Due to the weakness of island eco-environment and the dependence of tourism development on island environment,it urgently needs to make a study on environmental problems during island tourism development,so as to prov...Due to the weakness of island eco-environment and the dependence of tourism development on island environment,it urgently needs to make a study on environmental problems during island tourism development,so as to provide a reference for the sustainable development of island tourism.The paper has concluded Chinese island environmental characteristics,analyzed the current situation of island tourism development and discussed environmental problems during island tourism development.On this basis,it has proposed some suggestions for island tourism environment protection.It should take island eco-environment protection as the premise and complete relevant laws and regulations;take foreign island tourism development as the reference,plan scientifically and build island eco-tourism mode;improve island infrastructures,prevent environmental pollution and protect island tourism environment with the government as the guidance;establish island environment monitoring station and tourism information monitoring station;enhance eco-environment protection education and cultivate responsible tourists and tourism staff;and intensify island supervision and regularize island tourism order.展开更多
Taking the scenic area of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou for an example, the quantitative evaluation model of environmental capacity and impact factors limiting sustainable development of scenic area were put forward, ...Taking the scenic area of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou for an example, the quantitative evaluation model of environmental capacity and impact factors limiting sustainable development of scenic area were put forward, and targeted control measures were correspondingly proposed.展开更多
Blast furnace （BF） ironmaking is dominant for reducing pollution emission and energy consumption in iron and steel industry, Under the increasingly strict environmental pressure, some innovative tech nologies of BF ...Blast furnace （BF） ironmaking is dominant for reducing pollution emission and energy consumption in iron and steel industry, Under the increasingly strict environmental pressure, some innovative tech nologies of BF ironmaking for environmental protection have been developed and applied in actual op- erating facilities. The current state of BF ironmaking in Europe, America, Japan, and China were briefly overviewed. Moreover, some innovative BF ironmaking technologies aiming at environmental harmony and operation intellectualization in the world, such as waste gas recycling sintering, BF op eration with coke oven gas injection, ferro coke, lime coating coke, BF visualization and intellectuali zation, were roundly summarized. Finally, some discussion on the technologies was carried out and the development trends of BF ironmaking were pointed out. The review could provide references and supports for the progress of environment friendly technologies of BF ironmaking, thereby promoting their practical applications and achieving sustainable development of BF ironmaking, especially for Chinese ironmaking industry.展开更多
This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication （16th DIPCON）, which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus...This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication （16th DIPCON）, which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus on the diffuse pollution problems encountered in the development process.展开更多
Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) stand...Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) standard growth with infinite supply of factors,(2) finite land supply,(3) fixed use of agricultural chemicals,and(4) combined finite land supply with fixed use of agricultural chemicals.The computable projections suggest that the economic cost of hypothetical environmental control in agriculture is small and further weakened by urbanization.The computed structural development points to efficiency improvements specific to sectors to return the economy to balanced growth.展开更多
This paper is part of a research into the Latin American thinking on international affairs and a continuation of a line of work on Latin American contributions to the environmental discussion installed in the global p...This paper is part of a research into the Latin American thinking on international affairs and a continuation of a line of work on Latin American contributions to the environmental discussion installed in the global political agenda in the early 70s. The premise was that Latin American contributions were initially made by professionals closely related to ECLAC, UNEP and the Bariloche Foundation. These professionals and agencies understood how poverty and backwardness were endured by the majority of the regional and world’s population was one of the main causes of environmental degradation;consequently, overcoming the environmental crisis meant that underdevelopment should be eradicated without delay. This view of the environmental problems was synthesized in the combined concept of “environment and development”, which was also understood in the region as “eco development”. Finally, the broad phenomenon they wanted to describe using the terms “environment and development” was summarized in the concept of sustainable development as defined in the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development report “Our Common Future”.展开更多
Chinese steel industry has made significant progress on reducing fresh water consumption and CO_2/SO_2/COD（ chemical oxygen demand） /dust emissions,and improving comprehensive utilization of solid waste. Some steel ...Chinese steel industry has made significant progress on reducing fresh water consumption and CO_2/SO_2/COD（ chemical oxygen demand） /dust emissions,and improving comprehensive utilization of solid waste. Some steel companies have become topped worldwide. However,due to the large output quantity of crude steel,the whole steel industry is still a huge source of pollutants. At present,environmental protection standards are encountering challenges of lack of technical support,taxation policy and other issues. Steel industry is currently facing enormous environmental pressure. The development trends of environmental protection technologies were studied by summarizing different development stages. To realize the development targets,the industry needs to carry out its research with independent intellectual property rights,develop comprehensive management systems and establish ecological chain with other industries. This can not only raise the level of environmental protection in a broader range,but also improve the energy efficiency of iron and steel plants and increase added value of waste utilization. Finally,23 environmental protection technologies were proposed and 4 new environmental protection practices were studied.展开更多
[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the relationship between environmental tax and sustainable development in China. E Method From the aspects of economic growth, development mode, environmental consciousness of n...[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the relationship between environmental tax and sustainable development in China. E Method From the aspects of economic growth, development mode, environmental consciousness of national people, equity and efficiency, we analyzed the relationship between environmental tax and sustainable development in China, then studied the current taxation systems aiming at sustainable devel- opment. [ Result] In China, the design idea of present taxation system is not suitable for sustainable development, and a complete and scientific environmental tax system has not been established. Environmental tax indicates fairness principle, promotes equal competition and economic struc- ture adjustment, and enhances the environmental consciousness of national people. [ Conclusion] Environmental tax is not only an important sys- tem guarantee for the implementation of scientific development concept and circular economy, but also an effective method for governments to pro- tect environment and realize sustainable development.展开更多
There is an increasing concern about agriculture’s role in polluting the environment which makes farmers feel guilty about using fertilizers. Fertigation is proposed as a panacea to this dilemma, which by this practi...There is an increasing concern about agriculture’s role in polluting the environment which makes farmers feel guilty about using fertilizers. Fertigation is proposed as a panacea to this dilemma, which by this practice reaffirms the principles of 4Rs which are the right source, at the right rate, right time and right place. The aim of this study was to explore constraints and opportunities for its application in developing countries for environmentally friendly fertilizers application. It is a review of literature from government reports, legislature and published material on fertilization and irrigation initiatives of developing countries which include Rwanda, Nepal, Suriname, Zambia, Panama, Tanzania, Sri Lanka and South Sudan in addition to the case presented of China during the “2016 Environmentally Friendly Fertilizer Production, Application and Demonstration from Developing Countries” training course. The study found that in developing countries there is potential to apply fertigation as a way of environmentally friendly fertilizers application as it has been adopted in China. These opportunities include the following: Abundant natural resources like land and water, less polluted environment, conducive agricultural policies, zero duties levied on imported irrigation equipment. However, a number of limitations also are highlighted including: Lack of investment, lack of infrastructure, lack of information, requires expertise on plant nutrition and management of fertigation system, require soil analysis and proper interpretation which is done by experts. This study provides relevant information for fertigation planning and application in respective developing countries.展开更多
This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Envir...This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C program. This paper proposes a technique to facilitate the visually impaired people or the person with arm injuries with excellent programming skills that can code the C program through voice input. The proposed system accepts the C program as voice input and produces compiled C program as output. The user should utter each line of the C program through voice input. First the voice input is recognized as text. The recognized text will be converted into C program by using syntactic constructs of the C language. After conversion, C program will be fetched as input to the IDE. Furthermore, the IDE commands like open, save, close, compile, run are also given through voice input only. If any error occurs during the compilation process, the error is corrected through voice input only. The errors can be corrected by specifying the line number through voice input. Performance of the speech recognition system is analyzed by varying the vocabulary size as well as number of mixture components in HMM.展开更多
This paper analyzes the characteristics of water environmental planning in New Zone for EconomicTechnological Development (NZETD) in China and presents the task, procedure and method of the planning study Based on the...This paper analyzes the characteristics of water environmental planning in New Zone for EconomicTechnological Development (NZETD) in China and presents the task, procedure and method of the planning study Based on these analyses, the concept of Water Environmental Support Capacity (WESC) is put forward and the corresponding quantitative method is proposed to achieve the objective of coordinating the relationship between water environment and economic development As a case study, a comprehensive analysis and integrated water pollution control planning are made for the New Zone of EconomicTechnological Development in Benxi City in China Based on the costbenefit analysis and feasibility study of the planning alternatives, the comprehensive indexes of WESC are calculated and applied to evaluate the water pollution control planning alternatives展开更多
Inferring the fully qualified names(FQNs)of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names(non-FQNs)in partial code is critical for effectively searching,understanding,and reusing partial code.Existin...Inferring the fully qualified names(FQNs)of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names(non-FQNs)in partial code is critical for effectively searching,understanding,and reusing partial code.Existing type inference tools,such as COSTER and SNR,rely on a symbolic knowledge base and adopt a dictionary-lookup strategy to map simple names of undeclared receiving objects and non-FQNs to FQNs.However,building a symbolic knowledge base requires parsing compilable code files,which limits the collection of APIs and code contexts,resulting in out-of-vocabulary(OOV)failures.To overcome the limitations of a symbolic knowledge base for FQN inference,we implemented Ask Me Any Type(AMAT),a type of inference plugin embedded in web browsers and integrated development environment(IDE).Unlike the dictionary-lookup strategy,AMAT uses a cloze-style fill-in-the-blank strategy for type inference.By treating code as text,AMAT leverages a fine-tuned large language model(LLM)as a neural knowledge base,thereby preventing the need for code compilation.Experimental results show that AMAT outperforms state-of-the-art tools such as COSTER and SNR.In practice,developers can directly reuse partial code by inferring the FQNs of unresolved type names in real time.展开更多
Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environm...Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environment, and even political structure. Present development should not damage the environmentbut leave the same or an improved natural resource endowment as a bequest to the future. This is the devel-opment with environmental sustainability. In this paper the characteristics of rural development were reex-amined, and what environmental sustainability means and how to measure it were explicitly presented. Prac-tical approaches for achieving environmental sustainability were also given with some cases from China.展开更多
In Wuhan urban agglomeration （WUA）, the population growth and concentration, the industrial development and urban sprawl have been affecting the environment ftmdamentally. Comparing with Yangtze delta metropolitan r...In Wuhan urban agglomeration （WUA）, the population growth and concentration, the industrial development and urban sprawl have been affecting the environment ftmdamentally. Comparing with Yangtze delta metropolitan region, the level of urbanization and industrialization of WUA has lagged behind for about 10 years; but the problems in environmental protection and rehabilitation are commonly serious. In the future, WUA should avoid unnecessary mistakes and seek a win-win strategy for economy and environment in its large-scale development stage. Based on the analysis of the changing of main environmental pollutants and the coupled curves in past decades, the paper discussed the important links among the urban environmental pollutions, industry growth and urban sprawl in WUA. It is concluded that the integration of economic and environmental policies in urban development is more required and significant at the large urban agglomeration region. Four proactive and long-term strategies need to be adopted to provide prior guidance and better protection for the development of WUA.展开更多
The development of an innova-tion-oriented culture is one of thefive objectives set by the ChineseAcademy of Sciences (CAS) for itsKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP). It falls in line with the call
At the background that existing colleges largely construct campuses,the paper has illustrated the importance,significance and function of college campus environmental landscape design,and factors affecting it.It consi...At the background that existing colleges largely construct campuses,the paper has illustrated the importance,significance and function of college campus environmental landscape design,and factors affecting it.It considers that college campuses tend to be developed into green ecological campus,regional humanistic campus,and knowledge research campus.Finally,by taking the East Lake Campus of Zhejiang A & F University for example,the campus division planning and scientific achievements' application planning have been illustrated.展开更多
Quantitative assessment of development sustainability could be a challenge to regional management and planning, especially for areas facing great risks of water shortage. Surface-water decline and groundwater over-pum...Quantitative assessment of development sustainability could be a challenge to regional management and planning, especially for areas facing great risks of water shortage. Surface-water decline and groundwater over-pumping have caused serious environmental problems and limited economic development in many regions all around the world. In this paper, a framework for quantitatively evaluating development sustainability was established with water-related eco-environmental carrying capacity （EECC） as the core measure. As a case study, the developed approach was applied to data of the Haihe River Basin, China, during 1998 through 2007. The overall sustainable development degree （SDD） is determined to be 0.39, suggesting that this rate of development is not sustainable. Results of scenario analysis revealed that overshoot, or resource over- exploitation, of the Basin＇s EECC is about 20% for both population and economy. Based on conditions in the study area in 2007, in order to achieve sustainable development, i.e., SDD〉0.70 in this study, the EECC could support a population of 108 million and gross domestic product （GDP） of 2.72 trillion CNY. The newly developed approach in quantifying ecoenvironmental carrying capacity is anticipated to facilitate sustainable development oriented resource management in waterdeficient areas.展开更多
In the light of a serious of environmental impact assessment and environmental planning for eco-nomic developing areas in Tianjin, the paper stressed on the significance and task, the principals and lines aswell as ma...In the light of a serious of environmental impact assessment and environmental planning for eco-nomic developing areas in Tianjin, the paper stressed on the significance and task, the principals and lines aswell as major contents of EIA for regional development. In addition, the paper went further into some detailsand practical problems relating to assessment techniques such as the determination of total amount control-ling targets, setting up index systems , optimization of environmental planning programme etc. , of the EIAfor regional development.展开更多
基金Supported by National Social Science Foundation Projec(08BJY126)Youth Program of China Ocean Development Research Center (AOCQN200821)~~
文摘Due to the weakness of island eco-environment and the dependence of tourism development on island environment,it urgently needs to make a study on environmental problems during island tourism development,so as to provide a reference for the sustainable development of island tourism.The paper has concluded Chinese island environmental characteristics,analyzed the current situation of island tourism development and discussed environmental problems during island tourism development.On this basis,it has proposed some suggestions for island tourism environment protection.It should take island eco-environment protection as the premise and complete relevant laws and regulations;take foreign island tourism development as the reference,plan scientifically and build island eco-tourism mode;improve island infrastructures,prevent environmental pollution and protect island tourism environment with the government as the guidance;establish island environment monitoring station and tourism information monitoring station;enhance eco-environment protection education and cultivate responsible tourists and tourism staff;and intensify island supervision and regularize island tourism order.
文摘Taking the scenic area of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou for an example, the quantitative evaluation model of environmental capacity and impact factors limiting sustainable development of scenic area were put forward, and targeted control measures were correspondingly proposed.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50804008and 51374058)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M601321)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities of China(No.N162503003)
文摘Blast furnace （BF） ironmaking is dominant for reducing pollution emission and energy consumption in iron and steel industry, Under the increasingly strict environmental pressure, some innovative tech nologies of BF ironmaking for environmental protection have been developed and applied in actual op- erating facilities. The current state of BF ironmaking in Europe, America, Japan, and China were briefly overviewed. Moreover, some innovative BF ironmaking technologies aiming at environmental harmony and operation intellectualization in the world, such as waste gas recycling sintering, BF op eration with coke oven gas injection, ferro coke, lime coating coke, BF visualization and intellectuali zation, were roundly summarized. Finally, some discussion on the technologies was carried out and the development trends of BF ironmaking were pointed out. The review could provide references and supports for the progress of environment friendly technologies of BF ironmaking, thereby promoting their practical applications and achieving sustainable development of BF ironmaking, especially for Chinese ironmaking industry.
文摘This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication （16th DIPCON）, which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus on the diffuse pollution problems encountered in the development process.
基金supported by School of Social and Environmental Development,National Institute of Development Administration,Bangkok,Thailand[grant date:8 August 2012]
文摘Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) standard growth with infinite supply of factors,(2) finite land supply,(3) fixed use of agricultural chemicals,and(4) combined finite land supply with fixed use of agricultural chemicals.The computable projections suggest that the economic cost of hypothetical environmental control in agriculture is small and further weakened by urbanization.The computed structural development points to efficiency improvements specific to sectors to return the economy to balanced growth.
文摘This paper is part of a research into the Latin American thinking on international affairs and a continuation of a line of work on Latin American contributions to the environmental discussion installed in the global political agenda in the early 70s. The premise was that Latin American contributions were initially made by professionals closely related to ECLAC, UNEP and the Bariloche Foundation. These professionals and agencies understood how poverty and backwardness were endured by the majority of the regional and world’s population was one of the main causes of environmental degradation;consequently, overcoming the environmental crisis meant that underdevelopment should be eradicated without delay. This view of the environmental problems was synthesized in the combined concept of “environment and development”, which was also understood in the region as “eco development”. Finally, the broad phenomenon they wanted to describe using the terms “environment and development” was summarized in the concept of sustainable development as defined in the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development report “Our Common Future”.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.51234003)
文摘Chinese steel industry has made significant progress on reducing fresh water consumption and CO_2/SO_2/COD（ chemical oxygen demand） /dust emissions,and improving comprehensive utilization of solid waste. Some steel companies have become topped worldwide. However,due to the large output quantity of crude steel,the whole steel industry is still a huge source of pollutants. At present,environmental protection standards are encountering challenges of lack of technical support,taxation policy and other issues. Steel industry is currently facing enormous environmental pressure. The development trends of environmental protection technologies were studied by summarizing different development stages. To realize the development targets,the industry needs to carry out its research with independent intellectual property rights,develop comprehensive management systems and establish ecological chain with other industries. This can not only raise the level of environmental protection in a broader range,but also improve the energy efficiency of iron and steel plants and increase added value of waste utilization. Finally,23 environmental protection technologies were proposed and 4 new environmental protection practices were studied.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Educational Commission of Jilin Province,China(2010-11)
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the relationship between environmental tax and sustainable development in China. E Method From the aspects of economic growth, development mode, environmental consciousness of national people, equity and efficiency, we analyzed the relationship between environmental tax and sustainable development in China, then studied the current taxation systems aiming at sustainable devel- opment. [ Result] In China, the design idea of present taxation system is not suitable for sustainable development, and a complete and scientific environmental tax system has not been established. Environmental tax indicates fairness principle, promotes equal competition and economic struc- ture adjustment, and enhances the environmental consciousness of national people. [ Conclusion] Environmental tax is not only an important sys- tem guarantee for the implementation of scientific development concept and circular economy, but also an effective method for governments to pro- tect environment and realize sustainable development.
文摘There is an increasing concern about agriculture’s role in polluting the environment which makes farmers feel guilty about using fertilizers. Fertigation is proposed as a panacea to this dilemma, which by this practice reaffirms the principles of 4Rs which are the right source, at the right rate, right time and right place. The aim of this study was to explore constraints and opportunities for its application in developing countries for environmentally friendly fertilizers application. It is a review of literature from government reports, legislature and published material on fertilization and irrigation initiatives of developing countries which include Rwanda, Nepal, Suriname, Zambia, Panama, Tanzania, Sri Lanka and South Sudan in addition to the case presented of China during the “2016 Environmentally Friendly Fertilizer Production, Application and Demonstration from Developing Countries” training course. The study found that in developing countries there is potential to apply fertigation as a way of environmentally friendly fertilizers application as it has been adopted in China. These opportunities include the following: Abundant natural resources like land and water, less polluted environment, conducive agricultural policies, zero duties levied on imported irrigation equipment. However, a number of limitations also are highlighted including: Lack of investment, lack of infrastructure, lack of information, requires expertise on plant nutrition and management of fertigation system, require soil analysis and proper interpretation which is done by experts. This study provides relevant information for fertigation planning and application in respective developing countries.
文摘This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C program. This paper proposes a technique to facilitate the visually impaired people or the person with arm injuries with excellent programming skills that can code the C program through voice input. The proposed system accepts the C program as voice input and produces compiled C program as output. The user should utter each line of the C program through voice input. First the voice input is recognized as text. The recognized text will be converted into C program by using syntactic constructs of the C language. After conversion, C program will be fetched as input to the IDE. Furthermore, the IDE commands like open, save, close, compile, run are also given through voice input only. If any error occurs during the compilation process, the error is corrected through voice input only. The errors can be corrected by specifying the line number through voice input. Performance of the speech recognition system is analyzed by varying the vocabulary size as well as number of mixture components in HMM.
文摘This paper analyzes the characteristics of water environmental planning in New Zone for EconomicTechnological Development (NZETD) in China and presents the task, procedure and method of the planning study Based on these analyses, the concept of Water Environmental Support Capacity (WESC) is put forward and the corresponding quantitative method is proposed to achieve the objective of coordinating the relationship between water environment and economic development As a case study, a comprehensive analysis and integrated water pollution control planning are made for the New Zone of EconomicTechnological Development in Benxi City in China Based on the costbenefit analysis and feasibility study of the planning alternatives, the comprehensive indexes of WESC are calculated and applied to evaluate the water pollution control planning alternatives
基金Supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(GJJ2200303)the National Social Science Foundation Major Bidding Project(20&ZD068)。
文摘Inferring the fully qualified names(FQNs)of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names(non-FQNs)in partial code is critical for effectively searching,understanding,and reusing partial code.Existing type inference tools,such as COSTER and SNR,rely on a symbolic knowledge base and adopt a dictionary-lookup strategy to map simple names of undeclared receiving objects and non-FQNs to FQNs.However,building a symbolic knowledge base requires parsing compilable code files,which limits the collection of APIs and code contexts,resulting in out-of-vocabulary(OOV)failures.To overcome the limitations of a symbolic knowledge base for FQN inference,we implemented Ask Me Any Type(AMAT),a type of inference plugin embedded in web browsers and integrated development environment(IDE).Unlike the dictionary-lookup strategy,AMAT uses a cloze-style fill-in-the-blank strategy for type inference.By treating code as text,AMAT leverages a fine-tuned large language model(LLM)as a neural knowledge base,thereby preventing the need for code compilation.Experimental results show that AMAT outperforms state-of-the-art tools such as COSTER and SNR.In practice,developers can directly reuse partial code by inferring the FQNs of unresolved type names in real time.
文摘Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environment, and even political structure. Present development should not damage the environmentbut leave the same or an improved natural resource endowment as a bequest to the future. This is the devel-opment with environmental sustainability. In this paper the characteristics of rural development were reex-amined, and what environmental sustainability means and how to measure it were explicitly presented. Prac-tical approaches for achieving environmental sustainability were also given with some cases from China.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40225004 40335049)
文摘In Wuhan urban agglomeration （WUA）, the population growth and concentration, the industrial development and urban sprawl have been affecting the environment ftmdamentally. Comparing with Yangtze delta metropolitan region, the level of urbanization and industrialization of WUA has lagged behind for about 10 years; but the problems in environmental protection and rehabilitation are commonly serious. In the future, WUA should avoid unnecessary mistakes and seek a win-win strategy for economy and environment in its large-scale development stage. Based on the analysis of the changing of main environmental pollutants and the coupled curves in past decades, the paper discussed the important links among the urban environmental pollutions, industry growth and urban sprawl in WUA. It is concluded that the integration of economic and environmental policies in urban development is more required and significant at the large urban agglomeration region. Four proactive and long-term strategies need to be adopted to provide prior guidance and better protection for the development of WUA.
文摘The development of an innova-tion-oriented culture is one of thefive objectives set by the ChineseAcademy of Sciences (CAS) for itsKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP). It falls in line with the call
文摘At the background that existing colleges largely construct campuses,the paper has illustrated the importance,significance and function of college campus environmental landscape design,and factors affecting it.It considers that college campuses tend to be developed into green ecological campus,regional humanistic campus,and knowledge research campus.Finally,by taking the East Lake Campus of Zhejiang A & F University for example,the campus division planning and scientific achievements' application planning have been illustrated.
基金funding support from the Key Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Kzcx2-yw-126)the Key Technology R&D Program of China(2006BAB14B07)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(40730632,40701027)
文摘Quantitative assessment of development sustainability could be a challenge to regional management and planning, especially for areas facing great risks of water shortage. Surface-water decline and groundwater over-pumping have caused serious environmental problems and limited economic development in many regions all around the world. In this paper, a framework for quantitatively evaluating development sustainability was established with water-related eco-environmental carrying capacity （EECC） as the core measure. As a case study, the developed approach was applied to data of the Haihe River Basin, China, during 1998 through 2007. The overall sustainable development degree （SDD） is determined to be 0.39, suggesting that this rate of development is not sustainable. Results of scenario analysis revealed that overshoot, or resource over- exploitation, of the Basin＇s EECC is about 20% for both population and economy. Based on conditions in the study area in 2007, in order to achieve sustainable development, i.e., SDD〉0.70 in this study, the EECC could support a population of 108 million and gross domestic product （GDP） of 2.72 trillion CNY. The newly developed approach in quantifying ecoenvironmental carrying capacity is anticipated to facilitate sustainable development oriented resource management in waterdeficient areas.
文摘In the light of a serious of environmental impact assessment and environmental planning for eco-nomic developing areas in Tianjin, the paper stressed on the significance and task, the principals and lines aswell as major contents of EIA for regional development. In addition, the paper went further into some detailsand practical problems relating to assessment techniques such as the determination of total amount control-ling targets, setting up index systems , optimization of environmental planning programme etc. , of the EIAfor regional development.
