling of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, antibodies targeting integrins, and small anti-adhesion molecules that block adhesion between leukocytes and the intestinal vascular endothelium, reducing their infiltration into the inflamed mucosa. In this review we have elucidated the major signaling pathways of clinical importance for IBD therapy and highlighted the new promising therapies available. As stated in this paper several new treatment options are under development for the treatment of CD and UC, however, no drug fits all patients. Hence, optimisations of treatment regimens are warranted for the benefit of the patients either through biomarker establishment or other rationales to maximise the effect of the broad range of mode-of-actions of the present and future drugs in IBD.
基金Supported by A grant from University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T.Popa Iasi,Romania,No.POSDRU/159/1.5/S/133377
文摘We have read with interest the paper by Roman C.and colleagues discussing the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrial fibrillation.The review is presenting the available evidence for the common pathogenic mechanisms.However,from a cardiologist perspective,some available data were not highlighted in the review,cardiovascular involvement in gastroesophageal reflux is less assessed.Hypertension,obesity or diabetes mellitus are substrate for left atrial remodeling that initiate and sustained atrial fibrillation development.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms in atrial fibrillation is the presence of a trigger.Gastroesophageal reflux could be only a trigger for this arrhythmia.We believe that atrial fibrillation should be considered as possible extraesophageal syndrome in the gastroesophageal reflux classification.
文摘Selective Ig M deficiency(s IGMD)is very rare;it may be associated with celiac disease(CD).We present the case of an 18-year-old man with s IGMD masking seronegative CD.Symptoms included abdominal pain,diarrhea and weight loss.Laboratory tests showed reduced Ig M,DQ2-HLA and negative anti-transglutaminase.Villous atrophy and diffuse immature lymphocytes were observed at histology.Tissue transglutaminase m RNA mucosal levels showed a 6-fold increase.The patient was treated with a gluten-free diet(GFD)and six months later the symptoms had disappeared,the villous architecture was restored and mucosal tissue transglutaminase m RNA was comparable to that of healthy subjects.After 1 year of GFD,a complete restoration of normal Ig M values was observed and duodenal biopsy showed a reduction of immature lymphocytes and normal appearance of mature immune cells.
文摘Objective:To study the correlation between cerebral small vascular disease and constitution types of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Methods:The severity of lacunar infarction and leukoaraiosis were graded in 230 patients with cerebral small vascular disease,and they were divided into TCM constitution types.The survey of TCM constitution types was carried out by using standardized TCM constitution scale,and order multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between TCM constitution types with severity of lacunar infarction and leukoaraiosis.Results:Yang-deficiency(阳虚)constitution,blood-stasis constitution and phlegm-dampness constitution were the most common TCM constitution types in patients with lacunar infarction,accounting for 33.7%,12.5%,11.5%respectively.Yang-deficiency constitution,blood-stasis constitution and Yin-deficiency(阴虚)constitution were the most common TCM constitution types in patients with leukoaraiosis,accounting for 28.8%,18.5%,13.7%respectively.There were significant differences in lacunar infarction of Yang-deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution(P<0.05),and there were significant differences in leukoaraiosis of phlegmdampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution(P<0.05).Single factor analysis showed that the main risk factors of lacunar infarction were age,smoking,alcohol consumption,Yang-deficiency constitution and blood-stasis constitution,and the main risk factors of leukoaraiosis were age,smoking,hypertensive disease,phlegm-dampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution.The ordered multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that the severity of lacunar infarction was closely related to age,and the severity of leukoplosis was closely related to age,smoking and hypertension disease.Conclusion:TCM constitution types of lacunar infarction in patients with small cerebral vascular disease is mainly Yang-deficiency constitution and blood-stasis constitution,and the risk factors include age,smoking,alcohol consumption,Yang-deficiency constitution and blood-stasis constitution.Age is closely related with lacunar infarction.TCM constitution types with leukoaraiosis are mainly phlegm-dampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution,and the risk factors are age,smoking,hypertension disease,phlegm-dampness constitution and blood-stasis constitution.Age,smoking and hypertension disease are closely related with leukoaraiosis.
文摘AIM:To observe therapeutic effect of fum igation and steaming with Chinese drugs in the rheumatic diseases.METHODS:Drugs removing rheumatic disease,warming channels and dispersing cold,activating blood circul ation were used for fumigation and steamin g treatment in 84cases with rheumati c diseases,once a day,20min each time ,10times as a treatment course.A-mong them,4cases received treatmen t for 2and 3course of treatment re-spectively.RESULTS:18cases were corrected completely,64were im-proved,2showed no improvement,and total effective rate was 98%.CONCLUSION:Through hot and therapeutic effect o f drugs,lesions can be managed directly in fumigation and s teaming treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32170699,32200560)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2022CFB906,2025AFA009)。
文摘Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors.As a key participant in calcium signaling,Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its six EF-hand domains,including endocrine granule secretion,synaptic vesicle release,and plays crucial roles in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.This review systematically summarizes Scgn’s structural characteristics,expression patterns,and multifaceted roles within the nervous system,while exploring its potential pathological significance and therapeutic value in neuropsychiatric disorders.Existing studies indicate that Scgn is specifically distributed in brain regions such as the olfactory bulb and hippocampus.It engages in Ca^(2+)-dependent interactions with key synaptic secretion molecules like SNAP-25 and Doc2α,thereby regulating neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity.Furthermore,pathological alterations in Scgn observed in diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and epilepsy suggest its potential as an early biomarker and therapeutic target,offering significant prospects for translational research.
文摘Objective:The frontal lobe may be involved in circuits associated with depression,apathy,aggression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Although white matter changes(WMC)are related to the severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD)in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),it is unclear which part of the WMC may play the most important role in BPSD.This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the location of WMC and the severity of BPSD in AD patients.Methods:Among patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease between 2009 and2014,387 patients were retrospectively reviewed after those with pre‐existing organic brain syndrome,psychiatric diseases,or toxic‐metabolic encephalopathy were excluded.Patients’demographic and laboratory data,WMC measured with brain computed tomography and scored using the age‐related white matter changes(ARWMC)scale,and neuropsychological tests,including the cognitive abilities screening instrument(CASI),the Mini‐Mental State Examination(MMSE),the clinical dementia rating scale with sum‐box(CDR‐SB),and the neuropsychiatric inventory(NPI)were analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in the NPI between patients with and without a history of stroke,hypertension,and diabetes.No significant difference in the NPI was identified between different sexes or different Apolipoprotein E(APOE)alleles.The NPI score was significantly correlated with the duration of education(r=–0.4515,P=0.0172),CASI(r=–0.2915,P<0.0001),MMSE(r=–0.8476,P<0.0001),and CDR‐SB(r=2.2839,P<0.0001).WMC in the right frontal lobe showed a significant difference in NPI in comparison to those without WMC(P=0.0255).After adjusting for age,duration of education,and CASI,WMC in the right frontal lobe remained significantly associated with the NPI score(β=3.8934,P=0.042).Conclusions:WMC involving the right frontal lobe may play an important role in the BPSD in AD patients during their dementia diagnosis.Further studies are necessary to confirm whether controlling the risk factors of WMC can slow the progression of BPSD.
文摘Objective To investigate the changes in cortical excitability and inhibitory circuits of patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)or behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia(bv FTD)using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).Methods Forty-four patients with AD,30 patients with bv FTD and 44 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.The epidemiological data
文摘目的本研究旨在基于美国国家健康和营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库,探讨冠心病(CHD)患者非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比率(Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cho lesterol Ratio,NHHR)与其合并糖尿病(DM)的相关性,以期为冠心病患者合并糖尿病的预防和管理提供科学依据。方法研究数据来自NHANES数据库2007至2016年的调查数据。纳入符合冠心病和/或糖尿病病史、血脂数据完整的患者共603名,分为冠心病合并糖尿病组(n=255)和单纯冠心病组(n=348)。分析了两组在年龄、性别、种族、身体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)等协变量的差异,并采用logistic回归模型探讨高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、NHHR与冠心病患者合并糖尿病的关联。采用Spearman秩相关分析TC、HDL-C、NHHR与冠心病是否合并糖尿病的相关性。亚组分析估计不同水平变量下胆固醇指标与冠心病合并糖尿病风险之间的关联。结果冠心病合并糖尿病组的患者在年龄、性别、种族、BMI等方面与单纯冠心病组存在显著差异(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,HDL-C水平与糖尿病发生风险呈显著负相关(P<0.001),NHHR水平则显著增加糖尿病的发生风险(P<0.01),特别是在NHHR较高的患者中风险更为显著,亚组分析显示,在不同胆固醇水平(HDL-C、TC和NHHR)的分层中,NHHR的升高与CHD患者合并DM的风险显著增加,HDL-C的升高与DM合并风险降低具有显著相关性,(均P<0.05)。结论在冠心病患者中,HDL-C水平下降和NHHR水平升高与糖尿病的合并风险密切相关。NHHR可作为冠心病合并糖尿病的潜在预测因子,为临床提供了重要的参考,有助于早期识别和干预冠心病合并糖尿病的高危人群。
