Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.You...Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.展开更多
To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction fou...To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction four times successively and the Technical Guidelines for Intelligent Construction(Trial).展开更多
Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables th...Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables this dynamic is the white matter(WM),known to be affected in neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)(Rokach et al.,2024).WM formation is mediated by myelination,a multifactorial process driven by neuro-glia interactions dependent on proper neuronal functionality(Simons and Trajkovic,2006).Another key aspect of neurodevelopmental abnormalities involves neuronal dynamics and function,with recent advances significantly enhancing our understanding of both neuronal and glial mitochondrial function(Devine and Kittler,2018;Rojas-Charry et al.,2021).Energy homeostasis in neurons,attributed largely to mitochondrial function,is critical for proper functionality and interactions with oligodendrocytes(OLs),the cells forming myelin in the brain’s WM.We herein discuss the interplay between these processes and speculate on potential dysfunction in NDDs.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both g...Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both global and regional climates.This study assesses the performance of models participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project in simulating interannual variability modes of Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa geopotential height during winter and summer,distinguishing predictable(potentially predictable on seasonal or longer timescales)and unpredictable(intraseasonal and essentially unpredictable at long range)components,using reanalysis data and a variance decomposition method.Although most models effectively capture unpredictable modes in reanalysis,their ability to reproduce dominant predictable modes-specifically the Pacific-North American pattern,Arctic Oscillation,and Western Pacific Oscillation in winter,and the East Atlantic and North Atlantic Oscillations in summer-varies notably.An optimal ensemble is identified to distinguish(a)predictable-external modes,dominated by external forcing,and(b)predictable-internal modes,associated with slow internal variability,during the historical period(1950-2014)and the SSP5-8.5 scenario(2036-2100).Under increased radiative forcing,the leading winter/summer predictable-external mode exhibits a more uniform spatial distribution,remarkably larger trend and annual variance,and enhanced height-sea surface temperature(SST)covariance under SSP5-8.5 compared to historical conditions.The dominant winter/summer predictable-internal modes also exhibit increased variance and height-SST covariance under SSP5-8.5,along with localized changes in spatial configuration.Minimal changes are observed in spatial distribution or variance for dominant winter/summer unpredictable modes under SSP5-8.5.This study,from a predictive perspective,deepens our understanding of model uncertainties and projected changes in circulations.展开更多
The International Standardization Youth Star Competition is held for three consecutive years.We have witnessed continuous improvement in the competition each year,which is a result of our collective efforts.
N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification,the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNA(mRNA)and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),has emerged as a critical epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes.While...N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification,the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNA(mRNA)and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),has emerged as a critical epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes.While the importance of m^(6)A modification in various biological processes has been recognized,a comprehensive understanding of its diverse roles in plant biology and agricultural applications remains fragmented.This review analyzes recent advances inm^(6)A modification's biological functions in plants.m^(6)A modification plays crucial roles in multiple aspects of plant life,including seed germination,organ development,and reproductive structure formation.Furthermore,m^(6)A has been found to significantly influence plant responses to environmental stresses,including salt,drought,temperature,and heavy metal exposure.We also uncover m^(6)A involvement in important agricultural traits.This review provides insights into the mechanistic understanding of m^(6)A modification in plants and highlights its applications in agricultural improvement,offering a foundation for future research in crop enhancement and stress resistance.展开更多
Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetland...Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.展开更多
The mechanistic target of rapamycin(m TOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a pivotal role in cellular growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. In the central nervous system(CNS), the mTOR pathway regul...The mechanistic target of rapamycin(m TOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a pivotal role in cellular growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. In the central nervous system(CNS), the mTOR pathway regulates diverse aspects of neural development and function. Genetic mutations within the m TOR pathway lead to severe neurodevelopmental disorders, collectively known as “mTORopathies”(Crino, 2020). Dysfunctions of m TOR, including both its hyperactivation and hypoactivation, have also been implicated in a wide spectrum of other neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions, highlighting its importance in CNS health.展开更多
In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms...In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms’GVC advancement,measured by the domestic value-added rate(DVAR)in exports.Using integrated Chinese microdata(2000-2014),we find this complementarity significantly boosts export DVAR,explaining about one-quarter of its observed growth.Two mechanisms drive this effect:increased use of domestic intermediates and gains in firm productivity.The benefits are especially large for firms with lower human capital and for those in accessible,innovation-peripheral regions,helping narrow productivity gaps across firms and space.Affected firms also exhibit broader export scopes,higher product quality,more diversified destinations,and greater markups-firm-level evidence of GVC upgrading.These findings highlight how external technological linkages drive upgrading and underscore the importance of fostering inter-regional synergies for balanced development.展开更多
Human cardiac organoids have revolutionized the study of cardiac development,disease modeling,drug discovery,and regenerative therapies.This review systematically discusses strategies and progress in the construction ...Human cardiac organoids have revolutionized the study of cardiac development,disease modeling,drug discovery,and regenerative therapies.This review systematically discusses strategies and progress in the construction of cardiac organoids,categorizing them into three main types:cardiac spheroids,self-organizing/assembloid organoids,and organoid-on-a-chip systems.This review uniquely integrates the advances in vascularization,organ-on-chip design,and environmental cardiotoxicity modeling within cardiac organoid platforms,offering a critical synthesis that is absent in the literature.In the context of escalating environmental threats to cardiovascular health,there is an urgent need for physiologically relevant models to accurately identify cardiac toxicants and elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action.This review highlights advances in cardiac organoid applications for disease modeling—including congenital heart defects and acquired cardiovascular diseases—drug development,toxicity screening,and the study of environmentally induced cardiovascular pathogenesis.In addition,it critically examines ongoing challenges and underscores opportunities brought by bioengineering approaches.Finally,we propose future directions for developing standardized cardiac organoid platforms with clinical predictability,aiming to expand the utility of this technology across broader research applications.展开更多
Motor neuron diseases are sporadic or inherited fatal neurodegenerative conditions.They selectively affect the upper and/or lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord and feature a slow onset and a subacute cour...Motor neuron diseases are sporadic or inherited fatal neurodegenerative conditions.They selectively affect the upper and/or lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord and feature a slow onset and a subacute course contingent upon the site of damage.The main types include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,progressive muscular atrophy,primary lateral sclerosis,and progressive bulbar palsy,the pathological processes of which are largely identical,with the main disparity lying in the location of the lesions.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the representative condition in this group of diseases,while other types are its variants.Hence,this article mainly focuses on the advancements and challenges in drug research for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis but also briefly addresses several other important degenerative motor neuron diseases.Although the precise pathogenesis remains elusive,recent advancements have shed light on various theories,including gene mutation,excitatory amino acid toxicity,autoimmunology,and neurotrophic factors.The US Food and Drug Administration has approved four drugs for use in delaying the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:riluzole,edaravone,AMX0035,and tofersen,with the latter being the most recent to receive approval.However,following several phaseⅢtrials that failed to yield favorable outcomes,AMX0035 has been voluntarily withdrawn from both the US and Canadian markets.This article presents a comprehensive summary of drug trials primarily completed between January 1,2023,and June 30,2024,based on data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov.Among these trials,five are currently in phaseⅠ,seventeen are in phaseⅡ,and eleven are undergoing phaseⅢevaluation.Notably,24 clinical trials are now investigating potential disease-modifying therapy drugs,accounting for the majority of the drugs included in this review.Some promising drugs being investigated in preclinical studies,such as ATH-1105,are included in our analysis,and another review in frontiers in gene therapy and immunotherapy has demonstrated their therapeutic potential for motor neuron diseases.This article was written to be an overview of research trends and treatment prospects related to motor neuron disease drugs,with the aim of highlighting the latest potentialities for clinical therapy.展开更多
In tomato,early fruit development involves rapid cell division and expansion,which are highly dependent on sugar availability(Huang et al.,2025;Yuan et al.,2025).After fruit set,soluble sugars are loaded into pericarp...In tomato,early fruit development involves rapid cell division and expansion,which are highly dependent on sugar availability(Huang et al.,2025;Yuan et al.,2025).After fruit set,soluble sugars are loaded into pericarp cells through the symplasmic(cytosol)or apoplasmic pathway(cell wall and extracellular matrix)(Patrick and Offler,1996).Sucrose,as the major form of carbon translocated to tomato fruit,can be directly unloaded into fruit cells.However,some sucrose can be hydrolyzed by extracellular invertase,producing glucose and fructose for metabolism and biosynthesis in pericarp cells(Ruan,2014).展开更多
Brucellosis is a global public health issue that severely affects human health,Brucella melitensis is currently the predominant species in China.Brucella spondylitis is the primary cause of the debilitating and disabl...Brucellosis is a global public health issue that severely affects human health,Brucella melitensis is currently the predominant species in China.Brucella spondylitis is the primary cause of the debilitating and disabling complications[1].The lumbar vertebra was the most commonly affected site,followed by the thoracic,cervical,thoracolumbar,and lumbosacral segments,and back pain,fever,sweating,and fatigue were the most common symptoms[2].However,the diagnosis of Brucella spondylitis is challenging owing to its wide spectrum of clinical presentations,cross-reactions with other bacteria,and low strain isolation rate.Therefore,a timely and accurate diagnosis of spinal brucellosis is crucial for implementing an effective therapeutic plan and improving treatment outcomes.Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction(ddPCR)is widely used for low-abundance nucleic acid detection and is useful for diagnosing infectious diseases[3].Therefore,this study aimed to evaluate the ddPCR approach for the diagnosis of brucellosis with spondylitis to improve its clinical diagnostic capacity.展开更多
The development of machine learning and deep learning algorithms as well as the improvement ofhardware arithmetic power provide a rare opportunity for logging big data private cloud.With the deepeningof exploration an...The development of machine learning and deep learning algorithms as well as the improvement ofhardware arithmetic power provide a rare opportunity for logging big data private cloud.With the deepeningof exploration and development and the requirements of low-carbon development,the focus of exploration anddevelopment in the oil and gas industry is gradually shifting to the exploration and development of renewableenergy sources such as deep sea,deep earth and geothermal energy.The traditional petrophysical evaluation andinterpretation model has encountered great challenges in the face of new evaluation objects.To establish a distributedlogging big data private cloud platform with a unified learning model as the key,which realizes the distributed storageand processing of logging big data,and enables the learning of brand-new knowledge patterns from multi-attributedata in the large function space in the unified logging learning model integrating the expert knowledge and the datamodel,so as to solve the problem of geoengineering evaluation of geothermal fields.Based on the research ideaof“logging big data cloud platform---unified logging learning model---large function space---knowledge learning&discovery---application”,the theoretical foundation of unified learning model,cloud platform architecture,datastorage and learning algorithm,arithmetic power allocation and platform monitoring,platform stability,data security,etc.have been carried on analysis.The designed logging big data cloud platform realizes parallel distributed storageand processing of data and learning algorithms.New knowledge of geothermal evaluation is found in a large functionspace and applied to Geo-engineering evaluation of geothermal fields.The examples show its good application in theselection of logging series in geothermal fields,quality control of logging data,identification of complex lithologyin geothermal fields,evaluation of reservoir fluids,checking of associated helium,evaluation of cementing quality,evaluation of well-side fractures,and evaluation of geothermal water recharge under the remote logging module ofthe cloud platform.The first and second cementing surfaces of cemented wells in geothermal fields were evaluated,as well as the development of well-side distal fractures,fracture extension orientation.According to the well-sidefracture communication to form a good fluid pathway and large flow rate and long flow diameter of the thermalstorage fi ssure system,the design is conducive to the design of the recharge program of geothermal water.展开更多
Green development is vital for bringing about high-quality development,which makes measuring and comparing provincial green development levels essential.This study calculates the comprehensive green development scores...Green development is vital for bringing about high-quality development,which makes measuring and comparing provincial green development levels essential.This study calculates the comprehensive green development scores using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and autonomous regions(2013-2022)and a combined subjective-objective weighting method.It also innovatively establishes a grey relational degree matrix and a grey improvement sequence to analyze provincial similarities and identify benchmarks for improvement.The results indicate that ecological and environmental protection holds the highest weight among the primary indicators.Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Zhejiang,and Jiangsu lead in green development,with Shanghai,Beijing,and Tianjin exhibiting distinct development trajectories,while Guizhou and Yunnan share a similar trend.Zhejiang and Shaanxi have prominent benchmarks for improvement,while some provinces dynamically adjust their targets.The results suggest that advanced regions should further refine their green development pathways to align with their specific contexts,while less-developed regions should adaptively learn from the appropriate benchmarks and periodically reassess their strategies.This study provides scientific guidance for regional green development planning,policymaking,and benchmarking,thus contributing to sustainable regional development.Furthermore,it lays a foundation for future research to expand into broader datasets,scales,influencing factors,and policy evaluations.展开更多
The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of...The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of forest park. Based on the field study, it had firstly conducted qualitative evaluation on landscape resources in Junwu Forest Park of Liuzhou City, concluded that forest landscape had distinctive feature and high quality, sceneries in forest were splendid and colorful, landscape combination was good and forest ecological environment was excellent in quality. Furthermore, in accordance with China Forest Park Landscape Resources Quality Grade Evaluation (GB/T18005-1999), quantitative evaluation had been conducted on landscape resources of Junwu Forest Park in Liuzhou City. On this basis, it had deeply analyzed development value of Junwu Forest Park, highlighting its forest aesthetics, popular science education, health care, tourism culture and tourism economic value, so as to provide reference for its planning and development.展开更多
Pai Town-Medog County Route is known as the first hiking route in China, which is a part of Tibet tourism product, as well as a business card of Linzhi tourism. The route is abundant with natural and human resources. ...Pai Town-Medog County Route is known as the first hiking route in China, which is a part of Tibet tourism product, as well as a business card of Linzhi tourism. The route is abundant with natural and human resources. In the research, quantitative and qualitative methods were integrated and scientific evaluation and analysis were made on tourism resources along the route according to National Standard of Classification, Investigation and Evaluation of Tourism Resources, with countermeasures proposed.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to provide references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry tech- nology. [Method] With the livelihood improvement program f...[Objective] This study aimed to provide references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry tech- nology. [Method] With the livelihood improvement program for agricultural and pas- toral area in northern Yunnan as the example, the development process of partici- patory animal husbandry was overviewed. And the monitoring and evaluation pro- cesses of participatory animal husbandry were introduced and analyzed. [Result] The monitoring and evaluation indicator system of participatory animal husbandry technol- ogy included 4 layers, namely technology, institutional system, personnel ability con- struction and effectiveness, and 11 third-level indicators, namely, technical characteristics, superiority-inferiority comparison, community and farmers, technical personnel, project personnel, economic indicators and social indicators. [Conclusion] This study provided the references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry technology.展开更多
Qualitative indexes contained in the product standards of in-depth ecotourism development are summarized as:carrying capacity control,protection of natural environment,participation of community residents,education ab...Qualitative indexes contained in the product standards of in-depth ecotourism development are summarized as:carrying capacity control,protection of natural environment,participation of community residents,education about environment protection,enhancing standard management,clean production,green training,and overall monitoring.Based on the model of grey system theory,the improvement of in-depth ecotourism development was predicted,the construction,evaluation and monitoring model for the in-depth development of ecotourism was established,and finally the index system for the evaluation was set as the General Layer(A),the System Layer(B),the Status Layer(C),and the Variable Layer(D).展开更多
文摘Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.
文摘To advance intelligent construction,standards must come first.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued the List for Replicable Experience and Practices for Developing Intelligent Construction four times successively and the Technical Guidelines for Intelligent Construction(Trial).
文摘Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables this dynamic is the white matter(WM),known to be affected in neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)(Rokach et al.,2024).WM formation is mediated by myelination,a multifactorial process driven by neuro-glia interactions dependent on proper neuronal functionality(Simons and Trajkovic,2006).Another key aspect of neurodevelopmental abnormalities involves neuronal dynamics and function,with recent advances significantly enhancing our understanding of both neuronal and glial mitochondrial function(Devine and Kittler,2018;Rojas-Charry et al.,2021).Energy homeostasis in neurons,attributed largely to mitochondrial function,is critical for proper functionality and interactions with oligodendrocytes(OLs),the cells forming myelin in the brain’s WM.We herein discuss the interplay between these processes and speculate on potential dysfunction in NDDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2342210 and 42275043)the National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(Grant Nos.J2223806,ZDJ2024-25 and ZDJ2025-34)。
文摘Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both global and regional climates.This study assesses the performance of models participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project in simulating interannual variability modes of Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa geopotential height during winter and summer,distinguishing predictable(potentially predictable on seasonal or longer timescales)and unpredictable(intraseasonal and essentially unpredictable at long range)components,using reanalysis data and a variance decomposition method.Although most models effectively capture unpredictable modes in reanalysis,their ability to reproduce dominant predictable modes-specifically the Pacific-North American pattern,Arctic Oscillation,and Western Pacific Oscillation in winter,and the East Atlantic and North Atlantic Oscillations in summer-varies notably.An optimal ensemble is identified to distinguish(a)predictable-external modes,dominated by external forcing,and(b)predictable-internal modes,associated with slow internal variability,during the historical period(1950-2014)and the SSP5-8.5 scenario(2036-2100).Under increased radiative forcing,the leading winter/summer predictable-external mode exhibits a more uniform spatial distribution,remarkably larger trend and annual variance,and enhanced height-sea surface temperature(SST)covariance under SSP5-8.5 compared to historical conditions.The dominant winter/summer predictable-internal modes also exhibit increased variance and height-SST covariance under SSP5-8.5,along with localized changes in spatial configuration.Minimal changes are observed in spatial distribution or variance for dominant winter/summer unpredictable modes under SSP5-8.5.This study,from a predictive perspective,deepens our understanding of model uncertainties and projected changes in circulations.
文摘The International Standardization Youth Star Competition is held for three consecutive years.We have witnessed continuous improvement in the competition each year,which is a result of our collective efforts.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31660568)Guangxi Science and Technology major project(Grant No.GuikeAA22068088)+2 种基金start-up funding for introduced talents in Guangxi University,the Guangxi Colleges and Universities Young and Middle-aged Teachers'Basic Scientific Research Ability Improvement Project(Grant No.2024KY0010)Guangxi Graduate Education Innovation Program(Grant No.YCSW2024093)the Guangxi University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Funding Project(Grant Nos.202310593704,202310593714,202410953044S).
文摘N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification,the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNA(mRNA)and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),has emerged as a critical epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes.While the importance of m^(6)A modification in various biological processes has been recognized,a comprehensive understanding of its diverse roles in plant biology and agricultural applications remains fragmented.This review analyzes recent advances inm^(6)A modification's biological functions in plants.m^(6)A modification plays crucial roles in multiple aspects of plant life,including seed germination,organ development,and reproductive structure formation.Furthermore,m^(6)A has been found to significantly influence plant responses to environmental stresses,including salt,drought,temperature,and heavy metal exposure.We also uncover m^(6)A involvement in important agricultural traits.This review provides insights into the mechanistic understanding of m^(6)A modification in plants and highlights its applications in agricultural improvement,offering a foundation for future research in crop enhancement and stress resistance.
基金support through the“Trans-Disciplinary Research”Grant(No.R/Dev/IoE/TDRProjects/2023-24/61658),which played a crucial role in enabling this research endeavor.
文摘Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.
基金supported by grants from Simons Foundation (SFARI 479754),CIHR (PJT-180565)the Scottish Rite Charitable Foundation of Canada (to YL)funding from the Canada Research Chairs program。
文摘The mechanistic target of rapamycin(m TOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a pivotal role in cellular growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. In the central nervous system(CNS), the mTOR pathway regulates diverse aspects of neural development and function. Genetic mutations within the m TOR pathway lead to severe neurodevelopmental disorders, collectively known as “mTORopathies”(Crino, 2020). Dysfunctions of m TOR, including both its hyperactivation and hypoactivation, have also been implicated in a wide spectrum of other neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions, highlighting its importance in CNS health.
基金supported by the following grants:National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Major Project)“Research on the Mechanism and Breakthrough Path for Achieving Key Core Technologies through the Coupling of Innovation Chains and Industrial Chains”(Grant No.22&ZD093)Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences,Ministry of Education“Research on Innovation Development Theory Based on Chinese Practice”(Grant No.23CEDRZ03).
文摘In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms’GVC advancement,measured by the domestic value-added rate(DVAR)in exports.Using integrated Chinese microdata(2000-2014),we find this complementarity significantly boosts export DVAR,explaining about one-quarter of its observed growth.Two mechanisms drive this effect:increased use of domestic intermediates and gains in firm productivity.The benefits are especially large for firms with lower human capital and for those in accessible,innovation-peripheral regions,helping narrow productivity gaps across firms and space.Affected firms also exhibit broader export scopes,higher product quality,more diversified destinations,and greater markups-firm-level evidence of GVC upgrading.These findings highlight how external technological linkages drive upgrading and underscore the importance of fostering inter-regional synergies for balanced development.
基金supported by the Innovation Promotion Program of NHC and Shanghai Key Labs,SIBPT(grant number PT2025-01)。
文摘Human cardiac organoids have revolutionized the study of cardiac development,disease modeling,drug discovery,and regenerative therapies.This review systematically discusses strategies and progress in the construction of cardiac organoids,categorizing them into three main types:cardiac spheroids,self-organizing/assembloid organoids,and organoid-on-a-chip systems.This review uniquely integrates the advances in vascularization,organ-on-chip design,and environmental cardiotoxicity modeling within cardiac organoid platforms,offering a critical synthesis that is absent in the literature.In the context of escalating environmental threats to cardiovascular health,there is an urgent need for physiologically relevant models to accurately identify cardiac toxicants and elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action.This review highlights advances in cardiac organoid applications for disease modeling—including congenital heart defects and acquired cardiovascular diseases—drug development,toxicity screening,and the study of environmentally induced cardiovascular pathogenesis.In addition,it critically examines ongoing challenges and underscores opportunities brought by bioengineering approaches.Finally,we propose future directions for developing standardized cardiac organoid platforms with clinical predictability,aiming to expand the utility of this technology across broader research applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFC2703101(to YC)the National Natural Science Fundation of China,No.82371422(to YC)+1 种基金the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students,No.202310611408(to XW)the 1·3·5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence Clinical Research Fund,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.2023HXFH032(to YC)。
文摘Motor neuron diseases are sporadic or inherited fatal neurodegenerative conditions.They selectively affect the upper and/or lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord and feature a slow onset and a subacute course contingent upon the site of damage.The main types include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,progressive muscular atrophy,primary lateral sclerosis,and progressive bulbar palsy,the pathological processes of which are largely identical,with the main disparity lying in the location of the lesions.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the representative condition in this group of diseases,while other types are its variants.Hence,this article mainly focuses on the advancements and challenges in drug research for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis but also briefly addresses several other important degenerative motor neuron diseases.Although the precise pathogenesis remains elusive,recent advancements have shed light on various theories,including gene mutation,excitatory amino acid toxicity,autoimmunology,and neurotrophic factors.The US Food and Drug Administration has approved four drugs for use in delaying the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:riluzole,edaravone,AMX0035,and tofersen,with the latter being the most recent to receive approval.However,following several phaseⅢtrials that failed to yield favorable outcomes,AMX0035 has been voluntarily withdrawn from both the US and Canadian markets.This article presents a comprehensive summary of drug trials primarily completed between January 1,2023,and June 30,2024,based on data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov.Among these trials,five are currently in phaseⅠ,seventeen are in phaseⅡ,and eleven are undergoing phaseⅢevaluation.Notably,24 clinical trials are now investigating potential disease-modifying therapy drugs,accounting for the majority of the drugs included in this review.Some promising drugs being investigated in preclinical studies,such as ATH-1105,are included in our analysis,and another review in frontiers in gene therapy and immunotherapy has demonstrated their therapeutic potential for motor neuron diseases.This article was written to be an overview of research trends and treatment prospects related to motor neuron disease drugs,with the aim of highlighting the latest potentialities for clinical therapy.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32120103010,32341045,and 32272729).
文摘In tomato,early fruit development involves rapid cell division and expansion,which are highly dependent on sugar availability(Huang et al.,2025;Yuan et al.,2025).After fruit set,soluble sugars are loaded into pericarp cells through the symplasmic(cytosol)or apoplasmic pathway(cell wall and extracellular matrix)(Patrick and Offler,1996).Sucrose,as the major form of carbon translocated to tomato fruit,can be directly unloaded into fruit cells.However,some sucrose can be hydrolyzed by extracellular invertase,producing glucose and fructose for metabolism and biosynthesis in pericarp cells(Ruan,2014).
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Projects of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Grant no.2022BEG03161)。
文摘Brucellosis is a global public health issue that severely affects human health,Brucella melitensis is currently the predominant species in China.Brucella spondylitis is the primary cause of the debilitating and disabling complications[1].The lumbar vertebra was the most commonly affected site,followed by the thoracic,cervical,thoracolumbar,and lumbosacral segments,and back pain,fever,sweating,and fatigue were the most common symptoms[2].However,the diagnosis of Brucella spondylitis is challenging owing to its wide spectrum of clinical presentations,cross-reactions with other bacteria,and low strain isolation rate.Therefore,a timely and accurate diagnosis of spinal brucellosis is crucial for implementing an effective therapeutic plan and improving treatment outcomes.Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction(ddPCR)is widely used for low-abundance nucleic acid detection and is useful for diagnosing infectious diseases[3].Therefore,this study aimed to evaluate the ddPCR approach for the diagnosis of brucellosis with spondylitis to improve its clinical diagnostic capacity.
文摘The development of machine learning and deep learning algorithms as well as the improvement ofhardware arithmetic power provide a rare opportunity for logging big data private cloud.With the deepeningof exploration and development and the requirements of low-carbon development,the focus of exploration anddevelopment in the oil and gas industry is gradually shifting to the exploration and development of renewableenergy sources such as deep sea,deep earth and geothermal energy.The traditional petrophysical evaluation andinterpretation model has encountered great challenges in the face of new evaluation objects.To establish a distributedlogging big data private cloud platform with a unified learning model as the key,which realizes the distributed storageand processing of logging big data,and enables the learning of brand-new knowledge patterns from multi-attributedata in the large function space in the unified logging learning model integrating the expert knowledge and the datamodel,so as to solve the problem of geoengineering evaluation of geothermal fields.Based on the research ideaof“logging big data cloud platform---unified logging learning model---large function space---knowledge learning&discovery---application”,the theoretical foundation of unified learning model,cloud platform architecture,datastorage and learning algorithm,arithmetic power allocation and platform monitoring,platform stability,data security,etc.have been carried on analysis.The designed logging big data cloud platform realizes parallel distributed storageand processing of data and learning algorithms.New knowledge of geothermal evaluation is found in a large functionspace and applied to Geo-engineering evaluation of geothermal fields.The examples show its good application in theselection of logging series in geothermal fields,quality control of logging data,identification of complex lithologyin geothermal fields,evaluation of reservoir fluids,checking of associated helium,evaluation of cementing quality,evaluation of well-side fractures,and evaluation of geothermal water recharge under the remote logging module ofthe cloud platform.The first and second cementing surfaces of cemented wells in geothermal fields were evaluated,as well as the development of well-side distal fractures,fracture extension orientation.According to the well-sidefracture communication to form a good fluid pathway and large flow rate and long flow diameter of the thermalstorage fi ssure system,the design is conducive to the design of the recharge program of geothermal water.
文摘Green development is vital for bringing about high-quality development,which makes measuring and comparing provincial green development levels essential.This study calculates the comprehensive green development scores using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and autonomous regions(2013-2022)and a combined subjective-objective weighting method.It also innovatively establishes a grey relational degree matrix and a grey improvement sequence to analyze provincial similarities and identify benchmarks for improvement.The results indicate that ecological and environmental protection holds the highest weight among the primary indicators.Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Zhejiang,and Jiangsu lead in green development,with Shanghai,Beijing,and Tianjin exhibiting distinct development trajectories,while Guizhou and Yunnan share a similar trend.Zhejiang and Shaanxi have prominent benchmarks for improvement,while some provinces dynamically adjust their targets.The results suggest that advanced regions should further refine their green development pathways to align with their specific contexts,while less-developed regions should adaptively learn from the appropriate benchmarks and periodically reassess their strategies.This study provides scientific guidance for regional green development planning,policymaking,and benchmarking,thus contributing to sustainable regional development.Furthermore,it lays a foundation for future research to expand into broader datasets,scales,influencing factors,and policy evaluations.
文摘The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of forest park. Based on the field study, it had firstly conducted qualitative evaluation on landscape resources in Junwu Forest Park of Liuzhou City, concluded that forest landscape had distinctive feature and high quality, sceneries in forest were splendid and colorful, landscape combination was good and forest ecological environment was excellent in quality. Furthermore, in accordance with China Forest Park Landscape Resources Quality Grade Evaluation (GB/T18005-1999), quantitative evaluation had been conducted on landscape resources of Junwu Forest Park in Liuzhou City. On this basis, it had deeply analyzed development value of Junwu Forest Park, highlighting its forest aesthetics, popular science education, health care, tourism culture and tourism economic value, so as to provide reference for its planning and development.
基金Supported by Resource Utilization Pattern Research of Tibet Southeastern Nature Reserve,Social science Project Tibet Department of Science and Technology~~
文摘Pai Town-Medog County Route is known as the first hiking route in China, which is a part of Tibet tourism product, as well as a business card of Linzhi tourism. The route is abundant with natural and human resources. In the research, quantitative and qualitative methods were integrated and scientific evaluation and analysis were made on tourism resources along the route according to National Standard of Classification, Investigation and Evaluation of Tourism Resources, with countermeasures proposed.
基金Supported by the Canadian International Development Research Center(IDRC)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to provide references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry tech- nology. [Method] With the livelihood improvement program for agricultural and pas- toral area in northern Yunnan as the example, the development process of partici- patory animal husbandry was overviewed. And the monitoring and evaluation pro- cesses of participatory animal husbandry were introduced and analyzed. [Result] The monitoring and evaluation indicator system of participatory animal husbandry technol- ogy included 4 layers, namely technology, institutional system, personnel ability con- struction and effectiveness, and 11 third-level indicators, namely, technical characteristics, superiority-inferiority comparison, community and farmers, technical personnel, project personnel, economic indicators and social indicators. [Conclusion] This study provided the references for the application of participatory monitoring and evaluation in the development of animal husbandry technology.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Xuchang University(2009) " Study on Livable City from the Perspective of Ecological Footprint"~~
文摘Qualitative indexes contained in the product standards of in-depth ecotourism development are summarized as:carrying capacity control,protection of natural environment,participation of community residents,education about environment protection,enhancing standard management,clean production,green training,and overall monitoring.Based on the model of grey system theory,the improvement of in-depth ecotourism development was predicted,the construction,evaluation and monitoring model for the in-depth development of ecotourism was established,and finally the index system for the evaluation was set as the General Layer(A),the System Layer(B),the Status Layer(C),and the Variable Layer(D).
