Wheat grain natural transverse sections of 12 periods were observed and analyzed using scanning electron micrographs technology and Bio-Quant system IV image analyzer in order to detect the developing process of A- an...Wheat grain natural transverse sections of 12 periods were observed and analyzed using scanning electron micrographs technology and Bio-Quant system IV image analyzer in order to detect the developing process of A- and B-type starch granules. In addition, the chemical composition and starch granule-bound proteins （SGPs） of A- and B-type starch granules were tested and analyzed. The results showed that A-type starch granules in wheat began from 3 d post anthesis （DPA） till grain maturing and B-type starch granules occured after 15 DPA till grain maturing. Approximately 98.5% of chemical compositions in both A- and B-type starch granules were amylose and amylopectin, and more than half of which were amylopectin. The amylopectin contents, average chain length, and chain length distribution （degree of polymerization〉 40） of amylopectin in A-type starch granules were significant higher than that of B-type starch granules. SGP-145, SGP-140, and SGP-26 kD were associated with A-type starch formation in wheat grain.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A(Botox)injection into the masseter muscle on mandibular development in rats.Methods 1228-day-old Wistar rats were divided into two groups as Botox group(n=6...Objective To investigate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A(Botox)injection into the masseter muscle on mandibular development in rats.Methods 1228-day-old Wistar rats were divided into two groups as Botox group(n=6)and control group(n=6)展开更多
The classification of township development types is an urgent problem that requires solution to enable the township to choose an appropriate development path.Using a township development classification method,we deter...The classification of township development types is an urgent problem that requires solution to enable the township to choose an appropriate development path.Using a township development classification method,we determine the township development types and their spatial patterns in Liaoning Province,China.The results showed that the patterns of township development types based on their general advantages had significant spatial differentiations.The planting,and livestock and poultry breeding township development types based on general advantages were mainly distributed across the central plain of Liaoning Province,China,and also concentrated in Dandong City−Dalian City along Yellow Sea coast,and in the northwest of Chaoyang City.The business and tourism,industry and mining,and residence township development types based on general advantages were distributed mainly along the Shenyang–Dalian Economic Belt in the central and southern Liaoning Province.The ecology township development type based on general advantages was mainly distributed in the eastern and western Liaoning Province to maintain regional ecological security.Township development types based on non-advantages were sporadically distributed in the middle and western Liaoning Province.Based on the classification and spatial patterns,the differences between the distribution of twonship development types and the plan for the major functional areas of Liaoning Province were proposed which could provide the basis for the optimization of the major functional areas.展开更多
Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors,including genetic,physiological,behavioral and environmental influences.The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environ...Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors,including genetic,physiological,behavioral and environmental influences.The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environmental and behavioral influences,rather than genetic causes,are fuelling the present epidemic.In this context,the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis has highlighted the link between the periconceptual,fetal and early infant phases of life and the subsequent development of adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome.Although the mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated,this programming was generally considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory.Recent work in animal models suggests that developmental programming of metabolic disorders is potentially reversible by nutritional or targeted therapeutic interventions during the period of developmental plasticity.This review will discuss critical windows of developmental plasticity and possible avenues to ameliorate the development of postnatal metabolic disorders following an adverse early life environment.展开更多
There is consistent epidemiological evidence linking low birth weight, preterm birth and adverse fetal growth to an elevated risk of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides, ...There is consistent epidemiological evidence linking low birth weight, preterm birth and adverse fetal growth to an elevated risk of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides, lowered serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance) and related disorders. This "fetal or developmental origins/programming of disease" concept is now well accepted but the "programming" mechanisms remain poorly understood. We reviewed the major evidence, implications and limitations of current hypotheses in interpreting developmental programming and discuss future research directions. Major current hypotheses to interpret developmental programming include: (1)thrifty phenotype; (2) postnatal accelerated or catchup growth; (3) glucocorticoid effects; (4) epigenetic changes; (5) oxidative stress; (6) prenatal hypoxia; (7) placental dysfunction; and (8) reduced stem cell number. Some hypothetical mechanisms (2, 4 and 8) could be driven by other upstream "driver" mechanisms. There is a lack of animal studies addressing multiple mechanisms simultaneously and a lack of strong evidence linking clinical outcomes to biomarkers of the proposed programming mechanisms in humans. There are needs for (1) experimental studies addressing multiple hypothetical mechanisms simultaneously; and (2) prospective pregnancy cohort studies linking biomarkers of the proposed mechanisms to clinical outcomes or surrogate biomarker endpoints. A better understanding of the programming mechanisms is a prerequisite for developing early life interventions to arrest the increasing epidemic of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and other related disorders.展开更多
After entering the information-based society, profound reform has happened in the business pattern of enterprises, and thecompetitive mode between traditional enterprises has been transformed into the competition betw...After entering the information-based society, profound reform has happened in the business pattern of enterprises, and thecompetitive mode between traditional enterprises has been transformed into the competition between supply chains in nowadays. The liquorindustry in Luzhou is the pillar industry of economy, which involves “Luzhou Old Cellar”, “Ichiro Liquor”and other large-scale enterpriseswith well-known brands. Besides, many small and medium-sized enterprises are developing and flourishing in Luzhou. Compared with thedevelopment of large enterprises, the development of small and medium sized enterprises has more uncertainty and risks. At present, Luzhou Cityis setting about to build Huangyi into a liquor centralized zone, which is also a clusterization strategy for industry development of Luzhou liquor.For Luzhou Liquor Zone, the implementation of supply chain management of small and medium-sized enterprises can greatly reduce the cost ofenterprises and improve effi ciency of operation. The growth and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Luzhou Liquor Zone andthe promotion of advantages of industrial clusters are closely related to the risks of the supply chain.展开更多
目的:探究髋关节镜手术治疗临界型发育性髋关节发育不良(borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip,BDDH)患者的早期疗效及安全性。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年12月确诊为BDDH的患者111例,根据手术方法分为两组,其中63例患者行关...目的:探究髋关节镜手术治疗临界型发育性髋关节发育不良(borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip,BDDH)患者的早期疗效及安全性。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年12月确诊为BDDH的患者111例,根据手术方法分为两组,其中63例患者行关节镜手术为关节镜组,男22例,女41例,年龄(35.67±6.83)岁;48例患者行髋臼周围截骨术(periacetabular osteotomy,PAO)为PAO组,男18例,女30例,年龄(36.85±7.10)岁。记录两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、出血量、康复时间、并发症发生率、再手术率。测量并记录两组患者影像学指标。分别采用改良Harris髋关节功能评分(modified Harris hip score,mHHS)、非骨关节炎髋关节评分(nonarthritic hip score,NAHS)、髋关节结果评分日常生活能力量表(hip outcome score activity of daily living scale,HOS-ADL)评估患者术前及术后的髋关节功能及生活质量。结果:所有患者获得随访,时间为12个月。关节镜组患者的手术时间(90.43±9.85)min、住院时间(4.32±0.56)d及康复时间(15.22±2.15)周、出血量(25.69±6.57)ml、发生并发症15例均低于PAO组(117.25±15.83)min、(5.81±0.92)d、(21.10±3.74)周、(358.52±126.73)ml、30例,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后末次随访外侧中心边缘角(lateral center edge angle,LCEA)为(19.82±1.90)°、前方中心边缘角(anterior center edge angle,ACEA)为(20.01±1.85)°均较治疗前(21.43±2.10)°、(21.54±2.05)°下降,但PAO组治疗后末次随访LCEA(33.03±3.45)°、ACEA为(33.48±4.22)°均较治疗前上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组的T?nnis角治疗后(11.05±1.83)°较治疗前上升,PAO组治疗后末次随访(2.98±0.75)°较治疗前下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后外凸指数(30.68±2.85)及T?nnis分级较治疗前均有改善,α角治疗后(38.79±4.27)°较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PAO组治疗后外凸指数(15.03±2.18)、α角(53.58±6.02)较治疗前均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后末次随访mHSS评分(86.41±7.33)分均高于PAO组(81.02±6.49)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后6个月NAHS为(69.83±6.53)分、HOS-ADL评分(78.84±7.39)分高于PAO组(64.10±6.02)分、(75.31±7.01)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);关节镜组治疗后末次随访NAHS为(87.63±7.60)分、HOS-ADL评分(88.94±8.11)分高于PAO组(81.63±7.03)分、(83.63±7.92)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:髋关节镜手术相较于PAO手术,治疗BDDH患者具有更好的早中期临床疗效;但PAO在改善BDDH患者的髋臼影像学指标方面更具优势,而髋关节镜仅改善患者α角。同时髋关节镜手术对患者造成的创伤更小,减少出血量,更易于患者的后续恢复。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30860145)
文摘Wheat grain natural transverse sections of 12 periods were observed and analyzed using scanning electron micrographs technology and Bio-Quant system IV image analyzer in order to detect the developing process of A- and B-type starch granules. In addition, the chemical composition and starch granule-bound proteins （SGPs） of A- and B-type starch granules were tested and analyzed. The results showed that A-type starch granules in wheat began from 3 d post anthesis （DPA） till grain maturing and B-type starch granules occured after 15 DPA till grain maturing. Approximately 98.5% of chemical compositions in both A- and B-type starch granules were amylose and amylopectin, and more than half of which were amylopectin. The amylopectin contents, average chain length, and chain length distribution （degree of polymerization〉 40） of amylopectin in A-type starch granules were significant higher than that of B-type starch granules. SGP-145, SGP-140, and SGP-26 kD were associated with A-type starch formation in wheat grain.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A(Botox)injection into the masseter muscle on mandibular development in rats.Methods 1228-day-old Wistar rats were divided into two groups as Botox group(n=6)and control group(n=6)
基金Under the auspices of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFD1100101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771106,41171092)。
文摘The classification of township development types is an urgent problem that requires solution to enable the township to choose an appropriate development path.Using a township development classification method,we determine the township development types and their spatial patterns in Liaoning Province,China.The results showed that the patterns of township development types based on their general advantages had significant spatial differentiations.The planting,and livestock and poultry breeding township development types based on general advantages were mainly distributed across the central plain of Liaoning Province,China,and also concentrated in Dandong City−Dalian City along Yellow Sea coast,and in the northwest of Chaoyang City.The business and tourism,industry and mining,and residence township development types based on general advantages were distributed mainly along the Shenyang–Dalian Economic Belt in the central and southern Liaoning Province.The ecology township development type based on general advantages was mainly distributed in the eastern and western Liaoning Province to maintain regional ecological security.Township development types based on non-advantages were sporadically distributed in the middle and western Liaoning Province.Based on the classification and spatial patterns,the differences between the distribution of twonship development types and the plan for the major functional areas of Liaoning Province were proposed which could provide the basis for the optimization of the major functional areas.
基金Supported by Health Research Council of New Zealand,Marsden Fund of the Royal SocietyFoundation for Research Science and TechnologyNational Research Centre for Growth and Development
文摘Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors,including genetic,physiological,behavioral and environmental influences.The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environmental and behavioral influences,rather than genetic causes,are fuelling the present epidemic.In this context,the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis has highlighted the link between the periconceptual,fetal and early infant phases of life and the subsequent development of adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome.Although the mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated,this programming was generally considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory.Recent work in animal models suggests that developmental programming of metabolic disorders is potentially reversible by nutritional or targeted therapeutic interventions during the period of developmental plasticity.This review will discuss critical windows of developmental plasticity and possible avenues to ameliorate the development of postnatal metabolic disorders following an adverse early life environment.
基金Supported by a Research Grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes (CIHR Grant # 79896 - Luo ZC)partly by a Clinical Epidemiology Junior Scholar Award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRSQ) (Luo ZC)partly by a FRSQ Senior Scholar Award (Nuyt AM)
文摘There is consistent epidemiological evidence linking low birth weight, preterm birth and adverse fetal growth to an elevated risk of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides, lowered serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance) and related disorders. This "fetal or developmental origins/programming of disease" concept is now well accepted but the "programming" mechanisms remain poorly understood. We reviewed the major evidence, implications and limitations of current hypotheses in interpreting developmental programming and discuss future research directions. Major current hypotheses to interpret developmental programming include: (1)thrifty phenotype; (2) postnatal accelerated or catchup growth; (3) glucocorticoid effects; (4) epigenetic changes; (5) oxidative stress; (6) prenatal hypoxia; (7) placental dysfunction; and (8) reduced stem cell number. Some hypothetical mechanisms (2, 4 and 8) could be driven by other upstream "driver" mechanisms. There is a lack of animal studies addressing multiple mechanisms simultaneously and a lack of strong evidence linking clinical outcomes to biomarkers of the proposed programming mechanisms in humans. There are needs for (1) experimental studies addressing multiple hypothetical mechanisms simultaneously; and (2) prospective pregnancy cohort studies linking biomarkers of the proposed mechanisms to clinical outcomes or surrogate biomarker endpoints. A better understanding of the programming mechanisms is a prerequisite for developing early life interventions to arrest the increasing epidemic of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and other related disorders.
文摘After entering the information-based society, profound reform has happened in the business pattern of enterprises, and thecompetitive mode between traditional enterprises has been transformed into the competition between supply chains in nowadays. The liquorindustry in Luzhou is the pillar industry of economy, which involves “Luzhou Old Cellar”, “Ichiro Liquor”and other large-scale enterpriseswith well-known brands. Besides, many small and medium-sized enterprises are developing and flourishing in Luzhou. Compared with thedevelopment of large enterprises, the development of small and medium sized enterprises has more uncertainty and risks. At present, Luzhou Cityis setting about to build Huangyi into a liquor centralized zone, which is also a clusterization strategy for industry development of Luzhou liquor.For Luzhou Liquor Zone, the implementation of supply chain management of small and medium-sized enterprises can greatly reduce the cost ofenterprises and improve effi ciency of operation. The growth and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Luzhou Liquor Zone andthe promotion of advantages of industrial clusters are closely related to the risks of the supply chain.
文摘目的:探究髋关节镜手术治疗临界型发育性髋关节发育不良(borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip,BDDH)患者的早期疗效及安全性。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年12月确诊为BDDH的患者111例,根据手术方法分为两组,其中63例患者行关节镜手术为关节镜组,男22例,女41例,年龄(35.67±6.83)岁;48例患者行髋臼周围截骨术(periacetabular osteotomy,PAO)为PAO组,男18例,女30例,年龄(36.85±7.10)岁。记录两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、出血量、康复时间、并发症发生率、再手术率。测量并记录两组患者影像学指标。分别采用改良Harris髋关节功能评分(modified Harris hip score,mHHS)、非骨关节炎髋关节评分(nonarthritic hip score,NAHS)、髋关节结果评分日常生活能力量表(hip outcome score activity of daily living scale,HOS-ADL)评估患者术前及术后的髋关节功能及生活质量。结果:所有患者获得随访,时间为12个月。关节镜组患者的手术时间(90.43±9.85)min、住院时间(4.32±0.56)d及康复时间(15.22±2.15)周、出血量(25.69±6.57)ml、发生并发症15例均低于PAO组(117.25±15.83)min、(5.81±0.92)d、(21.10±3.74)周、(358.52±126.73)ml、30例,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后末次随访外侧中心边缘角(lateral center edge angle,LCEA)为(19.82±1.90)°、前方中心边缘角(anterior center edge angle,ACEA)为(20.01±1.85)°均较治疗前(21.43±2.10)°、(21.54±2.05)°下降,但PAO组治疗后末次随访LCEA(33.03±3.45)°、ACEA为(33.48±4.22)°均较治疗前上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组的T?nnis角治疗后(11.05±1.83)°较治疗前上升,PAO组治疗后末次随访(2.98±0.75)°较治疗前下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后外凸指数(30.68±2.85)及T?nnis分级较治疗前均有改善,α角治疗后(38.79±4.27)°较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PAO组治疗后外凸指数(15.03±2.18)、α角(53.58±6.02)较治疗前均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后末次随访mHSS评分(86.41±7.33)分均高于PAO组(81.02±6.49)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。关节镜组治疗后6个月NAHS为(69.83±6.53)分、HOS-ADL评分(78.84±7.39)分高于PAO组(64.10±6.02)分、(75.31±7.01)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);关节镜组治疗后末次随访NAHS为(87.63±7.60)分、HOS-ADL评分(88.94±8.11)分高于PAO组(81.63±7.03)分、(83.63±7.92)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:髋关节镜手术相较于PAO手术,治疗BDDH患者具有更好的早中期临床疗效;但PAO在改善BDDH患者的髋臼影像学指标方面更具优势,而髋关节镜仅改善患者α角。同时髋关节镜手术对患者造成的创伤更小,减少出血量,更易于患者的后续恢复。
