The effect of consumption of water resources oneconomic growth is considered from the aspects of waterconsumption and structure.The magnitude of damping of waterresources on the economic growth of five provinces in No...The effect of consumption of water resources oneconomic growth is considered from the aspects of waterconsumption and structure.The magnitude of damping of waterresources on the economic growth of five provinces in NorthwestChina is measured by using the improved C-D productionfunction and the Romer damping analysis model from the aspectof the third industry,and the coefficient of structural deviation isused to measure the dynamic changes of consumption structure ofwater resources and industrial structure.From the consumptionof water resources,the output elasticity of capital and technologyof the third industry of five provinces in Northwest Chinaisgreater than that oflabor and water resources,indicating that theeconomic development in the northwestern areas is stronglydependent on thecapital and technology.And there are more areas with growth damping for the second industry,which means the second industry is more dependent on water resources.From the perspective of structure of water consumption,the allocation of water resources basically reaches the optimal efficiency between the second and third industries,but the distribution between the first and second and that between the first and third industries are uneven.The structural changes in waterconsumption lags behind those in industrial structure,and the consumption structure of water resources and industrial structure are not coordinated.Based on these results,some policy proposals are put forward as follows:increase of water use efficiency in various areas,decrease of water consumption,improvement of water use structure,and promotion of water resources towards the second and third industries.展开更多
Foam diversion acidizing can effectively solve the problem of acid distribution with severe heterogeneity between and within layers.Based on the foam diversion principle,the gas trap theory,and volume conservation pri...Foam diversion acidizing can effectively solve the problem of acid distribution with severe heterogeneity between and within layers.Based on the foam diversion principle,the gas trap theory,and volume conservation principle,the foam slug diversion acidizing model was established and solved considering the change of bottomhole temperature and deviation factor of foam.The simulation results show that the change of temperature has a great influence on the diversion effect at the initial stage of injection,but a small influence at the middle and late stage.The effect of temperature on the highly permeable layer is greater than that of temperature on the low permeability layer.The deviation factor of foam is mainly controlled by temperature at the initial stage,and by pressure at the middle and late stage,and the whole process shows a downward trend,which has little influence on the diversion effect.The quasi-skin factor of gas trap is the most important parameter that influences the effect of foam diversion.The water saturation of the low permeability layer rises faster than that of the high permeability layer,and the effect of diversion is obvious.The research results have a strong guiding significance for foam diversion acidizing.展开更多
文摘The effect of consumption of water resources oneconomic growth is considered from the aspects of waterconsumption and structure.The magnitude of damping of waterresources on the economic growth of five provinces in NorthwestChina is measured by using the improved C-D productionfunction and the Romer damping analysis model from the aspectof the third industry,and the coefficient of structural deviation isused to measure the dynamic changes of consumption structure ofwater resources and industrial structure.From the consumptionof water resources,the output elasticity of capital and technologyof the third industry of five provinces in Northwest Chinaisgreater than that oflabor and water resources,indicating that theeconomic development in the northwestern areas is stronglydependent on thecapital and technology.And there are more areas with growth damping for the second industry,which means the second industry is more dependent on water resources.From the perspective of structure of water consumption,the allocation of water resources basically reaches the optimal efficiency between the second and third industries,but the distribution between the first and second and that between the first and third industries are uneven.The structural changes in waterconsumption lags behind those in industrial structure,and the consumption structure of water resources and industrial structure are not coordinated.Based on these results,some policy proposals are put forward as follows:increase of water use efficiency in various areas,decrease of water consumption,improvement of water use structure,and promotion of water resources towards the second and third industries.
基金The work in this paper is supported by the grant from the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1762107)Science and technology program of Sichuan Province(No.2019YJ0425).
文摘Foam diversion acidizing can effectively solve the problem of acid distribution with severe heterogeneity between and within layers.Based on the foam diversion principle,the gas trap theory,and volume conservation principle,the foam slug diversion acidizing model was established and solved considering the change of bottomhole temperature and deviation factor of foam.The simulation results show that the change of temperature has a great influence on the diversion effect at the initial stage of injection,but a small influence at the middle and late stage.The effect of temperature on the highly permeable layer is greater than that of temperature on the low permeability layer.The deviation factor of foam is mainly controlled by temperature at the initial stage,and by pressure at the middle and late stage,and the whole process shows a downward trend,which has little influence on the diversion effect.The quasi-skin factor of gas trap is the most important parameter that influences the effect of foam diversion.The water saturation of the low permeability layer rises faster than that of the high permeability layer,and the effect of diversion is obvious.The research results have a strong guiding significance for foam diversion acidizing.
