The Hengduan Mountains region(HMR)is one of the most densely distributed and severe flash flood disaster-prone areas in southwest China.It is also a key area for major engineering projects and beautiful countryside co...The Hengduan Mountains region(HMR)is one of the most densely distributed and severe flash flood disaster-prone areas in southwest China.It is also a key area for major engineering projects and beautiful countryside construction in Southwest China.However,previous studies have not systematically summarized the development characteristics and formation modes of flash flood disasters in the HMR,which limits the development of theoretical and technical system for flood control.In this study,we focused on the physical processes of flash flood disasters in the HMR,including generation,movement,and disaster formation,and clarified the dominant disaster-inducing conditions(multiple humid monsoon circulation,high potential energy and high heterogenous underlying surface)and disaster development characteristics(high spatio-temporal heterogeneity,highly concentrated energy,chain and cascading effects,and clustered occurrence)of flash floods in the HMR.Based on the entire processes of flash flood disasters,three major formation modes have been summarized:the runoff generation mode of vegetation-hydrology-soil coupling dominated by high hydraulic gradient in mountainous areas,strong flow-sediment coupling movement,and serious disaster losses due to high exposure of disaster bearing objects.Finally,based on the issues in previous research,four future research challenges for flash flood disaster in the HMR were proposed.Our study provides insights into disaster prevention and reduction research,including fundamental theoretical system,precise risk assessment of regional disasters,and accurate early warning and forecasting of flash floods.展开更多
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program,No.2019QZKK0903-02National Key R&D Program of China,No.2022YFC3002902National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42201086。
文摘The Hengduan Mountains region(HMR)is one of the most densely distributed and severe flash flood disaster-prone areas in southwest China.It is also a key area for major engineering projects and beautiful countryside construction in Southwest China.However,previous studies have not systematically summarized the development characteristics and formation modes of flash flood disasters in the HMR,which limits the development of theoretical and technical system for flood control.In this study,we focused on the physical processes of flash flood disasters in the HMR,including generation,movement,and disaster formation,and clarified the dominant disaster-inducing conditions(multiple humid monsoon circulation,high potential energy and high heterogenous underlying surface)and disaster development characteristics(high spatio-temporal heterogeneity,highly concentrated energy,chain and cascading effects,and clustered occurrence)of flash floods in the HMR.Based on the entire processes of flash flood disasters,three major formation modes have been summarized:the runoff generation mode of vegetation-hydrology-soil coupling dominated by high hydraulic gradient in mountainous areas,strong flow-sediment coupling movement,and serious disaster losses due to high exposure of disaster bearing objects.Finally,based on the issues in previous research,four future research challenges for flash flood disaster in the HMR were proposed.Our study provides insights into disaster prevention and reduction research,including fundamental theoretical system,precise risk assessment of regional disasters,and accurate early warning and forecasting of flash floods.
