Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Ru-biaceae) is a medicinal herbwidely distributed in northeast Asian countries. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has the effectof 'clearing away heat and toxic mater...Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Ru-biaceae) is a medicinal herbwidely distributed in northeast Asian countries. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has the effectof 'clearing away heat and toxic material, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis'.It is a well known Chinese folk-medicine used for the treatment of appendicitis, sore throat, mumps,acne, sebo-rheic dermatitis and various kinds of tumors, such as tumors of digestive tract,carcinoma of liver. It was reported that the MeOH extract of H. diffusa demonstrated a significantantitumor activity and ursolic acid succeeded in being isolated from the MeOH extract as an activecomponent . Shan BN, et al suggested that the direct aqueous extract of H. diffusa hadimmuno-modulating activity and antitumor activity in vitro through stimulating the immune system tokill or engulf tumor cells. But regarding anti-tumor activity in vivo of water soluble extracts fromH. diffusa, no detail was reported. Therefore, we prepared water soluble extracts (H_1 and H_2)from H. diffusa and evaluated their anti-tumor property in vivo experiments as well as protectiveeffect on chemo-therapeutic damage.展开更多
The whole plant with root ofHedyotis diffusa Willd. （AE） has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-bacterial activities. In our study, we aim to examine the anti-tumor effect of alcoholi...The whole plant with root ofHedyotis diffusa Willd. （AE） has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-bacterial activities. In our study, we aim to examine the anti-tumor effect of alcoholic extract of AE in mice implanted with sarcoma S180 cells （SBT mice）. We also compared the immune system function and the life span of SBT mice with that of control mice. We found that AE displayed a significant inhibitory effect on solid tumor growth, as well as increased the life span. At the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, both tumor weight and volume were decreased significantly. We also measured several immune fimction markers, inlcuding spleen index （SI）, thymus index （TI） and parameters of hematological. We observed no reduce in these markers, indicatine that AE could inhibit tumor ~rowth without affectino immune function in SBT ,nice.展开更多
The extract from Hedyotis diffusae was used to treat tobacco plants infected by TMV before and after incidence. The effect of the changes of some physiological and biochemical indices related with the virus-resistance...The extract from Hedyotis diffusae was used to treat tobacco plants infected by TMV before and after incidence. The effect of the changes of some physiological and biochemical indices related with the virus-resistance in tobacco leaves on tobacco quality ware determined. The resuits showed that H. diffusae extract could remarkably increase the total phenol content in tobacco leaves ,strength the activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase （ PAL） , improve the membrane permeability and tobacco quality. Prevention treatment was better than therapy treatment. In conclusion, H. diffusae extract could induce plants to produce disease resistance and strength tha antiviral capability of tobacco against TMV.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the bioactivities of crude n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of aerial part of Boerhavia diffusa Linn.(B.diffusa) and its phytochemical analysis.Methods: the identification of phylo...Objective:To investigate the bioactivities of crude n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of aerial part of Boerhavia diffusa Linn.(B.diffusa) and its phytochemical analysis.Methods: the identification of phyloconstituents and assay of antioxidant,thrombolytic,cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities were conducted using specific standard in vitro procedures.Results:The results showed that the plant extracts were a rich source of phytoconstituents.Methanol extract showed higher antioxidant,thrombolytic activity and less cytotoxic activity than those of n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of A diffusa.Among the bioactivities,antioxidant activity was the most notable compared to the positive control and thus could be a potential rich source of natural antioxidant.In case of antimicrobial screening,crude extracts of the plant showed remarkable antibacterial activity against tested microorganisms.All the extracts showed significant inhibitory activity against Candida albicuns,at a concentration of 1000 μg/disc.Conclusions:The present findings suggest that,the plant widely available in Bangladesh,could be a prominent source of medicinally important natural compounds.展开更多
Cancer,as one of the major public health problems in the world,dramatically harms human health.In recent years,studies have found that Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae not only plays a huge role in anti-infection but also ha...Cancer,as one of the major public health problems in the world,dramatically harms human health.In recent years,studies have found that Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae not only plays a huge role in anti-infection but also has a strong effect on anti-tumor.Several studies have shown that the components contained in Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae have different levels of antitumor results in multiple pathways.This article summarizes the antitumor elements in Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae,and describes the antitumor mechanism of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.Provide new ideas for further clinical use.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Scutellaria barbata D Don are most commonly used herb pair for cancer treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.This study aimed to evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor eff...OBJECTIVE Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Scutellaria barbata D Don are most commonly used herb pair for cancer treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.This study aimed to evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects and the compatibility mechanisms of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata herb pair.METHODS Hedyotic diffusa extract,Scutellariae Barbatae extract,and herb pair extract were prepared and the component were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.The effects of different concentrations of Hedyotic diffusa extract,Scutellariae Barbatae extract,and herb pair extract were detected using MTS assay.The in vivo antitumor effects were evaluated in Panc28 pancreatic cells bearing nude mice model.The compatibility mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata herb pair were evaluated based on the network pharmacology,using TCMSP,Cytoscape 3.6.1 software,and DAVID 6.8.The anticancer mechanism were further validated in vitro.RESULTS Both the MTS and in vivo results showed that herb pair extract showed more obvious inhibitory effects on cancer cells compared to each individual.A total of 37 active components were selected from Hedyotis diffusa and Sculellaria barbata,33 kinds of active ingredients are involved in their anti-tumor effects.58 cancer-related targets and 66 KEGG pathways were identified.The potential targets for the herb pair might be prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),HSP90,EGFR,72 ku typeⅣcollagenase,PPAR-γ,et al.In vitro validation result showed that compatibility mech⁃anisms was related with HSP90,EGFR related pathways.CONCLUSION The result of the study preliminarily verified the basic anti-tumor pharmacological effects of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata herb pair,and lays a solid foundation for further studies on the anti-tumor mechanism of the herbal pair.展开更多
Distribution of Viola diffusa Ging in Hubei was introduced fi rst,then its biological and ecological characters,introduction and cultivation,and reproduction techniques elaborated. In addition,its gardening applicatio...Distribution of Viola diffusa Ging in Hubei was introduced fi rst,then its biological and ecological characters,introduction and cultivation,and reproduction techniques elaborated. In addition,its gardening application in Wuhan was explored.展开更多
Commelina diffusa Burm. F. is a herbaceous tropical plant with different traditional medicinal uses. Present study is aimed to isolate the bioactive compounds from DCM-Methanol extract of the powdered whole plant of C...Commelina diffusa Burm. F. is a herbaceous tropical plant with different traditional medicinal uses. Present study is aimed to isolate the bioactive compounds from DCM-Methanol extract of the powdered whole plant of Commelina diffusa and to investigate the cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and its twelve vacuum liquid chromatographic fraction (CD1-12). Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) was employed to isolate bioactive metabolites. The physicochemical properties of the isolated compound were examined and the molecular structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy.?Cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant activities were evaluated following brine shrimp lethality bioassay, disc diffusion method and DPPH free radical scavenging assay respectively. The isolated compound was identified as steroid (stigmasterol) which had significant cytotoxic effect on vero cell line. The crude extract and its fractions (CD8-CD12) exhibited strong cytotoxicity in brine shrimp lethality bioassay having LC50 values 3.79, 9.19, 29.49, 16.60, 19.36, 44.58 μg/mL respectively. The crude extract showed mild to strong antibacterial activity. Fractions (CD5-CD12) showed mild to strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in comparison with Kanamycin (standard). Strong antioxidant activities were found in crude extract (IC50 value 30.52 μg/ml), CD11 (IC50 value 39.27 μg/ml) and CD12 (IC50 value 19.50 μg/ml). The study suggests Commelina diffusa plant extract to have strong antioxidant and cytotoxic activity which is indicative of presence of compounds with broad spectrum of curative applications. One compound namely stigmasterol has been isolated from the plant.展开更多
[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the effect of polysaccharides from Hedyotis diffusa on the immune cells of the intestinal mucosa of chicks.[Methods]Total 200 seven-day-old AA chicks were evenly and randoml...[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the effect of polysaccharides from Hedyotis diffusa on the immune cells of the intestinal mucosa of chicks.[Methods]Total 200 seven-day-old AA chicks were evenly and randomly divided into four groups:control group and three treatment groups.The chicks in the control group(group I)were fed basal diet,and those in the treatment groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.4(group II),0.8(group III)and 1.2(group IV)g/kg H.diffusa polysaccharides(OPS),respectively.At the age of 14,28 and 42 d,10 chicks from each of the groups were sacrificed,respectively for counting of intraepithelial lymphocytes(IELs)and lamina propria secretory IgA(SIgA)positive cells in small intestinal mucosa.[Results]At the age of 14 d,the duodenal and jejunal IEL and SIgA positive cell counts in groups II,III and IV were significantly greater than those in group I(P<0.05).At the age of 28 d,the jejunal IEL count of group IV was significantly lower than those of groups I,II and III(P<0.05);and there was no significant difference in IEL or SIgA positive cell count between group I and the other groups(P>0.05).At the age of 42 d,the duodenal and jejunal IEL counts in group II were significantly greater than those in groups I,III and IV(P<0.05),while the differences in duodenal and jejunal IEL count between groups III,IV and I were insignificant(P>0.05).The duodenal SIgA positive cell counts in the treatment groups were insignificantly different from that in group I(P>0.05).The jejunal SIgA positive cell count in group II was significantly greater than those in groups I,III and IV(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in jejunal SIgA positive cell count between groups III and IV and group I(P>0.05).[Conclusions]OPS at 0.4 g/kg can promote the proliferation of immune cells in the small intestine mucosa of 14-42-day-old AA chicks,and it is recommended to be added to the feed.展开更多
In order to explore the application effect of Oldenlandia polysaccharides(OPS)in the production of AA broilers,2007-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ,each including ...In order to explore the application effect of Oldenlandia polysaccharides(OPS)in the production of AA broilers,2007-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ,each including 50 chicks.The control group(group Ⅰ)was fed with basal diet;and the 3 experimental groups were fed based on the basal diet with the addition of OPS at 0.4 g/kg(group Ⅱ),0.8 g/kg(group Ⅲ),and 1.2 g/kg(group Ⅳ)feed for 1 week,respectively,and then fed the basal diet for 4 weeks.At the ages of 14,28,and 42 d,10 chickens were put into death in the control group and the experimental groups,respectively,and the duodenum and jejunum tissue samples were collected for the analysis of the effects of OPS on the structures of chick intestines.The results showed that at the age of 14 d,the villus lengths of duodenum and jejunum in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were significantly greater than those in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and the ratios of duodenal or jejunal villus length to crypt depth in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly greater than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05);at the age of 28 d,the villus length of duodenum in group Ⅱ was significantly greater than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05);and at the age of 42 d,the ratios of jejunual villus length to crypt depth in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly larger than those of group I(P<0.05).It showed that OPS could promote the small intestine development of AA broilers aged 14 to 42 d.展开更多
An effective and consistent <i>in vitro</i> propagation technique for <i>Boerhaavia diffusa</i><b> </b>L.<b> </b>was developed using different types of explants and medi...An effective and consistent <i>in vitro</i> propagation technique for <i>Boerhaavia diffusa</i><b> </b>L.<b> </b>was developed using different types of explants and media compositions. Shoot apex and nodal explants of field grown plants were aseptically cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of auxins (IAA and NAA) and cytokinins (BAP and Kn). The maximum number of multiple shoot buds (6.65 ± 0.09) obtain</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">ed</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> from nodal explants on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA. Multiple shoot buds underwent rapid elongation (4.24 ± 0.06 cm) on MS media fortified with 3.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Half strength MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA + 0.5 mg/l IAA was better for induction and proliferation (6.42 ± 0.07) of roots and 75% of plantlets were successfully acclimatized to <i>ex vitro</i> condition, exhibiting a normal development. Somatic chromosome number of <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> grown plant</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> w</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">ere</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> confirmed to be 2n = 26. Chromosome length ranged from 1.40 to 2.43 μm in the mother plants and 1.34 to 2.31 μm for <i>in vitro</i> grown plant</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">. The total form percent (TF%) of mother and <i>in vitro</i> grown plant</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> was 42.91% and 41.16%, respectively. The karyotype formula of <i>in vivo</i> grown plants was 2n = 26 = 4L<sup>sm</sup> + 6M<sup>sm</sup> + 2M<sup>m</sup> + 14S<sup>m</sup>, whereas that of the <i>in vitro</i> grown plants was 2n = 26 = 8L<sup>sm</sup> + 4M<sup>sm</sup> + 2M<sup>m</sup> + 12S<sup>m</sup>. The frequency of the chromosome having arm more than 2:1 was 0.08 for <i>in vivo</i> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">grown </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">plants and 0.15 for <i>in vitro</i> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">raised </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">plants. Thus, according to Stebbins classification (1971) the karyotype of both plants falls into 2A symmetrical type.展开更多
Boerhavia diffusa （B. diffusa）, also known as Punarnava, is an indigenous plant in India and an important component in traditional Indian medicine. The accurate identification and collection of this medicinal herb i...Boerhavia diffusa （B. diffusa）, also known as Punarnava, is an indigenous plant in India and an important component in traditional Indian medicine. The accurate identification and collection of this medicinal herb is vital to enhance the drug＇s efficacy and biosafety. In this study, a DNA barcoding technique has been applied to identify and distinguish B. diffusa from its closely-related species. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out for the four species of Boerhavia using barcode candidates including nuclear ribosomal DNA regions ITS, ITS1, ITS2 and the chloroplast plastid gene psbA-trnH. Sequence alignment revealed 26% polymorphic sites in ITS, 30% in ITS1, 16% in ITS2 and 6% in psbA-trnH, respectively. Additionally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed for 15 species using ITS sequences which clearly distinguished B. diffusa from the other species. The ITS1 demonstrates a higher transition/transversion ratio, percentage of variation and pairwise distance which differentiate B. diffusa from other species of Boerhavia. Our study revealed that 1TS and ITS1 could be used as potential candidate regions for identifying B. diffusa and for authenticating its herbal products.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the apoptosis and cycle arrest effects of Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids on human gastric cancer cells,determine the action mechanisms in association with the mitochondrial dependent signal trans...Objective:To evaluate the apoptosis and cycle arrest effects of Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids on human gastric cancer cells,determine the action mechanisms in association with the mitochondrial dependent signal transduction pathway that controls production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and evaluate the pharmacodynamics of a mouse xenotransplantation model to provide a reference for the use of flavonoids in prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.Methods:Flavonoids were extracted by an enzymatic-ultrasonic assisted method and purified with D-101 resin.Bioactive components were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography.Cell lines MKN-45,AGS,and GES-1 were treated with different concentrations of flavonoids(64,96,128,and 160μg/mL).The effect of flavonoids on cell viability was evaluated by MTT method,and cell nuclear morphology was observed by Hoechst staining.The apoptosis rate and cell cycle phases were measured by flow cytometry,the production of ROS was detected by laser confocal microscope,the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)were observed by fluorescence microscope,and the expression of apoptotic proteins related to activation of mitochondrial pathway were measured by immunoblotting.MKN-45cells were transplanted into BALB/c nude mice to establish a xenograft tumor model.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to reveal the subcutaneous tumor tissue.The tumor volume and tumor weight were measured,the expression levels of proliferation markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and Ki-67were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression levels of CA72-4 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids inhibited proliferation of MKN-45 and AGS human gastric cancer cells,arrested the cell cycle in G1/S phase,induced accumulation of ROS in the process of apoptosis,and altered MMP.In addition,flavonoids increased Apaf-1,Cleaved-Caspase-3,and Bax,and decreased Cyclin A,Cdk2,Bcl-2,Pro-Caspase-9,and Mitochondrial Cytochrome C(P<0.05).The MKN-45 cell mouse xenotransplantation model further clarified the growth inhibitory effect of flavonoids towards tumors.The expression levels of PCNA and Ki-67 decreased in each flavonoid dose group,the expression level of CA72-4 decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Flavonoids derived from Oldenlandia diffusa can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial controlled signal transduction pathway.展开更多
The β-sitosterol imprinted polymer was prepared for selective extraction and analysis of β-sitosterol from Old-enlandia diffusa （0. diffusa） followed by HPLC with UV detection. The imprinted polymers show high aff...The β-sitosterol imprinted polymer was prepared for selective extraction and analysis of β-sitosterol from Old-enlandia diffusa （0. diffusa） followed by HPLC with UV detection. The imprinted polymers show high affinity and selectivity to β-sitosterol. Using this molecularly imprinted polymer （MIP） cartridge as solid-phase extraction （SPE） material, the interferences could be quickly washed out and β-sitosterol was selectively retained and enriched. HPLC analysis method was used to evaluate the characteristics of this MIP material. At the condition of mobile phase composed of MeOH/H20/H3PO4 （99/1/0.1, V/V/V, pH=6.0） and the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min -1, a good linear relationship was demonstrated when the concentrations of β-sitosterol were in the range of 0.50--100.0 μg·mL-1. The recoveries ranged from 75.3% to 86.5% and the inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were less than 5%. This developed HPLC method was proved to be acceptable for extraction offl-sitosterol from O. diffusa.展开更多
The Hedyotis diffusa Willd herbal compounds(HDWHCs)are commonly used as Chinese medicine to treat cancer patients with established clinical therapeutic efficacy in China.However,the underlying mechanisms remain to be ...The Hedyotis diffusa Willd herbal compounds(HDWHCs)are commonly used as Chinese medicine to treat cancer patients with established clinical therapeutic efficacy in China.However,the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.In this study,we used freeze-dried powder of the water extracts of HDWHCs to investigate the potential mechanisms of HDWHCs in cancer treatment.HDWHCs treatment significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)mRNA levels and VEGF transcriptional activation in cancer cells.HDWHCs also had a remarkable inhibitory effect on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha(HIF-1alpha).Forced expression of HIF-1αrestored VEGF transcriptional activation inhibited by HDWHCs,indicating that HDWHCs suppressed VEGF expression through decreasing HIF-1alpha expression.Moreover,HDWHCs inhibited cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression,and overexpression of HIF-1alpha restored HDWHCs’inhibitory effect on COX-2 at transcriptional level.These findings may provide better understanding of HDWHCs’anti-cancer mechanism in cancer treatment.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the anti-invasion efficacy of the ethanol extract of Oldenlandia diffusa Will.(EEOD) on a three-dimensional(3D) human malignant glioma(MG) cell invasion and perfusion model based on microfluid...Objective:To investigate the anti-invasion efficacy of the ethanol extract of Oldenlandia diffusa Will.(EEOD) on a three-dimensional(3D) human malignant glioma(MG) cell invasion and perfusion model based on microfluidic chip culture and the possible mechanism of action of Oldenlandia diffusa Will.(OD).Methods:The comprehensive pharmacodynamic analysis method in this study was based on microfluidic chip 3D cell perfusion culture technology,and the action mechanism of Chinese medicine(CM) on human MG cells was investigated through network pharmacology analysis.First,the components of EEOD were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS).Then,cell viability and apoptosis were assessed to determine the optimum concentration of EEOD for invasion experiments,and two-dimensional(2D) migration and invasion abilities of U87 and U251 MG cells were evaluated using scratch wound and Transwell assays.The possible mechanism underlying the effects of EEOD on glioma was analyzed through a network pharmacology approach.Results:Thirty-five compounds of EEOD were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.EEOD suppressed the viability of MG cells,promoted their apoptosis,and inhibited their migratory and invasive potentials(all P<0.05).Network pharmacology analysis showed that OD inhibited the invasion of MG cells by directly regulating MAPK and Wnt pathways through MAPK,EGFR,MYC,GSK3B,and other targets.The anti-invasion effect of OD was also found to be related to the indirect regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization.Conclusion:EEOD could inhibit the invasion of human MG cells,and the anti-invasion mechanism of OD might be regulating MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways and microtubule cytoskeleton organization.展开更多
Background:Abnormal proliferation of T cells plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).The pharmaceutical effect of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd(HDW)on SLE has been investigated previo...Background:Abnormal proliferation of T cells plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).The pharmaceutical effect of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd(HDW)on SLE has been investigated previously.Nevertheless,the biomedical mechanism is still left unclear.Objective:This study has been arranged to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of HDW(EAHDW)on lupus mice and explore the potential therapeutic mechanism.Methods:EAHDW was prepared with 80%ethanol reflex extraction followed by successive extraction,and ana-lyzed with HPLC and UPLC-Q/TOP-MS.The potential targets and STAT3 affinity regulators were predicted with network pharmacology.The pharmaceutic effect of EAHDW was studied with MRL/lpr mice.Cytokines and au-toantibodies were quantified with ELISA assays.The pathological damage of glomerulus and STAT3 expression in the kidney was detected with histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.The cell cycle properties in cell proliferation were identified with the flow cytometry.The western blot and dual-Luciferase reporter assay were applied to evaluate translational and transcriptional activity of STAT3,respectively.Results:In this study,the extraction ratio of EAHDW was 2.7±1%,in which 19 ingredients were identified.Network pharmacological analysis showed that the target genes of EAHDW were highly focused on influencing the abnormal T cell proliferation in SLE.EAHDW showed the beneficial effects on pathological changes and STAT3 expression in the glomerulus of lupus mice,and the levels of cytokines and autoantibodies in serum.In cytological study,EAHDW treatment attenuated the transcription and phosphorylation of STAT3,which inhibited T cell proliferation by prolonged S-phase of the cell cycle.A total of 5 compounds in EAHDW exhibited high docking affinity to the DNA-binding site of STAT3.Conclusion:EAHDW could reduce the inflammatory response and inhibit the proliferation of T cells by interfering with the STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby playing a therapeutic effect on SLE.展开更多
文摘Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Ru-biaceae) is a medicinal herbwidely distributed in northeast Asian countries. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has the effectof 'clearing away heat and toxic material, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis'.It is a well known Chinese folk-medicine used for the treatment of appendicitis, sore throat, mumps,acne, sebo-rheic dermatitis and various kinds of tumors, such as tumors of digestive tract,carcinoma of liver. It was reported that the MeOH extract of H. diffusa demonstrated a significantantitumor activity and ursolic acid succeeded in being isolated from the MeOH extract as an activecomponent . Shan BN, et al suggested that the direct aqueous extract of H. diffusa hadimmuno-modulating activity and antitumor activity in vitro through stimulating the immune system tokill or engulf tumor cells. But regarding anti-tumor activity in vivo of water soluble extracts fromH. diffusa, no detail was reported. Therefore, we prepared water soluble extracts (H_1 and H_2)from H. diffusa and evaluated their anti-tumor property in vivo experiments as well as protectiveeffect on chemo-therapeutic damage.
文摘The whole plant with root ofHedyotis diffusa Willd. （AE） has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-bacterial activities. In our study, we aim to examine the anti-tumor effect of alcoholic extract of AE in mice implanted with sarcoma S180 cells （SBT mice）. We also compared the immune system function and the life span of SBT mice with that of control mice. We found that AE displayed a significant inhibitory effect on solid tumor growth, as well as increased the life span. At the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, both tumor weight and volume were decreased significantly. We also measured several immune fimction markers, inlcuding spleen index （SI）, thymus index （TI） and parameters of hematological. We observed no reduce in these markers, indicatine that AE could inhibit tumor ~rowth without affectino immune function in SBT ,nice.
基金Supported by Yunnan Pu'er Tobacco Company Project~~
文摘The extract from Hedyotis diffusae was used to treat tobacco plants infected by TMV before and after incidence. The effect of the changes of some physiological and biochemical indices related with the virus-resistance in tobacco leaves on tobacco quality ware determined. The resuits showed that H. diffusae extract could remarkably increase the total phenol content in tobacco leaves ,strength the activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase （ PAL） , improve the membrane permeability and tobacco quality. Prevention treatment was better than therapy treatment. In conclusion, H. diffusae extract could induce plants to produce disease resistance and strength tha antiviral capability of tobacco against TMV.
文摘Objective:To investigate the bioactivities of crude n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of aerial part of Boerhavia diffusa Linn.(B.diffusa) and its phytochemical analysis.Methods: the identification of phyloconstituents and assay of antioxidant,thrombolytic,cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities were conducted using specific standard in vitro procedures.Results:The results showed that the plant extracts were a rich source of phytoconstituents.Methanol extract showed higher antioxidant,thrombolytic activity and less cytotoxic activity than those of n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of A diffusa.Among the bioactivities,antioxidant activity was the most notable compared to the positive control and thus could be a potential rich source of natural antioxidant.In case of antimicrobial screening,crude extracts of the plant showed remarkable antibacterial activity against tested microorganisms.All the extracts showed significant inhibitory activity against Candida albicuns,at a concentration of 1000 μg/disc.Conclusions:The present findings suggest that,the plant widely available in Bangladesh,could be a prominent source of medicinally important natural compounds.
文摘Cancer,as one of the major public health problems in the world,dramatically harms human health.In recent years,studies have found that Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae not only plays a huge role in anti-infection but also has a strong effect on anti-tumor.Several studies have shown that the components contained in Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae have different levels of antitumor results in multiple pathways.This article summarizes the antitumor elements in Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae,and describes the antitumor mechanism of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.Provide new ideas for further clinical use.
文摘OBJECTIVE Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Scutellaria barbata D Don are most commonly used herb pair for cancer treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.This study aimed to evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects and the compatibility mechanisms of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata herb pair.METHODS Hedyotic diffusa extract,Scutellariae Barbatae extract,and herb pair extract were prepared and the component were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.The effects of different concentrations of Hedyotic diffusa extract,Scutellariae Barbatae extract,and herb pair extract were detected using MTS assay.The in vivo antitumor effects were evaluated in Panc28 pancreatic cells bearing nude mice model.The compatibility mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata herb pair were evaluated based on the network pharmacology,using TCMSP,Cytoscape 3.6.1 software,and DAVID 6.8.The anticancer mechanism were further validated in vitro.RESULTS Both the MTS and in vivo results showed that herb pair extract showed more obvious inhibitory effects on cancer cells compared to each individual.A total of 37 active components were selected from Hedyotis diffusa and Sculellaria barbata,33 kinds of active ingredients are involved in their anti-tumor effects.58 cancer-related targets and 66 KEGG pathways were identified.The potential targets for the herb pair might be prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),HSP90,EGFR,72 ku typeⅣcollagenase,PPAR-γ,et al.In vitro validation result showed that compatibility mech⁃anisms was related with HSP90,EGFR related pathways.CONCLUSION The result of the study preliminarily verified the basic anti-tumor pharmacological effects of Hedyotis diffusa-Sculellaria barbata herb pair,and lays a solid foundation for further studies on the anti-tumor mechanism of the herbal pair.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Program of Wuhan Bureau of Landscape Architecture,"Germplasm Resources Collection of Wild Herbaceous Flowers in Hubei"(2011NO67)
文摘Distribution of Viola diffusa Ging in Hubei was introduced fi rst,then its biological and ecological characters,introduction and cultivation,and reproduction techniques elaborated. In addition,its gardening application in Wuhan was explored.
文摘Commelina diffusa Burm. F. is a herbaceous tropical plant with different traditional medicinal uses. Present study is aimed to isolate the bioactive compounds from DCM-Methanol extract of the powdered whole plant of Commelina diffusa and to investigate the cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and its twelve vacuum liquid chromatographic fraction (CD1-12). Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) was employed to isolate bioactive metabolites. The physicochemical properties of the isolated compound were examined and the molecular structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy.?Cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant activities were evaluated following brine shrimp lethality bioassay, disc diffusion method and DPPH free radical scavenging assay respectively. The isolated compound was identified as steroid (stigmasterol) which had significant cytotoxic effect on vero cell line. The crude extract and its fractions (CD8-CD12) exhibited strong cytotoxicity in brine shrimp lethality bioassay having LC50 values 3.79, 9.19, 29.49, 16.60, 19.36, 44.58 μg/mL respectively. The crude extract showed mild to strong antibacterial activity. Fractions (CD5-CD12) showed mild to strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in comparison with Kanamycin (standard). Strong antioxidant activities were found in crude extract (IC50 value 30.52 μg/ml), CD11 (IC50 value 39.27 μg/ml) and CD12 (IC50 value 19.50 μg/ml). The study suggests Commelina diffusa plant extract to have strong antioxidant and cytotoxic activity which is indicative of presence of compounds with broad spectrum of curative applications. One compound namely stigmasterol has been isolated from the plant.
文摘[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the effect of polysaccharides from Hedyotis diffusa on the immune cells of the intestinal mucosa of chicks.[Methods]Total 200 seven-day-old AA chicks were evenly and randomly divided into four groups:control group and three treatment groups.The chicks in the control group(group I)were fed basal diet,and those in the treatment groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.4(group II),0.8(group III)and 1.2(group IV)g/kg H.diffusa polysaccharides(OPS),respectively.At the age of 14,28 and 42 d,10 chicks from each of the groups were sacrificed,respectively for counting of intraepithelial lymphocytes(IELs)and lamina propria secretory IgA(SIgA)positive cells in small intestinal mucosa.[Results]At the age of 14 d,the duodenal and jejunal IEL and SIgA positive cell counts in groups II,III and IV were significantly greater than those in group I(P<0.05).At the age of 28 d,the jejunal IEL count of group IV was significantly lower than those of groups I,II and III(P<0.05);and there was no significant difference in IEL or SIgA positive cell count between group I and the other groups(P>0.05).At the age of 42 d,the duodenal and jejunal IEL counts in group II were significantly greater than those in groups I,III and IV(P<0.05),while the differences in duodenal and jejunal IEL count between groups III,IV and I were insignificant(P>0.05).The duodenal SIgA positive cell counts in the treatment groups were insignificantly different from that in group I(P>0.05).The jejunal SIgA positive cell count in group II was significantly greater than those in groups I,III and IV(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in jejunal SIgA positive cell count between groups III and IV and group I(P>0.05).[Conclusions]OPS at 0.4 g/kg can promote the proliferation of immune cells in the small intestine mucosa of 14-42-day-old AA chicks,and it is recommended to be added to the feed.
文摘In order to explore the application effect of Oldenlandia polysaccharides(OPS)in the production of AA broilers,2007-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ,each including 50 chicks.The control group(group Ⅰ)was fed with basal diet;and the 3 experimental groups were fed based on the basal diet with the addition of OPS at 0.4 g/kg(group Ⅱ),0.8 g/kg(group Ⅲ),and 1.2 g/kg(group Ⅳ)feed for 1 week,respectively,and then fed the basal diet for 4 weeks.At the ages of 14,28,and 42 d,10 chickens were put into death in the control group and the experimental groups,respectively,and the duodenum and jejunum tissue samples were collected for the analysis of the effects of OPS on the structures of chick intestines.The results showed that at the age of 14 d,the villus lengths of duodenum and jejunum in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were significantly greater than those in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and the ratios of duodenal or jejunal villus length to crypt depth in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly greater than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05);at the age of 28 d,the villus length of duodenum in group Ⅱ was significantly greater than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05);and at the age of 42 d,the ratios of jejunual villus length to crypt depth in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly larger than those of group I(P<0.05).It showed that OPS could promote the small intestine development of AA broilers aged 14 to 42 d.
文摘An effective and consistent <i>in vitro</i> propagation technique for <i>Boerhaavia diffusa</i><b> </b>L.<b> </b>was developed using different types of explants and media compositions. Shoot apex and nodal explants of field grown plants were aseptically cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of auxins (IAA and NAA) and cytokinins (BAP and Kn). The maximum number of multiple shoot buds (6.65 ± 0.09) obtain</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">ed</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> from nodal explants on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA. Multiple shoot buds underwent rapid elongation (4.24 ± 0.06 cm) on MS media fortified with 3.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Half strength MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA + 0.5 mg/l IAA was better for induction and proliferation (6.42 ± 0.07) of roots and 75% of plantlets were successfully acclimatized to <i>ex vitro</i> condition, exhibiting a normal development. Somatic chromosome number of <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> grown plant</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> w</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">ere</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> confirmed to be 2n = 26. Chromosome length ranged from 1.40 to 2.43 μm in the mother plants and 1.34 to 2.31 μm for <i>in vitro</i> grown plant</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">. The total form percent (TF%) of mother and <i>in vitro</i> grown plant</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> was 42.91% and 41.16%, respectively. The karyotype formula of <i>in vivo</i> grown plants was 2n = 26 = 4L<sup>sm</sup> + 6M<sup>sm</sup> + 2M<sup>m</sup> + 14S<sup>m</sup>, whereas that of the <i>in vitro</i> grown plants was 2n = 26 = 8L<sup>sm</sup> + 4M<sup>sm</sup> + 2M<sup>m</sup> + 12S<sup>m</sup>. The frequency of the chromosome having arm more than 2:1 was 0.08 for <i>in vivo</i> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">grown </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">plants and 0.15 for <i>in vitro</i> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">raised </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">plants. Thus, according to Stebbins classification (1971) the karyotype of both plants falls into 2A symmetrical type.
基金the financial support from UGC (Grant No. 34-272/2008(SR))
文摘Boerhavia diffusa （B. diffusa）, also known as Punarnava, is an indigenous plant in India and an important component in traditional Indian medicine. The accurate identification and collection of this medicinal herb is vital to enhance the drug＇s efficacy and biosafety. In this study, a DNA barcoding technique has been applied to identify and distinguish B. diffusa from its closely-related species. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out for the four species of Boerhavia using barcode candidates including nuclear ribosomal DNA regions ITS, ITS1, ITS2 and the chloroplast plastid gene psbA-trnH. Sequence alignment revealed 26% polymorphic sites in ITS, 30% in ITS1, 16% in ITS2 and 6% in psbA-trnH, respectively. Additionally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed for 15 species using ITS sequences which clearly distinguished B. diffusa from the other species. The ITS1 demonstrates a higher transition/transversion ratio, percentage of variation and pairwise distance which differentiate B. diffusa from other species of Boerhavia. Our study revealed that 1TS and ITS1 could be used as potential candidate regions for identifying B. diffusa and for authenticating its herbal products.
基金Supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(No.21YF5FA131)the Innovation Fund of Gansu Universities(No.2021A-084)the Graduate Innovation Fund of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine(No.2021CX49)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the apoptosis and cycle arrest effects of Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids on human gastric cancer cells,determine the action mechanisms in association with the mitochondrial dependent signal transduction pathway that controls production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and evaluate the pharmacodynamics of a mouse xenotransplantation model to provide a reference for the use of flavonoids in prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.Methods:Flavonoids were extracted by an enzymatic-ultrasonic assisted method and purified with D-101 resin.Bioactive components were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography.Cell lines MKN-45,AGS,and GES-1 were treated with different concentrations of flavonoids(64,96,128,and 160μg/mL).The effect of flavonoids on cell viability was evaluated by MTT method,and cell nuclear morphology was observed by Hoechst staining.The apoptosis rate and cell cycle phases were measured by flow cytometry,the production of ROS was detected by laser confocal microscope,the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)were observed by fluorescence microscope,and the expression of apoptotic proteins related to activation of mitochondrial pathway were measured by immunoblotting.MKN-45cells were transplanted into BALB/c nude mice to establish a xenograft tumor model.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to reveal the subcutaneous tumor tissue.The tumor volume and tumor weight were measured,the expression levels of proliferation markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and Ki-67were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression levels of CA72-4 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids inhibited proliferation of MKN-45 and AGS human gastric cancer cells,arrested the cell cycle in G1/S phase,induced accumulation of ROS in the process of apoptosis,and altered MMP.In addition,flavonoids increased Apaf-1,Cleaved-Caspase-3,and Bax,and decreased Cyclin A,Cdk2,Bcl-2,Pro-Caspase-9,and Mitochondrial Cytochrome C(P<0.05).The MKN-45 cell mouse xenotransplantation model further clarified the growth inhibitory effect of flavonoids towards tumors.The expression levels of PCNA and Ki-67 decreased in each flavonoid dose group,the expression level of CA72-4 decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Flavonoids derived from Oldenlandia diffusa can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial controlled signal transduction pathway.
文摘The β-sitosterol imprinted polymer was prepared for selective extraction and analysis of β-sitosterol from Old-enlandia diffusa （0. diffusa） followed by HPLC with UV detection. The imprinted polymers show high affinity and selectivity to β-sitosterol. Using this molecularly imprinted polymer （MIP） cartridge as solid-phase extraction （SPE） material, the interferences could be quickly washed out and β-sitosterol was selectively retained and enriched. HPLC analysis method was used to evaluate the characteristics of this MIP material. At the condition of mobile phase composed of MeOH/H20/H3PO4 （99/1/0.1, V/V/V, pH=6.0） and the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min -1, a good linear relationship was demonstrated when the concentrations of β-sitosterol were in the range of 0.50--100.0 μg·mL-1. The recoveries ranged from 75.3% to 86.5% and the inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were less than 5%. This developed HPLC method was proved to be acceptable for extraction offl-sitosterol from O. diffusa.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30470361,30570962,and 30871296)from Nanjing Medical University(No.08NMUM007).
文摘The Hedyotis diffusa Willd herbal compounds(HDWHCs)are commonly used as Chinese medicine to treat cancer patients with established clinical therapeutic efficacy in China.However,the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.In this study,we used freeze-dried powder of the water extracts of HDWHCs to investigate the potential mechanisms of HDWHCs in cancer treatment.HDWHCs treatment significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)mRNA levels and VEGF transcriptional activation in cancer cells.HDWHCs also had a remarkable inhibitory effect on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha(HIF-1alpha).Forced expression of HIF-1αrestored VEGF transcriptional activation inhibited by HDWHCs,indicating that HDWHCs suppressed VEGF expression through decreasing HIF-1alpha expression.Moreover,HDWHCs inhibited cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression,and overexpression of HIF-1alpha restored HDWHCs’inhibitory effect on COX-2 at transcriptional level.These findings may provide better understanding of HDWHCs’anti-cancer mechanism in cancer treatment.
基金Supported by the National TCM Characteristic Technology Inheritance Talent Training Program (No. J20194828003).
文摘Objective:To investigate the anti-invasion efficacy of the ethanol extract of Oldenlandia diffusa Will.(EEOD) on a three-dimensional(3D) human malignant glioma(MG) cell invasion and perfusion model based on microfluidic chip culture and the possible mechanism of action of Oldenlandia diffusa Will.(OD).Methods:The comprehensive pharmacodynamic analysis method in this study was based on microfluidic chip 3D cell perfusion culture technology,and the action mechanism of Chinese medicine(CM) on human MG cells was investigated through network pharmacology analysis.First,the components of EEOD were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS).Then,cell viability and apoptosis were assessed to determine the optimum concentration of EEOD for invasion experiments,and two-dimensional(2D) migration and invasion abilities of U87 and U251 MG cells were evaluated using scratch wound and Transwell assays.The possible mechanism underlying the effects of EEOD on glioma was analyzed through a network pharmacology approach.Results:Thirty-five compounds of EEOD were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.EEOD suppressed the viability of MG cells,promoted their apoptosis,and inhibited their migratory and invasive potentials(all P<0.05).Network pharmacology analysis showed that OD inhibited the invasion of MG cells by directly regulating MAPK and Wnt pathways through MAPK,EGFR,MYC,GSK3B,and other targets.The anti-invasion effect of OD was also found to be related to the indirect regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization.Conclusion:EEOD could inhibit the invasion of human MG cells,and the anti-invasion mechanism of OD might be regulating MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways and microtubule cytoskeleton organization.
文摘Background:Abnormal proliferation of T cells plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).The pharmaceutical effect of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd(HDW)on SLE has been investigated previously.Nevertheless,the biomedical mechanism is still left unclear.Objective:This study has been arranged to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of HDW(EAHDW)on lupus mice and explore the potential therapeutic mechanism.Methods:EAHDW was prepared with 80%ethanol reflex extraction followed by successive extraction,and ana-lyzed with HPLC and UPLC-Q/TOP-MS.The potential targets and STAT3 affinity regulators were predicted with network pharmacology.The pharmaceutic effect of EAHDW was studied with MRL/lpr mice.Cytokines and au-toantibodies were quantified with ELISA assays.The pathological damage of glomerulus and STAT3 expression in the kidney was detected with histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.The cell cycle properties in cell proliferation were identified with the flow cytometry.The western blot and dual-Luciferase reporter assay were applied to evaluate translational and transcriptional activity of STAT3,respectively.Results:In this study,the extraction ratio of EAHDW was 2.7±1%,in which 19 ingredients were identified.Network pharmacological analysis showed that the target genes of EAHDW were highly focused on influencing the abnormal T cell proliferation in SLE.EAHDW showed the beneficial effects on pathological changes and STAT3 expression in the glomerulus of lupus mice,and the levels of cytokines and autoantibodies in serum.In cytological study,EAHDW treatment attenuated the transcription and phosphorylation of STAT3,which inhibited T cell proliferation by prolonged S-phase of the cell cycle.A total of 5 compounds in EAHDW exhibited high docking affinity to the DNA-binding site of STAT3.Conclusion:EAHDW could reduce the inflammatory response and inhibit the proliferation of T cells by interfering with the STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby playing a therapeutic effect on SLE.
