1.Introduction In recent years,intensifying climate extremes have triggered a sharp increase in global natural disasters,over 90%attributable to water-related hazards,particularly floods(Hirabayashi et al.,2013).Over ...1.Introduction In recent years,intensifying climate extremes have triggered a sharp increase in global natural disasters,over 90%attributable to water-related hazards,particularly floods(Hirabayashi et al.,2013).Over the past two decades,floods have inundated approximately 2.23 million km2 of land worldwide(Tellman et al.,2021),affecting over 250 million people and causing economic losses exceeding USD 651 billion(Devitt et al.,2023).Recent catastrophic floods in Pakistan,landslides in Indonesia,and dike breaches in China have intensified concerns over the effectiveness of current flood management strategies.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grants No.2022YFF0802401 and 2023YFF0806900)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grants No.2023M743456,GZB20230740,and 2024T170908).
文摘1.Introduction In recent years,intensifying climate extremes have triggered a sharp increase in global natural disasters,over 90%attributable to water-related hazards,particularly floods(Hirabayashi et al.,2013).Over the past two decades,floods have inundated approximately 2.23 million km2 of land worldwide(Tellman et al.,2021),affecting over 250 million people and causing economic losses exceeding USD 651 billion(Devitt et al.,2023).Recent catastrophic floods in Pakistan,landslides in Indonesia,and dike breaches in China have intensified concerns over the effectiveness of current flood management strategies.
