As a disaster prevention measure based on self-assistance and mutual assistance,disaster prevention maps are being created with citizen participation throughout Japan.The process of creating disaster prevention maps i...As a disaster prevention measure based on self-assistance and mutual assistance,disaster prevention maps are being created with citizen participation throughout Japan.The process of creating disaster prevention maps is itself a disaster prevention measure that contributes to raising awareness of disaster prevention by promoting exchange and cooperation within the region.By focusing on relations between road networks and hazardous elements,we developed a system to support disaster prevention map creation that visualizes roads at high risk during a disaster and facilitates the study of evacuation simulations.This system leads to a completed disaster prevention map in three phases.In the first phase,we use a device with GPS logging functions to collect information related to hazardous elements.In the second phase,we use Google Maps(“online map,”below)to visualize roads with high evacuation risk.In the final phase,we perform a regional evaluation through simulations of disaster-time evacuations.In experimental verifications,by conducting usability tests after creating a disaster prevention map in the target area,we evaluated the system in terms of simple operability and visibility.We found that by implementing this series of processes,even users lacking specialized knowledge regarding disaster prevention can intuitively discover evacuation routes while considering the relations between visualized road networks and hazardous elements.These results show that compared with disaster prevention maps having simple site notations using existing WebGIS systems,disaster prevention maps created by residents while inspecting the target area raise awareness of risks present in the immediate vicinity even in normal times and are an effective support system for prompt disaster prevention measures and evacuation drills.展开更多
Novel technologies have been necessary for improving fruit quality and productivity of citrus,labor-saving and orchard conservation on steep slope lands since aging of growers and decrease in the number of successors ...Novel technologies have been necessary for improving fruit quality and productivity of citrus,labor-saving and orchard conservation on steep slope lands since aging of growers and decrease in the number of successors is remarkable in mountain areas of southwestern Japan.The purpose of this paper is to introduce new technologies for improving citrus production that have been developed in recent years.A new fruit quality control system using drip irrigation and liquid fertilization technique combined with year-round plastic mulching was developed,and it enables high quality and stable citrus fruit production.Water and/or nutrient solution is automatically supplied through drip tubes that are laid under the mulching sheets to give adequate water stress,so as to improve sugar and acid content of fruit.A new transportation system for steep sloping citrus orchards,which is a combination of the monorail system and contour narrow paths,was suggested.A small walking cultivator was developed to explain the procedure of narrow path excavation.After introducing the narrow path,working hours for fertilizer and chemical herbicide application were reduced.Disaster prevention mapping of citrus orchards on slope lands was developed based on computer-aided seepage estimation and topographic data.The mapping can show zones of both ascending flow and descending flow of underground water during heavy rains in citrus orchards.The mapping is considered to be effective for the management of orchards and prevention of erosion on slope lands.展开更多
基金This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP20K20122.
文摘As a disaster prevention measure based on self-assistance and mutual assistance,disaster prevention maps are being created with citizen participation throughout Japan.The process of creating disaster prevention maps is itself a disaster prevention measure that contributes to raising awareness of disaster prevention by promoting exchange and cooperation within the region.By focusing on relations between road networks and hazardous elements,we developed a system to support disaster prevention map creation that visualizes roads at high risk during a disaster and facilitates the study of evacuation simulations.This system leads to a completed disaster prevention map in three phases.In the first phase,we use a device with GPS logging functions to collect information related to hazardous elements.In the second phase,we use Google Maps(“online map,”below)to visualize roads with high evacuation risk.In the final phase,we perform a regional evaluation through simulations of disaster-time evacuations.In experimental verifications,by conducting usability tests after creating a disaster prevention map in the target area,we evaluated the system in terms of simple operability and visibility.We found that by implementing this series of processes,even users lacking specialized knowledge regarding disaster prevention can intuitively discover evacuation routes while considering the relations between visualized road networks and hazardous elements.These results show that compared with disaster prevention maps having simple site notations using existing WebGIS systems,disaster prevention maps created by residents while inspecting the target area raise awareness of risks present in the immediate vicinity even in normal times and are an effective support system for prompt disaster prevention measures and evacuation drills.
文摘Novel technologies have been necessary for improving fruit quality and productivity of citrus,labor-saving and orchard conservation on steep slope lands since aging of growers and decrease in the number of successors is remarkable in mountain areas of southwestern Japan.The purpose of this paper is to introduce new technologies for improving citrus production that have been developed in recent years.A new fruit quality control system using drip irrigation and liquid fertilization technique combined with year-round plastic mulching was developed,and it enables high quality and stable citrus fruit production.Water and/or nutrient solution is automatically supplied through drip tubes that are laid under the mulching sheets to give adequate water stress,so as to improve sugar and acid content of fruit.A new transportation system for steep sloping citrus orchards,which is a combination of the monorail system and contour narrow paths,was suggested.A small walking cultivator was developed to explain the procedure of narrow path excavation.After introducing the narrow path,working hours for fertilizer and chemical herbicide application were reduced.Disaster prevention mapping of citrus orchards on slope lands was developed based on computer-aided seepage estimation and topographic data.The mapping can show zones of both ascending flow and descending flow of underground water during heavy rains in citrus orchards.The mapping is considered to be effective for the management of orchards and prevention of erosion on slope lands.
