1 A few decades ago,it was common to see groups of chil-dren riding bikes down quiet American streets.However,this scene is less likely to be seen today.In the 1990s,an average of 20.5 million children aged 7 to 17 ro...1 A few decades ago,it was common to see groups of chil-dren riding bikes down quiet American streets.However,this scene is less likely to be seen today.In the 1990s,an average of 20.5 million children aged 7 to 17 rode bikes six or more times a year,according to the National Sporting Goods Association.By 2023,this number had dropped to about 10.9 million,with less than 5%of them riding frequently.展开更多
My favorite TV series is Stranger Things.It is a popular American science fiction drama.The story takes place in a small town in the1980s.A young b oy named W ill mysteriously disappears.His friends,family,and the pol...My favorite TV series is Stranger Things.It is a popular American science fiction drama.The story takes place in a small town in the1980s.A young b oy named W ill mysteriously disappears.His friends,family,and the police start to search for answers.As they look for Will,they find something strange:there are some mysterious forces and a girl with special powers.展开更多
Every summer,Oregons Lost Lake disappears down a couple of volcanic tunnels,only to return in the fall,as a number of streams start flowing into what looks like a peaceful meadow.Driving past Lost Lake in the late fal...Every summer,Oregons Lost Lake disappears down a couple of volcanic tunnels,only to return in the fall,as a number of streams start flowing into what looks like a peaceful meadow.Driving past Lost Lake in the late fall or in the winter,you may not pay much attention to the seemingly plain body of water,but making the same drive in the late spring or in the summer.展开更多
Humans have been fighting against the Ebola virus disease （EVD） since its first outbreak in 1976 in southern Sudan and Yambuku in Zaire which lies on the Ebola River. According to the data from the World Health Orga...Humans have been fighting against the Ebola virus disease （EVD） since its first outbreak in 1976 in southern Sudan and Yambuku in Zaire which lies on the Ebola River. According to the data from the World Health Organization （WHO, 2014b）, the first outbreak claimed 431 lives in 1976, and the disease awoke transiently in Sudan three years later and then disappeared for 15 years afterwards. Following that, large outbreaks appeared in 1995 in Zaire with 250 deaths of people, 2001-2002 in Uganda with 224 deaths, 2002-2003 in Congo with 128 deaths, and 2007 in Congo with 187 deaths.展开更多
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the commonest cancers with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed each year in the world. It remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and accounts for &a...Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the commonest cancers with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed each year in the world. It remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and accounts for > 600000 cancer-related deaths each year. There have been significant advances in treatment of metastatic CRC in last decade or so, due to availability of new active targeted agents and more aggressive approach towards the management of CRC, particularly with liver-only-metastases; however, these drugs work best when combined with conventional chemotherapy agents. Despite these advances, there is a lack of biomarkers to inform us about the accurate management of the patients with metastatic CRC. It is therefore imperative to carefully select the patients with comprehensive multi-disciplinary team input in order to optimise the management of these patients. In this review we will discuss various treatment options available in management of colorectal liver metastases with potential guidance on how and when to choose these options along with consideration on future directions in management of this disease.展开更多
Colorectal carcinoma(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,and up to 50%of patients with CRC develop colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).For these patients,surgical resection remains the on...Colorectal carcinoma(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,and up to 50%of patients with CRC develop colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).For these patients,surgical resection remains the only opportunity for cure and long-term survival.Over the past few decades,outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC have improved significantly due to advances in systemic therapy,as well as improvements in operative technique and perioperative care.Chemotherapy in the modern era of oxaliplatin-and irinotecancontaining regimens has been augmented by the introduction of targeted biologics and immunotherapeutic agents.The increasing efficacy of contemporary systemic therapies has led to an expansion in the proportion of patients eligible for curative-intent surgery.Consequently,the use of neoadjuvant strategies is becoming progressively more established.For patients with CRLM,the primary advantage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NCT)is the potential to down-stage metastatic disease in order to facilitate hepatic resection.On the other hand,the routine use of NCT for patients with resectable metastases remains controversial,especially given the potential risk of inducing chemotherapy-associated liver injury prior to hepatectomy.Current guidelines recommend upfront surgery in patients with initially resectable disease and low operative risk,reserving NCT for patients with borderline resectable or unresectable disease and high operative risk.Patients undergoing NCT require close monitoring for tumor response and conversion of CRLM to resectability.In light of the growing number of treatment options available to patients with metastatic CRC,it is generally agreed that these patients are best served at tertiary centers with an expert multidisciplinary team.展开更多
Minqin Oasis is located in the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River Basin, northeast of the Heixi Corridor, at the middle of the Silk Road. Because of the its existence, Badain Jaran Desert and Tengger Desert cannot c...Minqin Oasis is located in the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River Basin, northeast of the Heixi Corridor, at the middle of the Silk Road. Because of the its existence, Badain Jaran Desert and Tengger Desert cannot converge and develop in the south. It has always been an important green barrier to guarantee the eco-security of Hexi Corridor and the Silk Road for thousands of years. But in recent decades, Minqin Oasis is becoming smaller and the desert is becoming larger. Many people, especially the governmental officials in the lower reaches think that the upper and middle reaches have robbed the lower reaches of water resources, and caused insufficient water usage and the deteriorated eco-environment, in the lower reaches, However, the governmental officials in the upper and middle reaches claim that the whole river basin should take the upper and middle reaches as the key regions to develop economy. To address the above argument, we analyze the reasons why Minqin Oasis is disappearing, and find that there are two main factors. One is the quick development of population and economy in the upper and middle reaches; the other is the rapid development of population and economy in the lower reaches. The two factors both have great effect on the water utilization for eco-environment in the lower reaches. So Minqin Oasis is disappearing not only because of the upper and middle reaches but also because of the growth of population and economy itself. The lower reaches should not completely blame the upper and middle reaches. The upper and middle reaches should also pay more attention to the eco-environment in the lower reaches. The whole river basin should develop a harmonious and sustainable relationship among the upper, middle and lower reaches.展开更多
A model of guided circumferential waves propagating in double-walled carbon nanotubes is built by the theory of wave propagation in continuum mechanics, while the van der Waals force between the inner and outer nanotu...A model of guided circumferential waves propagating in double-walled carbon nanotubes is built by the theory of wave propagation in continuum mechanics, while the van der Waals force between the inner and outer nanotube has been taken into account in the model. The dispersion curves of the guided circumferential wave propagation are studied, and some dispersion characteristics are illustrated by comparing with those of single-walled carbon nanotubes. It is found that in double-walled carbon nanotubes, the guided circumferential waves will propagate in more dispersive ways. More interactions between neighboring wave modes may take place. In particular, it has been found that a couple of wave modes may disappear at a certain frequency and that, while a couple of wave modes disappear, another new couple of wave modes are excited at the same wave number.展开更多
In this article, the authors deal with the Cauchy problem of a nonlinear parabolic equation with variable density and absorption. By using energy methods, the authors prove that the interfaces can disappear in finite ...In this article, the authors deal with the Cauchy problem of a nonlinear parabolic equation with variable density and absorption. By using energy methods, the authors prove that the interfaces can disappear in finite time under some assumptions on the density functions.展开更多
From Dec. 1990 to Dec. 1993, 278 cases of cervical spondylopathy were treated with electroacupuncture and massotherapy. The cure rate was 82.7%; but in the control group, it was only 61%, indicating that electroacupun...From Dec. 1990 to Dec. 1993, 278 cases of cervical spondylopathy were treated with electroacupuncture and massotherapy. The cure rate was 82.7%; but in the control group, it was only 61%, indicating that electroacupuncture may enhance the cure rate (P【 0.05). Of the 278 cases treated by three to five sessions, the pain and numbness disappeared in about 96% of the patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although norepinephrine injection is commonly used in emergency situations,it is associated with risks for elderly patients with spasmodic liver pain.This study explores the safety and effectiveness of mebe...BACKGROUND Although norepinephrine injection is commonly used in emergency situations,it is associated with risks for elderly patients with spasmodic liver pain.This study explores the safety and effectiveness of mebendazole injection,an alternative treatment option,for the emergency management of spasmodic abdominal pain,while minimizing adverse reactions,in elderly patients.AIM To explore the development of norepinephrine injection and the adverse reactions of this drug in emergency elderly patients with spasmodic liver pain.METHODS The control group consisted of 56 elderly patients visiting our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021.After hospital admission,the control group was intravenously administered tolopin.The experimental group consisted of 56 emergency patients with spasmodic abdominal pain who visited our hospital until June 2022.After hospital admission,the experimental group was intravenously administered toloxazole.The two groups were treated for 3 d.The disappearance of clinical symptoms was observed before and after the treatment,and the difference in adverse reactions between the two groups was compared.RESULTS The pain of the wife,fire,diarrhea,drowning,and surrounding time disappeared in the experimental group.No statistical difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in visual pain analog scale(VAS)scores before and after the treatment(P>0.05).The VAS scores of abdominal pain severity after 0.5 h,1.0 h,and after 6.0 h of treatment were significantly lower for the experimental group than for the control group.After the treatment,the therapeutic effect in the experimental group was higher and statistically significant than that in the control group(P<0.05).The probability of adverse reactions before the treatment was lower in the experimental group than in the control group.CONCLUSION During emergency,mebendazole injection exhibited a good therapeutic value when used for the clinical treatment of elderly patients with spasmodic stomach pain.It accelerated the disappearance of clinical symptoms such as stomach pain,reduced the stomach weight,and improved clinical activity.Reducing and promoting the frequency of high treatment safety with mebendazole injection is worthwhile.展开更多
In this article I discuss data from a series of experiments in which readers’ eye movements were recorded as they processed sentences in which each word disappeared or was masked 60ms after fixation onset. We used th...In this article I discuss data from a series of experiments in which readers’ eye movements were recorded as they processed sentences in which each word disappeared or was masked 60ms after fixation onset. We used this paradigm to investigate whether we could induce a gap effect during reading, and how visual and linguistic factors affected eye movements under these conditions. The data showed that no gap effect occurred in our experiment. Overall reading times were the same under normal and disappearing presentation conditions. However, readers did adopt a strategy of making fewer but longer fixations when the text disappeared than when it did not. Additionally, clear frequency effects occurred regardless of whether the text was presented normally or disappeared. This finding indicates that while the visual uptake of information is important, cognitive processes associated with the lexical identification of words are a primary influence on when readers move their eyes during reading. The findings are taken to support the E-Z Reader model of eye movement control.展开更多
This study gives an analytical solution for wave interaction with a partially reflecting vertical wall protected by a submerged porous bar based on linear potential theory. The whole study domain is divided into multi...This study gives an analytical solution for wave interaction with a partially reflecting vertical wall protected by a submerged porous bar based on linear potential theory. The whole study domain is divided into multiple sub-regions in relation to the structures. The velocity potential in each sub-region is written as a series solution by the separation of variables. A partially reflecting boundary condition is used to describe the partial reflection of a vertical wall. Unknown expansion coefficients in the series solutions are determined by matching velocity potentials among different sub-regions. The analytical solution is verified by an independently developed multi-domain boundary element method(BEM) solution and experimental data. The wave run-up and wave force on the partially reflecting vertical wall are estimated and examined, which can be effectively reduced by the submerged porous bar. The horizontal space between the vertical wall and the submerged porous bar is a key factor, which affects the sheltering function of the porous bar. The wave resonance between the porous bar and the vertical wall may disappear when the vertical wall has a low reflection coefficient. The present analytical solution may be used to determine the optimum parameters of structures at a preliminary engineering design stage.展开更多
BACKGROUND To discuss the rare event of spontaneous resolution of a lumbar ganglion cyst,a personal case report and 25 cases culled from the literature were described in detail.We focused on demographic,classification...BACKGROUND To discuss the rare event of spontaneous resolution of a lumbar ganglion cyst,a personal case report and 25 cases culled from the literature were described in detail.We focused on demographic,classification,clinical and radiological findings,treatment,outcome and radiological resolution.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old man presented to our observation with complaints of low back and right leg pain.Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).showed a L4-L5 ganglion cyst.The patient was referred to medical therapy and bracing.After 4 wk,he showed a complete resolution of pain.The complete spontaneous resolution of the cyst was demonstrated by the followed-up MRI.CONCLUSION Spontaneous resolution of lumbar ganglion is very rare and only 26 cases,including ours,were reported in literature.Different degrees of biomechanical impairment seem to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis.Related symptoms are essentially represented by low back and/or radicular pain,without significant neurological disorders.Anti-inflammatory drugs,light unloading exercises and brace could be recommended to administrated pain and decrease facet loads.Mean time for clinical improvement was 7 mo,while MRI disappearance occurred in an average time of 11 mo.Therefore,surgery should be applied when conservative treatment,prolonged at least 6 mo,fails.展开更多
The ipsilateral motor pathway from the unaffected motor cortex to the affected extremity is one of the motor recovery mechanisms following stroke （Jang, 2011）. Because stroke patients who had shown recovery by this ...The ipsilateral motor pathway from the unaffected motor cortex to the affected extremity is one of the motor recovery mechanisms following stroke （Jang, 2011）. Because stroke patients who had shown recovery by this mechanism usually showed poorer motor function, compared with patients who showed recovery by other mechanisms, several researchers have considered this mechanism as a maladaptive plasticity （]ang, 2013）.展开更多
Silicon carbide（SiC）-alumina（Al_2O_3）-mullite（Al_6Si_2O_（13）） composite powder was successfully synthesized at 1 550 ℃ for 5 h via carbothermal reduction reaction,and the effects of various mass ratios of act...Silicon carbide（SiC）-alumina（Al_2O_3）-mullite（Al_6Si_2O_（13）） composite powder was successfully synthesized at 1 550 ℃ for 5 h via carbothermal reduction reaction,and the effects of various mass ratios of active carbon to fly ash（0.38,0.44 and 0.58） on the phase composition and microstructure of products were investigated,and the formation process of the powder was also analyzed in detail.The products mainly consist ofβ-SiC,α-Al_2O_3,Al_6Si_2O_（13） and FeSi.Increasing carbon content favors the decomposition of Al_6Si_2O_（13） and formation of SiC.The average particle size of β-SiC andα-Al_2O_3 is about 1 μm and that of Al_6Si_2O_（13） is 5-10μm.The formation process of SiC-Al_2O_3-Al_6Si_2O_（13）powder includes the decomposition of mullite in fly ash and formation of SiC.展开更多
The disappearance of collective flow for <sup>64</sup>Zn+<sup>58</sup>Ni collisions is studied withBUU equation.It is found that the balance energy,E<sub>bal</sub>,is very sensitive...The disappearance of collective flow for <sup>64</sup>Zn+<sup>58</sup>Ni collisions is studied withBUU equation.It is found that the balance energy,E<sub>bal</sub>,is very sensitive to the in-me-dium nucleon-nucleon cross section and increases with the impact parameter.展开更多
文摘1 A few decades ago,it was common to see groups of chil-dren riding bikes down quiet American streets.However,this scene is less likely to be seen today.In the 1990s,an average of 20.5 million children aged 7 to 17 rode bikes six or more times a year,according to the National Sporting Goods Association.By 2023,this number had dropped to about 10.9 million,with less than 5%of them riding frequently.
文摘My favorite TV series is Stranger Things.It is a popular American science fiction drama.The story takes place in a small town in the1980s.A young b oy named W ill mysteriously disappears.His friends,family,and the police start to search for answers.As they look for Will,they find something strange:there are some mysterious forces and a girl with special powers.
文摘Every summer,Oregons Lost Lake disappears down a couple of volcanic tunnels,only to return in the fall,as a number of streams start flowing into what looks like a peaceful meadow.Driving past Lost Lake in the late fall or in the winter,you may not pay much attention to the seemingly plain body of water,but making the same drive in the late spring or in the summer.
文摘Humans have been fighting against the Ebola virus disease （EVD） since its first outbreak in 1976 in southern Sudan and Yambuku in Zaire which lies on the Ebola River. According to the data from the World Health Organization （WHO, 2014b）, the first outbreak claimed 431 lives in 1976, and the disease awoke transiently in Sudan three years later and then disappeared for 15 years afterwards. Following that, large outbreaks appeared in 1995 in Zaire with 250 deaths of people, 2001-2002 in Uganda with 224 deaths, 2002-2003 in Congo with 128 deaths, and 2007 in Congo with 187 deaths.
基金Supported by the National Institute for Health Research(NIHR)Biomedical Research Centre(BRC)at the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research and the Robert McAlpine Charity(partly,for Khurum Khan)
文摘Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the commonest cancers with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed each year in the world. It remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and accounts for > 600000 cancer-related deaths each year. There have been significant advances in treatment of metastatic CRC in last decade or so, due to availability of new active targeted agents and more aggressive approach towards the management of CRC, particularly with liver-only-metastases; however, these drugs work best when combined with conventional chemotherapy agents. Despite these advances, there is a lack of biomarkers to inform us about the accurate management of the patients with metastatic CRC. It is therefore imperative to carefully select the patients with comprehensive multi-disciplinary team input in order to optimise the management of these patients. In this review we will discuss various treatment options available in management of colorectal liver metastases with potential guidance on how and when to choose these options along with consideration on future directions in management of this disease.
文摘Colorectal carcinoma(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,and up to 50%of patients with CRC develop colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).For these patients,surgical resection remains the only opportunity for cure and long-term survival.Over the past few decades,outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC have improved significantly due to advances in systemic therapy,as well as improvements in operative technique and perioperative care.Chemotherapy in the modern era of oxaliplatin-and irinotecancontaining regimens has been augmented by the introduction of targeted biologics and immunotherapeutic agents.The increasing efficacy of contemporary systemic therapies has led to an expansion in the proportion of patients eligible for curative-intent surgery.Consequently,the use of neoadjuvant strategies is becoming progressively more established.For patients with CRLM,the primary advantage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NCT)is the potential to down-stage metastatic disease in order to facilitate hepatic resection.On the other hand,the routine use of NCT for patients with resectable metastases remains controversial,especially given the potential risk of inducing chemotherapy-associated liver injury prior to hepatectomy.Current guidelines recommend upfront surgery in patients with initially resectable disease and low operative risk,reserving NCT for patients with borderline resectable or unresectable disease and high operative risk.Patients undergoing NCT require close monitoring for tumor response and conversion of CRLM to resectability.In light of the growing number of treatment options available to patients with metastatic CRC,it is generally agreed that these patients are best served at tertiary centers with an expert multidisciplinary team.
基金the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(project No.40335049)for financial support.
文摘Minqin Oasis is located in the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River Basin, northeast of the Heixi Corridor, at the middle of the Silk Road. Because of the its existence, Badain Jaran Desert and Tengger Desert cannot converge and develop in the south. It has always been an important green barrier to guarantee the eco-security of Hexi Corridor and the Silk Road for thousands of years. But in recent decades, Minqin Oasis is becoming smaller and the desert is becoming larger. Many people, especially the governmental officials in the lower reaches think that the upper and middle reaches have robbed the lower reaches of water resources, and caused insufficient water usage and the deteriorated eco-environment, in the lower reaches, However, the governmental officials in the upper and middle reaches claim that the whole river basin should take the upper and middle reaches as the key regions to develop economy. To address the above argument, we analyze the reasons why Minqin Oasis is disappearing, and find that there are two main factors. One is the quick development of population and economy in the upper and middle reaches; the other is the rapid development of population and economy in the lower reaches. The two factors both have great effect on the water utilization for eco-environment in the lower reaches. So Minqin Oasis is disappearing not only because of the upper and middle reaches but also because of the growth of population and economy itself. The lower reaches should not completely blame the upper and middle reaches. The upper and middle reaches should also pay more attention to the eco-environment in the lower reaches. The whole river basin should develop a harmonious and sustainable relationship among the upper, middle and lower reaches.
文摘A model of guided circumferential waves propagating in double-walled carbon nanotubes is built by the theory of wave propagation in continuum mechanics, while the van der Waals force between the inner and outer nanotube has been taken into account in the model. The dispersion curves of the guided circumferential wave propagation are studied, and some dispersion characteristics are illustrated by comparing with those of single-walled carbon nanotubes. It is found that in double-walled carbon nanotubes, the guided circumferential waves will propagate in more dispersive ways. More interactions between neighboring wave modes may take place. In particular, it has been found that a couple of wave modes may disappear at a certain frequency and that, while a couple of wave modes disappear, another new couple of wave modes are excited at the same wave number.
基金This work is supported in part by NNSF of China(10571126)in part by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
文摘In this article, the authors deal with the Cauchy problem of a nonlinear parabolic equation with variable density and absorption. By using energy methods, the authors prove that the interfaces can disappear in finite time under some assumptions on the density functions.
文摘From Dec. 1990 to Dec. 1993, 278 cases of cervical spondylopathy were treated with electroacupuncture and massotherapy. The cure rate was 82.7%; but in the control group, it was only 61%, indicating that electroacupuncture may enhance the cure rate (P【 0.05). Of the 278 cases treated by three to five sessions, the pain and numbness disappeared in about 96% of the patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Although norepinephrine injection is commonly used in emergency situations,it is associated with risks for elderly patients with spasmodic liver pain.This study explores the safety and effectiveness of mebendazole injection,an alternative treatment option,for the emergency management of spasmodic abdominal pain,while minimizing adverse reactions,in elderly patients.AIM To explore the development of norepinephrine injection and the adverse reactions of this drug in emergency elderly patients with spasmodic liver pain.METHODS The control group consisted of 56 elderly patients visiting our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021.After hospital admission,the control group was intravenously administered tolopin.The experimental group consisted of 56 emergency patients with spasmodic abdominal pain who visited our hospital until June 2022.After hospital admission,the experimental group was intravenously administered toloxazole.The two groups were treated for 3 d.The disappearance of clinical symptoms was observed before and after the treatment,and the difference in adverse reactions between the two groups was compared.RESULTS The pain of the wife,fire,diarrhea,drowning,and surrounding time disappeared in the experimental group.No statistical difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in visual pain analog scale(VAS)scores before and after the treatment(P>0.05).The VAS scores of abdominal pain severity after 0.5 h,1.0 h,and after 6.0 h of treatment were significantly lower for the experimental group than for the control group.After the treatment,the therapeutic effect in the experimental group was higher and statistically significant than that in the control group(P<0.05).The probability of adverse reactions before the treatment was lower in the experimental group than in the control group.CONCLUSION During emergency,mebendazole injection exhibited a good therapeutic value when used for the clinical treatment of elderly patients with spasmodic stomach pain.It accelerated the disappearance of clinical symptoms such as stomach pain,reduced the stomach weight,and improved clinical activity.Reducing and promoting the frequency of high treatment safety with mebendazole injection is worthwhile.
文摘In this article I discuss data from a series of experiments in which readers’ eye movements were recorded as they processed sentences in which each word disappeared or was masked 60ms after fixation onset. We used this paradigm to investigate whether we could induce a gap effect during reading, and how visual and linguistic factors affected eye movements under these conditions. The data showed that no gap effect occurred in our experiment. Overall reading times were the same under normal and disappearing presentation conditions. However, readers did adopt a strategy of making fewer but longer fixations when the text disappeared than when it did not. Additionally, clear frequency effects occurred regardless of whether the text was presented normally or disappeared. This finding indicates that while the visual uptake of information is important, cognitive processes associated with the lexical identification of words are a primary influence on when readers move their eyes during reading. The findings are taken to support the E-Z Reader model of eye movement control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos.51322903 and 51279224)the Program for New Century Excellent University Talents in University (NCET-13-0528)
文摘This study gives an analytical solution for wave interaction with a partially reflecting vertical wall protected by a submerged porous bar based on linear potential theory. The whole study domain is divided into multiple sub-regions in relation to the structures. The velocity potential in each sub-region is written as a series solution by the separation of variables. A partially reflecting boundary condition is used to describe the partial reflection of a vertical wall. Unknown expansion coefficients in the series solutions are determined by matching velocity potentials among different sub-regions. The analytical solution is verified by an independently developed multi-domain boundary element method(BEM) solution and experimental data. The wave run-up and wave force on the partially reflecting vertical wall are estimated and examined, which can be effectively reduced by the submerged porous bar. The horizontal space between the vertical wall and the submerged porous bar is a key factor, which affects the sheltering function of the porous bar. The wave resonance between the porous bar and the vertical wall may disappear when the vertical wall has a low reflection coefficient. The present analytical solution may be used to determine the optimum parameters of structures at a preliminary engineering design stage.
文摘BACKGROUND To discuss the rare event of spontaneous resolution of a lumbar ganglion cyst,a personal case report and 25 cases culled from the literature were described in detail.We focused on demographic,classification,clinical and radiological findings,treatment,outcome and radiological resolution.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old man presented to our observation with complaints of low back and right leg pain.Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).showed a L4-L5 ganglion cyst.The patient was referred to medical therapy and bracing.After 4 wk,he showed a complete resolution of pain.The complete spontaneous resolution of the cyst was demonstrated by the followed-up MRI.CONCLUSION Spontaneous resolution of lumbar ganglion is very rare and only 26 cases,including ours,were reported in literature.Different degrees of biomechanical impairment seem to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis.Related symptoms are essentially represented by low back and/or radicular pain,without significant neurological disorders.Anti-inflammatory drugs,light unloading exercises and brace could be recommended to administrated pain and decrease facet loads.Mean time for clinical improvement was 7 mo,while MRI disappearance occurred in an average time of 11 mo.Therefore,surgery should be applied when conservative treatment,prolonged at least 6 mo,fails.
基金supported by the DGIST R&D Program of the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology of Korea,No.14-BD-0401
文摘The ipsilateral motor pathway from the unaffected motor cortex to the affected extremity is one of the motor recovery mechanisms following stroke （Jang, 2011）. Because stroke patients who had shown recovery by this mechanism usually showed poorer motor function, compared with patients who showed recovery by other mechanisms, several researchers have considered this mechanism as a maladaptive plasticity （]ang, 2013）.
基金financially supported by the Open Research Fund for the Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education of Wuhan University of Science and Technology(Grant No.FMRU201401)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.N150204021).
文摘Silicon carbide（SiC）-alumina（Al_2O_3）-mullite（Al_6Si_2O_（13）） composite powder was successfully synthesized at 1 550 ℃ for 5 h via carbothermal reduction reaction,and the effects of various mass ratios of active carbon to fly ash（0.38,0.44 and 0.58） on the phase composition and microstructure of products were investigated,and the formation process of the powder was also analyzed in detail.The products mainly consist ofβ-SiC,α-Al_2O_3,Al_6Si_2O_（13） and FeSi.Increasing carbon content favors the decomposition of Al_6Si_2O_（13） and formation of SiC.The average particle size of β-SiC andα-Al_2O_3 is about 1 μm and that of Al_6Si_2O_（13） is 5-10μm.The formation process of SiC-Al_2O_3-Al_6Si_2O_（13）powder includes the decomposition of mullite in fly ash and formation of SiC.
基金The project supported by the Science Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The disappearance of collective flow for <sup>64</sup>Zn+<sup>58</sup>Ni collisions is studied withBUU equation.It is found that the balance energy,E<sub>bal</sub>,is very sensitive to the in-me-dium nucleon-nucleon cross section and increases with the impact parameter.
