The size effects were experimentally investigated and the underlying mechanism was analyzed.The results reveal that,as the specimen size increases,the interconnectivity of macropores slightly decreases.This in turn co...The size effects were experimentally investigated and the underlying mechanism was analyzed.The results reveal that,as the specimen size increases,the interconnectivity of macropores slightly decreases.This in turn constrains the diffusion of CO_(2) and moisture in the specimens,resulting in an increase in the discrepancy between the internal and external carbonation degrees.An increase in cement paste thickness simultaneously decreases the quantity,average size,and interconnectivity of macropores,lowering the diffusion efficacy of CO_(2) and moisture and exacerbating the overall heterogeneity in carbonation.Moreover,the gradual blockage of macropores leads to the emergence of localized ‘occluded zones’ with much lower carbonation degree.The reduction in aggregate size significantly alters the average diameter and connectivity of macropores,leading to notable change to overall non-uniformity.This study provides insight into improving the CO_(2) curing effect of pervious concrete products and developing uniform curing methods.展开更多
Field-effect transistors （FETs） for logic applications, graphene and MoS2, are discussed. These materials have based on two representative two-dimensional （2D） materials, drastically different properties and requi...Field-effect transistors （FETs） for logic applications, graphene and MoS2, are discussed. These materials have based on two representative two-dimensional （2D） materials, drastically different properties and require different consider- ations. The unique band structure of graphene necessitates engineering of the Dirac point, including the opening of the bandgap, the doping and the interface, before the graphene can be used in logic applications. On the other hand, MoS2 is a semiconductor, and its electron transport depends heavily on the surface properties, the number of layers, and the carrier density. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the future developments in 2D material transistors.展开更多
The giant magneto-impedance（GMI）effect of amorphous wire was analyzed theoretically.The amorphous wire had strong GMI effect in the stimulation of sharp pulse of 680kHz and18 mV.A pulse generator was designed to pro...The giant magneto-impedance（GMI）effect of amorphous wire was analyzed theoretically.The amorphous wire had strong GMI effect in the stimulation of sharp pulse of 680kHz and18 mV.A pulse generator was designed to provide high frequency pulse to a magnetic impedance（MI）element.The induced voltage on the pickup coil wound on the amorphous wire was sampled and held with a detect circuit using analog switch.A stable magnetic sensor was constructed.A three-dimension micro magnetic field detector was designed with a central controller MSP430F449.High stability and sensitivity were obtained in the MI sensor with the detect circuit.Experiment results showed that the resolution of the detector was 1nT in the full scale of±2 Oe and the detector worked stably from the room temperature to about 80℃.A small ferromagnetic target was detected by the three-dimension detector in laboratory environment without magnetic shielding.The target moving direction was ascertained with the wave shape of axis parallel in that direction.展开更多
Three-dimensional（3D） crossbar array architecture is one of the leading candidates for future ultra-high density nonvolatile memory applications. To realize the technological potential, understanding the reliability...Three-dimensional（3D） crossbar array architecture is one of the leading candidates for future ultra-high density nonvolatile memory applications. To realize the technological potential, understanding the reliability mechanisms of the3 D RRAM array has become a field of intense research. In this work, the endurance performance of the 3D 1D1 R crossbar array under the thermal effect is investigated in terms of numerical simulation. It is revealed that the endurance performance of the 3D 1D1 R array would be seriously deteriorated under thermal effects as the feature size scales down to a relatively small value. A possible method to alleviate the thermal effects is provided and verified by numerical simulation.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the performance of the bulk fin field effect transistor （FinFET） through a three- dimensional （3D） full band Monte Carlo simulator with quantum correction. Several scattering mechanis...In this paper, we investigate the performance of the bulk fin field effect transistor （FinFET） through a three- dimensional （3D） full band Monte Carlo simulator with quantum correction. Several scattering mechanisms, such as the acoustic and optical phonon scattering, the ionized impurity scattering, the impact ionization scattering and the surface roughness scattering are considered in our simulator. The effects of the substrate bias and the surface roughness scattering near the Si/SiO2 interface on the performance of bulk FinFET are mainly discussed in our work. Our results show that the on-current of bulk FinFET is sensitive to the surface roughness and that we can reduce the substrate leakage current by modulating the substrate bias voltage.展开更多
A three-dimensional （3-D） approach based on the state space method is proposed to study size-dependent mechanical properties of ultra-thin plate-like elastic structures considering surface effects. The structure is ...A three-dimensional （3-D） approach based on the state space method is proposed to study size-dependent mechanical properties of ultra-thin plate-like elastic structures considering surface effects. The structure is modeled as a laminate composed of a bulk bounded with upper and bottom surface layers, which are allowed to have different material properties from the bulk layer. State equations, including the surface properties of the structure, can be established on the basis of 3-D fundamental elasticity to analyze the size-dependent static characteristics of the thin plate-like structure. Compared with two-dimensional plate theories based size-dependent models for thin film structures in literature, the present 3-D approach is exact, which can provide benchmark results to assess the accuracy of 2-D plate theories and various numerical approaches. To show the feasibility of the proposed approach, a 3-D analytical solution for a simply supported plate-like thin structure including surface layers is derived. An algorithm is proposed for the calculation of the state equations obtained to ensure that the numerical results can reveal the surface effects clearly even for extremely thin surface layers. Numerical examples are carried out to exhibit the surface effects and some discussions are provided based on the results obtained.展开更多
In this paper, we make an initial value investigation of the unsteady flow of incompressible viscous fluid between two rigid non-conducting rotating parallel plates bounded by a porous medium under the influence of a ...In this paper, we make an initial value investigation of the unsteady flow of incompressible viscous fluid between two rigid non-conducting rotating parallel plates bounded by a porous medium under the influence of a uniform magnetic field of strength H0 inclined at an angle of inclination α with normal to the boundaries taking hall current into account. The perturbations are created by a constant pressure gradient along the plates in addition to the non-torsional oscillations of the upper plate while the lower plate is at rest. The flow in the porous medium is governed by the Brinkman’s equations. The exact solution of the velocity in the porous medium consists of steady state and transient state. The time required for the transient state to decay is evaluated in detail and the ultimate quasi-steady state solution has been derived analytically. Its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to the various governing parameters. The shear stresses on the boundaries are also obtained analytically and their behaviour is computationally discussed.展开更多
In the past few decades, the （1 ＋ 1）-dimensional nonlinear Schr6dinger （NLS） equation had been derived for envelope Rossby solitary waves in a line by employing the perturbation expansion method. But, with the de...In the past few decades, the （1 ＋ 1）-dimensional nonlinear Schr6dinger （NLS） equation had been derived for envelope Rossby solitary waves in a line by employing the perturbation expansion method. But, with the development of theory, we note that the （1＋1）-dimensional model cannot reflect the evolution of envelope Rossby solitary waves in a plane. In this paper, by constructing a new （2＋1）-dimensional multiscale transform, we derive the （2＋1）-dimensional dissipation nonlinear Schrodinger equation （DNLS） to describe envelope Rossby solitary waves under the influence of dissipation which propagate in a plane. Especially, the previous researches about envelope Rossby solitary waves were established in the zonal area and could not be applied directly to the spherical earth, while we adopt the plane polar coordinate and overcome the problem. By theoretical analyses, the conservation laws of （2＋ 1）-dimensional envelope Rossby solitary waves as well as their variation under the influence of dissipation are studied. Finally, the one-soliton and two-soliton solutions of the （2＋ 1）-dimensional NLS equation are obtained with the Hirota method. Based on these solutions, by virtue of the chirp concept from fiber soliton communication, the chirp effect of envelope Rossby solitary waves is discussed, and the related impact factors of the chirp effect are given.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22203066)the 6th Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (No.2020QNRC001)。
文摘The size effects were experimentally investigated and the underlying mechanism was analyzed.The results reveal that,as the specimen size increases,the interconnectivity of macropores slightly decreases.This in turn constrains the diffusion of CO_(2) and moisture in the specimens,resulting in an increase in the discrepancy between the internal and external carbonation degrees.An increase in cement paste thickness simultaneously decreases the quantity,average size,and interconnectivity of macropores,lowering the diffusion efficacy of CO_(2) and moisture and exacerbating the overall heterogeneity in carbonation.Moreover,the gradual blockage of macropores leads to the emergence of localized ‘occluded zones’ with much lower carbonation degree.The reduction in aggregate size significantly alters the average diameter and connectivity of macropores,leading to notable change to overall non-uniformity.This study provides insight into improving the CO_(2) curing effect of pervious concrete products and developing uniform curing methods.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CBA01600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61261160499 and 11274154)+2 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2011ZX02707)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK2012302)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20120091110028)
文摘Field-effect transistors （FETs） for logic applications, graphene and MoS2, are discussed. These materials have based on two representative two-dimensional （2D） materials, drastically different properties and require different consider- ations. The unique band structure of graphene necessitates engineering of the Dirac point, including the opening of the bandgap, the doping and the interface, before the graphene can be used in logic applications. On the other hand, MoS2 is a semiconductor, and its electron transport depends heavily on the surface properties, the number of layers, and the carrier density. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the future developments in 2D material transistors.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60874100)
文摘The giant magneto-impedance（GMI）effect of amorphous wire was analyzed theoretically.The amorphous wire had strong GMI effect in the stimulation of sharp pulse of 680kHz and18 mV.A pulse generator was designed to provide high frequency pulse to a magnetic impedance（MI）element.The induced voltage on the pickup coil wound on the amorphous wire was sampled and held with a detect circuit using analog switch.A stable magnetic sensor was constructed.A three-dimension micro magnetic field detector was designed with a central controller MSP430F449.High stability and sensitivity were obtained in the MI sensor with the detect circuit.Experiment results showed that the resolution of the detector was 1nT in the full scale of±2 Oe and the detector worked stably from the room temperature to about 80℃.A small ferromagnetic target was detected by the three-dimension detector in laboratory environment without magnetic shielding.The target moving direction was ascertained with the wave shape of axis parallel in that direction.
基金Project supported by the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Devices&Integrated Technology,Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2014AA032901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61574166,61334007,61306117,61322408,61221004,and 61274091)+1 种基金Beijing Training Project for the Leading Talents in S&T,China(Grant No.Z151100000315008)the CAEP Microsystem and THz Science and Technology Foundation,China(Grant No.CAEPMT201504)
文摘Three-dimensional（3D） crossbar array architecture is one of the leading candidates for future ultra-high density nonvolatile memory applications. To realize the technological potential, understanding the reliability mechanisms of the3 D RRAM array has become a field of intense research. In this work, the endurance performance of the 3D 1D1 R crossbar array under the thermal effect is investigated in terms of numerical simulation. It is revealed that the endurance performance of the 3D 1D1 R array would be seriously deteriorated under thermal effects as the feature size scales down to a relatively small value. A possible method to alleviate the thermal effects is provided and verified by numerical simulation.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CBA00604)
文摘In this paper, we investigate the performance of the bulk fin field effect transistor （FinFET） through a three- dimensional （3D） full band Monte Carlo simulator with quantum correction. Several scattering mechanisms, such as the acoustic and optical phonon scattering, the ionized impurity scattering, the impact ionization scattering and the surface roughness scattering are considered in our simulator. The effects of the substrate bias and the surface roughness scattering near the Si/SiO2 interface on the performance of bulk FinFET are mainly discussed in our work. Our results show that the on-current of bulk FinFET is sensitive to the surface roughness and that we can reduce the substrate leakage current by modulating the substrate bias voltage.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.070414190).
文摘A three-dimensional （3-D） approach based on the state space method is proposed to study size-dependent mechanical properties of ultra-thin plate-like elastic structures considering surface effects. The structure is modeled as a laminate composed of a bulk bounded with upper and bottom surface layers, which are allowed to have different material properties from the bulk layer. State equations, including the surface properties of the structure, can be established on the basis of 3-D fundamental elasticity to analyze the size-dependent static characteristics of the thin plate-like structure. Compared with two-dimensional plate theories based size-dependent models for thin film structures in literature, the present 3-D approach is exact, which can provide benchmark results to assess the accuracy of 2-D plate theories and various numerical approaches. To show the feasibility of the proposed approach, a 3-D analytical solution for a simply supported plate-like thin structure including surface layers is derived. An algorithm is proposed for the calculation of the state equations obtained to ensure that the numerical results can reveal the surface effects clearly even for extremely thin surface layers. Numerical examples are carried out to exhibit the surface effects and some discussions are provided based on the results obtained.
文摘In this paper, we make an initial value investigation of the unsteady flow of incompressible viscous fluid between two rigid non-conducting rotating parallel plates bounded by a porous medium under the influence of a uniform magnetic field of strength H0 inclined at an angle of inclination α with normal to the boundaries taking hall current into account. The perturbations are created by a constant pressure gradient along the plates in addition to the non-torsional oscillations of the upper plate while the lower plate is at rest. The flow in the porous medium is governed by the Brinkman’s equations. The exact solution of the velocity in the porous medium consists of steady state and transient state. The time required for the transient state to decay is evaluated in detail and the ultimate quasi-steady state solution has been derived analytically. Its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to the various governing parameters. The shear stresses on the boundaries are also obtained analytically and their behaviour is computationally discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41406018)
文摘In the past few decades, the （1 ＋ 1）-dimensional nonlinear Schr6dinger （NLS） equation had been derived for envelope Rossby solitary waves in a line by employing the perturbation expansion method. But, with the development of theory, we note that the （1＋1）-dimensional model cannot reflect the evolution of envelope Rossby solitary waves in a plane. In this paper, by constructing a new （2＋1）-dimensional multiscale transform, we derive the （2＋1）-dimensional dissipation nonlinear Schrodinger equation （DNLS） to describe envelope Rossby solitary waves under the influence of dissipation which propagate in a plane. Especially, the previous researches about envelope Rossby solitary waves were established in the zonal area and could not be applied directly to the spherical earth, while we adopt the plane polar coordinate and overcome the problem. By theoretical analyses, the conservation laws of （2＋ 1）-dimensional envelope Rossby solitary waves as well as their variation under the influence of dissipation are studied. Finally, the one-soliton and two-soliton solutions of the （2＋ 1）-dimensional NLS equation are obtained with the Hirota method. Based on these solutions, by virtue of the chirp concept from fiber soliton communication, the chirp effect of envelope Rossby solitary waves is discussed, and the related impact factors of the chirp effect are given.
