Machine learning(ML)methods have been extensively applied to optimize additive manufacturing(AM)process parameters.However,existing studies predominantly focus on the relationship between processing parameters and pro...Machine learning(ML)methods have been extensively applied to optimize additive manufacturing(AM)process parameters.However,existing studies predominantly focus on the relationship between processing parameters and properties for specifc alloys,thus limiting their applicability to a broader range of materials.To address this issue,dimensionless parameters,which can be easily calculated from simple analytical expressions,were used as inputs to construct an ML model for classifying the relative density in laser-powder bed fusion.The model was trained using data from four widely used alloys collected from literature.The accuracy and generalizability of the trained model were validated using two laser-powder bed fusion(L-PBF)high-entropy alloys that were not included in the training process.The results demonstrate that the accuracy scores for both cases exceed 0.8.Moreover,the simple dimensionless inputs in the present model can be calculated conveniently without numerical simulations,thereby facilitating the recommendation of process parameters.展开更多
A new dimensionless number is proposed for dynamic plastic deformation analysis of clamped circular plates under underwater explosion loads by introducing dimensional analysis method to the basic dynamical governing e...A new dimensionless number is proposed for dynamic plastic deformation analysis of clamped circular plates under underwater explosion loads by introducing dimensional analysis method to the basic dynamical governing equations of circular plates.The relation between dimensionless final plastic deformation of circular plates and the new dimensionless number is established based on massive underwater explosion test data.Meanwhile,comparative analysis was discussed with two other published dimensionless parameters which indicated the new dimensionless number proposed in this paper is more effective and extensive to predict the dynamic plastic response of circular plates under underwater explosion condition.展开更多
This study employs a data-driven methodology that embeds the principle of dimensional invariance into an artificial neural network to automatically identify dominant dimensionless quantities in the penetration of rod ...This study employs a data-driven methodology that embeds the principle of dimensional invariance into an artificial neural network to automatically identify dominant dimensionless quantities in the penetration of rod projectiles into semi-infinite metal targets from experimental measurements.The derived mathematical expressions of dimensionless quantities are simplified by the examination of the exponent matrix and coupling relationships between feature variables.As a physics-based dimension reduction methodology,this way reduces high-dimensional parameter spaces to descriptions involving only a few physically interpretable dimensionless quantities in penetrating cases.Then the relative importance of various dimensionless feature variables on the penetration efficiencies for four impacting conditions is evaluated through feature selection engineering.The results indicate that the selected critical dimensionless feature variables by this synergistic method,without referring to the complex theoretical equations and aiding in the detailed knowledge of penetration mechanics,are in accordance with those reported in the reference.Lastly,the determined dimensionless quantities can be efficiently applied to conduct semi-empirical analysis for the specific penetrating case,and the reliability of regression functions is validated.展开更多
A pressure controlled mechanical ventilator with an automatic secretion clearance function can improve secretion clearance safely and efficiently.Studies on secretion clearance by pressure controlled systems show that...A pressure controlled mechanical ventilator with an automatic secretion clearance function can improve secretion clearance safely and efficiently.Studies on secretion clearance by pressure controlled systems show that these are suited for clinical applications.However,these studies are based on a single lung electric model and neglect the coupling between the two lungs.The research methods applied are too complex for the analysis of a multi-parameter system.In order to understand the functioning of the human respiratory system,this paper develops a dimensionless mathematical model of doublelung mechanical ventilation system with a secretion clearance function.An experiment is designed to verify the mathematical model through comparison of dimensionless experimental data and dimensionless simulation data.Finally,the coupling between the two lungs is studied,and an orthogonal experiment designed to identify the impact of each parameter on the system.展开更多
当前基于车桥耦合系统的桥梁频率间接识别方法普遍对行驶车辆参数和速度有较大约束,难以应用于正常行驶的普通车辆。为了解决这一问题,该文提出了一种考虑车辆无量纲响应的桥梁频率间接识别方法。首先,以无量纲化的车-桥耦合运动学方程...当前基于车桥耦合系统的桥梁频率间接识别方法普遍对行驶车辆参数和速度有较大约束,难以应用于正常行驶的普通车辆。为了解决这一问题,该文提出了一种考虑车辆无量纲响应的桥梁频率间接识别方法。首先,以无量纲化的车-桥耦合运动学方程为基础,构建基于改进子空间识别法的系统状态方程与输出信号方程,建立了考虑时间差的车辆双轴无量纲响应差值信号方程,从理论上有效地消除了状态方程与输出信号中的路面平整度信息,突破了传统子空间识别法对车辆参数的限制,使该方法适用于任何普通车辆,同时验证了基于单次行驶双轴车辆响应的桥梁频率间接识别方法对简支梁桥频率识别的可行性。然后,通过数值计算探讨了车辆行驶速度、路面平整度等级和随机车辆荷载对桥梁频率间接识别的影响。计算结果表明,充分的荷载激励对桥梁频率的稳定识别非常重要,并且能够激发桥梁高阶模态的振动,更有利于桥梁高阶频率的识别。最后,针对一座实际服役的高墩简支梁桥开展现场行车试验,基于车桥动态接触力作为信号输入,验证子空间识别法获得桥梁频率的可行性和准确性。试验结果表明,短时随机子空间识别方法可以提取测试桥梁前2阶频率,在高阶频率的识别中有着更优于MOESP(multivariable output error state space,MOESP)子空间识别法的效果。展开更多
To study the characteristics of cargo extraction, the initial phase of airdrop process, a high fidelity and extendibility simulation model with uniform motion equations for all states during extraction is developed on...To study the characteristics of cargo extraction, the initial phase of airdrop process, a high fidelity and extendibility simulation model with uniform motion equations for all states during extraction is developed on the basis of dynamics methods and contact models between cargo and aircraft. Simulation results agree well with tests data. Cargo exit parameters, which contribute to cargo pitch after extraction, are studied. Simplified computation model of dimensionless exit time is developed and used to evaluate the relation between extraction phase and landing accuracy. Safe interval model is introduced to evaluate the safety of extraction process. Also, relations between initial parameters, including pull coefficient, aircraft pitch and CG coefficient, etc, and result parameters, including exit time, cargo safety, pitch, etc, are developed to help design of airdrop system, especially the selection of extraction parachute and cargo deployment.展开更多
This study successfully deals with the inhomogeneous dimension problem of load separation assumption, which is the theoretical basis of the normalization method. According to the dimensionless load separation principl...This study successfully deals with the inhomogeneous dimension problem of load separation assumption, which is the theoretical basis of the normalization method. According to the dimensionless load separation principle, the normalization method has been improved by intro- ducing a forcible blunting correction. With the improved normalization method, the J-resistance curves of five different metallic materials of CT and SEB specimens are estimated. The forcible blunting correction of initial crack size plays an important role in the J-resistance curve estima- tion, which is closely related to the strain hardening level of material. The higher level of strain hardening leads to a greater difference in JQ determined by different slopes of the blunting line. If the blunting line coefficient recommended by ASTM E1820-11 is used in the improved nor- realization method, it will lead to greater fracture resistance than that processed by the blunting line coefficient recommended by ISO 12135-2002. Therefore, the influence of the blunting line on the determination of JQ must be taken into full account in the fracture toughness assessment of metallic materials.展开更多
The similarity criterion for water flooding reservoir flows is concerned with in the present paper. When finding out all the dimensionless variables governing this kind of flow, their physical meanings are subsequentl...The similarity criterion for water flooding reservoir flows is concerned with in the present paper. When finding out all the dimensionless variables governing this kind of flow, their physical meanings are subsequently elucidated. Then, a numerical approach of sensitivity analysis is adopted to quantify their corresponding dominance degree among the similarity parameters. In this way, we may finally identify major scaling law in different parameter range and demonstrate the respective effects of viscosity, permeability and injection rate.展开更多
Large-deflection flexure pivot is widely used in high precision rotation application, but there are less flexure configurations and simple and convenient design methods, This paper presents a novel large-deflection cu...Large-deflection flexure pivot is widely used in high precision rotation application, but there are less flexure configurations and simple and convenient design methods, This paper presents a novel large-deflection curved-compliant annulus-shaped flexure pivot composed of six curved beam flexure elements. It can offer more than lO^angular stroke theoretically. Firstly, main-motion pseudo-rigid-body method is introduced to establish the flexure pivot model. Although pseudo-rigid-body method can be used to analyze the large-deformation flexure pivot performance, the method is definitely a laborious and difficult task for designing this novel flexure pivot. In order to simply the designing process, dimension-design graphs based on the parametric models and finite element analysis is presented. Using the dimension-design method as a tool, the designers can determine the optimal geometry rapidly, based on the stiffness and rotation demands of an annulus-shaped flexure pivot. Finally, dimension-design graph examples are given whose primary design aims to achieve a rotation stroke of annulus-shaped flexure pivot. The finite element analysis results show that the relative designing error between anticipative rotation stroke and graph design result is less than 4%. The dimensionless method used in designing annulus-shaped flexure pivot can reduce design process in both time and complexity. The novel annulus-shaped flexure pivot and dimension-design method are helpful supplement to configuration and design method of large-deflection flexure pivot.展开更多
The effects of operating parameters on desulfurization efficiency of a dual-alkali FGD process in a rotating-stream-tray(RST)scrubber are investigated.A dimensionless factor,ε,is proposed in this study to predict des...The effects of operating parameters on desulfurization efficiency of a dual-alkali FGD process in a rotating-stream-tray(RST)scrubber are investigated.A dimensionless factor,ε,is proposed in this study to predict desulfurization efficiency of this dual-alkali FGD system.ε represents the desulfurization ability of a dual alkali FGD system,determined by five main operating parameters such as sodium ion concentration,ratio of absorbent flow rate to flue gas flow rate,pH value of absorbent solution,ratio of sulfate ion to total sulfur ion in absorbent solution,and sulfur dioxide concentration of inlet flue gas.The empirical expression for predicting desulfurization efficiency at different temperatures is obtained through the experimental study and theoretical calculation.It provides useful guide for engineering design.展开更多
Pulse excitation or vibration stimulation was imposed on the low permeable formation with cracks to enhance the production or injection capacity.During that process,a coupling of wave-induced flow and initial flow in ...Pulse excitation or vibration stimulation was imposed on the low permeable formation with cracks to enhance the production or injection capacity.During that process,a coupling of wave-induced flow and initial flow in dual-porous media was involved.Researchers had done much work on the rule of wave propagation in fractured porous media,whereas attentions on the variation law of flow in developing low permeable formation with cracks under vibration stimulation were not paid.In this study,the effect of low-frequency vibration on the seepage in dual-porous media was examined for the application of wave stimulation technology in developing reservoirs with natural cracks.A model for seepage of single-phase liquid in porous media with cracks under low-frequency vibration excitation was built by combining wave propagating theory for porous media with cracks and dual-porous media seepage mechanics.A governing equation group for the model,which was expressed by dimensionless fluid and solid displacements,was derived and solved with a numerical method.Variable physical properties were simulated to check the applicability of external low-frequency vibration load on dual-porous media and a parametric study for various vibration parameters.Stimulation of low-frequency vibration affected flow velocities of crack and rock matrix fluids.Compared with that in single-porous media,the stimulation effect on the fluid inner matrix of dual-porous media was relatively weakened.Different optimal vibration parameters were needed to increase the channeling flow between the crack and rock matrix or to only promote the flow velocity in the rock matrix.The theoretical study examines wave-coupled seepage field in fractured porous media with results that are applicable for low-frequency stimulation technology.展开更多
Laser solid forming(LSF)technology can be used to rapidly manufacture and repair high-strength steel parts with superior performance,but the value of the heat input during operation is difficult to quantify,which has ...Laser solid forming(LSF)technology can be used to rapidly manufacture and repair high-strength steel parts with superior performance,but the value of the heat input during operation is difficult to quantify,which has a substantial impact on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the parts.A promising method to improve the forming efficiency and quality of LSFed parts is to accurately control the heat input and explore its relationship with the microstructure and mechanical properties.To remove the interference of other variables from the experiment,the dimensionless heat input Q;^(∗)was introduced.The Q^(∗)values were designed in advance to calculate the experimental parameters used to perform the LSF experiment.The microstructure was observed at different regions of the sample,and its mechanical properties were analyzed.From the results,the following conclusions were drawn.The Q;^(∗)value was directly related to the cooling rate and heat accumulation in the top structure,leading to the formation of different microstructures;it also modified the original structure at the bottom,affecting the subsequent thermal cycle and indirectly changing the tempered martensite morphology.The heat input also affected the mechanical properties of the sample.The hardness of the stable zone decreased with increasing Q;^(∗)value,and the lowest value was 190 HV.Similarly,the tensile strength and yield strength of the LSFed samples decreased considerably with increasing Q;^(∗)value,and the lowest values were 735 and 604 MPa,respectively.Only the elongation and reduction in the area increased after a slight decrease.The Q;^(∗)value had a significant effect on heat treatment.When Q;^(∗)=2.9,the increase in tensile strength and yield strength after heat treatment was the largest(29%and 44%,respectively).展开更多
Discretising a structure into elements is a key step in finite element(FE)analysis.The discretised geometry used to formulate an FE model can greatly affect accuracy and validity.This paper presents a unified dimensio...Discretising a structure into elements is a key step in finite element(FE)analysis.The discretised geometry used to formulate an FE model can greatly affect accuracy and validity.This paper presents a unified dimensionless parameter to generate a mesh of cubic FEs for the analysis of very long beams resting on an elastic foundation.A uniform beam resting on elastic foundation with various values of flexural stiffness and elastic supporting coefficients subject to static load and moving load is used to illustrate the application of the proposed parameter.The numerical results show that(a)Even if the values of the flexural stiffness of the beam and elastic supporting coefficient of the elastic foundation are different,the same proposed parameter“s”can ensure the same accuracy of the FE solution,but the accuracy may differ for use of the same element length;(b)The proposed dimensionless parameter“s”can indeed be used as a unified index to generate the mesh for a beam resting on elastic foundation,whereas the use of the same element length as a criterion may be misleading;(c)The errors between the FE and analytical solutions for the maximum vertical displacement,shear force and bending moment of the beam increase with the dimensionless parameter“s”;and(d)For the given allowable errors for the vertical displacement,shear force and bending moment of the beam under static load and moving load,the corresponding values of the proposed parameter are provided to guide the mesh generation.展开更多
The work deals with the thermal behavior of a conventional partition wall incorporating a phase change material(PCM).The wall separates two environments with different thermal properties.The first one is conditioned,w...The work deals with the thermal behavior of a conventional partition wall incorporating a phase change material(PCM).The wall separates two environments with different thermal properties.The first one is conditioned,while the adjacent space is characterized by a temperature that changes sinusoidally in time.The effect of the PCM is assessed through a comparative analysis of the cases with and without PCM.The performances are evaluated in terms of dimensionless energy stored within the wall,comfort temperature and variations of these quantities as a function of the amount of PCM and its emplacement.展开更多
According to spontaneous combustion propensity,the longwall gob is divided into three zones,including heat dissipation zone,self-heating zone and the choking zone.Only in the self-heating zone can temperature of coal ...According to spontaneous combustion propensity,the longwall gob is divided into three zones,including heat dissipation zone,self-heating zone and the choking zone.Only in the self-heating zone can temperature of coal rise due to oxidation.Studying the distribution of the "Three Zones" in gob is important for predicting and preventing spontaneous combustion in coalmine.In normal mining operations,temperature of coal is roughly constant.The process of mass transfer in the gob is considered to be steady.Based on mass conservation,gas species conservation,darcy's law,Ficks law of diffusion and coal oxidation 1-grade reaction rule,governing equation for air leakage intensity and species concentration are deduced.With critical value of coal spontaneous combustion and the size of longwall workface as basic dimension,a dimensionless steady coupled model of air flow diffusion and chemical reaction in loose coal of Fully Mechanized Top-Coal Caving Mining Workface(FMTCCMW) is setup.By solving the model numerically,regulation of three zones' distribution and spontaneous combustion in the gob can be obtained.The results can be easily popularized to prediction of spontaneous combustion in other coalmines' longwall gob.展开更多
An economy consists of the economic system of a country or other unit of human society.It includes labor,capital,natural resources,production,trade,distribution and consumption of goods and services in the area where ...An economy consists of the economic system of a country or other unit of human society.It includes labor,capital,natural resources,production,trade,distribution and consumption of goods and services in the area where human society is active.These factors give context,content,and determine the conditions and parameters with which the economy operates.When searching with data mining techniques to identify or find out dimensionless groups(DGs)in technical literature,it is possible to meet errors/faults/omissions concerning both,the form and the content of such groups.In the present study,a methodological framework has been developed in terms of a logical flow chart,including 11 activity stages and seven decision nodes,to acquire/process/store/retrieve knowledge for reconstruction and identification of these groups.Case Based Reasoning(CBR),especially modified to meet the needs of this work,has been used for tracing causality paths by similarity and making correction suggestions.Two case examples are presented to prove the functionality of the proposed methodology.Non-dimensional groups are used in engineering but can also be used in economic science.Through this analysis,we can calculate the scale of industrial processes from laboratory to pilot and then factory scale.Still through the study of non-dimensional groups,it is easy to calculate economies of scale embedded in the production process.Synergy savings and target economies cause economies of scale in a production process and reduce the cost of production per unit of output when production is increased.Non-dimensional groups can be a quantitative and measurable indicator for calculating and predicting economies of scale in an industrial unit.The same can happen in an economic unit providing services,that is,intangible products.展开更多
Non-thermal plasma（NTP） devices produce excited and radical species that have higher energy levels than their ground state and are utilized for various applications. There are various types of NTP devices, with diel...Non-thermal plasma（NTP） devices produce excited and radical species that have higher energy levels than their ground state and are utilized for various applications. There are various types of NTP devices, with dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） reactors being widely used. These DBD devices vary in geometrical configuration and operating parameters, making a comparison of their performance in terms of discharge power characteristics difficult. Therefore, this study proposes a dimensionless parameter that is related to the geometrical features, and is a function of the discharge power with respect to the frequency, voltage, and capacitance of a DBD. The dimensionless parameter, in the form of a ratio of the discharge energy per cycle to the gap capacitive energy, will be useful for engineers and designers to compare the energy characteristics of devices systematically, and could also be used for scaling up DBD devices.From the results in this experiment and from the literature, different DBD devices are categorized into three separate groups according to different levels of the energy ratio. The larger DBD devices have lower energy ratios due to their lower estimated surface discharge areas and capacitive reactance. Therefore, the devices can be categorized according to the energy ratio due to the effects of the geometrical features of the DBD devices, since it affects the surface discharge area and capacitance of the DBD. The DBD devices are also categorized into three separate groups using the Kriegseis factor, but the categorization is different from that of the energy ratio.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4606502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52471017)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NPU),China(Grant No.2020-TS-06).
文摘Machine learning(ML)methods have been extensively applied to optimize additive manufacturing(AM)process parameters.However,existing studies predominantly focus on the relationship between processing parameters and properties for specifc alloys,thus limiting their applicability to a broader range of materials.To address this issue,dimensionless parameters,which can be easily calculated from simple analytical expressions,were used as inputs to construct an ML model for classifying the relative density in laser-powder bed fusion.The model was trained using data from four widely used alloys collected from literature.The accuracy and generalizability of the trained model were validated using two laser-powder bed fusion(L-PBF)high-entropy alloys that were not included in the training process.The results demonstrate that the accuracy scores for both cases exceed 0.8.Moreover,the simple dimensionless inputs in the present model can be calculated conveniently without numerical simulations,thereby facilitating the recommendation of process parameters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12402444)。
文摘A new dimensionless number is proposed for dynamic plastic deformation analysis of clamped circular plates under underwater explosion loads by introducing dimensional analysis method to the basic dynamical governing equations of circular plates.The relation between dimensionless final plastic deformation of circular plates and the new dimensionless number is established based on massive underwater explosion test data.Meanwhile,comparative analysis was discussed with two other published dimensionless parameters which indicated the new dimensionless number proposed in this paper is more effective and extensive to predict the dynamic plastic response of circular plates under underwater explosion condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12272257,12102292,12032006)the special fund for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(Nos.202204051002006).
文摘This study employs a data-driven methodology that embeds the principle of dimensional invariance into an artificial neural network to automatically identify dominant dimensionless quantities in the penetration of rod projectiles into semi-infinite metal targets from experimental measurements.The derived mathematical expressions of dimensionless quantities are simplified by the examination of the exponent matrix and coupling relationships between feature variables.As a physics-based dimension reduction methodology,this way reduces high-dimensional parameter spaces to descriptions involving only a few physically interpretable dimensionless quantities in penetrating cases.Then the relative importance of various dimensionless feature variables on the penetration efficiencies for four impacting conditions is evaluated through feature selection engineering.The results indicate that the selected critical dimensionless feature variables by this synergistic method,without referring to the complex theoretical equations and aiding in the detailed knowledge of penetration mechanics,are in accordance with those reported in the reference.Lastly,the determined dimensionless quantities can be efficiently applied to conduct semi-empirical analysis for the specific penetrating case,and the reliability of regression functions is validated.
文摘A pressure controlled mechanical ventilator with an automatic secretion clearance function can improve secretion clearance safely and efficiently.Studies on secretion clearance by pressure controlled systems show that these are suited for clinical applications.However,these studies are based on a single lung electric model and neglect the coupling between the two lungs.The research methods applied are too complex for the analysis of a multi-parameter system.In order to understand the functioning of the human respiratory system,this paper develops a dimensionless mathematical model of doublelung mechanical ventilation system with a secretion clearance function.An experiment is designed to verify the mathematical model through comparison of dimensionless experimental data and dimensionless simulation data.Finally,the coupling between the two lungs is studied,and an orthogonal experiment designed to identify the impact of each parameter on the system.
文摘当前基于车桥耦合系统的桥梁频率间接识别方法普遍对行驶车辆参数和速度有较大约束,难以应用于正常行驶的普通车辆。为了解决这一问题,该文提出了一种考虑车辆无量纲响应的桥梁频率间接识别方法。首先,以无量纲化的车-桥耦合运动学方程为基础,构建基于改进子空间识别法的系统状态方程与输出信号方程,建立了考虑时间差的车辆双轴无量纲响应差值信号方程,从理论上有效地消除了状态方程与输出信号中的路面平整度信息,突破了传统子空间识别法对车辆参数的限制,使该方法适用于任何普通车辆,同时验证了基于单次行驶双轴车辆响应的桥梁频率间接识别方法对简支梁桥频率识别的可行性。然后,通过数值计算探讨了车辆行驶速度、路面平整度等级和随机车辆荷载对桥梁频率间接识别的影响。计算结果表明,充分的荷载激励对桥梁频率的稳定识别非常重要,并且能够激发桥梁高阶模态的振动,更有利于桥梁高阶频率的识别。最后,针对一座实际服役的高墩简支梁桥开展现场行车试验,基于车桥动态接触力作为信号输入,验证子空间识别法获得桥梁频率的可行性和准确性。试验结果表明,短时随机子空间识别方法可以提取测试桥梁前2阶频率,在高阶频率的识别中有着更优于MOESP(multivariable output error state space,MOESP)子空间识别法的效果。
基金Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (04E51046)
文摘To study the characteristics of cargo extraction, the initial phase of airdrop process, a high fidelity and extendibility simulation model with uniform motion equations for all states during extraction is developed on the basis of dynamics methods and contact models between cargo and aircraft. Simulation results agree well with tests data. Cargo exit parameters, which contribute to cargo pitch after extraction, are studied. Simplified computation model of dimensionless exit time is developed and used to evaluate the relation between extraction phase and landing accuracy. Safe interval model is introduced to evaluate the safety of extraction process. Also, relations between initial parameters, including pull coefficient, aircraft pitch and CG coefficient, etc, and result parameters, including exit time, cargo safety, pitch, etc, are developed to help design of airdrop system, especially the selection of extraction parachute and cargo deployment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11472228 and 11202174)the Sichuan Provincial Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team(No.2013TD0004)
文摘This study successfully deals with the inhomogeneous dimension problem of load separation assumption, which is the theoretical basis of the normalization method. According to the dimensionless load separation principle, the normalization method has been improved by intro- ducing a forcible blunting correction. With the improved normalization method, the J-resistance curves of five different metallic materials of CT and SEB specimens are estimated. The forcible blunting correction of initial crack size plays an important role in the J-resistance curve estima- tion, which is closely related to the strain hardening level of material. The higher level of strain hardening leads to a greater difference in JQ determined by different slopes of the blunting line. If the blunting line coefficient recommended by ASTM E1820-11 is used in the improved nor- realization method, it will lead to greater fracture resistance than that processed by the blunting line coefficient recommended by ISO 12135-2002. Therefore, the influence of the blunting line on the determination of JQ must be taken into full account in the fracture toughness assessment of metallic materials.
基金The project supported by the Innovative Project of CAS (KJCX-SW-L08)the National Basic Research Program of China(973)
文摘The similarity criterion for water flooding reservoir flows is concerned with in the present paper. When finding out all the dimensionless variables governing this kind of flow, their physical meanings are subsequently elucidated. Then, a numerical approach of sensitivity analysis is adopted to quantify their corresponding dominance degree among the similarity parameters. In this way, we may finally identify major scaling law in different parameter range and demonstrate the respective effects of viscosity, permeability and injection rate.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 50675007)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (Grant No. NCET-06-0165)
文摘Large-deflection flexure pivot is widely used in high precision rotation application, but there are less flexure configurations and simple and convenient design methods, This paper presents a novel large-deflection curved-compliant annulus-shaped flexure pivot composed of six curved beam flexure elements. It can offer more than lO^angular stroke theoretically. Firstly, main-motion pseudo-rigid-body method is introduced to establish the flexure pivot model. Although pseudo-rigid-body method can be used to analyze the large-deformation flexure pivot performance, the method is definitely a laborious and difficult task for designing this novel flexure pivot. In order to simply the designing process, dimension-design graphs based on the parametric models and finite element analysis is presented. Using the dimension-design method as a tool, the designers can determine the optimal geometry rapidly, based on the stiffness and rotation demands of an annulus-shaped flexure pivot. Finally, dimension-design graph examples are given whose primary design aims to achieve a rotation stroke of annulus-shaped flexure pivot. The finite element analysis results show that the relative designing error between anticipative rotation stroke and graph design result is less than 4%. The dimensionless method used in designing annulus-shaped flexure pivot can reduce design process in both time and complexity. The novel annulus-shaped flexure pivot and dimension-design method are helpful supplement to configuration and design method of large-deflection flexure pivot.
基金Supported by the National Hi-tech Researchand Development Program(863program)of China(No.2001AA642030-1)Key Research Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2004C23028)New Century Excellent Scholar Program of Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China(No.NCET-04-0549)
文摘The effects of operating parameters on desulfurization efficiency of a dual-alkali FGD process in a rotating-stream-tray(RST)scrubber are investigated.A dimensionless factor,ε,is proposed in this study to predict desulfurization efficiency of this dual-alkali FGD system.ε represents the desulfurization ability of a dual alkali FGD system,determined by five main operating parameters such as sodium ion concentration,ratio of absorbent flow rate to flue gas flow rate,pH value of absorbent solution,ratio of sulfate ion to total sulfur ion in absorbent solution,and sulfur dioxide concentration of inlet flue gas.The empirical expression for predicting desulfurization efficiency at different temperatures is obtained through the experimental study and theoretical calculation.It provides useful guide for engineering design.
基金the Scientific and Technological Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Hebei Province(QN2019163)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M631765)+1 种基金the Doctoral Funds of Yanshan University(BL17024)a grant from Hebei Province Postdoctoral Advanced Programs(B2018003011).
文摘Pulse excitation or vibration stimulation was imposed on the low permeable formation with cracks to enhance the production or injection capacity.During that process,a coupling of wave-induced flow and initial flow in dual-porous media was involved.Researchers had done much work on the rule of wave propagation in fractured porous media,whereas attentions on the variation law of flow in developing low permeable formation with cracks under vibration stimulation were not paid.In this study,the effect of low-frequency vibration on the seepage in dual-porous media was examined for the application of wave stimulation technology in developing reservoirs with natural cracks.A model for seepage of single-phase liquid in porous media with cracks under low-frequency vibration excitation was built by combining wave propagating theory for porous media with cracks and dual-porous media seepage mechanics.A governing equation group for the model,which was expressed by dimensionless fluid and solid displacements,was derived and solved with a numerical method.Variable physical properties were simulated to check the applicability of external low-frequency vibration load on dual-porous media and a parametric study for various vibration parameters.Stimulation of low-frequency vibration affected flow velocities of crack and rock matrix fluids.Compared with that in single-porous media,the stimulation effect on the fluid inner matrix of dual-porous media was relatively weakened.Different optimal vibration parameters were needed to increase the channeling flow between the crack and rock matrix or to only promote the flow velocity in the rock matrix.The theoretical study examines wave-coupled seepage field in fractured porous media with results that are applicable for low-frequency stimulation technology.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1105804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51865036)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20202BABL204039)the National Defense Key Disciplines Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology(No.EG201980450)
文摘Laser solid forming(LSF)technology can be used to rapidly manufacture and repair high-strength steel parts with superior performance,but the value of the heat input during operation is difficult to quantify,which has a substantial impact on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the parts.A promising method to improve the forming efficiency and quality of LSFed parts is to accurately control the heat input and explore its relationship with the microstructure and mechanical properties.To remove the interference of other variables from the experiment,the dimensionless heat input Q;^(∗)was introduced.The Q^(∗)values were designed in advance to calculate the experimental parameters used to perform the LSF experiment.The microstructure was observed at different regions of the sample,and its mechanical properties were analyzed.From the results,the following conclusions were drawn.The Q;^(∗)value was directly related to the cooling rate and heat accumulation in the top structure,leading to the formation of different microstructures;it also modified the original structure at the bottom,affecting the subsequent thermal cycle and indirectly changing the tempered martensite morphology.The heat input also affected the mechanical properties of the sample.The hardness of the stable zone decreased with increasing Q;^(∗)value,and the lowest value was 190 HV.Similarly,the tensile strength and yield strength of the LSFed samples decreased considerably with increasing Q;^(∗)value,and the lowest values were 735 and 604 MPa,respectively.Only the elongation and reduction in the area increased after a slight decrease.The Q;^(∗)value had a significant effect on heat treatment.When Q;^(∗)=2.9,the increase in tensile strength and yield strength after heat treatment was the largest(29%and 44%,respectively).
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant 2017YFB1201204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 51578552,U1334203).
文摘Discretising a structure into elements is a key step in finite element(FE)analysis.The discretised geometry used to formulate an FE model can greatly affect accuracy and validity.This paper presents a unified dimensionless parameter to generate a mesh of cubic FEs for the analysis of very long beams resting on an elastic foundation.A uniform beam resting on elastic foundation with various values of flexural stiffness and elastic supporting coefficients subject to static load and moving load is used to illustrate the application of the proposed parameter.The numerical results show that(a)Even if the values of the flexural stiffness of the beam and elastic supporting coefficient of the elastic foundation are different,the same proposed parameter“s”can ensure the same accuracy of the FE solution,but the accuracy may differ for use of the same element length;(b)The proposed dimensionless parameter“s”can indeed be used as a unified index to generate the mesh for a beam resting on elastic foundation,whereas the use of the same element length as a criterion may be misleading;(c)The errors between the FE and analytical solutions for the maximum vertical displacement,shear force and bending moment of the beam increase with the dimensionless parameter“s”;and(d)For the given allowable errors for the vertical displacement,shear force and bending moment of the beam under static load and moving load,the corresponding values of the proposed parameter are provided to guide the mesh generation.
文摘The work deals with the thermal behavior of a conventional partition wall incorporating a phase change material(PCM).The wall separates two environments with different thermal properties.The first one is conditioned,while the adjacent space is characterized by a temperature that changes sinusoidally in time.The effect of the PCM is assessed through a comparative analysis of the cases with and without PCM.The performances are evaluated in terms of dimensionless energy stored within the wall,comfort temperature and variations of these quantities as a function of the amount of PCM and its emplacement.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundatin of China(10972178)
文摘According to spontaneous combustion propensity,the longwall gob is divided into three zones,including heat dissipation zone,self-heating zone and the choking zone.Only in the self-heating zone can temperature of coal rise due to oxidation.Studying the distribution of the "Three Zones" in gob is important for predicting and preventing spontaneous combustion in coalmine.In normal mining operations,temperature of coal is roughly constant.The process of mass transfer in the gob is considered to be steady.Based on mass conservation,gas species conservation,darcy's law,Ficks law of diffusion and coal oxidation 1-grade reaction rule,governing equation for air leakage intensity and species concentration are deduced.With critical value of coal spontaneous combustion and the size of longwall workface as basic dimension,a dimensionless steady coupled model of air flow diffusion and chemical reaction in loose coal of Fully Mechanized Top-Coal Caving Mining Workface(FMTCCMW) is setup.By solving the model numerically,regulation of three zones' distribution and spontaneous combustion in the gob can be obtained.The results can be easily popularized to prediction of spontaneous combustion in other coalmines' longwall gob.
文摘An economy consists of the economic system of a country or other unit of human society.It includes labor,capital,natural resources,production,trade,distribution and consumption of goods and services in the area where human society is active.These factors give context,content,and determine the conditions and parameters with which the economy operates.When searching with data mining techniques to identify or find out dimensionless groups(DGs)in technical literature,it is possible to meet errors/faults/omissions concerning both,the form and the content of such groups.In the present study,a methodological framework has been developed in terms of a logical flow chart,including 11 activity stages and seven decision nodes,to acquire/process/store/retrieve knowledge for reconstruction and identification of these groups.Case Based Reasoning(CBR),especially modified to meet the needs of this work,has been used for tracing causality paths by similarity and making correction suggestions.Two case examples are presented to prove the functionality of the proposed methodology.Non-dimensional groups are used in engineering but can also be used in economic science.Through this analysis,we can calculate the scale of industrial processes from laboratory to pilot and then factory scale.Still through the study of non-dimensional groups,it is easy to calculate economies of scale embedded in the production process.Synergy savings and target economies cause economies of scale in a production process and reduce the cost of production per unit of output when production is increased.Non-dimensional groups can be a quantitative and measurable indicator for calculating and predicting economies of scale in an industrial unit.The same can happen in an economic unit providing services,that is,intangible products.
基金Tenaga Nasional Berhad(Malaysia)for funding of this research(TNBR/SF195/2015 and TNBR/SF240/2016)
文摘Non-thermal plasma（NTP） devices produce excited and radical species that have higher energy levels than their ground state and are utilized for various applications. There are various types of NTP devices, with dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） reactors being widely used. These DBD devices vary in geometrical configuration and operating parameters, making a comparison of their performance in terms of discharge power characteristics difficult. Therefore, this study proposes a dimensionless parameter that is related to the geometrical features, and is a function of the discharge power with respect to the frequency, voltage, and capacitance of a DBD. The dimensionless parameter, in the form of a ratio of the discharge energy per cycle to the gap capacitive energy, will be useful for engineers and designers to compare the energy characteristics of devices systematically, and could also be used for scaling up DBD devices.From the results in this experiment and from the literature, different DBD devices are categorized into three separate groups according to different levels of the energy ratio. The larger DBD devices have lower energy ratios due to their lower estimated surface discharge areas and capacitive reactance. Therefore, the devices can be categorized according to the energy ratio due to the effects of the geometrical features of the DBD devices, since it affects the surface discharge area and capacitance of the DBD. The DBD devices are also categorized into three separate groups using the Kriegseis factor, but the categorization is different from that of the energy ratio.
