The car surface scratch detection adopts the traditional manual detection with poor efficiency and high missing rate.Because of the gray mark and the background of car surface scratches,the traditional edge detection ...The car surface scratch detection adopts the traditional manual detection with poor efficiency and high missing rate.Because of the gray mark and the background of car surface scratches,the traditional edge detection algorithm cannot meet the needs of car surface scratch detection.Therefore,the directional SUSAN algorithm based on CIELab color space is adopted in this paper.The direction template and the circle template to calculate the color difference of the color image are used in the algorithm which has been converted to the CIELab space.The edges and scratches are eliminated by matching and contrasting the detected image with the edge template.Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively detect scratches on the surface of cars,improve the detection speed and reduce the undetected rate.展开更多
It is crucial to develop non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts with high activity and favorable stability for overall water splitting under basic conditions for renewable-energy conversion techniques.Direct as...It is crucial to develop non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts with high activity and favorable stability for overall water splitting under basic conditions for renewable-energy conversion techniques.Direct assembly of active materials on carbon cloth is a promising approach to realize flexible electrodes for electrocatalysis.展开更多
Six trigonal prismatic metallocages(TPMs)composed of 24 components,namely{(Cu_(3)L_(3))(Cu_(2)X_(2))_(3)(Cu_(3)L_(3))}·xG(HL=4-(quinoline-8-thio)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole,G=benzene(B),methylbenzene(MB),1,3,5-trip...Six trigonal prismatic metallocages(TPMs)composed of 24 components,namely{(Cu_(3)L_(3))(Cu_(2)X_(2))_(3)(Cu_(3)L_(3))}·xG(HL=4-(quinoline-8-thio)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole,G=benzene(B),methylbenzene(MB),1,3,5-triphenylbenzene(TPB),x=3 for B,MB and 1 for TPB),are reported.They were constructed by three rhombicCu_(2)X_(2)units as columns connecting two planar syn-Cu_(3)L_(3)faces,templated by G molecules.The structural analysis and EDA calculations reveal that C-H…πdominate their host-vip interactions.展开更多
Hierarchically porous zeolites are promising candidates in catalytic conversion of relatively bulky molecules,and their syntheses have attracted significant attention.From both industrial and scientific perspectives,d...Hierarchically porous zeolites are promising candidates in catalytic conversion of relatively bulky molecules,and their syntheses have attracted significant attention.From both industrial and scientific perspectives,different carbon materials have been widely employed as hard templates for the preparation of hierarchically porous zeolites during the past two decades.In this review,the progress in synthetic strategies using carbon materials as templates is comprehensively summarized.Depending on the affinity between the carbon templates and zeolite precursors,the substantial strategies for synthesizing hierarchical zeolites are introduced in direct templates and indirect templates.Direct templates methods,by which the carbon materials are directly mixed with precursors gel as hard templates,are first reviewed.Then,we discuss the indirect templates method(crystallization of carbon-silica composites),by which the carbon is produced by in situ pyrolysis of organic-inorganic precursors.In addition,the technique of encapsulating metal species into zeolites crystals with the assistance of carbon templates is also discussed.In the conclusion part,the factors affecting the synthesis of carbon-templated hierarchically porous zeolites are remarked.This review is expected to attract interest in the synthesis strategies of hierarchically porous zeolites,especially cost-effective and large-scale production methodologies,which are essential to the industrial application of hierarchical zeolites.展开更多
To effectively treat pollution and overcome the lack of selectivity of TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts,a 1D structure and molecular imprinting technology have been combined to produce TiO_(2)/SiO_(2) hybrid fibers by a s...To effectively treat pollution and overcome the lack of selectivity of TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts,a 1D structure and molecular imprinting technology have been combined to produce TiO_(2)/SiO_(2) hybrid fibers by a simple electrospinning method by directly adding templates into the precursor solution.In our design,TBOT acts as a titanium source and a functional monomer to combine with RhB and generate specific recognition sites,and SiO_(2) plays a role in inhibiting phase transition.The calcination process can not only remove the template and form an imprinting cavity but also enhance the crystallinity of photoca-talysts.The inorganic framework also overcomes the shortcomings of the instability of traditional organic molecularly imprinted layers.In contrast to a nonimprinted sample,imprinted fibers exhibit higher adsorp-tion capacity and selectivity,attributed to the specific combination through hydrogen bonds and space matching effect.The photocatalytic efficiency of the imprinted sample reached 100%within only 15 min,showing excellent photocatalytic performance and high selectivity.This work not only provides a novel,simple method to fabricate TiO_(2) fiber photocatalysts with high selectivity for the first time but also offers new strategies for the effective and selective treatment of pollutants in wastewater.展开更多
A hierarchically micro-and mesoporous MIL-88-NH_(2) metal organic framework was prepared through an easy template directed methodology.Hierarchically porous MIL-88-NH_(2) promoted CO_(2) fixation reactions with epoxid...A hierarchically micro-and mesoporous MIL-88-NH_(2) metal organic framework was prepared through an easy template directed methodology.Hierarchically porous MIL-88-NH_(2) promoted CO_(2) fixation reactions with epoxides to yield cyclic carbonates at atmospheric pressure and low reaction temperature and under solventless conditions.Significant conversion of epoxides was achieved under atmospheric pressure,with excellent selectivity toward the desired five-membered cyclic carbonates.The porous nature and weak Lewis acidic-basic centers of the hierarchical MIL-88-NH_(2) played a crucial role in exploiting its synergism with halide nucleophiles and metal centers.The catalyst was totally recyclable up to five times without compromising the activity,and the extent of heterogeneity was also studied.On the basis of experimental inferences and our previous DFT studies,a reaction mechanism for the CO_(2)-epoxide cycloaddition reaction has been proposed.Hierarchically porous MIL-88-NH_(2)(Fe)tuned using a structure-directing agent demonstrated its catalytic efficacy for the first time in cyclic carbonate synthesis.展开更多
N-Doped 3D bubble-like porous graphene was synthesized via a simple template directed method using polystyrene nanospheres as a template and low-cost industrial melamine as the nitrogen source.The assynthesized N-3DPG...N-Doped 3D bubble-like porous graphene was synthesized via a simple template directed method using polystyrene nanospheres as a template and low-cost industrial melamine as the nitrogen source.The assynthesized N-3DPGX possessed a high specific surface area,uniform and controllable porous structure and high nitrogen doping content.Benefiting from these features,the as-obtained N-3DPG4 as an anode for sodium ion batteries delivered a high specific capacity of 310 mA h g^(-1) after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g^(-1),and also excellent rate capability as high as 169 mA h g^(-1) at 10 A g^(-1).This simple synthetic method,unique porous structure and outstanding electrochemical performance demonstrated that N-3DPG is a promising candidate for application in sodium ion batteries for large-scale electrochemical energy storage.展开更多
基金supported in part by the Research Institute Joint Innovation Fund(No.BY2013003-06)
文摘The car surface scratch detection adopts the traditional manual detection with poor efficiency and high missing rate.Because of the gray mark and the background of car surface scratches,the traditional edge detection algorithm cannot meet the needs of car surface scratch detection.Therefore,the directional SUSAN algorithm based on CIELab color space is adopted in this paper.The direction template and the circle template to calculate the color difference of the color image are used in the algorithm which has been converted to the CIELab space.The edges and scratches are eliminated by matching and contrasting the detected image with the edge template.Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively detect scratches on the surface of cars,improve the detection speed and reduce the undetected rate.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21675127)the Shaanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2018JC-011)+1 种基金the Development Project of Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory(2017-ZJ-Y10)the Capacity Building Project of Engineering Research Center of Qinghai Province(2017-GX-G03).
文摘It is crucial to develop non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts with high activity and favorable stability for overall water splitting under basic conditions for renewable-energy conversion techniques.Direct assembly of active materials on carbon cloth is a promising approach to realize flexible electrodes for electrocatalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21731002,21975104,22071141,21471094)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Research(No.2019B030302009)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019A1515012162)the Open Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications(No.2020A05)。
文摘Six trigonal prismatic metallocages(TPMs)composed of 24 components,namely{(Cu_(3)L_(3))(Cu_(2)X_(2))_(3)(Cu_(3)L_(3))}·xG(HL=4-(quinoline-8-thio)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole,G=benzene(B),methylbenzene(MB),1,3,5-triphenylbenzene(TPB),x=3 for B,MB and 1 for TPB),are reported.They were constructed by three rhombicCu_(2)X_(2)units as columns connecting two planar syn-Cu_(3)L_(3)faces,templated by G molecules.The structural analysis and EDA calculations reveal that C-H…πdominate their host-vip interactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21773128).
文摘Hierarchically porous zeolites are promising candidates in catalytic conversion of relatively bulky molecules,and their syntheses have attracted significant attention.From both industrial and scientific perspectives,different carbon materials have been widely employed as hard templates for the preparation of hierarchically porous zeolites during the past two decades.In this review,the progress in synthetic strategies using carbon materials as templates is comprehensively summarized.Depending on the affinity between the carbon templates and zeolite precursors,the substantial strategies for synthesizing hierarchical zeolites are introduced in direct templates and indirect templates.Direct templates methods,by which the carbon materials are directly mixed with precursors gel as hard templates,are first reviewed.Then,we discuss the indirect templates method(crystallization of carbon-silica composites),by which the carbon is produced by in situ pyrolysis of organic-inorganic precursors.In addition,the technique of encapsulating metal species into zeolites crystals with the assistance of carbon templates is also discussed.In the conclusion part,the factors affecting the synthesis of carbon-templated hierarchically porous zeolites are remarked.This review is expected to attract interest in the synthesis strategies of hierarchically porous zeolites,especially cost-effective and large-scale production methodologies,which are essential to the industrial application of hierarchical zeolites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52073120).
文摘To effectively treat pollution and overcome the lack of selectivity of TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts,a 1D structure and molecular imprinting technology have been combined to produce TiO_(2)/SiO_(2) hybrid fibers by a simple electrospinning method by directly adding templates into the precursor solution.In our design,TBOT acts as a titanium source and a functional monomer to combine with RhB and generate specific recognition sites,and SiO_(2) plays a role in inhibiting phase transition.The calcination process can not only remove the template and form an imprinting cavity but also enhance the crystallinity of photoca-talysts.The inorganic framework also overcomes the shortcomings of the instability of traditional organic molecularly imprinted layers.In contrast to a nonimprinted sample,imprinted fibers exhibit higher adsorp-tion capacity and selectivity,attributed to the specific combination through hydrogen bonds and space matching effect.The photocatalytic efficiency of the imprinted sample reached 100%within only 15 min,showing excellent photocatalytic performance and high selectivity.This work not only provides a novel,simple method to fabricate TiO_(2) fiber photocatalysts with high selectivity for the first time but also offers new strategies for the effective and selective treatment of pollutants in wastewater.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea through the Basic Research Program(2019-057644).
文摘A hierarchically micro-and mesoporous MIL-88-NH_(2) metal organic framework was prepared through an easy template directed methodology.Hierarchically porous MIL-88-NH_(2) promoted CO_(2) fixation reactions with epoxides to yield cyclic carbonates at atmospheric pressure and low reaction temperature and under solventless conditions.Significant conversion of epoxides was achieved under atmospheric pressure,with excellent selectivity toward the desired five-membered cyclic carbonates.The porous nature and weak Lewis acidic-basic centers of the hierarchical MIL-88-NH_(2) played a crucial role in exploiting its synergism with halide nucleophiles and metal centers.The catalyst was totally recyclable up to five times without compromising the activity,and the extent of heterogeneity was also studied.On the basis of experimental inferences and our previous DFT studies,a reaction mechanism for the CO_(2)-epoxide cycloaddition reaction has been proposed.Hierarchically porous MIL-88-NH_(2)(Fe)tuned using a structure-directing agent demonstrated its catalytic efficacy for the first time in cyclic carbonate synthesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21501049 and 21503071)the Fund of Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.172102210353 and 162102210070).
文摘N-Doped 3D bubble-like porous graphene was synthesized via a simple template directed method using polystyrene nanospheres as a template and low-cost industrial melamine as the nitrogen source.The assynthesized N-3DPGX possessed a high specific surface area,uniform and controllable porous structure and high nitrogen doping content.Benefiting from these features,the as-obtained N-3DPG4 as an anode for sodium ion batteries delivered a high specific capacity of 310 mA h g^(-1) after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g^(-1),and also excellent rate capability as high as 169 mA h g^(-1) at 10 A g^(-1).This simple synthetic method,unique porous structure and outstanding electrochemical performance demonstrated that N-3DPG is a promising candidate for application in sodium ion batteries for large-scale electrochemical energy storage.
