With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenu...With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.展开更多
In the dynamic landscape of modern healthcare and precision medicine,the digital revolution is reshaping medical industries at an unprecedented pace,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is no exception[1-4].The paper...In the dynamic landscape of modern healthcare and precision medicine,the digital revolution is reshaping medical industries at an unprecedented pace,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is no exception[1-4].The paper“From digits towards digitization:the past,present,and future of traditional Chinese medicine”by Academician&TCM National Master Qi WANG(王琦).展开更多
Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention...Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.展开更多
In the context of the digital transformation of vocational education,a quality evaluation index system has been constructed.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among higher vocational colleges and enterprises in...In the context of the digital transformation of vocational education,a quality evaluation index system has been constructed.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among higher vocational colleges and enterprises in Hainan Province,it has been found that the quality of vocational education generally depends on the talent training program and professional construction at the macro level.At the meso level,the teacher level and teaching environment are critical,while at the micro level,the evaluation of talent training quality cannot be underestimated.Strategies for quality improvement in vocational education are proposed from the perspectives of talent training programs,major construction,teacher development,teaching environment,and talent training quality,all under the lens of digital transformation.展开更多
Deep tight reservoirs exhibit complex stress and seepage fields due to varying pore structures,thus the seepage characteristics are significant for enhancing oil production.This study conducted triaxial compression an...Deep tight reservoirs exhibit complex stress and seepage fields due to varying pore structures,thus the seepage characteristics are significant for enhancing oil production.This study conducted triaxial compression and permeability tests to investigate the mechanical and seepage properties of tight sandstone.A digital core of tight sandstone was built using Computed Tomography(CT)scanning,which was divided into matrix and pore phases by a pore equivalent diameter threshold.A fluid-solid coupling model was established to investigate the seepage characteristics at micro-scale.The results showed that increasing the confining pressure decreased porosity,permeability,and flow velocity,with the pore phase becoming the dominant seepage channel.Cracks and large pores closed first under increasing pressure,resulted in a steep drop in permeability.However,permeability slightly decreased under high confining pressure,which followed a first-order exponential function.Flow velocity increased with seepage pressure.And the damage mainly occurred in stress-concentration regions under low seepage pressure.Seepage behavior followed linear Darcy flow,the damage emerged at seepage entrances under high pressure,which decreased rock elastic modulus and significantly increased permeability.展开更多
In the era of the digital economy,digital trade has demonstrated strong vitality,becoming a crucial driving force for the highquality development of national and regional economies.However,understanding the resilience...In the era of the digital economy,digital trade has demonstrated strong vitality,becoming a crucial driving force for the highquality development of national and regional economies.However,understanding the resilience of digital trade in the face of external crises is an important topic.Taking the backdrop of Sino-US trade friction,this paper constructs a resilience index system for digital trade.It utilizes entropy method,kernel density estimation,and ArcGIS mapping to calculate and visually analyze the resilience of China’s digital trade from 2017 to 2021.Additionally,a Tobit model is constructed to explore the main influencing factors of digital trade resilience patterns.The research findings indicate:1)temporally,during the period of Sino-US trade friction,China’s digital trade resilience shows an overall upward trend,but there are regional differences in resilience levels across the country,with a severe polarization phenomenon.2)Spatially,high resilience is observed in the eastern and central regions of China,while the western and northeastern regions exhibit low resilience.3)From a dimensional perspective,the resistance of digital trade resilience displays a spatial distribution of high values in the east and low values in the west.The recovery force is aggregated along coastal areas,and the renewal force tends to aggregate along the eastern coastline.4)Factors such as economic scale,industrial structure,urbanization rate,government fiscal expenditure,and technological talents significantly promote the enhancement of digital trade resilience.This study reveals the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of digital trade resilience in responding to external shocks,providing theoretical basis and policy suggestions for enhancing digital trade resilience,and promoting high-quality economic development in China.展开更多
With the rapid advancement of visual generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)and stable Diffusion,the creation of highly realistic Deepfake through automated forgery has significantly progressed...With the rapid advancement of visual generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)and stable Diffusion,the creation of highly realistic Deepfake through automated forgery has significantly progressed.This paper examines the advancements inDeepfake detection and defense technologies,emphasizing the shift from passive detection methods to proactive digital watermarking techniques.Passive detection methods,which involve extracting features from images or videos to identify forgeries,encounter challenges such as poor performance against unknown manipulation techniques and susceptibility to counter-forensic tactics.In contrast,proactive digital watermarking techniques embed specificmarkers into images or videos,facilitating real-time detection and traceability,thereby providing a preemptive defense againstDeepfake content.We offer a comprehensive analysis of digitalwatermarking-based forensic techniques,discussing their advantages over passivemethods and highlighting four key benefits:real-time detection,embedded defense,resistance to tampering,and provision of legal evidence.Additionally,the paper identifies gaps in the literature concerning proactive forensic techniques and suggests future research directions,including cross-domain watermarking and adaptive watermarking strategies.By systematically classifying and comparing existing techniques,this review aims to contribute valuable insights for the development of more effective proactive defense strategies in Deepfake forensics.展开更多
Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional ...Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional crown control method is no longer sufficient to meet the precision requirements of schedule-free rolling.To address this limitation,an optimization framework for hot-rolled strip crown control was developed based on model-driven digital twin(MDDT).This framework enhances the strip crown control precision by facilitating collaborative operations among physical entities,virtual models,and functional application layers.In virtual modeling,a data-driven approach that integrates the extreme gradient boosting and the improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm was firstly proposed to fit the relationship between key process parameters and strip crown,and a global-local collaborative training strategy was proposed to enhance the model adaptability to diverse working conditions.Subsequently,the influence of crucial process factors on the virtual model was examined through model responses.Furthermore,a novel optimization mode for crown control based on MDDT was established by aligning and reconstructing both the physical and virtual models,thereby enhancing the crown control precision.Finally,data trials were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited satisfactory performance and could be effectively utilized to improve the crown control precision.展开更多
Modern western medicine typically focuses on treating specific symptoms or diseases,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)emphasizes the interconnections of the body’s various systems under external environment and ta...Modern western medicine typically focuses on treating specific symptoms or diseases,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)emphasizes the interconnections of the body’s various systems under external environment and takes a holistic approach to preventing and treating diseases.Phenomics was initially introduced to the field of TCM in 2008 as a new discipline that studies the laws of integrated and dynamic changes of human clinical phenomes under the scope of the theories and practices of TCM based on phenomics.While TCM Phenomics 1.0 has initially established a clinical phenomic system centered on Zhenghou(a TCM definition of clinical phenome),bottlenecks remain in data standardization,mechanistic interpretation,and precision intervention.Here,we systematically elaborates on the theoretical foundations,technical pathways,and future challenges of integrating digital medicine with TCM phenomics under the framework of“TCM phenomics 2.0”,which is supported by digital medicine technologies such as artificial intelligence,wearable devices,medical digital twins,and multi-omics integration.This framework aims to construct a closed-loop system of“Zhenghou–Phenome–Mechanism–Intervention”and to enable the digitization,standardization,and precision of disease diagnosis and treatment.The integration of digital medicine and TCM phenomics not only promotes the modernization and scientific transformation of TCM theory and practice but also offers new paradigms for precision medicine.In practice,digital tools facilitate multi-source clinical data acquisition and standardization,while AI and big data algorithms help reveal the correlations between clinical Zhenghou phenomes and molecular mechanisms,thereby improving scientific rigor in diagnosis,efficacy evaluation,and personalized intervention.Nevertheless,challenges persist,including data quality and standardization issues,shortage of interdisciplinary talents,and insufficiency of ethical and legal regulations.Future development requires establishing national data-sharing platforms,strengthening international collaboration,fostering interdisciplinary professionals,and improving ethical and legal frameworks.Ultimately,this approach seeks to build a new disease identification and classification system centered on phenomes and to achieve the inheritance,innovation,and modernization of TCM diagnostic and therapeutic patterns.展开更多
Deep-time Earth research plays a pivotal role in deciphering the rates,patterns,and mechanisms of Earth's evolutionary processes throughout geological history,providing essential scientific foundations for climate...Deep-time Earth research plays a pivotal role in deciphering the rates,patterns,and mechanisms of Earth's evolutionary processes throughout geological history,providing essential scientific foundations for climate prediction,natural resource exploration,and sustainable planetary stewardship.To advance Deep-time Earth research in the era of big data and artificial intelligence,the International Union of Geological Sciences initiated the“Deeptime Digital Earth International Big Science Program”(DDE)in 2019.At the core of this ambitious program lies the development of geoscience knowledge graphs,serving as a transformative knowledge infrastructure that enables the integration,sharing,mining,and analysis of heterogeneous geoscience big data.The DDE knowledge graph initiative has made significant strides in three critical dimensions:(1)establishing a unified knowledge structure across geoscience disciplines that ensures consistent representation of geological entities and their interrelationships through standardized ontologies and semantic frameworks;(2)developing a robust and scalable software infrastructure capable of supporting both expert-driven and machine-assisted knowledge engineering for large-scale graph construction and management;(3)implementing a comprehensive three-tiered architecture encompassing basic,discipline-specific,and application-oriented knowledge graphs,spanning approximately 20 geoscience disciplines.Through its open knowledge framework and international collaborative network,this initiative has fostered multinational research collaborations,establishing a robust foundation for next-generation geoscience research while propelling the discipline toward FAIR(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable)data practices in deep-time Earth systems research.展开更多
Diabetes is highly prevalent among the elderly worldwide,with the highest number of diabetes cases in China.Yet,the management of diabetes remains unsatisfactory.Recent advances in digital health technologies have fac...Diabetes is highly prevalent among the elderly worldwide,with the highest number of diabetes cases in China.Yet,the management of diabetes remains unsatisfactory.Recent advances in digital health technologies have facilitated the establishment of smart wards for diabetes patients.There is a lack of smart wards tailored specifically for older diabetes patients who encounter unique challenges in glycemic control and diabetes management,including an increased vulnerability to hypoglycemia,the presence of multiple chronic diseases,and cognitive decline.In this review,studies on digital health technologies for diabetes in China and beyond were summarized to elucidate how the adoption of digital health technologies,such as real-time continuous glucose monitoring,sensor-augmented pump technology,and their integration with 5th generation networks,big data cloud storage,and hospital information systems,can address issues specifically related to elderly diabetes patients in hospital wards.Furthermore,the challenges and future directions for establishing and implementing smart wards for elderly diabetes patients are discussed,and these challenges may also be applicable to other countries worldwide,not just in China.Taken together,the smart wards may enhance clinical outcomes,address specific issues,and eventually improve patient-centered hospital care for elderly patients with diabetes.展开更多
In the era of green logistics,digital transformation has become an effective means for the logistics industry’s high-quality development.Using listed companies in China’s logistics industry from 2010 to 2021 as the ...In the era of green logistics,digital transformation has become an effective means for the logistics industry’s high-quality development.Using listed companies in China’s logistics industry from 2010 to 2021 as the research samples,this paper conducts an empirical test on the impact of the digital transformation of logistics enterprises on their green in-novation.Specifically,enterprise digital transformation indicators are constructed through the text analysis method,and the fixed-effects model is applied for analysis.The results indicate that the digital transformation of logistics enterprises has a significant promoting effect on their green innovation;the promoting effect of the digital transformation of logistics enterprises on green innovation is primarily achieved by easing corporate financing constraints and reducing corporate en-vironmental uncertainty;and the impact of digital transformation on green innovation is geographically heterogeneous.展开更多
Redox flow batteries have gained wide attention at home and abroad as a long-duration energy storage technology with the advantages of high safety,long lifespan,mutual independence of capacity and power,and easy recyc...Redox flow batteries have gained wide attention at home and abroad as a long-duration energy storage technology with the advantages of high safety,long lifespan,mutual independence of capacity and power,and easy recycling.However,the current battery management technology faces significant challenges,and there is room for development.Digital twin(DT),as a technology that collectively senses,evaluates,predicts,and optimizes characteristics,is promising to contribute to redox flow batteries’operation,maintenance,and management.This paper begins with a brief description of redox flow batteries,followed by a short explanation of the concept and application of DTs.DTs have already made some progress in the field of batteries,and can be applied to solve the problems of redox flow batteries in terms of thermal management and system optimization.Finally,the paper analyzes the combination of redox flow battery and DT architecture,which is expected to contribute to developing DT technology for redox flow batteries.展开更多
The Literary Lab at Stanford University is one of the birthplaces of digital humanities and has maintained significant influence in this field over the years.Professor Hui Haifeng has been engaged in research on digit...The Literary Lab at Stanford University is one of the birthplaces of digital humanities and has maintained significant influence in this field over the years.Professor Hui Haifeng has been engaged in research on digital humanities and computational criticism in recent years.During his visiting scholarship at Stanford University,he participated in the activities of the Literary Lab.Taking this opportunity,he interviewed Professor Mark Algee-Hewitt,the director of the Literary Lab,discussing important topics such as the current state and reception of DH(digital humanities)in the English Department,the operations of the Literary Lab,and the landscape of computational criticism.Mark Algee-Hewitt's research focuses on the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in England and Germany and seeks to combine literary criticism with digital and quantitative analyses of literary texts.In particular,he is interested in the history of aesthetic theory and the development and transmission of aesthetic and philosophical concepts during the Enlightenment and Romantic periods.He is also interested in the relationship between aesthetic theory and the poetry of the long eighteenth century.Although his primary background is English literature,he also has a degree in computer science.He believes that the influence of digital humanities within the humanities disciplines is growing increasingly significant.This impact is evident in both the attraction and assistance it offers to students,as well as in the new interpretations it brings to traditional literary studies.He argues that the key to effectively integrating digital humanities into the English Department is to focus on literary research questions,exploring how digital tools can raise new questions or provide new insights into traditional research.展开更多
Misinformation has led to a crisis of digital wellbeing,especially in smart cities as networked connectivity has placed increasing pressures on individuals’mental and social health.Current academic and popular discou...Misinformation has led to a crisis of digital wellbeing,especially in smart cities as networked connectivity has placed increasing pressures on individuals’mental and social health.Current academic and popular discourses of digital wellbeing lack discussions on digital citizenship and are encoded in ideologies of neoliberal health,techno-solutionism and techno-determinism.This paper introduces an original digital wellbeing indicator framework to mitigate this crisis and address these gaps by identifying the mutual relationality between urban intelligence and digital citizenship as a key driver of digital wellbeing in the smart city.This paper argues that such an indicator framework is necessary to equip smart cities to move beyond efficiency metrics by embedding human-centred measures of balance,safety,and agency,ensuring that technological progress enhances,rather than erodes,the quality of urban life.展开更多
Digital twin is one of the key technologies driving the digitalization and intelligence of railway transportation equipment.The development of enabling technologies such as big data,industrial internet of things,and a...Digital twin is one of the key technologies driving the digitalization and intelligence of railway transportation equipment.The development of enabling technologies such as big data,industrial internet of things,and artificial intelligence has facilitated the deep integration of digital twin technology with railway transportation,promoting the high-quality development of the railway transportation industry.This paper studies the design,manufacturing,operation,and maintenance scenarios and requirements of high-speed train sets.Based on the current status of the application and development trends of digital twin technology,it proposes the overall architecture and functional architecture of a digital train for high-speed train sets.The paper also presents the engineering implementation of key high-speed train set bogie systems,providing valuable information for the future construction of digital trains for high-speed train sets.展开更多
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.24JL002)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M754054)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52120105008)Beijing Municipal Outstanding Young Scientis Program of Chinathe New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.
文摘In the dynamic landscape of modern healthcare and precision medicine,the digital revolution is reshaping medical industries at an unprecedented pace,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is no exception[1-4].The paper“From digits towards digitization:the past,present,and future of traditional Chinese medicine”by Academician&TCM National Master Qi WANG(王琦).
文摘Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.
文摘In the context of the digital transformation of vocational education,a quality evaluation index system has been constructed.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among higher vocational colleges and enterprises in Hainan Province,it has been found that the quality of vocational education generally depends on the talent training program and professional construction at the macro level.At the meso level,the teacher level and teaching environment are critical,while at the micro level,the evaluation of talent training quality cannot be underestimated.Strategies for quality improvement in vocational education are proposed from the perspectives of talent training programs,major construction,teacher development,teaching environment,and talent training quality,all under the lens of digital transformation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42272153 and 42472195)the Research Fund of PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company(No.671023060003)the Research Fund of China National Petroleum Corporation Limited(No.2023ZZ16YJ04).
文摘Deep tight reservoirs exhibit complex stress and seepage fields due to varying pore structures,thus the seepage characteristics are significant for enhancing oil production.This study conducted triaxial compression and permeability tests to investigate the mechanical and seepage properties of tight sandstone.A digital core of tight sandstone was built using Computed Tomography(CT)scanning,which was divided into matrix and pore phases by a pore equivalent diameter threshold.A fluid-solid coupling model was established to investigate the seepage characteristics at micro-scale.The results showed that increasing the confining pressure decreased porosity,permeability,and flow velocity,with the pore phase becoming the dominant seepage channel.Cracks and large pores closed first under increasing pressure,resulted in a steep drop in permeability.However,permeability slightly decreased under high confining pressure,which followed a first-order exponential function.Flow velocity increased with seepage pressure.And the damage mainly occurred in stress-concentration regions under low seepage pressure.Seepage behavior followed linear Darcy flow,the damage emerged at seepage entrances under high pressure,which decreased rock elastic modulus and significantly increased permeability.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42471205)the General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(No.2024JYTYB12)the Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Zhejiang Province(No.23NDJC109YB)。
文摘In the era of the digital economy,digital trade has demonstrated strong vitality,becoming a crucial driving force for the highquality development of national and regional economies.However,understanding the resilience of digital trade in the face of external crises is an important topic.Taking the backdrop of Sino-US trade friction,this paper constructs a resilience index system for digital trade.It utilizes entropy method,kernel density estimation,and ArcGIS mapping to calculate and visually analyze the resilience of China’s digital trade from 2017 to 2021.Additionally,a Tobit model is constructed to explore the main influencing factors of digital trade resilience patterns.The research findings indicate:1)temporally,during the period of Sino-US trade friction,China’s digital trade resilience shows an overall upward trend,but there are regional differences in resilience levels across the country,with a severe polarization phenomenon.2)Spatially,high resilience is observed in the eastern and central regions of China,while the western and northeastern regions exhibit low resilience.3)From a dimensional perspective,the resistance of digital trade resilience displays a spatial distribution of high values in the east and low values in the west.The recovery force is aggregated along coastal areas,and the renewal force tends to aggregate along the eastern coastline.4)Factors such as economic scale,industrial structure,urbanization rate,government fiscal expenditure,and technological talents significantly promote the enhancement of digital trade resilience.This study reveals the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of digital trade resilience in responding to external shocks,providing theoretical basis and policy suggestions for enhancing digital trade resilience,and promoting high-quality economic development in China.
基金supported by the National Fund Cultivation Project from China People’s Police University(Grant Number:JJPY202402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number:62172165).
文摘With the rapid advancement of visual generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)and stable Diffusion,the creation of highly realistic Deepfake through automated forgery has significantly progressed.This paper examines the advancements inDeepfake detection and defense technologies,emphasizing the shift from passive detection methods to proactive digital watermarking techniques.Passive detection methods,which involve extracting features from images or videos to identify forgeries,encounter challenges such as poor performance against unknown manipulation techniques and susceptibility to counter-forensic tactics.In contrast,proactive digital watermarking techniques embed specificmarkers into images or videos,facilitating real-time detection and traceability,thereby providing a preemptive defense againstDeepfake content.We offer a comprehensive analysis of digitalwatermarking-based forensic techniques,discussing their advantages over passivemethods and highlighting four key benefits:real-time detection,embedded defense,resistance to tampering,and provision of legal evidence.Additionally,the paper identifies gaps in the literature concerning proactive forensic techniques and suggests future research directions,including cross-domain watermarking and adaptive watermarking strategies.By systematically classifying and comparing existing techniques,this review aims to contribute valuable insights for the development of more effective proactive defense strategies in Deepfake forensics.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3710204)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(Grant No.AA23023028-1)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.JQ2022E007)Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.2023AA003).
文摘Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional crown control method is no longer sufficient to meet the precision requirements of schedule-free rolling.To address this limitation,an optimization framework for hot-rolled strip crown control was developed based on model-driven digital twin(MDDT).This framework enhances the strip crown control precision by facilitating collaborative operations among physical entities,virtual models,and functional application layers.In virtual modeling,a data-driven approach that integrates the extreme gradient boosting and the improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm was firstly proposed to fit the relationship between key process parameters and strip crown,and a global-local collaborative training strategy was proposed to enhance the model adaptability to diverse working conditions.Subsequently,the influence of crucial process factors on the virtual model was examined through model responses.Furthermore,a novel optimization mode for crown control based on MDDT was established by aligning and reconstructing both the physical and virtual models,thereby enhancing the crown control precision.Finally,data trials were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited satisfactory performance and could be effectively utilized to improve the crown control precision.
基金Science and Technology strategic cooperation Programs of Luzhou Municipal People’s Government and Southwest Medical University (2019LZXNYD-P01DUAN)National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFC3505400)Regional Key R&D Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (2024BEG01003)。
文摘Modern western medicine typically focuses on treating specific symptoms or diseases,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)emphasizes the interconnections of the body’s various systems under external environment and takes a holistic approach to preventing and treating diseases.Phenomics was initially introduced to the field of TCM in 2008 as a new discipline that studies the laws of integrated and dynamic changes of human clinical phenomes under the scope of the theories and practices of TCM based on phenomics.While TCM Phenomics 1.0 has initially established a clinical phenomic system centered on Zhenghou(a TCM definition of clinical phenome),bottlenecks remain in data standardization,mechanistic interpretation,and precision intervention.Here,we systematically elaborates on the theoretical foundations,technical pathways,and future challenges of integrating digital medicine with TCM phenomics under the framework of“TCM phenomics 2.0”,which is supported by digital medicine technologies such as artificial intelligence,wearable devices,medical digital twins,and multi-omics integration.This framework aims to construct a closed-loop system of“Zhenghou–Phenome–Mechanism–Intervention”and to enable the digitization,standardization,and precision of disease diagnosis and treatment.The integration of digital medicine and TCM phenomics not only promotes the modernization and scientific transformation of TCM theory and practice but also offers new paradigms for precision medicine.In practice,digital tools facilitate multi-source clinical data acquisition and standardization,while AI and big data algorithms help reveal the correlations between clinical Zhenghou phenomes and molecular mechanisms,thereby improving scientific rigor in diagnosis,efficacy evaluation,and personalized intervention.Nevertheless,challenges persist,including data quality and standardization issues,shortage of interdisciplinary talents,and insufficiency of ethical and legal regulations.Future development requires establishing national data-sharing platforms,strengthening international collaboration,fostering interdisciplinary professionals,and improving ethical and legal frameworks.Ultimately,this approach seeks to build a new disease identification and classification system centered on phenomes and to achieve the inheritance,innovation,and modernization of TCM diagnostic and therapeutic patterns.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDB0740000National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFB3904200,No.2022YFF0711601+1 种基金Key Project of Innovation LREIS,No.PI009National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42471503。
文摘Deep-time Earth research plays a pivotal role in deciphering the rates,patterns,and mechanisms of Earth's evolutionary processes throughout geological history,providing essential scientific foundations for climate prediction,natural resource exploration,and sustainable planetary stewardship.To advance Deep-time Earth research in the era of big data and artificial intelligence,the International Union of Geological Sciences initiated the“Deeptime Digital Earth International Big Science Program”(DDE)in 2019.At the core of this ambitious program lies the development of geoscience knowledge graphs,serving as a transformative knowledge infrastructure that enables the integration,sharing,mining,and analysis of heterogeneous geoscience big data.The DDE knowledge graph initiative has made significant strides in three critical dimensions:(1)establishing a unified knowledge structure across geoscience disciplines that ensures consistent representation of geological entities and their interrelationships through standardized ontologies and semantic frameworks;(2)developing a robust and scalable software infrastructure capable of supporting both expert-driven and machine-assisted knowledge engineering for large-scale graph construction and management;(3)implementing a comprehensive three-tiered architecture encompassing basic,discipline-specific,and application-oriented knowledge graphs,spanning approximately 20 geoscience disciplines.Through its open knowledge framework and international collaborative network,this initiative has fostered multinational research collaborations,establishing a robust foundation for next-generation geoscience research while propelling the discipline toward FAIR(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable)data practices in deep-time Earth systems research.
基金Supported by Post-Subsidy Funds from the National Clinical Research Center,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.303-01-001-0272-08Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program,No.PX2022032Beijing Municipal Public Welfare Development and Reform Pilot Project for Medical Research Institutes(PWD&RPP-MRI),No.JYY2023-13.
文摘Diabetes is highly prevalent among the elderly worldwide,with the highest number of diabetes cases in China.Yet,the management of diabetes remains unsatisfactory.Recent advances in digital health technologies have facilitated the establishment of smart wards for diabetes patients.There is a lack of smart wards tailored specifically for older diabetes patients who encounter unique challenges in glycemic control and diabetes management,including an increased vulnerability to hypoglycemia,the presence of multiple chronic diseases,and cognitive decline.In this review,studies on digital health technologies for diabetes in China and beyond were summarized to elucidate how the adoption of digital health technologies,such as real-time continuous glucose monitoring,sensor-augmented pump technology,and their integration with 5th generation networks,big data cloud storage,and hospital information systems,can address issues specifically related to elderly diabetes patients in hospital wards.Furthermore,the challenges and future directions for establishing and implementing smart wards for elderly diabetes patients are discussed,and these challenges may also be applicable to other countries worldwide,not just in China.Taken together,the smart wards may enhance clinical outcomes,address specific issues,and eventually improve patient-centered hospital care for elderly patients with diabetes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72374061,72204243)the Ministry of Education’s Humanities and Social Science Research Youth Fund Project(20YJC630138,22YJC630056)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2208085UD02)New Liberal Arts Fund Expansion Project of University of Science and Technology of China(FSSF-A-230317).
文摘In the era of green logistics,digital transformation has become an effective means for the logistics industry’s high-quality development.Using listed companies in China’s logistics industry from 2010 to 2021 as the research samples,this paper conducts an empirical test on the impact of the digital transformation of logistics enterprises on their green in-novation.Specifically,enterprise digital transformation indicators are constructed through the text analysis method,and the fixed-effects model is applied for analysis.The results indicate that the digital transformation of logistics enterprises has a significant promoting effect on their green innovation;the promoting effect of the digital transformation of logistics enterprises on green innovation is primarily achieved by easing corporate financing constraints and reducing corporate en-vironmental uncertainty;and the impact of digital transformation on green innovation is geographically heterogeneous.
基金Supported by the Special Educating Project of the Talent for Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(E3E56501A2)。
文摘Redox flow batteries have gained wide attention at home and abroad as a long-duration energy storage technology with the advantages of high safety,long lifespan,mutual independence of capacity and power,and easy recycling.However,the current battery management technology faces significant challenges,and there is room for development.Digital twin(DT),as a technology that collectively senses,evaluates,predicts,and optimizes characteristics,is promising to contribute to redox flow batteries’operation,maintenance,and management.This paper begins with a brief description of redox flow batteries,followed by a short explanation of the concept and application of DTs.DTs have already made some progress in the field of batteries,and can be applied to solve the problems of redox flow batteries in terms of thermal management and system optimization.Finally,the paper analyzes the combination of redox flow battery and DT architecture,which is expected to contribute to developing DT technology for redox flow batteries.
文摘The Literary Lab at Stanford University is one of the birthplaces of digital humanities and has maintained significant influence in this field over the years.Professor Hui Haifeng has been engaged in research on digital humanities and computational criticism in recent years.During his visiting scholarship at Stanford University,he participated in the activities of the Literary Lab.Taking this opportunity,he interviewed Professor Mark Algee-Hewitt,the director of the Literary Lab,discussing important topics such as the current state and reception of DH(digital humanities)in the English Department,the operations of the Literary Lab,and the landscape of computational criticism.Mark Algee-Hewitt's research focuses on the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in England and Germany and seeks to combine literary criticism with digital and quantitative analyses of literary texts.In particular,he is interested in the history of aesthetic theory and the development and transmission of aesthetic and philosophical concepts during the Enlightenment and Romantic periods.He is also interested in the relationship between aesthetic theory and the poetry of the long eighteenth century.Although his primary background is English literature,he also has a degree in computer science.He believes that the influence of digital humanities within the humanities disciplines is growing increasingly significant.This impact is evident in both the attraction and assistance it offers to students,as well as in the new interpretations it brings to traditional literary studies.He argues that the key to effectively integrating digital humanities into the English Department is to focus on literary research questions,exploring how digital tools can raise new questions or provide new insights into traditional research.
基金Grant from Centre for Trusted Internet and Community at the National University of Singapore(Project Number:CTIC-IP-21-01).
文摘Misinformation has led to a crisis of digital wellbeing,especially in smart cities as networked connectivity has placed increasing pressures on individuals’mental and social health.Current academic and popular discourses of digital wellbeing lack discussions on digital citizenship and are encoded in ideologies of neoliberal health,techno-solutionism and techno-determinism.This paper introduces an original digital wellbeing indicator framework to mitigate this crisis and address these gaps by identifying the mutual relationality between urban intelligence and digital citizenship as a key driver of digital wellbeing in the smart city.This paper argues that such an indicator framework is necessary to equip smart cities to move beyond efficiency metrics by embedding human-centred measures of balance,safety,and agency,ensuring that technological progress enhances,rather than erodes,the quality of urban life.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4301303)the Major Scientific Research Project of CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.SF/JS-Xu Zi-2024–439).
文摘Digital twin is one of the key technologies driving the digitalization and intelligence of railway transportation equipment.The development of enabling technologies such as big data,industrial internet of things,and artificial intelligence has facilitated the deep integration of digital twin technology with railway transportation,promoting the high-quality development of the railway transportation industry.This paper studies the design,manufacturing,operation,and maintenance scenarios and requirements of high-speed train sets.Based on the current status of the application and development trends of digital twin technology,it proposes the overall architecture and functional architecture of a digital train for high-speed train sets.The paper also presents the engineering implementation of key high-speed train set bogie systems,providing valuable information for the future construction of digital trains for high-speed train sets.
