This article takes 2016-2022 as the inspection period to construct an evaluation index system for the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry.The entropy method and comprehensive index are used to m...This article takes 2016-2022 as the inspection period to construct an evaluation index system for the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry.The entropy method and comprehensive index are used to measure the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing,and compared with neighboring provinces such as Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan.Policy recommendations are proposed to promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing City.展开更多
Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling ...Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.展开更多
Hemingway's stature as a writer was confirmed with the publication of A Farewell to Arms. Infact, Hemingway wrote a lot of war stories, but in almost all of his novels, the concept of the"Hemingway Hero"...Hemingway's stature as a writer was confirmed with the publication of A Farewell to Arms. Infact, Hemingway wrote a lot of war stories, but in almost all of his novels, the concept of the"Hemingway Hero"or more popularly the"code hero"is frequently elaborated and vividly exemplified. In the novel"A Farewell to Arms", Frederick Henry and Catherine Barkly are both Hemingway code characters who carry out the code very well and both show their grace under pressure in face of death, misery and disorder.Yet, an indepth study shows that the development levels of the two Hemingway code heroes are not the same.Catherine is the initi-ated, developed, and established code hero while Frederick is a developing code hero who can't be seen as a perfect one until the end of the story. He is to be initiated and tested;we observe his development under the tests.展开更多
The research concluded peasants＇ willingness on homestead exiting and influential factors by questionnaire survey and interviewing in two villages with varied levels of economic development in Anhui Province.Comparis...The research concluded peasants＇ willingness on homestead exiting and influential factors by questionnaire survey and interviewing in two villages with varied levels of economic development in Anhui Province.Comparisons were performed on subjective factors and objective factors were explored by Logistic regression.The results showed that both of education background and homestead use have positive correlation with peasants＇ willingness on homestead exit;the number of family members has negative effects on peasants in advanced village but the number of migrant workers or members living in cities has positive effects;the area of homestead has positive effects on peasants in underdeveloped village.Therefore,the emphasis should be varied on homestead exit upon village economy and it is necessary to reinforce homestead exit promotion at improving immigrants＇ reception work,social security,employment,and education.展开更多
To investigate the spatial synergy between agricultural development level and transport superiority degree in grain-producing areas of the central Jilin Province and the driving mechanism between them,22 counties in t...To investigate the spatial synergy between agricultural development level and transport superiority degree in grain-producing areas of the central Jilin Province and the driving mechanism between them,22 counties in the central Jilin Province were used as the research units to calculate agricultural development level and transport superiority degree using the entropy weighting method,weighted travel time and raster cost distance.The spatial econometric model was used to analyze the mechanism of the mutual influence between the two.The main conclusions are as follows.1)Agricultural development level around Changchun,the provincial capital city,and in the areas of Changchun-Jilin and Changchun-Gongzhuling is high,whereas the development level of the counties in the southwest is low.2)Transport superiority degree of each county has improved,the overall connectivity of the road networks has been optimized,and the level of transportation accessibility has shown the development trend of‘centralization’,exhibiting the characteristics of proximity diffusion.3)Locally,there is spatial heterogeneity in the mutual driving effects of the two,with six main patterns.4)The theoretical conditions of von Thunen’s agricultural location have changed under the conditions of market economy due to the improvement of the transport networks,the new model of agricultural development,and the changes of the market system.展开更多
Recent years have witnessed rapid and widespread economic growth in regions involved in China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),mainly due to the construction of six economic corridors.This paper aims to quantify the l...Recent years have witnessed rapid and widespread economic growth in regions involved in China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),mainly due to the construction of six economic corridors.This paper aims to quantify the levels of six economic corridors according to the socioeconomic development levels in the BRI regions.Here,a gridded socioeconomic development index was first created,and a dividing line was drawn to reveal the distribution characteristics of socioeconomic development in the BRI regions.A classification method was then applied to identify local development levels.Finally,we created an economic corridor development index(ECDI)to evaluate the progress of six economic corridors.The results reveal spatial heterogeneity within the socioeconomic groups of BRI regions,which can be roughly divided into offshore(or Part A,50.54%)and inland(or Part B,49.46%)areas.Although both parts comprise roughly the same area,over 95%of the population is located in offshore regions.The China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor has the highest development index due to a stable political environment and long-running cooperation.The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor suffers from the lowest ECDI but with strong development potential.Our methods can provide critical reference and practice for the future evaluation of the level of regional development.The results of this study can offer policymakers some insight into reducing socioeconomic inequality in the BRI regions.展开更多
With the rapid changes of demographic and socio-economic structure, various ecological and environmental problems have emerged in peri-urban areas. Studies on the correlation between socio-economic development and eco...With the rapid changes of demographic and socio-economic structure, various ecological and environmental problems have emerged in peri-urban areas. Studies on the correlation between socio-economic development and eco-environmental preservation are inadequate. This paper analyzes the landscape pattern of peri-urban areas to address this issue. First, it studies the differentiation of economic development levels in Beijing peri-urban areas. Then, it explores the correlation between economic development level of each town and its landscape pattern using Pearson Correlation and grade difference indices. Furthermore, it summarizes the problems within current landscape pattern. Three conclusions are drawn from the analysis: (1) on the whole, the economic de- velopment level in Beijing peri-urban areas basically matches with landscape pattern; (2) landscape contagion degree decreases with the growth of economic development level in as much as 30% of Beijing peri-urban areas. This is an irrational phenomenon accord- ing to our judgment; (3) landscape fragmentation grades in more than half of the towns are higher than their economic development grades, suggesting that attention should be paid to excessive fragmentation of land use.展开更多
Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI coun...Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI countries).Therefore,this study aims to identify the factors that influence the levels of sustainable development of BRI countries in a reasonable and objective manner.Eventually,this study employs the super efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM)model,which considers unexpected outputs to measure the level of sustainable development of BRI countries.The dynamic change and composition of the sustainable development level of these countries are calculated using the global Malmquist-Luenberger index.Furthermore,the Tobit model is used to identify the factors influencing the level of sustainable development of BRI countries in general and in various categories.The empirical results suggest the following points.(a)The overall level of sustainable development of BRI countries is low,whereas those of high-income and middle-and high-income countries are relatively high.(b)The overall sustainable development levels of BRI countries declined to a certain extent in 2008 owing to the effect of the financial crisis,.However,the sustainable development level of other countries,barring low-income countries,has gradually increased since 2011.(c)Since 2008,technological progress has replaced technical efficiency as the main driving force behind the improvement of the sustainable development level of BRI countries.(d)A U-shaped relationship is observed between the economic and sustainable development levels of these countries.(e)The level of science and technology and the proportion of renewable energy consumption can promote the sustainable development of these countries.Moreover,a negative correlation exists between the level of opening to the outside world and that of sustainable development of countries that mainly export resource-based products and are dominated by labor-intensive export industries.Barring low-income countries,the energy structure plays an effective role in improving the level of sustainable development.Finally,the study presents suggestions for China in the process of coping with the sustainable development of relevant countries during its promotion of the BRI.展开更多
Based on the data of modern agricultural development level in Huaibei area,this paper made a comprehensive evaluation on the modern agricultural development of 6 cities in Huaibei area by Analytic Hierarchy Process( A...Based on the data of modern agricultural development level in Huaibei area,this paper made a comprehensive evaluation on the modern agricultural development of 6 cities in Huaibei area by Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP). It analyzed the development trend and difference in the level of agricultural input,the level of agricultural output,the level of rural social development and the level of agricultural ecological security. The study shows that the overall level of modern agricultural development in Huaibei area is rising in the past 6 years,with the highest increase in Suzhou City,followed by Huainan City and Huaibei City,and the other cities ranking in the middle. In view of the problems in the process of modern agricultural development in Huaibei area,it came up with recommendations,including strengthening the land consolidation,transfer of agricultural population,improving the rural education and controlling the agricultural pollution.展开更多
Cultivating new agricultural productive forces is an inherent requirement and a key focus for promoting high-quality agricultural development and building a strong agricultural country.Based on panel data from 30 prov...Cultivating new agricultural productive forces is an inherent requirement and a key focus for promoting high-quality agricultural development and building a strong agricultural country.Based on panel data from 30 provinces and cities in China's mainland from 2012 to 2022,the entropy method,Dagum Gini coefficient,and Moran's I were used to study the development level of new agricultural productive forces.The results show that:first,the development level of China's new agricultural productive forces has steadily improved,and at the regional level,it shows a decreasing trend in the order of the eastern,central,western,and northeastern regions;second,the degree of inequality in the development of China's new agricultural productive forces has continued to expand,and the inter-regional gap is the main reason for the unbalanced development;third,the development of China's new agricultural productive forces has a positive spatial autocorrelation in space,with a concentrated distribution.Accordingly,policy recommendations are put forward from the perspective of the overall development level and regional difference characteristics of new agricultural productive forces.展开更多
Understanding the urban-rural development mechanism is critical for implementing rural revival and new-type urbanization.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the urban-rural integrated development level(URIDL)an...Understanding the urban-rural development mechanism is critical for implementing rural revival and new-type urbanization.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the urban-rural integrated development level(URIDL)and its impact factors.Hence,we constructed an assessment system for the URIDL from spatial,economic,social,life,and ecological integration.The spatial autocorrelation and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess the spatiotemporal variation of the URIDL and the trade-off synergistic relationship among the subsystems at the provincial scale in China using socio-economic statistical data from 2000 to 2020.A spatial panel quantile regression model was used to analyze the driving mechanism.The results showed that the URIDL of China increased by 0.19%from 2000 to 2020,and a high-high(H-H)spatial agglomeration pattern occurred in the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions.Spatial integration significantly contributed to the other subsystems,whereas economic integration had a significant negative impact on the other subsystems in the eastern coastal and southwestern regions.Per capita Gross Domestic Product(GDP)improved the URIDL,whereas other factors,such as fiscal revenue decentralization,had inhibiting effects.Notably,the impact of factors on URIDL varies across different quantiles.Finally,we proposed policy recommendations for differentiated improvement of URIDL based on its evolution and regional development level during the research period.展开更多
The core issue of sustainable development refers to the coordinated development of economic-social-environmental issues.In the present study,by complying with the China Sustainable Development Indicator System(CSDIS)c...The core issue of sustainable development refers to the coordinated development of economic-social-environmental issues.In the present study,by complying with the China Sustainable Development Indicator System(CSDIS)concept,a comprehensive index system was built;besides,Natural Breaks(Jenks)Classification Method,Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and Geographic Detector Analysis were conducted to delve into the sustainability and coordinated degree at city level in China from 2007 to 2017.The achieved results are presented as follows.First,for spatial differentiation,the overall spatial distribution pattern was characterized by the high-value units in eastern China and the low-value units in western China from 2007 to 2017.To be specific,the high-value units were radiated along the Beijing-Guangdong Axis(Jing-Guang Axis)centered on the core of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,the middle-value units were distributed in strips along the coast,and the low-value units were vastly gathered in western China and gradually break via the Hu Huanyong line(Hu Line)in south China from 2007 to 2017.More specifically,based on the five subsystems,the pattern of each system was consistent with the whole,whereas the degree of concentration was different.Second,for spatial correlation,the significant High-High(HH)areas were primarily distributed in the core of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta Regions.The significant Low-Low(LL)areas were continuously distributed in the southwest China and broke through the Hu Line from 2007 to 2017.There were insufficient number of significant High-Low(HL)and significant Low-High(LH)areas,whereas the spatial agglomeration of them was less obvious.Third,for internal coupling coordination,the spatial differentiation between the coupling degree and the coupling coordinated degree was significantly consistent in 2007 and 2017.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta Regions have demonstrated a high level of coordinated evolution,and the pattern of western mountainous areas exhibited a low degree of coordinated growth.Lastly,based on the combination of quantitative and qualitative,its factors were underpinned by robust economic strength,the vitality support of the information level and the basic support function of the topography,active guidance of national policies and path dependence and industrial transfer.展开更多
[Objectives]Hubei Province has a superior geographical location,and is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with pleasant climate and abundant natural resources.It is an important province of p...[Objectives]Hubei Province has a superior geographical location,and is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with pleasant climate and abundant natural resources.It is an important province of population,agriculture and resources in China.[Methods]Based on the data of Statistical Yearbook of Hubei 2018,the agricultural economic indicators of the cities and prefectures in Hubei Province were analyzed with principal component analysis method by using SPSS19.0.[Results]The comprehensive scores and rankings of the agricultural economic development level of the 17 cities and prefectures in Hubei Province were obtained.They were divided into four agricultural development levels.[Conclusions]According to the analysis results,corresponding policy recommendations were put forward to promote the development of agricultural economy in Hubei Province.展开更多
Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between...Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between the ice-snow tourism network attention and tourism industry development in 31 Chinese provinces and proposed suggestions pertaining to development.Our findings showed that(1)most provinces have not yet achieved excellent coordinated development between the two systems,and the coupled coordination efficiency is low.Each province's coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency exhibited a small increase.(2)Spatial differences in the coupled coordination level and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province were more evident.In seven provinces,including Heilongjiang,tourism industry development demonstrated a relatively high utilization rate and enhanced ice-snow tourism network attention.(3)The rankings of the coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province remained relatively stable at the upper and lower ends,with large changes in the central provinces.The coupled coordination efficiency of Heilongjiang,Beijing,Jilin,and Shanghai remained at the top of the list steadily,whereas Xizang,Anhui,and Qinghai stayed at the bottom.In contrast,the ranking of the coupled coordination efficiency of Inner Mongolia,Henan,and Jiangsu displayed a great change.(4)The spatial correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation that decreased annually.Some provinces exhibited characteristics of spatial aggregation,with a high-high aggregation effect in Liaoning and Jilin,a low-low aggregation effect in Gansu and Qinghai,and no spatial aggregation effect in most other provinces.展开更多
A fundamental shift in the regional development pattern is crucial to achieving a comprehensive green transformation in China.Currently,innovation-driven green development is a significant strategic option for regiona...A fundamental shift in the regional development pattern is crucial to achieving a comprehensive green transformation in China.Currently,innovation-driven green development is a significant strategic option for regional development.As the main body of innovation and the basic unit of regional composition,enterprises have a profound impact on the development of regional economy,society,ecology,and other aspects.However,considering China’s vast territory and significant regional differences in natural environment and industrial structure,it’s necessary to further explore the specific impact paths of regional green development driven by enterprise innovation.Therefore,taking industrial enterprises as an example,based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2016 to 2020,this study verifies the impact of industrial enterprise innovation on the regional green development level by constructing a parallel multiple mediating effect model and dividing the economy into eastern,central,and western regions to discuss the specific impact paths.The results show that industrial enterprise innovation has a significant positive effect on regional green development level,via different influencing paths in each region:(1)The eastern region improves the regional green development level by narrowing the urban-rural income gap;(2)The central region improves the regional green development level by reducing resource dependence;and(3)The western region raises the regional green development level by improving the rationalization of industrial structure.展开更多
BACKGROUND： The abnormal posture and motor pattern have not stabilized in children with cerebral palsy at early period, thus timely treatment can establish normal postural reflex and motor pattern, and prevent compli...BACKGROUND： The abnormal posture and motor pattern have not stabilized in children with cerebral palsy at early period, thus timely treatment can establish normal postural reflex and motor pattern, and prevent complications of muscle contracture, ankylosis, skeletal deformity, etc. The clinical factors affecting the rehabilitative efficacy of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy should be observed. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of therapeutic occasion, grading of gross motor function and developmental level on the rehabilitative efficacy in children with cerebral palsy. DESIGN： A case-controlled analysis. SETTING： Qilu Children＇s Hospital of Shandong University. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 138 children with cerebral palsy, who were hospitalized for 12 months in the Rehabilitation Center of Qilu Children＇s Hospital, Shandong University, were selected from April 2004 to September 2006, and all the children were diagnosed to be accorded with the standard set by the national seminar on cerebral palsy in 2004. There were 97 males and 41 females, including 55 cases of 0-2 years old, 47 cases of 2-4 years and 36 cases of 4-6 years. Informed contents were obtained from relatives of all the children. METHODS： ① Comprehensive rehabilitation treatment： Vojta method was to induce the children to turn over the body and crawl by stimulating reflective turn over and crawling on belly. Bobath method including trainings of head control, turning over body, keeping sitting position, keeping balance, crawling, keeping standing position, and walking, etc.; The children were massaged by using the maneuvers of push, press, rub, pull, wave, etc. according to the sites and types of palsy. Acupuncture was performed mainly at bilateral motor areas, the needle was retained for 1 hour per time, 6 days continuously every week, and followed by a 1-day interval. ② Prognosis assessment： The gross motor functional grading of the children with cerebral palsy at admission was assessed using the Chinese version of gross motor function classification system （GMFCS）. The gross motor functions of the children with cerebral palsy were assessed before rehabilitation treatment and 12 months after rehabilitation treatment by using gross motor function measure （GMFM）. The improved GMFM total score was calculated. Developmental quotient was evaluated using Gesell developmental schedules （GDS） after 12-month rehabilitation treatment. Univariate analysis of variance was performed using the improved GMFM total score with age, GMFCS grade and developmental level （developmental quotient）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Effects of age started to accept rehabilitation treatment, GMFCS grade and developmental level on the recovery of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. RESULTS： All the 138 children with cerebral palsy were involved in the analysis of results. The improved GMFM total scores were significantly different among the children with cerebral palsy of different ages started to accept treatment, GMFCS grades and developmental levels （F=13.464, 37.283, 30.814, P 〈 0.01）. The younger the children started to accept treatment, the lower the their GMFCS grades and the higher their developmental levels, then the higher their improved GMFM total scores. CONCLUSION： The recovery of gross motor function is better in younger children started to accepted treatment with cerebral palsy with lower GMFCS grades and higher developmental levels.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to make a comprehensive evaluation and explore strategies on fishery development. [Method] Fishery development in China was analyzed and concerning evaluation system was established based on it...[Objective] The aim was to make a comprehensive evaluation and explore strategies on fishery development. [Method] Fishery development in China was analyzed and concerning evaluation system was established based on its development stage, international competiveness and exportation. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation was made on fishery and countermeasures were proposed considering from government, department of quality control, fishery guild, producing and processing enterprises. [Result] Although progresses have been made in fishery in China, some problems still exist, such as overdose of drug residues, overloading breeding, lower additional value of products, and fewer excellent and famous products. Hence, local governments should give much support to fishery and enhance competitiveness to improve the products in global market; departments of quality control should strengthen supervision and management on fishery products against technical trade barriers; fishery guilds or researching institutions should provide technical support for concerning breeding and processing which should be mainly relied on science and technology. [Conclusion] The research provided references for fishery development.展开更多
The dislocation between regional innovation and economic development directly influences the economic effect of regional innovation. However, no in-depth researches have been made on how to solve this problem. Using d...The dislocation between regional innovation and economic development directly influences the economic effect of regional innovation. However, no in-depth researches have been made on how to solve this problem. Using data from Henan Province, China,employing geographical detector technology, this paper focuses on testing whether the industry-university-research cooperation can contribute to coordinating the relation between regional innovation and economic development. It is shown that: 1) the industry-universityresearch cooperation in Henan Province is increasing gradually, and the network presents a core-edge structure, and the coupling degree between regional innovation and economic development is spatially unbalanced, which is similar to the spatial distribution of the intensity of industry-university-research cooperation;2) as an important approach to effectively connect scientific researches with market demands, the industry-university-research cooperation can help form an interactive, interconnected, coupled and coordinated virtuous relation between regional innovation and economic development. Compared with the cooperation between organizations of the same type and the separate innovation of organizations, the improvement of the industry-university-research cooperation level can better coordinate the relation between regional innovation and economic development;3) the cooperative innovation model between enterprises and universities can better promote the coupling between regional innovation and economic development, compared with many industryuniversity-research cooperation models. For underdeveloped areas lacking local knowledge base, industry-university-research cooperation should be considered as a long-term development strategy, especially using the knowledge sources of external universities and scientific research institutions to enhance innovation capability and achieve economic growth.展开更多
文摘This article takes 2016-2022 as the inspection period to construct an evaluation index system for the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry.The entropy method and comprehensive index are used to measure the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing,and compared with neighboring provinces such as Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan.Policy recommendations are proposed to promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing City.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2015J088)~~
文摘Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.
文摘Hemingway's stature as a writer was confirmed with the publication of A Farewell to Arms. Infact, Hemingway wrote a lot of war stories, but in almost all of his novels, the concept of the"Hemingway Hero"or more popularly the"code hero"is frequently elaborated and vividly exemplified. In the novel"A Farewell to Arms", Frederick Henry and Catherine Barkly are both Hemingway code characters who carry out the code very well and both show their grace under pressure in face of death, misery and disorder.Yet, an indepth study shows that the development levels of the two Hemingway code heroes are not the same.Catherine is the initi-ated, developed, and established code hero while Frederick is a developing code hero who can't be seen as a perfect one until the end of the story. He is to be initiated and tested;we observe his development under the tests.
文摘The research concluded peasants＇ willingness on homestead exiting and influential factors by questionnaire survey and interviewing in two villages with varied levels of economic development in Anhui Province.Comparisons were performed on subjective factors and objective factors were explored by Logistic regression.The results showed that both of education background and homestead use have positive correlation with peasants＇ willingness on homestead exit;the number of family members has negative effects on peasants in advanced village but the number of migrant workers or members living in cities has positive effects;the area of homestead has positive effects on peasants in underdeveloped village.Therefore,the emphasis should be varied on homestead exit upon village economy and it is necessary to reinforce homestead exit promotion at improving immigrants＇ reception work,social security,employment,and education.
基金Under the auspices of Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA19040500)。
文摘To investigate the spatial synergy between agricultural development level and transport superiority degree in grain-producing areas of the central Jilin Province and the driving mechanism between them,22 counties in the central Jilin Province were used as the research units to calculate agricultural development level and transport superiority degree using the entropy weighting method,weighted travel time and raster cost distance.The spatial econometric model was used to analyze the mechanism of the mutual influence between the two.The main conclusions are as follows.1)Agricultural development level around Changchun,the provincial capital city,and in the areas of Changchun-Jilin and Changchun-Gongzhuling is high,whereas the development level of the counties in the southwest is low.2)Transport superiority degree of each county has improved,the overall connectivity of the road networks has been optimized,and the level of transportation accessibility has shown the development trend of‘centralization’,exhibiting the characteristics of proximity diffusion.3)Locally,there is spatial heterogeneity in the mutual driving effects of the two,with six main patterns.4)The theoretical conditions of von Thunen’s agricultural location have changed under the conditions of market economy due to the improvement of the transport networks,the new model of agricultural development,and the changes of the market system.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA20010203The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program,No.2019QZKK1006+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42130508The Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.ZDRW-XH-2021-3。
文摘Recent years have witnessed rapid and widespread economic growth in regions involved in China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),mainly due to the construction of six economic corridors.This paper aims to quantify the levels of six economic corridors according to the socioeconomic development levels in the BRI regions.Here,a gridded socioeconomic development index was first created,and a dividing line was drawn to reveal the distribution characteristics of socioeconomic development in the BRI regions.A classification method was then applied to identify local development levels.Finally,we created an economic corridor development index(ECDI)to evaluate the progress of six economic corridors.The results reveal spatial heterogeneity within the socioeconomic groups of BRI regions,which can be roughly divided into offshore(or Part A,50.54%)and inland(or Part B,49.46%)areas.Although both parts comprise roughly the same area,over 95%of the population is located in offshore regions.The China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor has the highest development index due to a stable political environment and long-running cooperation.The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor suffers from the lowest ECDI but with strong development potential.Our methods can provide critical reference and practice for the future evaluation of the level of regional development.The results of this study can offer policymakers some insight into reducing socioeconomic inequality in the BRI regions.
文摘With the rapid changes of demographic and socio-economic structure, various ecological and environmental problems have emerged in peri-urban areas. Studies on the correlation between socio-economic development and eco-environmental preservation are inadequate. This paper analyzes the landscape pattern of peri-urban areas to address this issue. First, it studies the differentiation of economic development levels in Beijing peri-urban areas. Then, it explores the correlation between economic development level of each town and its landscape pattern using Pearson Correlation and grade difference indices. Furthermore, it summarizes the problems within current landscape pattern. Three conclusions are drawn from the analysis: (1) on the whole, the economic de- velopment level in Beijing peri-urban areas basically matches with landscape pattern; (2) landscape contagion degree decreases with the growth of economic development level in as much as 30% of Beijing peri-urban areas. This is an irrational phenomenon accord- ing to our judgment; (3) landscape fragmentation grades in more than half of the towns are higher than their economic development grades, suggesting that attention should be paid to excessive fragmentation of land use.
文摘Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI countries).Therefore,this study aims to identify the factors that influence the levels of sustainable development of BRI countries in a reasonable and objective manner.Eventually,this study employs the super efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM)model,which considers unexpected outputs to measure the level of sustainable development of BRI countries.The dynamic change and composition of the sustainable development level of these countries are calculated using the global Malmquist-Luenberger index.Furthermore,the Tobit model is used to identify the factors influencing the level of sustainable development of BRI countries in general and in various categories.The empirical results suggest the following points.(a)The overall level of sustainable development of BRI countries is low,whereas those of high-income and middle-and high-income countries are relatively high.(b)The overall sustainable development levels of BRI countries declined to a certain extent in 2008 owing to the effect of the financial crisis,.However,the sustainable development level of other countries,barring low-income countries,has gradually increased since 2011.(c)Since 2008,technological progress has replaced technical efficiency as the main driving force behind the improvement of the sustainable development level of BRI countries.(d)A U-shaped relationship is observed between the economic and sustainable development levels of these countries.(e)The level of science and technology and the proportion of renewable energy consumption can promote the sustainable development of these countries.Moreover,a negative correlation exists between the level of opening to the outside world and that of sustainable development of countries that mainly export resource-based products and are dominated by labor-intensive export industries.Barring low-income countries,the energy structure plays an effective role in improving the level of sustainable development.Finally,the study presents suggestions for China in the process of coping with the sustainable development of relevant countries during its promotion of the BRI.
文摘Based on the data of modern agricultural development level in Huaibei area,this paper made a comprehensive evaluation on the modern agricultural development of 6 cities in Huaibei area by Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP). It analyzed the development trend and difference in the level of agricultural input,the level of agricultural output,the level of rural social development and the level of agricultural ecological security. The study shows that the overall level of modern agricultural development in Huaibei area is rising in the past 6 years,with the highest increase in Suzhou City,followed by Huainan City and Huaibei City,and the other cities ranking in the middle. In view of the problems in the process of modern agricultural development in Huaibei area,it came up with recommendations,including strengthening the land consolidation,transfer of agricultural population,improving the rural education and controlling the agricultural pollution.
文摘Cultivating new agricultural productive forces is an inherent requirement and a key focus for promoting high-quality agricultural development and building a strong agricultural country.Based on panel data from 30 provinces and cities in China's mainland from 2012 to 2022,the entropy method,Dagum Gini coefficient,and Moran's I were used to study the development level of new agricultural productive forces.The results show that:first,the development level of China's new agricultural productive forces has steadily improved,and at the regional level,it shows a decreasing trend in the order of the eastern,central,western,and northeastern regions;second,the degree of inequality in the development of China's new agricultural productive forces has continued to expand,and the inter-regional gap is the main reason for the unbalanced development;third,the development of China's new agricultural productive forces has a positive spatial autocorrelation in space,with a concentrated distribution.Accordingly,policy recommendations are put forward from the perspective of the overall development level and regional difference characteristics of new agricultural productive forces.
基金Under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Program(No.2023YFC3804001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42201440)。
文摘Understanding the urban-rural development mechanism is critical for implementing rural revival and new-type urbanization.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the urban-rural integrated development level(URIDL)and its impact factors.Hence,we constructed an assessment system for the URIDL from spatial,economic,social,life,and ecological integration.The spatial autocorrelation and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess the spatiotemporal variation of the URIDL and the trade-off synergistic relationship among the subsystems at the provincial scale in China using socio-economic statistical data from 2000 to 2020.A spatial panel quantile regression model was used to analyze the driving mechanism.The results showed that the URIDL of China increased by 0.19%from 2000 to 2020,and a high-high(H-H)spatial agglomeration pattern occurred in the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions.Spatial integration significantly contributed to the other subsystems,whereas economic integration had a significant negative impact on the other subsystems in the eastern coastal and southwestern regions.Per capita Gross Domestic Product(GDP)improved the URIDL,whereas other factors,such as fiscal revenue decentralization,had inhibiting effects.Notably,the impact of factors on URIDL varies across different quantiles.Finally,we proposed policy recommendations for differentiated improvement of URIDL based on its evolution and regional development level during the research period.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41701130)The Decision-making Bidding Project of Henan Provincial Government in 2018(No.2018B163)。
文摘The core issue of sustainable development refers to the coordinated development of economic-social-environmental issues.In the present study,by complying with the China Sustainable Development Indicator System(CSDIS)concept,a comprehensive index system was built;besides,Natural Breaks(Jenks)Classification Method,Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and Geographic Detector Analysis were conducted to delve into the sustainability and coordinated degree at city level in China from 2007 to 2017.The achieved results are presented as follows.First,for spatial differentiation,the overall spatial distribution pattern was characterized by the high-value units in eastern China and the low-value units in western China from 2007 to 2017.To be specific,the high-value units were radiated along the Beijing-Guangdong Axis(Jing-Guang Axis)centered on the core of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,the middle-value units were distributed in strips along the coast,and the low-value units were vastly gathered in western China and gradually break via the Hu Huanyong line(Hu Line)in south China from 2007 to 2017.More specifically,based on the five subsystems,the pattern of each system was consistent with the whole,whereas the degree of concentration was different.Second,for spatial correlation,the significant High-High(HH)areas were primarily distributed in the core of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta Regions.The significant Low-Low(LL)areas were continuously distributed in the southwest China and broke through the Hu Line from 2007 to 2017.There were insufficient number of significant High-Low(HL)and significant Low-High(LH)areas,whereas the spatial agglomeration of them was less obvious.Third,for internal coupling coordination,the spatial differentiation between the coupling degree and the coupling coordinated degree was significantly consistent in 2007 and 2017.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta Regions have demonstrated a high level of coordinated evolution,and the pattern of western mountainous areas exhibited a low degree of coordinated growth.Lastly,based on the combination of quantitative and qualitative,its factors were underpinned by robust economic strength,the vitality support of the information level and the basic support function of the topography,active guidance of national policies and path dependence and industrial transfer.
文摘[Objectives]Hubei Province has a superior geographical location,and is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with pleasant climate and abundant natural resources.It is an important province of population,agriculture and resources in China.[Methods]Based on the data of Statistical Yearbook of Hubei 2018,the agricultural economic indicators of the cities and prefectures in Hubei Province were analyzed with principal component analysis method by using SPSS19.0.[Results]The comprehensive scores and rankings of the agricultural economic development level of the 17 cities and prefectures in Hubei Province were obtained.They were divided into four agricultural development levels.[Conclusions]According to the analysis results,corresponding policy recommendations were put forward to promote the development of agricultural economy in Hubei Province.
基金supported by The Science and Technology program of Gansu Province(Grant No.23ZDFA017).
文摘Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between the ice-snow tourism network attention and tourism industry development in 31 Chinese provinces and proposed suggestions pertaining to development.Our findings showed that(1)most provinces have not yet achieved excellent coordinated development between the two systems,and the coupled coordination efficiency is low.Each province's coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency exhibited a small increase.(2)Spatial differences in the coupled coordination level and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province were more evident.In seven provinces,including Heilongjiang,tourism industry development demonstrated a relatively high utilization rate and enhanced ice-snow tourism network attention.(3)The rankings of the coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province remained relatively stable at the upper and lower ends,with large changes in the central provinces.The coupled coordination efficiency of Heilongjiang,Beijing,Jilin,and Shanghai remained at the top of the list steadily,whereas Xizang,Anhui,and Qinghai stayed at the bottom.In contrast,the ranking of the coupled coordination efficiency of Inner Mongolia,Henan,and Jiangsu displayed a great change.(4)The spatial correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation that decreased annually.Some provinces exhibited characteristics of spatial aggregation,with a high-high aggregation effect in Liaoning and Jilin,a low-low aggregation effect in Gansu and Qinghai,and no spatial aggregation effect in most other provinces.
基金supported by the“Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP),Grant No.2019QZKK1007”from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China。
文摘A fundamental shift in the regional development pattern is crucial to achieving a comprehensive green transformation in China.Currently,innovation-driven green development is a significant strategic option for regional development.As the main body of innovation and the basic unit of regional composition,enterprises have a profound impact on the development of regional economy,society,ecology,and other aspects.However,considering China’s vast territory and significant regional differences in natural environment and industrial structure,it’s necessary to further explore the specific impact paths of regional green development driven by enterprise innovation.Therefore,taking industrial enterprises as an example,based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2016 to 2020,this study verifies the impact of industrial enterprise innovation on the regional green development level by constructing a parallel multiple mediating effect model and dividing the economy into eastern,central,and western regions to discuss the specific impact paths.The results show that industrial enterprise innovation has a significant positive effect on regional green development level,via different influencing paths in each region:(1)The eastern region improves the regional green development level by narrowing the urban-rural income gap;(2)The central region improves the regional green development level by reducing resource dependence;and(3)The western region raises the regional green development level by improving the rationalization of industrial structure.
文摘BACKGROUND： The abnormal posture and motor pattern have not stabilized in children with cerebral palsy at early period, thus timely treatment can establish normal postural reflex and motor pattern, and prevent complications of muscle contracture, ankylosis, skeletal deformity, etc. The clinical factors affecting the rehabilitative efficacy of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy should be observed. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of therapeutic occasion, grading of gross motor function and developmental level on the rehabilitative efficacy in children with cerebral palsy. DESIGN： A case-controlled analysis. SETTING： Qilu Children＇s Hospital of Shandong University. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 138 children with cerebral palsy, who were hospitalized for 12 months in the Rehabilitation Center of Qilu Children＇s Hospital, Shandong University, were selected from April 2004 to September 2006, and all the children were diagnosed to be accorded with the standard set by the national seminar on cerebral palsy in 2004. There were 97 males and 41 females, including 55 cases of 0-2 years old, 47 cases of 2-4 years and 36 cases of 4-6 years. Informed contents were obtained from relatives of all the children. METHODS： ① Comprehensive rehabilitation treatment： Vojta method was to induce the children to turn over the body and crawl by stimulating reflective turn over and crawling on belly. Bobath method including trainings of head control, turning over body, keeping sitting position, keeping balance, crawling, keeping standing position, and walking, etc.; The children were massaged by using the maneuvers of push, press, rub, pull, wave, etc. according to the sites and types of palsy. Acupuncture was performed mainly at bilateral motor areas, the needle was retained for 1 hour per time, 6 days continuously every week, and followed by a 1-day interval. ② Prognosis assessment： The gross motor functional grading of the children with cerebral palsy at admission was assessed using the Chinese version of gross motor function classification system （GMFCS）. The gross motor functions of the children with cerebral palsy were assessed before rehabilitation treatment and 12 months after rehabilitation treatment by using gross motor function measure （GMFM）. The improved GMFM total score was calculated. Developmental quotient was evaluated using Gesell developmental schedules （GDS） after 12-month rehabilitation treatment. Univariate analysis of variance was performed using the improved GMFM total score with age, GMFCS grade and developmental level （developmental quotient）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Effects of age started to accept rehabilitation treatment, GMFCS grade and developmental level on the recovery of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. RESULTS： All the 138 children with cerebral palsy were involved in the analysis of results. The improved GMFM total scores were significantly different among the children with cerebral palsy of different ages started to accept treatment, GMFCS grades and developmental levels （F=13.464, 37.283, 30.814, P 〈 0.01）. The younger the children started to accept treatment, the lower the their GMFCS grades and the higher their developmental levels, then the higher their improved GMFM total scores. CONCLUSION： The recovery of gross motor function is better in younger children started to accepted treatment with cerebral palsy with lower GMFCS grades and higher developmental levels.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to make a comprehensive evaluation and explore strategies on fishery development. [Method] Fishery development in China was analyzed and concerning evaluation system was established based on its development stage, international competiveness and exportation. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation was made on fishery and countermeasures were proposed considering from government, department of quality control, fishery guild, producing and processing enterprises. [Result] Although progresses have been made in fishery in China, some problems still exist, such as overdose of drug residues, overloading breeding, lower additional value of products, and fewer excellent and famous products. Hence, local governments should give much support to fishery and enhance competitiveness to improve the products in global market; departments of quality control should strengthen supervision and management on fishery products against technical trade barriers; fishery guilds or researching institutions should provide technical support for concerning breeding and processing which should be mainly relied on science and technology. [Conclusion] The research provided references for fishery development.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41971222)Key R&D (Science and Technology)+2 种基金Promotion Project of Henan Province (No. 222102110420)Key Research Project of Higher Education Think Tank in Henan Province (No. 2022ZKYJ06)Science and Technology Innovative Team Support Plan Project in Higher Educational Institutions of Henan Province (No. 21IRTSTHN008)。
文摘The dislocation between regional innovation and economic development directly influences the economic effect of regional innovation. However, no in-depth researches have been made on how to solve this problem. Using data from Henan Province, China,employing geographical detector technology, this paper focuses on testing whether the industry-university-research cooperation can contribute to coordinating the relation between regional innovation and economic development. It is shown that: 1) the industry-universityresearch cooperation in Henan Province is increasing gradually, and the network presents a core-edge structure, and the coupling degree between regional innovation and economic development is spatially unbalanced, which is similar to the spatial distribution of the intensity of industry-university-research cooperation;2) as an important approach to effectively connect scientific researches with market demands, the industry-university-research cooperation can help form an interactive, interconnected, coupled and coordinated virtuous relation between regional innovation and economic development. Compared with the cooperation between organizations of the same type and the separate innovation of organizations, the improvement of the industry-university-research cooperation level can better coordinate the relation between regional innovation and economic development;3) the cooperative innovation model between enterprises and universities can better promote the coupling between regional innovation and economic development, compared with many industryuniversity-research cooperation models. For underdeveloped areas lacking local knowledge base, industry-university-research cooperation should be considered as a long-term development strategy, especially using the knowledge sources of external universities and scientific research institutions to enhance innovation capability and achieve economic growth.
