Gene expression and the content of hormones regulating feed intake and digestion are crucial for understanding gastric evacuation(GE)and feeding frequency in fish.This study assessed the effects of temperature and siz...Gene expression and the content of hormones regulating feed intake and digestion are crucial for understanding gastric evacuation(GE)and feeding frequency in fish.This study assessed the effects of temperature and size on these parameters by examining the domestication of steelhead trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)at four temperatures(8℃,12℃,16℃,and 20℃)and with two sizes(75.99 g±10.48 g and 140.21 g±22.08 g)over two weeks.The trout were fasted for 72 h before the GE trial to ensure complete gastric emptying.In each GE trial,the expressions of peptide tyrosine(PYY),cholecystokinin(CCK),and ghrelin genes,along with corresponding serum hormone levels,were measured before feeding and at 0 h and 24 h after feeding,in conjunction with feed intake and 24-h gastric content mass.Results revealed significant effects of temperature on the expression of the three gastric genes.CCK expression increased at 8℃,correlating with reduced feed intake,while PYY and CCK increased at 20℃,correlating with accelerated gastric evacuation.Size significantly influenced serum levels of all three hormones,but the interaction between temperature and size did not affect PYY and ghrelin expression or their serum contents.This study provides molecular insights into how temperature and size regulate the digestion of steelhead trout,offering a theoretical framework for optimizing feeding frequency in aquaculture practices.展开更多
In this editorial,we comment on the article by Qin et al,recently published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Malignant tumors of the digestive tract represent a significant health threat.Kinesin famil...In this editorial,we comment on the article by Qin et al,recently published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Malignant tumors of the digestive tract represent a significant health threat.Kinesin family member 14(KIF14),a critical kinesin,is pivotal in the proliferation,migration,and invasion of tumor cells.It has emerged as a focal point in recent studies of malignant tumors in the digestive tract.This article reviews the current research on KIF14 within these tumors and details its significant role in tumor cell behaviors,including proliferation,apo-ptosis,migration,invasion,and angiogenesis,alongside the regulatory mechanisms of the associated intracellular signaling pathways.Additionally,it explores the clinical value of KIF14 as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis,disease monitoring,and prognostic evaluation in malignant tumors of the digestive tract.The article concludes by introducing the potential regulatory role of traditional Chinese medicine,aiming to combine the strengths of both modern and traditional medical approaches to enhance treatment outcomes and prognosis for patients with these tumors.展开更多
As a new type of pollutant,the harm caused by microplastics(MPs)to organisms has been the research focus.Recently,the proportion of MPs ingested through the digestive tract has gradually increased with the popularity ...As a new type of pollutant,the harm caused by microplastics(MPs)to organisms has been the research focus.Recently,the proportion of MPs ingested through the digestive tract has gradually increased with the popularity of fast-food products,such as takeout.The damage to the digestive system has attracted increasing attention.We reviewed the literature regarding toxicity of MPs and observed that they have different effects on multiple organs of the digestive system.The mechanism may be related to the toxic effects of MPs themselves,interactions with various substances in the biological body,and participation in various signaling pathways to induce adverse reactions as a carrier of toxins to increase the time and amount of body absorption.Based on the toxicity mechanism of MPs,we propose specific suggestions to provide a theoretical reference for the government and relevant departments.展开更多
BACKGROUND For patients with advanced gastric cancer,surgical resection remains the main treatment option.Total gastrectomy combined with radical resection of gastric cancer lesions and sentinel lymph nodes can signif...BACKGROUND For patients with advanced gastric cancer,surgical resection remains the main treatment option.Total gastrectomy combined with radical resection of gastric cancer lesions and sentinel lymph nodes can significantly prolong the survival of patients.Digestive tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy is essential to maintain gastrointestinal function and optimize postoperative recovery.Therefore,it is very important to choose a suitable reconstruction method to improve the quality of life of total gastrectomy patients.AIM To evaluate the effects of different digestive tract reconstruction methods in gastric cancer patients undergoing total gastrectomy.METHODS This retrospective study included 172 patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer at The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University for analysis.The patients were categorized into two groups:Group A,consisting of 90 patients who underwent modified Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy,and group B,consisting of 82 patients who underwent uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy.The general patient characteristics,perioperative indicators,postoperative gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function,nutritional status,immunological markers,and occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Group A showed shorter digestive tract reconstruction time than group B(P<0.05).On the first postoperative day,group A showed lower serum levels of D-lactate,diamine oxidase,and endotoxin than group B(P<0.05).One month postoperatively,group A showed higher prognostic nutritional index,serum albumin,total protein,and body weight than group B(P<0.05).One month postoperatively,the levels of cluster of differentiation(CD)3+,CD4+,and CD8+cells were not significantly different between two groups(P>0.05).The complication rates were 10.00%in group A and 24.39%in group B;group A had a significantly lower complication rate than group B(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Using modified Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy during total gastrectomy shortens the time required for gastrointestinal anastomosis,reduces surgery-induced gastrointestinal mucosal damage,and mitigates postoperative declines in nutritional status.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thirst management in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia requires attention.A simple,practical,and safe method can effectively relieve thirst symptom...BACKGROUND Thirst management in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia requires attention.A simple,practical,and safe method can effectively relieve thirst symptoms in such patients.AIM To evaluate the enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)-based evidence-based care(EBC)plus ice stimulation therapy for thirst management of convalescent patients following digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia.METHODS A total of 191 patients convalescing after digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia between March 2020 and February 2023 and experiencing thirst were selected.In total,89 patients and 102 patients in the control and research groups received routine care and ERAS-based EBC plus ice stimulation therapy,respectively.The following data were comparatively analyzed:(1)Thirst degree(thirst intensity numerical rating scale)and thirst distress(TD)degree(TD scale);(2)Oral mucosal wetness;(3)Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate(UWSFR);(4)Adverse reactions(palpitation,fatigue,chapped lips,and nausea and vomiting);and(5)Nursing satisfaction.RESULTS After nursing,thirst degree and distress were statistically lower in the research group than in the control group.Additionally,compared with the control group,the research group exhibited a lower degree of oral mucosal wetness,higher UWSFR,fewer adverse reactions,and more total nursing satisfaction.CONCLUSION ERAS-based EBC plus ice stimulation therapy can effectively alleviate thirst in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia.It can alleviate xerostomia symptoms,reduce adverse reactions,and improve patient comfort.展开更多
In this editorial,the roles of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 2(PTPN2)in oncogenic transformation and tumor behavior and its potential as a therapeutic target in the context of gastrointestinal(GI)cancers ar...In this editorial,the roles of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 2(PTPN2)in oncogenic transformation and tumor behavior and its potential as a therapeutic target in the context of gastrointestinal(GI)cancers are presented with respect to the article by Li et al published in ninth issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.PTPN2 is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family of signaling proteins that play crucial roles in the regulation of inflammation and immunity.Accordingly,early findings highlighted the contribution of PTPN2 to the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders related to its dysfunction.On the other hand,recent studies have indicated that PTPN2 has many different roles in different cancer types,which is associated with the complexity of its regulatory network.PTPN2 dephosphorylates and inactivates EGFR,SRC family kinases,JAK1 and JAK3,and STAT1,STAT3,and STAT5 in cell type-and context-dependent manners,which indicates that PTPN2 can perform either prooncogenic or anti-oncogenic functions depending on the tumor subtype.While PTPN2 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target in cancer treatment,to the best of ourknowledge,no clear treatment protocol has referred to PTPN2.Although there are only few studies that investigated PTPN2 expression in the GI system cancers,which is a potential limitation,the association of this protein with tumor behavior and the influence of PTPN2 on many therapy-related signaling pathways emphasize that PTPN2 could serve as a new molecular biomarker to predict tumor behavior and as a target for therapeutic intervention against GI cancers.In conclusion,more studies should be performed to better understand the prognostic and therapeutic potential of PTPN2 in GI tumors,especially in tumors resistant to therapy.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the therapeutic effect of high-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by painless digestive endoscopy(PDE)in elderly patients with gastrointestinal polyps(GP).Methods:A total of 100 elderl...Objective:To analyze the therapeutic effect of high-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by painless digestive endoscopy(PDE)in elderly patients with gastrointestinal polyps(GP).Methods:A total of 100 elderly GP patients admitted between June 2021 and December 2022 were selected.Patients were randomly divided into two groups:the painless group(50 cases)underwent high-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by PDE,while the conventional group(50 cases)underwent the same surgery guided by traditional digestive endoscopy(DE).The total treatment efficacy,perioperative indicators,gastrointestinal hormone levels,oxidative stress(OS)markers,and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The total treatment efficacy in the painless group was higher than that in the conventional group,and perioperative indicators were superior in the painless group(P<0.05).One week after treatment,the gastrointestinal hormone levels and OS-related markers in the painless group were better than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).The complication rate in the painless group was lower than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion:High-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by PDE improves the effectiveness of polyp removal in elderly GP patients and accelerates postoperative recovery.It also protects gastrointestinal function,reduces postoperative OS,and ensures higher surgical safety.展开更多
In this study,naringin was encapsulated in microspheres and its simulated digestive behavior in vitro was examined.Then naringin microspheres was added in yogurt to investigate the rheology and antioxidant activities....In this study,naringin was encapsulated in microspheres and its simulated digestive behavior in vitro was examined.Then naringin microspheres was added in yogurt to investigate the rheology and antioxidant activities.The results indicated that encapsulating naringin in microspheres delayed its digestion in the stomach,allowing more release in the intestinal part.All kinds of yogurt were solid-like in nature and the addition of microspheres increased the elastic modulus and viscosity.The naringin and microspheres incorporation enhanced the total phenolic content of the yogurt to 6.7 and 8.8 mg of gallic acid equivalent/mL,respectively.All kinds of yogurt demonstrated more than 80%scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals at 20μL whey/mL.The addition of microspheres improved the DPPH radical scavenging ability of yogurt.This study provides a new idea for the application of polyphenols in food and the development of functional yogurt.展开更多
Background Scant information is currently available on the use of insect oils in ruminant diets.Insect oils could be used as alternatives to certain conventional plant lipid sources that are considered no longer susta...Background Scant information is currently available on the use of insect oils in ruminant diets.Insect oils could be used as alternatives to certain conventional plant lipid sources that are considered no longer sustainable.This trial aims at evaluating the effects of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens oil(HIO)vs.hydrogenated palm fat(HPF)on digestive parameters,oxidative stress,and milk production performance of dairy cows.Results Twenty-six Valdostana Red Pied cows were randomly divided into two groups and fed with hay ad libitum and a concentrate containing 3%(as fed)of either HPF or HIO.The trial lasted 50 d,including two weeks of diet adaptation.Individual feed intake and milk yield were monitored three and four times a week,respectively.Fecal samples were collected at the end(d 50)of the trial to determine total-tract nutrients apparent digestibility.Individual blood samples were collected to evaluate blood plasma metabolites(d 0 and d 50)and oxidative stress parameters(d 0,d 26 and d 50).Milk samples were collected at d 0,d 14,d 26,d 38 and d 50 for chemical composition analysis.Feed efficiency was estimated through feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake(RFI).Data were analyzed by SAS software using a mixed model.The diet had no effect on nutrients intake and apparent total-tract digestibility.However,the dietary inclusion of HIO led to higher milk production(+0.82 kg/cow/d;P<0.05)and slightly lower RFI(−0.008;P<0.001)when compared to the HPF diet.Milk composition and the nutritional metabolic status of the cows remained unaffected by diet.Serum antioxidant capacity was comparable between the two groups,while lower derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolite concentrations were observed in the HIO-fed cows when compared to the HPF-fed ones(−37.13 Carratelli Units;P<0.001).Conclusions The dietary inclusion of HIO instead of HPF did not negatively affect feed palatability and total-tract apparent digestibility of nutrients in dairy cows.Furthermore,it increased feed efficiency by supporting a higher milk production together with an improved antioxidant status.The results suggest that HIO could be an eligible option as an innovative energy source for dairy cows.展开更多
Introduction: Upper digestive hemorrhage is one of the main digestive emergencies and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Mali. The aim of this study was to describe the therapeutic profile and outcome...Introduction: Upper digestive hemorrhage is one of the main digestive emergencies and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Mali. The aim of this study was to describe the therapeutic profile and outcome of patients suffering from upper digestive haemorrhage. Methodology: This was a prospective study carried out in the internal medicine department of the Sikasso Regional Hospital from August 2022 to July 2023. All adult patients presenting with upper digestive haemorrhage and having given their consent, were included. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Results: Sixty-three patients were enrolled. The mean age was 49.7 ± 18.99 years, with a male-female sex ratio of 2.2. Ruptured esophageal varices (37.5%) and peptic ulcer (25%) were the main etiologies. Pharmacological treatment was dominated by proton pump inhibitors (85.7%). Hemostasis endoscopy accounted for 3.17%. The evolution was marked by hemorrhagic arrest (69.84%), recurrence of hemorrhage (11.11%) and death (19.04%), the main cause of which was hemorrhagic shock (58.3%). We found no statistically significant relationship between prognosis and etiologies (P = 0.11), and length of hospital stay (P = 0.18). Conclusion: Hemostasis endoscopy remains a challenge for Sikasso Hospital. A holistic strategy of communication and community awareness-raising, combined with adequate technical facilities, will help to improve patient care and outcomes.展开更多
Gender disparities are evident across different types of digestive system cancers,which are typically characterized by a lower incidence and mortality rate in females compared to males.This finding suggests a potentia...Gender disparities are evident across different types of digestive system cancers,which are typically characterized by a lower incidence and mortality rate in females compared to males.This finding suggests a potential protective role of female steroid hormones,particularly estrogen,in the development of these cancers.Estrogen is a well-known sex hormone that not only regulates the reproductive system but also exerts diverse effects on non-reproductive organs mediated through interactions with estrogen receptors(ERs),including the classic(ERαand ERβ)and non-traditional ERs[G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER)].Recent advances have contributed to our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying ERs in digestive system cancers.In this comprehensive review we summarize the current understanding of the intricate roles played by estrogen and ERs in the major types of digestive system cancers,including hepatocellular,pancreatic,esophageal,gastric,and colorectal carcinoma.Furthermore,we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms underlying ERα,ERβ,and GPER effects,and propose perspectives on innovative therapies and preventive measures targeting the pathways regulated by estrogen and ERs.The roles of estrogen and ERs in digestive system cancers are complicated and depend on the cell type and tissue involved.Additionally,deciphering the intricate roles of estrogen,ERs,and the associated signaling pathways may guide the discovery of novel and tailored therapeutic and preventive strategies for digestive system cancers,eventually improving the care and clinical outcomes for the substantial number of individuals worldwide affected by these malignancies.展开更多
Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of dig...Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case–control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk.Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis.Results After Bonferroni correction,the case–control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population.Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among digestive tract malignancies,following gastric cancer.Sleep is of great significance for maintaining human health.The incidence o...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among digestive tract malignancies,following gastric cancer.Sleep is of great significance for maintaining human health.The incidence of sleep disorders in patients with cancer is approximately twice that observed in the general population.Lack of sleep can prolong hospital stays,increase the likelihood of infection,and increase mortality rates.Therefore,studying the factors related to sleep quality is significant for improving the quality of life of patients with malignant tumors of the digestive tract.AIM To investigate the relationships among sleep quality,disease uncertainty,and psychological resilience in patients undergoing chemotherapy for digestive tract malignancies.METHODS A total of 131 patients with malignant digestive tract tumors who were treated at Hefei BOE Hospital between April 2021 and September 2022 were selected as research participants.Based on their Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores,participants were divided into either the sleep disorder group(PSQI score>7)or the normal sleep group(PSQI score≤7).The clinical data—together with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Adults(MUIS-A)and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)scores—were compared.RESULTS In this study,78(59.54%)patients with digestive tract malignancies developed sleep disorders after chemotherapy.Sleep disorder incidence was higher in patients with colorectal cancer than in those with gastric and esophageal cancers(P<0.05).The total MUIS-A score and those for each item in the sleep disorder group were higher than those in the normal sleep group.The total CD-RISC score and those for each item in the sleep disorder group were lower than those in the normal sleep group(P<0.05).The PSQI scores of patients with malignant digestive tract tumors were positively correlated with the scores for lack of disease information,disease uncertainty,and unpredictability in the MUIS-A and negatively correlated with the scores for tenacity,self-improvement,and optimism in the CD-RISC(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients undergoing chemotherapy for digestive tract malignancies are prone to sleep problems related to disease uncertainty and psychological resilience.Therefore,interventions can be implemented to improve their sleep quality.展开更多
Our previous study has revealed that procyanidin A_(1)(A_(1))and its simulated digestive product(D-A,)can alleviate acrylamide(ACR)-induced intestine cell damage.However,the underlying mechanism remains unknown.In thi...Our previous study has revealed that procyanidin A_(1)(A_(1))and its simulated digestive product(D-A,)can alleviate acrylamide(ACR)-induced intestine cell damage.However,the underlying mechanism remains unknown.In this study,we elucidated the molecular mechanism for and D-A_(1) to alleviate ACR-stimulated IPEC-J2 cell damage.ACR slightly activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling and its target genes,but this activation could not reduce intestine cell damage.A_(1) and D-A_(1) could alleviate ACR-induced cell damage,but the effect was abrogated in cells transiently transfected with Nrf2 small interfering RNA(siRNA).Further investigation confirmed that A_(1) and D-A_(1) interacted with Ketch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keapl),which boosted the stabilization of Nrf2,subsequently promoted the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus,and further increased the expression of antioxidant proteins,thereby inhibiting glutathione(GSH)consumption,maintaining redox balance and eventually alleviating ACR-induced cell damage.Importantly,there was no difference between A_(1) and D-A_(1) treated groups,indicating that A_(1) can tolerate gastrointestinal digestion and may be a potential compound to limit the toxicity of ACR.展开更多
Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells.This review focuses on digestive system b...Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells.This review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients,including gastroblastoma,hepatoblastoma,and pancreatoblastoma.Gastroblastoma is a biphasic,epitheliomesenchymal tumor,with only sixteen cases reported to date.In addition to the characteristic histology,metastasisassociated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical,although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been described.Hepatoblastoma is exceptionally rare in adults and can show a variety of histologic patterns which may cause diagnostic difficulty.Pancreatoblastoma,primarily a pediatric tumor,displays acinar differentiation and squamoid nests with other lines of differentiation also present,especially neuroendocrine.Diagnostic approaches for these blastomas include a combination of imaging modalities,histopathological examination,and molecular profiling.The treatment generally involves surgical resection,which may be supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in some cases.Prognoses vary with gastroblastoma generally showing favorable outcomes post-surgery whereas hepatoblastoma and pancreatoblastoma often have poorer outcomes,particularly in the setting of metastases.This review highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing these rare adult blastomas as well as the need for ongoing research to better understand their pathogenesis and improve treatment strategies.展开更多
Resveratrol(RSV),the primary polyphenol found in grapes,has been revealed to have anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the capacity of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines,i...Resveratrol(RSV),the primary polyphenol found in grapes,has been revealed to have anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the capacity of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines,including IL-1β,IL-6,IL-1ra and TNFα.Considering the close association between chronic inflammation and cancer development,RSV’s immunomodulatory properties are one way by which the polyphenol may inhibit cancer initiation,proliferation,neovascularization,and migration.Resveratrol influences the generation of microtumor environment which is one of the key factors in cancer progress.In addition to immunomodulation,RSV inhibits cancer development by expressing anti-oxidant effects,causing cell cycle arrest,stimulating the function of certain enzymes,and activating cell signaling pathways.The end outcome is one of the various forms of cell death,including apoptosis,pyroptosis,necroptosis,and more,as it has been observed in vitro.RSV has been shown to act against cancer in practically every organ,while its effects on colon cancer have been documented more frequently.It is remarkable that longer-term clinical studies that may have established the potential for this natural substance to serve as a therapeutic adjuvant to traditional anti-cancer medications were not prompted by the encouraging outcomes seen with cancer cells treated with non-toxic doses of resveratrol.The current review aims to assess the recent findings about the immunological and anti-cancer characteristics of RSV,with a particular emphasis on cancers of the digestive tract,as a challenge for future clinical research that may contribute to the better prognosis of cancer.展开更多
Autophagy,a conserved cellular degradation process,is crucial for various cellular processes such as immune responses,inflammation,metabolic and oxidative stress adaptation,cell proliferation,development,and tissue re...Autophagy,a conserved cellular degradation process,is crucial for various cellular processes such as immune responses,inflammation,metabolic and oxidative stress adaptation,cell proliferation,development,and tissue repair and remodeling.Dysregulation of autophagy is suspected in numerous diseases,including cancer,neurodegenerative diseases,digestive disorders,metabolic syndromes,and infectious and inflammatory diseases.If autophagy is disrupted,for example,this can have serious consequences and lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage,as occurs in diseases such as Chron's disease and ulcerative colitis.On the other hand,the influence of autophagy on the development and progression of cancer is not clear.Autophagy can both suppress and promote the progression and metastasis of cancer at various stages.From inflammatory bowel diseases to gastrointestinal cancer,researchers are discovering the intricate role of autophagy in maintaining gut health and its potential as a therapeutic target.Researchers should carefully consider the nature and progression of diseases such as cancer when trying to determine whether inhibiting or stimulating autophagy is likely to be beneficial.Multidisciplinary approaches that combine cutting-edge research with clinical expertise are key to unlocking the full therapeutic potential of autophagy in digestive diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological...BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological mechanisms.Although the importance and detection methods of glycosylation in digestive system tumors have garnered increasing attention in recent years,bibliometric analysis of this field remains scarce.The present study aims to identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.AIM To find and identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.METHODS We obtained relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and employed VOSviewer 1.6.19 and CiteSpace(version 6.1.R6)to perform bibliometric analysis.RESULTS A total of 2042 documents spanning from 1978 to the present were analyzed,with the research process divided into three phases:the period of obscurity(1978-1990),continuous development period(1991-2006),and the rapid outbreak period(2007-2023).These documents were authored by researchers from 66 countries or regions,with the United States and China leading in terms of publication output.Reis Celso A had the highest number of publications,while Pinho SS was the most cited author.Co-occurrence analysis revealed the most popular keywords in this field are glycosylation,expression,cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Furthermore,the Journal of Proteome Research was the most prolific journal in terms of publications,while the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the most citations.CONCLUSION The bibliometric analysis shows current research focus is primarily on basic research in this field.However,future research should aim to utilize glycosylation as a target for treating tumor patients.展开更多
In this editorial,a comment on the article by Díaz-López et al published in the recent issue of the 2024 is provided.We focus on the practical implications critical for providing a correct and complete diagn...In this editorial,a comment on the article by Díaz-López et al published in the recent issue of the 2024 is provided.We focus on the practical implications critical for providing a correct and complete diagnosis of mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)in the gastrointestinal system.The diagnosis of MiNEN begins with the recognition of neuroendocrine features in one component of a biphasic tumor.The non-neuroendocrine counterpart can be virtually represented by any neoplastic type,even though the most frequent histologies are glandular and squamous.However,qualification of the neuroendocrine component requires histological and immunohistochemical confirmation.Neuroendocrine tumors are characterized by a peculiar architectural organization and bland nuclei with granular“salt and pepper”chromatin.Although neuroendocrine carcinomas have multiple and variable presentations,they typically show a solid or organoid architecture.The histological aspect needs to be confirmed by immunohistochemistry,and a diagnosis is confirmed whenever the expression of keratin and neuroendocrine markers is observed.Once both histopathological and immunohistochemical features of neuroendocrine neoplasms are identified,it is important to consider the three major pitfalls of MiNEN diagnostics:(1)Entrapment of neuroendocrine non-neoplastic cells within the tumor mass;(2)Differential diagnosis with amphicrine neoplasms;and(3)Differential diagnosis of tumors that partially express neuroendocrine markers.According to the current guidelines for diagnosing digestive MiNEN,each component must represent at least 30%of the entire neoplastic mass.Although the high-grade histopathological subtype frequently determines disease prognosis,both components can significantly affect prognosis.Thus,if one of the components,either neuroendocrine or non-neuroendocrine,does not fulfill the volumetric criteria,the guidelines still encourage reporting it.These strict criteria are essential for correctly recognizing and characterizing digestive MiNENs.This task is essential because it has prognostic relevance and substantial potential value for guiding further studies in this field.In the future,systematic analyses should be performed to validate or reconsider the current 30%cutoff value.展开更多
The receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the MET gene plays an important role in various cellular processes such as growth,survival,migration and angiogenesis,and its abnormal activation is closely related to the occur...The receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the MET gene plays an important role in various cellular processes such as growth,survival,migration and angiogenesis,and its abnormal activation is closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors.This article reviews the recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of MET-variant digestive tract tumors.In terms of diagnosis,the application of next-generation sequencing technology and liquid biopsy technology makes the detection of MET variants more accurate and efficient,providing a reliable basis for individualized treatment.In terms of treatment,MET inhibitors such as crizotinib and cabotinib have shown good efficacy in clinical trials.In addition,the combination of immunotherapy and MET inhibitors also demonstrated potential synergies,further improving the therapeutic effect.However,the complexity and heterogeneity of drug resistance mechanisms are still one of the difficulties in current research.In the future,it is necessary to further deepen the understanding of the mechanism of MET variation and explore new combination treatment strategies to improve the overall survival rate and quality of life of patients.The diagnosis and treatment of MET-variant digestive tract tumors are moving towards precision and individualization,and have broad application prospects.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2024YFD2400300 and 2019YFD0901000)the Natural National Science Foundation of China(No.32373104).
文摘Gene expression and the content of hormones regulating feed intake and digestion are crucial for understanding gastric evacuation(GE)and feeding frequency in fish.This study assessed the effects of temperature and size on these parameters by examining the domestication of steelhead trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)at four temperatures(8℃,12℃,16℃,and 20℃)and with two sizes(75.99 g±10.48 g and 140.21 g±22.08 g)over two weeks.The trout were fasted for 72 h before the GE trial to ensure complete gastric emptying.In each GE trial,the expressions of peptide tyrosine(PYY),cholecystokinin(CCK),and ghrelin genes,along with corresponding serum hormone levels,were measured before feeding and at 0 h and 24 h after feeding,in conjunction with feed intake and 24-h gastric content mass.Results revealed significant effects of temperature on the expression of the three gastric genes.CCK expression increased at 8℃,correlating with reduced feed intake,while PYY and CCK increased at 20℃,correlating with accelerated gastric evacuation.Size significantly influenced serum levels of all three hormones,but the interaction between temperature and size did not affect PYY and ghrelin expression or their serum contents.This study provides molecular insights into how temperature and size regulate the digestion of steelhead trout,offering a theoretical framework for optimizing feeding frequency in aquaculture practices.
基金Supported by the 2023 Government-funded Project of the Outstanding Talents Training Program in Clinical Medicine,No.ZF2023165Key Research and Development Projects of Hebei Province,No.18277731D+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.H202423105Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Scientific Research Project,No.2020014.
文摘In this editorial,we comment on the article by Qin et al,recently published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.Malignant tumors of the digestive tract represent a significant health threat.Kinesin family member 14(KIF14),a critical kinesin,is pivotal in the proliferation,migration,and invasion of tumor cells.It has emerged as a focal point in recent studies of malignant tumors in the digestive tract.This article reviews the current research on KIF14 within these tumors and details its significant role in tumor cell behaviors,including proliferation,apo-ptosis,migration,invasion,and angiogenesis,alongside the regulatory mechanisms of the associated intracellular signaling pathways.Additionally,it explores the clinical value of KIF14 as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis,disease monitoring,and prognostic evaluation in malignant tumors of the digestive tract.The article concludes by introducing the potential regulatory role of traditional Chinese medicine,aiming to combine the strengths of both modern and traditional medical approaches to enhance treatment outcomes and prognosis for patients with these tumors.
文摘As a new type of pollutant,the harm caused by microplastics(MPs)to organisms has been the research focus.Recently,the proportion of MPs ingested through the digestive tract has gradually increased with the popularity of fast-food products,such as takeout.The damage to the digestive system has attracted increasing attention.We reviewed the literature regarding toxicity of MPs and observed that they have different effects on multiple organs of the digestive system.The mechanism may be related to the toxic effects of MPs themselves,interactions with various substances in the biological body,and participation in various signaling pathways to induce adverse reactions as a carrier of toxins to increase the time and amount of body absorption.Based on the toxicity mechanism of MPs,we propose specific suggestions to provide a theoretical reference for the government and relevant departments.
文摘BACKGROUND For patients with advanced gastric cancer,surgical resection remains the main treatment option.Total gastrectomy combined with radical resection of gastric cancer lesions and sentinel lymph nodes can significantly prolong the survival of patients.Digestive tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy is essential to maintain gastrointestinal function and optimize postoperative recovery.Therefore,it is very important to choose a suitable reconstruction method to improve the quality of life of total gastrectomy patients.AIM To evaluate the effects of different digestive tract reconstruction methods in gastric cancer patients undergoing total gastrectomy.METHODS This retrospective study included 172 patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer at The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University for analysis.The patients were categorized into two groups:Group A,consisting of 90 patients who underwent modified Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy,and group B,consisting of 82 patients who underwent uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy.The general patient characteristics,perioperative indicators,postoperative gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function,nutritional status,immunological markers,and occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Group A showed shorter digestive tract reconstruction time than group B(P<0.05).On the first postoperative day,group A showed lower serum levels of D-lactate,diamine oxidase,and endotoxin than group B(P<0.05).One month postoperatively,group A showed higher prognostic nutritional index,serum albumin,total protein,and body weight than group B(P<0.05).One month postoperatively,the levels of cluster of differentiation(CD)3+,CD4+,and CD8+cells were not significantly different between two groups(P>0.05).The complication rates were 10.00%in group A and 24.39%in group B;group A had a significantly lower complication rate than group B(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Using modified Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy during total gastrectomy shortens the time required for gastrointestinal anastomosis,reduces surgery-induced gastrointestinal mucosal damage,and mitigates postoperative declines in nutritional status.
文摘BACKGROUND Thirst management in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia requires attention.A simple,practical,and safe method can effectively relieve thirst symptoms in such patients.AIM To evaluate the enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)-based evidence-based care(EBC)plus ice stimulation therapy for thirst management of convalescent patients following digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia.METHODS A total of 191 patients convalescing after digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia between March 2020 and February 2023 and experiencing thirst were selected.In total,89 patients and 102 patients in the control and research groups received routine care and ERAS-based EBC plus ice stimulation therapy,respectively.The following data were comparatively analyzed:(1)Thirst degree(thirst intensity numerical rating scale)and thirst distress(TD)degree(TD scale);(2)Oral mucosal wetness;(3)Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate(UWSFR);(4)Adverse reactions(palpitation,fatigue,chapped lips,and nausea and vomiting);and(5)Nursing satisfaction.RESULTS After nursing,thirst degree and distress were statistically lower in the research group than in the control group.Additionally,compared with the control group,the research group exhibited a lower degree of oral mucosal wetness,higher UWSFR,fewer adverse reactions,and more total nursing satisfaction.CONCLUSION ERAS-based EBC plus ice stimulation therapy can effectively alleviate thirst in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia.It can alleviate xerostomia symptoms,reduce adverse reactions,and improve patient comfort.
文摘In this editorial,the roles of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 2(PTPN2)in oncogenic transformation and tumor behavior and its potential as a therapeutic target in the context of gastrointestinal(GI)cancers are presented with respect to the article by Li et al published in ninth issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.PTPN2 is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family of signaling proteins that play crucial roles in the regulation of inflammation and immunity.Accordingly,early findings highlighted the contribution of PTPN2 to the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders related to its dysfunction.On the other hand,recent studies have indicated that PTPN2 has many different roles in different cancer types,which is associated with the complexity of its regulatory network.PTPN2 dephosphorylates and inactivates EGFR,SRC family kinases,JAK1 and JAK3,and STAT1,STAT3,and STAT5 in cell type-and context-dependent manners,which indicates that PTPN2 can perform either prooncogenic or anti-oncogenic functions depending on the tumor subtype.While PTPN2 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target in cancer treatment,to the best of ourknowledge,no clear treatment protocol has referred to PTPN2.Although there are only few studies that investigated PTPN2 expression in the GI system cancers,which is a potential limitation,the association of this protein with tumor behavior and the influence of PTPN2 on many therapy-related signaling pathways emphasize that PTPN2 could serve as a new molecular biomarker to predict tumor behavior and as a target for therapeutic intervention against GI cancers.In conclusion,more studies should be performed to better understand the prognostic and therapeutic potential of PTPN2 in GI tumors,especially in tumors resistant to therapy.
文摘Objective:To analyze the therapeutic effect of high-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by painless digestive endoscopy(PDE)in elderly patients with gastrointestinal polyps(GP).Methods:A total of 100 elderly GP patients admitted between June 2021 and December 2022 were selected.Patients were randomly divided into two groups:the painless group(50 cases)underwent high-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by PDE,while the conventional group(50 cases)underwent the same surgery guided by traditional digestive endoscopy(DE).The total treatment efficacy,perioperative indicators,gastrointestinal hormone levels,oxidative stress(OS)markers,and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The total treatment efficacy in the painless group was higher than that in the conventional group,and perioperative indicators were superior in the painless group(P<0.05).One week after treatment,the gastrointestinal hormone levels and OS-related markers in the painless group were better than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).The complication rate in the painless group was lower than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion:High-frequency electrosurgical knife surgery guided by PDE improves the effectiveness of polyp removal in elderly GP patients and accelerates postoperative recovery.It also protects gastrointestinal function,reduces postoperative OS,and ensures higher surgical safety.
基金funded by the People’s Livelihood Plan Project of Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province(2021JH2/10300069,2019-ZD-0845)the Department of Education of Liaoning Province(Natural Science,Strategic Industrialization Project,LJ212410163061)the Liaoning Province College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202410163077).
文摘In this study,naringin was encapsulated in microspheres and its simulated digestive behavior in vitro was examined.Then naringin microspheres was added in yogurt to investigate the rheology and antioxidant activities.The results indicated that encapsulating naringin in microspheres delayed its digestion in the stomach,allowing more release in the intestinal part.All kinds of yogurt were solid-like in nature and the addition of microspheres increased the elastic modulus and viscosity.The naringin and microspheres incorporation enhanced the total phenolic content of the yogurt to 6.7 and 8.8 mg of gallic acid equivalent/mL,respectively.All kinds of yogurt demonstrated more than 80%scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals at 20μL whey/mL.The addition of microspheres improved the DPPH radical scavenging ability of yogurt.This study provides a new idea for the application of polyphenols in food and the development of functional yogurt.
基金funded by the HiGa project,supported within the Green Era Hub call by the Green Development and Demonstration Programme,GUDP,under the Ministry of Food,Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark,the Flanders Innovation&Entrepreneurship(VLAIO)the Italian Ministry of Agriculture,Food Sovereignty and Forests(CUP:D23 C23000570005).
文摘Background Scant information is currently available on the use of insect oils in ruminant diets.Insect oils could be used as alternatives to certain conventional plant lipid sources that are considered no longer sustainable.This trial aims at evaluating the effects of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens oil(HIO)vs.hydrogenated palm fat(HPF)on digestive parameters,oxidative stress,and milk production performance of dairy cows.Results Twenty-six Valdostana Red Pied cows were randomly divided into two groups and fed with hay ad libitum and a concentrate containing 3%(as fed)of either HPF or HIO.The trial lasted 50 d,including two weeks of diet adaptation.Individual feed intake and milk yield were monitored three and four times a week,respectively.Fecal samples were collected at the end(d 50)of the trial to determine total-tract nutrients apparent digestibility.Individual blood samples were collected to evaluate blood plasma metabolites(d 0 and d 50)and oxidative stress parameters(d 0,d 26 and d 50).Milk samples were collected at d 0,d 14,d 26,d 38 and d 50 for chemical composition analysis.Feed efficiency was estimated through feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake(RFI).Data were analyzed by SAS software using a mixed model.The diet had no effect on nutrients intake and apparent total-tract digestibility.However,the dietary inclusion of HIO led to higher milk production(+0.82 kg/cow/d;P<0.05)and slightly lower RFI(−0.008;P<0.001)when compared to the HPF diet.Milk composition and the nutritional metabolic status of the cows remained unaffected by diet.Serum antioxidant capacity was comparable between the two groups,while lower derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolite concentrations were observed in the HIO-fed cows when compared to the HPF-fed ones(−37.13 Carratelli Units;P<0.001).Conclusions The dietary inclusion of HIO instead of HPF did not negatively affect feed palatability and total-tract apparent digestibility of nutrients in dairy cows.Furthermore,it increased feed efficiency by supporting a higher milk production together with an improved antioxidant status.The results suggest that HIO could be an eligible option as an innovative energy source for dairy cows.
文摘Introduction: Upper digestive hemorrhage is one of the main digestive emergencies and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Mali. The aim of this study was to describe the therapeutic profile and outcome of patients suffering from upper digestive haemorrhage. Methodology: This was a prospective study carried out in the internal medicine department of the Sikasso Regional Hospital from August 2022 to July 2023. All adult patients presenting with upper digestive haemorrhage and having given their consent, were included. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Results: Sixty-three patients were enrolled. The mean age was 49.7 ± 18.99 years, with a male-female sex ratio of 2.2. Ruptured esophageal varices (37.5%) and peptic ulcer (25%) were the main etiologies. Pharmacological treatment was dominated by proton pump inhibitors (85.7%). Hemostasis endoscopy accounted for 3.17%. The evolution was marked by hemorrhagic arrest (69.84%), recurrence of hemorrhage (11.11%) and death (19.04%), the main cause of which was hemorrhagic shock (58.3%). We found no statistically significant relationship between prognosis and etiologies (P = 0.11), and length of hospital stay (P = 0.18). Conclusion: Hemostasis endoscopy remains a challenge for Sikasso Hospital. A holistic strategy of communication and community awareness-raising, combined with adequate technical facilities, will help to improve patient care and outcomes.
基金supported by grants from the Project of Scientific and Technologic Bureau of Guangzhou City(Grant No.202201010165)the Key Project of Scientific and Technologic Bureau of Guangzhou City(Grant No.202201020335).
文摘Gender disparities are evident across different types of digestive system cancers,which are typically characterized by a lower incidence and mortality rate in females compared to males.This finding suggests a potential protective role of female steroid hormones,particularly estrogen,in the development of these cancers.Estrogen is a well-known sex hormone that not only regulates the reproductive system but also exerts diverse effects on non-reproductive organs mediated through interactions with estrogen receptors(ERs),including the classic(ERαand ERβ)and non-traditional ERs[G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER)].Recent advances have contributed to our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying ERs in digestive system cancers.In this comprehensive review we summarize the current understanding of the intricate roles played by estrogen and ERs in the major types of digestive system cancers,including hepatocellular,pancreatic,esophageal,gastric,and colorectal carcinoma.Furthermore,we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms underlying ERα,ERβ,and GPER effects,and propose perspectives on innovative therapies and preventive measures targeting the pathways regulated by estrogen and ERs.The roles of estrogen and ERs in digestive system cancers are complicated and depend on the cell type and tissue involved.Additionally,deciphering the intricate roles of estrogen,ERs,and the associated signaling pathways may guide the discovery of novel and tailored therapeutic and preventive strategies for digestive system cancers,eventually improving the care and clinical outcomes for the substantial number of individuals worldwide affected by these malignancies.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2020IB029)。
文摘Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case–control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk.Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis.Results After Bonferroni correction,the case–control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population.Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.
基金National Nature Science foundation of China,No.81900755and the Health Commission of Shanghai Municipality,No.20194Yo384.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among digestive tract malignancies,following gastric cancer.Sleep is of great significance for maintaining human health.The incidence of sleep disorders in patients with cancer is approximately twice that observed in the general population.Lack of sleep can prolong hospital stays,increase the likelihood of infection,and increase mortality rates.Therefore,studying the factors related to sleep quality is significant for improving the quality of life of patients with malignant tumors of the digestive tract.AIM To investigate the relationships among sleep quality,disease uncertainty,and psychological resilience in patients undergoing chemotherapy for digestive tract malignancies.METHODS A total of 131 patients with malignant digestive tract tumors who were treated at Hefei BOE Hospital between April 2021 and September 2022 were selected as research participants.Based on their Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores,participants were divided into either the sleep disorder group(PSQI score>7)or the normal sleep group(PSQI score≤7).The clinical data—together with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Adults(MUIS-A)and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)scores—were compared.RESULTS In this study,78(59.54%)patients with digestive tract malignancies developed sleep disorders after chemotherapy.Sleep disorder incidence was higher in patients with colorectal cancer than in those with gastric and esophageal cancers(P<0.05).The total MUIS-A score and those for each item in the sleep disorder group were higher than those in the normal sleep group.The total CD-RISC score and those for each item in the sleep disorder group were lower than those in the normal sleep group(P<0.05).The PSQI scores of patients with malignant digestive tract tumors were positively correlated with the scores for lack of disease information,disease uncertainty,and unpredictability in the MUIS-A and negatively correlated with the scores for tenacity,self-improvement,and optimism in the CD-RISC(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients undergoing chemotherapy for digestive tract malignancies are prone to sleep problems related to disease uncertainty and psychological resilience.Therefore,interventions can be implemented to improve their sleep quality.
基金supported by the project from National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671962)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662019PY034)。
文摘Our previous study has revealed that procyanidin A_(1)(A_(1))and its simulated digestive product(D-A,)can alleviate acrylamide(ACR)-induced intestine cell damage.However,the underlying mechanism remains unknown.In this study,we elucidated the molecular mechanism for and D-A_(1) to alleviate ACR-stimulated IPEC-J2 cell damage.ACR slightly activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling and its target genes,but this activation could not reduce intestine cell damage.A_(1) and D-A_(1) could alleviate ACR-induced cell damage,but the effect was abrogated in cells transiently transfected with Nrf2 small interfering RNA(siRNA).Further investigation confirmed that A_(1) and D-A_(1) interacted with Ketch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keapl),which boosted the stabilization of Nrf2,subsequently promoted the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus,and further increased the expression of antioxidant proteins,thereby inhibiting glutathione(GSH)consumption,maintaining redox balance and eventually alleviating ACR-induced cell damage.Importantly,there was no difference between A_(1) and D-A_(1) treated groups,indicating that A_(1) can tolerate gastrointestinal digestion and may be a potential compound to limit the toxicity of ACR.
文摘Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells.This review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients,including gastroblastoma,hepatoblastoma,and pancreatoblastoma.Gastroblastoma is a biphasic,epitheliomesenchymal tumor,with only sixteen cases reported to date.In addition to the characteristic histology,metastasisassociated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical,although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been described.Hepatoblastoma is exceptionally rare in adults and can show a variety of histologic patterns which may cause diagnostic difficulty.Pancreatoblastoma,primarily a pediatric tumor,displays acinar differentiation and squamoid nests with other lines of differentiation also present,especially neuroendocrine.Diagnostic approaches for these blastomas include a combination of imaging modalities,histopathological examination,and molecular profiling.The treatment generally involves surgical resection,which may be supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in some cases.Prognoses vary with gastroblastoma generally showing favorable outcomes post-surgery whereas hepatoblastoma and pancreatoblastoma often have poorer outcomes,particularly in the setting of metastases.This review highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing these rare adult blastomas as well as the need for ongoing research to better understand their pathogenesis and improve treatment strategies.
文摘Resveratrol(RSV),the primary polyphenol found in grapes,has been revealed to have anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the capacity of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines,including IL-1β,IL-6,IL-1ra and TNFα.Considering the close association between chronic inflammation and cancer development,RSV’s immunomodulatory properties are one way by which the polyphenol may inhibit cancer initiation,proliferation,neovascularization,and migration.Resveratrol influences the generation of microtumor environment which is one of the key factors in cancer progress.In addition to immunomodulation,RSV inhibits cancer development by expressing anti-oxidant effects,causing cell cycle arrest,stimulating the function of certain enzymes,and activating cell signaling pathways.The end outcome is one of the various forms of cell death,including apoptosis,pyroptosis,necroptosis,and more,as it has been observed in vitro.RSV has been shown to act against cancer in practically every organ,while its effects on colon cancer have been documented more frequently.It is remarkable that longer-term clinical studies that may have established the potential for this natural substance to serve as a therapeutic adjuvant to traditional anti-cancer medications were not prompted by the encouraging outcomes seen with cancer cells treated with non-toxic doses of resveratrol.The current review aims to assess the recent findings about the immunological and anti-cancer characteristics of RSV,with a particular emphasis on cancers of the digestive tract,as a challenge for future clinical research that may contribute to the better prognosis of cancer.
文摘Autophagy,a conserved cellular degradation process,is crucial for various cellular processes such as immune responses,inflammation,metabolic and oxidative stress adaptation,cell proliferation,development,and tissue repair and remodeling.Dysregulation of autophagy is suspected in numerous diseases,including cancer,neurodegenerative diseases,digestive disorders,metabolic syndromes,and infectious and inflammatory diseases.If autophagy is disrupted,for example,this can have serious consequences and lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage,as occurs in diseases such as Chron's disease and ulcerative colitis.On the other hand,the influence of autophagy on the development and progression of cancer is not clear.Autophagy can both suppress and promote the progression and metastasis of cancer at various stages.From inflammatory bowel diseases to gastrointestinal cancer,researchers are discovering the intricate role of autophagy in maintaining gut health and its potential as a therapeutic target.Researchers should carefully consider the nature and progression of diseases such as cancer when trying to determine whether inhibiting or stimulating autophagy is likely to be beneficial.Multidisciplinary approaches that combine cutting-edge research with clinical expertise are key to unlocking the full therapeutic potential of autophagy in digestive diseases.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072662Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support,No.2019142+1 种基金Shanghai Three-year Action Plan to Promote Clinical Skills and Clinical Innovation in Municipal Hospitals,No.SHDC2020CR4022the 2021 Shanghai“Rising Stars of Medical Talent”Youth Development Program:Outstanding Youth Medical Talents.
文摘BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological mechanisms.Although the importance and detection methods of glycosylation in digestive system tumors have garnered increasing attention in recent years,bibliometric analysis of this field remains scarce.The present study aims to identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.AIM To find and identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.METHODS We obtained relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and employed VOSviewer 1.6.19 and CiteSpace(version 6.1.R6)to perform bibliometric analysis.RESULTS A total of 2042 documents spanning from 1978 to the present were analyzed,with the research process divided into three phases:the period of obscurity(1978-1990),continuous development period(1991-2006),and the rapid outbreak period(2007-2023).These documents were authored by researchers from 66 countries or regions,with the United States and China leading in terms of publication output.Reis Celso A had the highest number of publications,while Pinho SS was the most cited author.Co-occurrence analysis revealed the most popular keywords in this field are glycosylation,expression,cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Furthermore,the Journal of Proteome Research was the most prolific journal in terms of publications,while the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the most citations.CONCLUSION The bibliometric analysis shows current research focus is primarily on basic research in this field.However,future research should aim to utilize glycosylation as a target for treating tumor patients.
文摘In this editorial,a comment on the article by Díaz-López et al published in the recent issue of the 2024 is provided.We focus on the practical implications critical for providing a correct and complete diagnosis of mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)in the gastrointestinal system.The diagnosis of MiNEN begins with the recognition of neuroendocrine features in one component of a biphasic tumor.The non-neuroendocrine counterpart can be virtually represented by any neoplastic type,even though the most frequent histologies are glandular and squamous.However,qualification of the neuroendocrine component requires histological and immunohistochemical confirmation.Neuroendocrine tumors are characterized by a peculiar architectural organization and bland nuclei with granular“salt and pepper”chromatin.Although neuroendocrine carcinomas have multiple and variable presentations,they typically show a solid or organoid architecture.The histological aspect needs to be confirmed by immunohistochemistry,and a diagnosis is confirmed whenever the expression of keratin and neuroendocrine markers is observed.Once both histopathological and immunohistochemical features of neuroendocrine neoplasms are identified,it is important to consider the three major pitfalls of MiNEN diagnostics:(1)Entrapment of neuroendocrine non-neoplastic cells within the tumor mass;(2)Differential diagnosis with amphicrine neoplasms;and(3)Differential diagnosis of tumors that partially express neuroendocrine markers.According to the current guidelines for diagnosing digestive MiNEN,each component must represent at least 30%of the entire neoplastic mass.Although the high-grade histopathological subtype frequently determines disease prognosis,both components can significantly affect prognosis.Thus,if one of the components,either neuroendocrine or non-neuroendocrine,does not fulfill the volumetric criteria,the guidelines still encourage reporting it.These strict criteria are essential for correctly recognizing and characterizing digestive MiNENs.This task is essential because it has prognostic relevance and substantial potential value for guiding further studies in this field.In the future,systematic analyses should be performed to validate or reconsider the current 30%cutoff value.
基金2023 Anhui Province Clinical Medical Research Transformation Project,No.202304295107020016.
文摘The receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the MET gene plays an important role in various cellular processes such as growth,survival,migration and angiogenesis,and its abnormal activation is closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors.This article reviews the recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of MET-variant digestive tract tumors.In terms of diagnosis,the application of next-generation sequencing technology and liquid biopsy technology makes the detection of MET variants more accurate and efficient,providing a reliable basis for individualized treatment.In terms of treatment,MET inhibitors such as crizotinib and cabotinib have shown good efficacy in clinical trials.In addition,the combination of immunotherapy and MET inhibitors also demonstrated potential synergies,further improving the therapeutic effect.However,the complexity and heterogeneity of drug resistance mechanisms are still one of the difficulties in current research.In the future,it is necessary to further deepen the understanding of the mechanism of MET variation and explore new combination treatment strategies to improve the overall survival rate and quality of life of patients.The diagnosis and treatment of MET-variant digestive tract tumors are moving towards precision and individualization,and have broad application prospects.
