Tomato is one of the most essential vegetable crops worldwide,with the highest annual production rate of all agricultural staples(Kimura and Sinha,2008).Long-term domestication of tomatoes has led to the selection of ...Tomato is one of the most essential vegetable crops worldwide,with the highest annual production rate of all agricultural staples(Kimura and Sinha,2008).Long-term domestication of tomatoes has led to the selection of favorable agronomic traits that often come at the expense of stress resistance.To identify potential genetic targets for improved stress tolerance,whole-genome sequencing(WGS)has been applied to wild and cultivated accessions.展开更多
The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it i...The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it is considered the static determinate truss, scheme of which is obtained after remove the suitable number of members from the basic static indeterminate truss. The both intermediate statically determinate trusses are of the same clear span and they are loaded by forces of half values applied to the corresponding truss nodes. The method applies one of the typical procedures of calculation of the statically determinate trusses and then it is applied in an appropriate way the rule of superposition for obtaining the final values of forces acting in particular members of the basic truss. The values of forces calculated in this way are of a very close approximation to the force values determined in the special and complex ways being considered as the exact calculation methods. The proposed method can be useful mostly but not only for the initial structural design of such systems. The simplicity of the two-stage method justifies an assumption that it can be relatively easy and worthy to adjust to the requirements of the computer aided technology of statically calculation of the complex forms of trusses.展开更多
This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is t...This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is to set up a modified RDP test method to improve the current ASTM C1550 test method for FRC and fibre reinforced shotcrete （FRS） composite. By this test method, light small-diameter panels are applied and more crack information can be obtained by a new rotation angle measuring technique. It is shown that this modified test method can be used to effectively evaluate the crack opening resistance of FRC. The finite element analysis was then performed to clarify the crack propaga- tions and failure mode of FRC RDP panels. It helps establish a reasonable theoretical method to predict the structural response of RDP. combining with this modified testing technioue.展开更多
The paper considers new approaches to system analysis of natural phenomena in physics, chemistry and bi- ology. It lays the foundation of the homeostatic determinate systems theory that allows revealing the mecha- nis...The paper considers new approaches to system analysis of natural phenomena in physics, chemistry and bi- ology. It lays the foundation of the homeostatic determinate systems theory that allows revealing the mecha- nism by which the basic principle of natural science, determinism, is being realized. Evolution of the mate- rial world is represented as inevitable and continuous growth of orderliness (negentropy) based on transition from one type of determinate systems to another. Increasing negentropy is shown to be closely associated with continuous accumulation of information, which determines the natural diversity in physics, chemistry and biology.展开更多
Based on a model of two stress tensors possessing high fluidity, a statically determinate system of partial difference equations of equilibrium has been derived for use to particulate media...Based on a model of two stress tensors possessing high fluidity, a statically determinate system of partial difference equations of equilibrium has been derived for use to particulate media of such nature. Through non dimensionalization of independent and dependent variables, the system passes into that of partial differential equations. Although the statically determinate system of partial differential equations is non linear, yet the two dimensional one falls apart into three separate groups which can be solved easily one after another.展开更多
For the first time, a comparative analysis of the structure of the apical meristem and the node of the main shoot of two forms of the indeterminate kind Namangan-77 and the determinant line of Determinant-2 and Determ...For the first time, a comparative analysis of the structure of the apical meristem and the node of the main shoot of two forms of the indeterminate kind Namangan-77 and the determinant line of Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 of G. hirsutum in the kidney ding phase was carried out. In the apical meristem of the indeterminate form Namangan-77 is characterized by the recessive homozygous state of the mutant gene (inlinl) and the dominant homozygous, heterozygous state of the fruiting branch gene S-s: inlinlSS, inlinlSs, inlinlss—more pronounced vegetative, vegetative, with this, this form is predominated by the continuation of first-order shoots and the monopodial branching type with unlimited apical growth, accompanied by a uniform elongation of the internodes. In the apical meristem, in the forms of the determinant lines, Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 are characterized by the dominant homozygous state of the mutant gene (InlInl) and the recessive homozygous state of the allelic gene (ss)—InlInlss—there is a generative collateral kidney in the axillary leaf axial sinus, which is why these forms of the vegetative apex of the shoot when they transit to the reproductive state turn into a floral apical meristem and a sympodial branching type what happens through the development of inflorescences. Obviously, this is a consequence of a change in the phytohormonal status in the apical part of the stem as a result of the interaction of the mutant gene Inl and gene S. The node of the main stem in all forms was also studied, and a three-beam-three-lacuna type of structure was revealed, which is a fairly persistent characterizing feature of large taxa and can be used in their taxonomy.展开更多
Studies showed that exclusive breast feeding reduced infant morbidity and mortality. In low income countries such as Ethiopia where under-five mortality is very high, the role of exclusively breastfeeding could be eve...Studies showed that exclusive breast feeding reduced infant morbidity and mortality. In low income countries such as Ethiopia where under-five mortality is very high, the role of exclusively breastfeeding could be even more critical. However, studies assessing the place of exclusive breast freeing in the prevention of childhood illnesses in our area are scarce. The aim of the study was to identify determinant factors of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. An institution based case control study was conducted in Achefer District in July, 2012. The cases were 122 children of 7 - 24 months old who had repeated attack of diarrhoea or pneumonia over three months prior to the survey while controls were 122 children who visited well baby clinic for vaccination. Data were collected by using pre-tested and structured questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 16 for windows. Logistic regression was performed, and strength of associations was estimated using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. About 83% of the controls and only 12.3% of the cases were exclusively breast fed. Children who were exclusively breast fed were 83 times less likely to develop pneumonia or diarrhea than those who were not exclusively fed. Marital status, monthly income, prelacteal feeding, and late initiation of breast feeding were found to have statistically significant association with childhood diarrhea and pneumonia. This study brought local evidence that exclusive breast feeding had a protective effect against common childhood infectious diseases—pneumonia and diarrhoea—in the study area. Therefore, culture sensitive and plausible health education is recommended to strengthen exclusive breast feeding practices in order to decrease mortality and morbidity of infants and children from pneumonia and diarrhoea.展开更多
Although inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) retains high sensitivity and has been intensively used for the measurement of ^(99)Tc, it usually suffers from tedious, expensive, and timeconsuming sample...Although inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) retains high sensitivity and has been intensively used for the measurement of ^(99)Tc, it usually suffers from tedious, expensive, and timeconsuming sample pretreatments due to the isobaric interferences from ^(99)Ru and ^(98)Mo^(1)H. Herein, capillary electrophoresis(CE) was applied as sample introduction system for the sensitive, and interferencefree determination of ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from RuO_(4)^(-), and MoO_(4)^(2-) by ICP-MS with a simple sample treatment. Compared to the conventional methods, the hyphenated CE-ICP-MS avoids the use of expensive separation resins and reduces the consumption of mineral acid, representing a simpler, more efficient and environmentally benign approach. Moreover, the proposed method exhibits higher accuracy compared with the mathematical correction method using the natural isotope ratio of ^(99)Ru and ^(101)Ru, and significantly reduces sample consumption and the amount of waste, thus remarkably alleviating the radioactive exposure to operators and the pressure of radioactive waste treatment. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 25 μg/L and 0.06 μg/L were obtained for RuO_(4)^(-) and ReO_(4)^(-)(Tc was replaced by Re), respectively, with relative standard deviation(RSD) lower than 5%. In addition, efficient recoveries of RuO_(4)^(-),ReO_(4)^(-),and ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from simulated Hanford site groundwater were achieved. The method is expected to be a promising candidate for sensitive and accurate analysis of ^(99)Tc from contaminated environmental samples.展开更多
The reaction rate constant is a crucial kinetic parameter that governs the charge and discharge performance of batteries,particularly in high-rate and thick-electrode applications.However,conventional estimation or fi...The reaction rate constant is a crucial kinetic parameter that governs the charge and discharge performance of batteries,particularly in high-rate and thick-electrode applications.However,conventional estimation or fitting methods often overestimate the charge transfer overpotential,leading to substantial errors in reaction rate constant measurements.These inaccuracies hinder the accurate prediction of voltage profiles and overall cell performance.In this study,we propose the characteristic time-decomposed overpotential(CTDO)method,which employs a single-layer particle electrode(SLPE)structure to eliminate interference overpotentials.By leveraging the distribution of relaxation times(DRT),our method effectively isolates the characteristic time of the charge transfer process,enabling a more precise determination of the reaction rate constant.Simulation results indicate that our approach reduces measurement errors to below 2%,closely aligning with theoretical values.Furthermore,experimental validation demonstrates an 80% reduction in error compared to the conventional galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)method.Overall,this study provides a novel voltage-based approach for determining the reaction rate constant,enhancing the applicability of theoretical analysis in electrode structural design and facilitating rapid battery optimization.展开更多
The Internet of Things(IoT)has orchestrated various domains in numerous applications,contributing significantly to the growth of the smart world,even in regions with low literacy rates,boosting socio-economic developm...The Internet of Things(IoT)has orchestrated various domains in numerous applications,contributing significantly to the growth of the smart world,even in regions with low literacy rates,boosting socio-economic development.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing wireless communication,paving the way for a more connected and productive future in the mining industry.The IoT revolution is advancing across industries,but harsh geometric environments,including open-pit mines,pose unique challenges for reliable communication.The advent of IoT in the mining industry has significantly improved communication for critical operations through the use of Radio Frequency(RF)protocols such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,GSM/GPRS,Narrow Band(NB)-IoT,SigFox,ZigBee,and Long Range Wireless Area Network(LoRaWAN).This study addresses the optimization of network implementations by comparing two leading free-spreading IoT-based RF protocols such as ZigBee and LoRaWAN.Intensive field tests are conducted in various opencast mines to investigate coverage potential and signal attenuation.ZigBee is tested in the Tadicherla open-cast coal mine in India.Similarly,LoRaWAN field tests are conducted at one of the associated cement companies(ACC)in the limestone mine in Bargarh,India,covering both Indoor-toOutdoor(I2O)and Outdoor-to-Outdoor(O2O)environments.A robust framework of path-loss models,referred to as Free space,Egli,Okumura-Hata,Cost231-Hata and Ericsson models,combined with key performance metrics,is employed to evaluate the patterns of signal attenuation.Extensive field testing and careful data analysis revealed that the Egli model is the most consistent path-loss model for the ZigBee protocol in an I2O environment,with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.907,balanced error metrics such as Normalized Root Mean Square Error(NRMSE)of 0.030,Mean Square Error(MSE)of 4.950,Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)of 0.249 and Scatter Index(SI)of 2.723.In the O2O scenario,the Ericsson model showed superior performance,with the highest R^(2)value of 0.959,supported by strong correlation metrics:NRMSE of 0.026,MSE of 8.685,MAPE of 0.685,Mean Absolute Deviation(MAD)of 20.839 and SI of 2.194.For the LoRaWAN protocol,the Cost-231 model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.921 in the I2O scenario,complemented by the lowest metrics:NRMSE of 0.018,MSE of 1.324,MAPE of 0.217,MAD of 9.218 and SI of 1.238.In the O2O environment,the Okumura-Hata model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.978,indicating a strong fit with metrics NRMSE of 0.047,MSE of 27.807,MAPE of 27.494,MAD of 37.287 and SI of 3.927.This advancement in reliable communication networks promises to transform the opencast landscape into networked signal attenuation.These results support decision-making for mining needs and ensure reliable communications even in the face of formidable obstacles.展开更多
AlphaPanda(AlphaFold2[1]inspired protein-specific antibody design in a diffusional manner)is an advanced algorithm for designing complementary determining regions(CDRs)of the antibody targeted the specific epitope,com...AlphaPanda(AlphaFold2[1]inspired protein-specific antibody design in a diffusional manner)is an advanced algorithm for designing complementary determining regions(CDRs)of the antibody targeted the specific epitope,combining transformer[2]models,3DCNN[3],and diffusion[4]generative models.展开更多
Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants,especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accel-erating the Fe2+regeneration.Nevertheles...Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants,especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accel-erating the Fe2+regeneration.Nevertheless,these works predominantly centered on the formation and utilization of hydroxyl radicals(•OH)in the process,neglecting the evolution of oxidant and reductant due to the difficulty in the simultaneous determination of these two components.By employing the quenching-iodometric method,we could simultaneously determine the concentrations of HSO_(3)-and peroxydisulfate(PDS).This method first employed an excess of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to effectively quench HSO_(3)-,and then used the iodometric spectrophotometry to simultaneously determine the concentrations of PMS and PDS in the reaction system.Finally,through precise stoichiometric relationships,we could accurately calculate the concentration of HSO_(3)-.Based on this method,we achieved concentration measurements that,upon linear fitting,yielded a correlation coefficient(R^(2))surpassing 0.99,unequivocally affirming the method’s accuracy and trustworthiness.In this work,an innovation approach for determining the concentrations of HSO_(3)-(reductant)and PDS(oxidant)was explored.Additionally,the resilience of the method was verified across different pH levels and in the presence of diverse impurity ions.The results ensured precise concentration measure-ments in the real wastewater.This method was characterized by its simplicity,rapid analysis,and environmental friendliness,offering a newanalytical strategy for the determination of PDS and HSO_(3)-in environmental samples.The method enables more meticulous monitoring of chemical usage in water treatment,facilitating optimized dosing strategies and assessments of reductant-enhanced Fenton or Fenton-like system in water purification.展开更多
In paleoseismic research,defining the age of an event is relatively straightforward,but pinpointing its magnitude with precision is challenging.This difficulty primarily arises because physical parameters,such as rupt...In paleoseismic research,defining the age of an event is relatively straightforward,but pinpointing its magnitude with precision is challenging.This difficulty primarily arises because physical parameters,such as rupture area and displacement,which are intimately linked to the seismic moment,are hard to derive from paleoseismic studies.Our preceding study identified two earthquake sites in Huoshan and Guzhen,Anhui Province.While we qualitatively described the timing of these occurrences and the characteristics of sand veins,dislocations,and earthquake-induced cracks,we did not provide quantitative estimates of their magnitude or seismogenic faults.Consequently,these findings were insufficient for assessing regional seismic risks or determining the potential magnitude of specific faults.This study employs two empirical relationships:one between the farthest distribution distance based on liquefaction from earthquake-induced events and magnitude,and the other concerning the intensityepicenter distance-magnitude relationship.Through these relationships,we analyze the sandy soil liquefaction and earthquake-induced cracks quantitatively.The analysis includes magnitude estimation and seismogenic fault evaluation for the sandy soil liquefaction and crack remnants of the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake,as well as the dislocation and crack remnants of the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake.The findings indicate that the Huoshan Daijiayuan site records two paleoseismic events.The first event transpired after 850 BC,and the second after 550 BC,with a gap of approximately 300 years between them;both had a seismic magnitude(M_(S))of around 6.0.The likely seismogenic fault for the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake is the Luoerling-Tudiling fault.Meanwhile,the paleoseismic site in Guzhen Gaixia documents two seismic events occurring during 2350-2050 BC,both with a seismic magnitude(MS)of approximately 6½.The Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is likely the seismogenic fault associated with the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake site.展开更多
Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common, bothersome and relatively under diagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its determin...Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common, bothersome and relatively under diagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out in the Diabetology Units of the Buea and Limbe Regional Hospitals involving 332 male patients with diabetes and aged over 21 years. Data was analyzed using Stata and R version 3.5.3. Results: The mean age of the participants was 55years. Most participants (64.46%) were married. About half (50.60%) of the participants actively consumed alcohol, 11.45% were smokers and 57.83% were sedentary. 18 participants (5.42%) recorded high risk sexual behaviour. 54.32% of participants had a comorbidity and 43.90% were overweight. The prevalence of diabetic ED was 78.92%. Age, Fasting Blood Sugar and Glycated hemoglobin were found to be positive determinants of diabetic ED (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77, 95% CI −0.1 - 0.07). Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetic ED in this hospital population study is high, and both physician and patient—initiated measures are needed to reduce this prevalence and improve awareness, recognition and care of this condition.展开更多
Objectives:Schizophrenia is a profoundly stigmatized mental health condition,characterized by misconceptions that affect societal attitudes,policy development,and the lived experiences of individuals with the conditio...Objectives:Schizophrenia is a profoundly stigmatized mental health condition,characterized by misconceptions that affect societal attitudes,policy development,and the lived experiences of individuals with the condition.This study aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma towards schizophrenia,while exploring how demographic factors influence such attitudes.Methods:Drawing on an extensive literature review and consultations,the study identified five domains of stigma:Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery.Using a two-phase methodology,a preliminary 38-itemscale was administered to 729 participants from the general Spanish population,refining the measure through descriptive and exploratory factor analysis.Subsequently,a revised 34-item scale was validated through confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 417 participants.Results:The final model showed good fit(RMSEA=0.056,CFI=0.938,TLI=0.933)and strong internal consistency(α=0.73–0.86).Findings revealed that stigma was most pronounced in the domain of Autonomy(Mean=2.83,SD=0.91),reflecting pervasive doubts about individuals’ability to live independently and achieve meaningful integration into society.Stigma varied significantly across demographic variables,with higher levels reported among men,older individuals,married participants,and those outside health professions(p<0.01).Conversely,healthcare professionals,younger individuals,and those familiar with someone with schizophrenia generally reported less stigma(p<0.01).Conclusion:This study developed and validated a robust multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma toward schizophrenia.The five-factor model—Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery—was empirically supported.Autonomy and Recovery emerged as themost stigmatized domains across the Spanish general population.The scale demonstrated strong psychometric properties and effectively captured stigma patterns linked to key sociodemographic variables.展开更多
1 Martin Hibbert was a survivor of a serious accident.During the incident,Martin's spine(脊柱)was seriously hurt but he was fortunate to be alive.Despite this spinal cord injury(SCI),Martin was determined to turn ...1 Martin Hibbert was a survivor of a serious accident.During the incident,Martin's spine(脊柱)was seriously hurt but he was fortunate to be alive.Despite this spinal cord injury(SCI),Martin was determined to turn tragedy into something good.展开更多
Objective:A TLCS method was established for the determination of the content of Shenbei Beigua ointment,and the product quality of six samples from two formulations was evaluated.Methods:The determination method was t...Objective:A TLCS method was established for the determination of the content of Shenbei Beigua ointment,and the product quality of six samples from two formulations was evaluated.Methods:The determination method was thin-layer chromatography scanning(TLCS),using a developing solvent composed of ethyl acetate–methanol–strong ammonia water(17:2:1).The plates were heated at 105°C for 5 minutes,then sprayed with a mixture of dilute bismuth potassium iodide and 1%ferric chloride in ethanol(10:1),and scanned at a wavelength of 500 nm.Results:Peimine showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.21–2.1μg with a correlation coefficient of r=0.9997,and Peiminine also exhibited good linearity in the same range with r=0.9995.The accuracy was≥95.0%,and the relative standard deviation(RSD)was≤5.0%(n=6).Conclusion:This method allows for the simultaneous determination of peimine and peiminine,providing a reliable reference for the quality control of the product.展开更多
Objective Data on homocysteine(Hcy) status and its determinants are limited among women during pregnancy and postpartum. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate Hcy levels during pregnancy and postpartum, and ...Objective Data on homocysteine(Hcy) status and its determinants are limited among women during pregnancy and postpartum. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate Hcy levels during pregnancy and postpartum, and to explore the determinants like geographic factor.Methods This study was conducted in women at mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy and postpartum from southern, central and northern China. Approximately 132 women were included in each stratum by the three phases and regions. Plasma Hcy concentrations were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), with hyperhomocysteinemia defined as > 10.0 μmol/L. Quantile regression was to estimate medians and interquartile ranges(IQRs), and logistic regression to examine the determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia.Results For 1,190 women included, the median(IQR) Hcy concentration was 5.66(4.62, 7.37) μmol/L.The adjusted median in mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy and postpartum women was 4.75(4.13, 5.54),5.72(4.81, 6.85) and 7.09(5.65, 8.75) μmol/L, respectively, showing an increasing trend(P < 0.001). This increasing trend persisted across the three regions. Higher Hcy concentrations were observed in women residing in northern region and those with younger age or lower economic status. A total of 106(8.9%)women had hyperhomocysteinemia, with a higher prevalence in those residing in northern region(16.0%), or in postpartum women(16.5%).Conclusion Hcy levels, varying with geographic region, maternal age and economic status, are increased from mid-pregnancy to late-pregnancy and postpartum, indicating a need to monitor Hcy levels in pregnant and postpartum women to control potential risks related to elevated Hcy levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sepsis and septic shock pose critical public health challenges with high mortality,particularly in critical care.While racial differences in sepsis incidence are documented,the impact of race on sepsis outc...BACKGROUND Sepsis and septic shock pose critical public health challenges with high mortality,particularly in critical care.While racial differences in sepsis incidence are documented,the impact of race on sepsis outcomes remains inconsistent.AIM To evaluate racial disparities in clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized with septic shock,focusing on in-hospital mortality,length of stay(LOS),and hospitalization costs.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2021.Patients diagnosed with septic shock were identified using ICD-10 code R65.21.The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality;secondary outcomes included trends in septic shock hospitalizations,mortality,length of stay,and cost of hospitalizations.RESULTS Among 3581504 hospitalizations for septic shock,the racial distribution was 67%Non-Hispanic White(NHW),15%Non-Hispanic Black(NHB),11%Hispanic,and 7%other groups,with a mean age of 66.3 years.In-hospital mortality was 33.6%,highest among other racial groups(36.7%).Mortality was stable across racial groups from 2016-2019 but rose sharply in 2020-2021,especially among Hispanic patients.Adjusted in-hospital mortality were higher for NHB and Hispanic compared to NHW patients.NHB patients had the longest LOS,while other racial groups incurred the highest cost of hospitalizations.CONCLUSION We found higher mortality among NHB,Hispanic,and other racial groups in septic shock patients,likely driven by higher risk of in-hospital complications among these racial groups.This highlights the need for future research to identify the factors contributing to the adverse outcomes in these populations.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program(2021-02-08-00-12-F00792)Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC(3201101910).
文摘Tomato is one of the most essential vegetable crops worldwide,with the highest annual production rate of all agricultural staples(Kimura and Sinha,2008).Long-term domestication of tomatoes has led to the selection of favorable agronomic traits that often come at the expense of stress resistance.To identify potential genetic targets for improved stress tolerance,whole-genome sequencing(WGS)has been applied to wild and cultivated accessions.
文摘The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it is considered the static determinate truss, scheme of which is obtained after remove the suitable number of members from the basic static indeterminate truss. The both intermediate statically determinate trusses are of the same clear span and they are loaded by forces of half values applied to the corresponding truss nodes. The method applies one of the typical procedures of calculation of the statically determinate trusses and then it is applied in an appropriate way the rule of superposition for obtaining the final values of forces acting in particular members of the basic truss. The values of forces calculated in this way are of a very close approximation to the force values determined in the special and complex ways being considered as the exact calculation methods. The proposed method can be useful mostly but not only for the initial structural design of such systems. The simplicity of the two-stage method justifies an assumption that it can be relatively easy and worthy to adjust to the requirements of the computer aided technology of statically calculation of the complex forms of trusses.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50708084)Wuhan Chenguang Science and Technology Project for Young Experts (20035002016-30)
文摘This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is to set up a modified RDP test method to improve the current ASTM C1550 test method for FRC and fibre reinforced shotcrete （FRS） composite. By this test method, light small-diameter panels are applied and more crack information can be obtained by a new rotation angle measuring technique. It is shown that this modified test method can be used to effectively evaluate the crack opening resistance of FRC. The finite element analysis was then performed to clarify the crack propaga- tions and failure mode of FRC RDP panels. It helps establish a reasonable theoretical method to predict the structural response of RDP. combining with this modified testing technioue.
文摘The paper considers new approaches to system analysis of natural phenomena in physics, chemistry and bi- ology. It lays the foundation of the homeostatic determinate systems theory that allows revealing the mecha- nism by which the basic principle of natural science, determinism, is being realized. Evolution of the mate- rial world is represented as inevitable and continuous growth of orderliness (negentropy) based on transition from one type of determinate systems to another. Increasing negentropy is shown to be closely associated with continuous accumulation of information, which determines the natural diversity in physics, chemistry and biology.
文摘Based on a model of two stress tensors possessing high fluidity, a statically determinate system of partial difference equations of equilibrium has been derived for use to particulate media of such nature. Through non dimensionalization of independent and dependent variables, the system passes into that of partial differential equations. Although the statically determinate system of partial differential equations is non linear, yet the two dimensional one falls apart into three separate groups which can be solved easily one after another.
文摘For the first time, a comparative analysis of the structure of the apical meristem and the node of the main shoot of two forms of the indeterminate kind Namangan-77 and the determinant line of Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 of G. hirsutum in the kidney ding phase was carried out. In the apical meristem of the indeterminate form Namangan-77 is characterized by the recessive homozygous state of the mutant gene (inlinl) and the dominant homozygous, heterozygous state of the fruiting branch gene S-s: inlinlSS, inlinlSs, inlinlss—more pronounced vegetative, vegetative, with this, this form is predominated by the continuation of first-order shoots and the monopodial branching type with unlimited apical growth, accompanied by a uniform elongation of the internodes. In the apical meristem, in the forms of the determinant lines, Determinant-2 and Determinant-3 are characterized by the dominant homozygous state of the mutant gene (InlInl) and the recessive homozygous state of the allelic gene (ss)—InlInlss—there is a generative collateral kidney in the axillary leaf axial sinus, which is why these forms of the vegetative apex of the shoot when they transit to the reproductive state turn into a floral apical meristem and a sympodial branching type what happens through the development of inflorescences. Obviously, this is a consequence of a change in the phytohormonal status in the apical part of the stem as a result of the interaction of the mutant gene Inl and gene S. The node of the main stem in all forms was also studied, and a three-beam-three-lacuna type of structure was revealed, which is a fairly persistent characterizing feature of large taxa and can be used in their taxonomy.
文摘Studies showed that exclusive breast feeding reduced infant morbidity and mortality. In low income countries such as Ethiopia where under-five mortality is very high, the role of exclusively breastfeeding could be even more critical. However, studies assessing the place of exclusive breast freeing in the prevention of childhood illnesses in our area are scarce. The aim of the study was to identify determinant factors of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. An institution based case control study was conducted in Achefer District in July, 2012. The cases were 122 children of 7 - 24 months old who had repeated attack of diarrhoea or pneumonia over three months prior to the survey while controls were 122 children who visited well baby clinic for vaccination. Data were collected by using pre-tested and structured questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 16 for windows. Logistic regression was performed, and strength of associations was estimated using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. About 83% of the controls and only 12.3% of the cases were exclusively breast fed. Children who were exclusively breast fed were 83 times less likely to develop pneumonia or diarrhea than those who were not exclusively fed. Marital status, monthly income, prelacteal feeding, and late initiation of breast feeding were found to have statistically significant association with childhood diarrhea and pneumonia. This study brought local evidence that exclusive breast feeding had a protective effect against common childhood infectious diseases—pneumonia and diarrhoea—in the study area. Therefore, culture sensitive and plausible health education is recommended to strengthen exclusive breast feeding practices in order to decrease mortality and morbidity of infants and children from pneumonia and diarrhoea.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1867205, 21622508, and 21575092)Study on Physical/Chemical Characteristics Related to the Migration of Key Nuclides under Simulated Disposal Conditions (Phase Ⅱ) (Contract No. KGES 2019(170), dated February 21, 2019.) for financial support。
文摘Although inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) retains high sensitivity and has been intensively used for the measurement of ^(99)Tc, it usually suffers from tedious, expensive, and timeconsuming sample pretreatments due to the isobaric interferences from ^(99)Ru and ^(98)Mo^(1)H. Herein, capillary electrophoresis(CE) was applied as sample introduction system for the sensitive, and interferencefree determination of ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from RuO_(4)^(-), and MoO_(4)^(2-) by ICP-MS with a simple sample treatment. Compared to the conventional methods, the hyphenated CE-ICP-MS avoids the use of expensive separation resins and reduces the consumption of mineral acid, representing a simpler, more efficient and environmentally benign approach. Moreover, the proposed method exhibits higher accuracy compared with the mathematical correction method using the natural isotope ratio of ^(99)Ru and ^(101)Ru, and significantly reduces sample consumption and the amount of waste, thus remarkably alleviating the radioactive exposure to operators and the pressure of radioactive waste treatment. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 25 μg/L and 0.06 μg/L were obtained for RuO_(4)^(-) and ReO_(4)^(-)(Tc was replaced by Re), respectively, with relative standard deviation(RSD) lower than 5%. In addition, efficient recoveries of RuO_(4)^(-),ReO_(4)^(-),and ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-) from simulated Hanford site groundwater were achieved. The method is expected to be a promising candidate for sensitive and accurate analysis of ^(99)Tc from contaminated environmental samples.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFB2404300the National Natural Science Foundation of China U22B2069the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2024M761006。
文摘The reaction rate constant is a crucial kinetic parameter that governs the charge and discharge performance of batteries,particularly in high-rate and thick-electrode applications.However,conventional estimation or fitting methods often overestimate the charge transfer overpotential,leading to substantial errors in reaction rate constant measurements.These inaccuracies hinder the accurate prediction of voltage profiles and overall cell performance.In this study,we propose the characteristic time-decomposed overpotential(CTDO)method,which employs a single-layer particle electrode(SLPE)structure to eliminate interference overpotentials.By leveraging the distribution of relaxation times(DRT),our method effectively isolates the characteristic time of the charge transfer process,enabling a more precise determination of the reaction rate constant.Simulation results indicate that our approach reduces measurement errors to below 2%,closely aligning with theoretical values.Furthermore,experimental validation demonstrates an 80% reduction in error compared to the conventional galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)method.Overall,this study provides a novel voltage-based approach for determining the reaction rate constant,enhancing the applicability of theoretical analysis in electrode structural design and facilitating rapid battery optimization.
文摘The Internet of Things(IoT)has orchestrated various domains in numerous applications,contributing significantly to the growth of the smart world,even in regions with low literacy rates,boosting socio-economic development.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing wireless communication,paving the way for a more connected and productive future in the mining industry.The IoT revolution is advancing across industries,but harsh geometric environments,including open-pit mines,pose unique challenges for reliable communication.The advent of IoT in the mining industry has significantly improved communication for critical operations through the use of Radio Frequency(RF)protocols such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,GSM/GPRS,Narrow Band(NB)-IoT,SigFox,ZigBee,and Long Range Wireless Area Network(LoRaWAN).This study addresses the optimization of network implementations by comparing two leading free-spreading IoT-based RF protocols such as ZigBee and LoRaWAN.Intensive field tests are conducted in various opencast mines to investigate coverage potential and signal attenuation.ZigBee is tested in the Tadicherla open-cast coal mine in India.Similarly,LoRaWAN field tests are conducted at one of the associated cement companies(ACC)in the limestone mine in Bargarh,India,covering both Indoor-toOutdoor(I2O)and Outdoor-to-Outdoor(O2O)environments.A robust framework of path-loss models,referred to as Free space,Egli,Okumura-Hata,Cost231-Hata and Ericsson models,combined with key performance metrics,is employed to evaluate the patterns of signal attenuation.Extensive field testing and careful data analysis revealed that the Egli model is the most consistent path-loss model for the ZigBee protocol in an I2O environment,with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.907,balanced error metrics such as Normalized Root Mean Square Error(NRMSE)of 0.030,Mean Square Error(MSE)of 4.950,Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)of 0.249 and Scatter Index(SI)of 2.723.In the O2O scenario,the Ericsson model showed superior performance,with the highest R^(2)value of 0.959,supported by strong correlation metrics:NRMSE of 0.026,MSE of 8.685,MAPE of 0.685,Mean Absolute Deviation(MAD)of 20.839 and SI of 2.194.For the LoRaWAN protocol,the Cost-231 model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.921 in the I2O scenario,complemented by the lowest metrics:NRMSE of 0.018,MSE of 1.324,MAPE of 0.217,MAD of 9.218 and SI of 1.238.In the O2O environment,the Okumura-Hata model achieved the highest R^(2)value of 0.978,indicating a strong fit with metrics NRMSE of 0.047,MSE of 27.807,MAPE of 27.494,MAD of 37.287 and SI of 3.927.This advancement in reliable communication networks promises to transform the opencast landscape into networked signal attenuation.These results support decision-making for mining needs and ensure reliable communications even in the face of formidable obstacles.
基金supported by the Key Project of International Cooperation of Qilu University of Technology(Grant No.:QLUTGJHZ2018008)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Committee,China(Grant No.:ZR2016HB54)Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering(SME).
文摘AlphaPanda(AlphaFold2[1]inspired protein-specific antibody design in a diffusional manner)is an advanced algorithm for designing complementary determining regions(CDRs)of the antibody targeted the specific epitope,combining transformer[2]models,3DCNN[3],and diffusion[4]generative models.
基金supported by National Natural Scienc Foundation of China(No.52400097)the Nanqiang Young Talents Supporting Program from Xiamen University.
文摘Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants,especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accel-erating the Fe2+regeneration.Nevertheless,these works predominantly centered on the formation and utilization of hydroxyl radicals(•OH)in the process,neglecting the evolution of oxidant and reductant due to the difficulty in the simultaneous determination of these two components.By employing the quenching-iodometric method,we could simultaneously determine the concentrations of HSO_(3)-and peroxydisulfate(PDS).This method first employed an excess of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to effectively quench HSO_(3)-,and then used the iodometric spectrophotometry to simultaneously determine the concentrations of PMS and PDS in the reaction system.Finally,through precise stoichiometric relationships,we could accurately calculate the concentration of HSO_(3)-.Based on this method,we achieved concentration measurements that,upon linear fitting,yielded a correlation coefficient(R^(2))surpassing 0.99,unequivocally affirming the method’s accuracy and trustworthiness.In this work,an innovation approach for determining the concentrations of HSO_(3)-(reductant)and PDS(oxidant)was explored.Additionally,the resilience of the method was verified across different pH levels and in the presence of diverse impurity ions.The results ensured precise concentration measure-ments in the real wastewater.This method was characterized by its simplicity,rapid analysis,and environmental friendliness,offering a newanalytical strategy for the determination of PDS and HSO_(3)-in environmental samples.The method enables more meticulous monitoring of chemical usage in water treatment,facilitating optimized dosing strategies and assessments of reductant-enhanced Fenton or Fenton-like system in water purification.
基金supported by the Spark Program of Earthquake Sciences(No.XH23020YA)Joint Open Fund of Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory(No.MEMGO-202411)Hefei government special technology research project(2024BFFFD02048).
文摘In paleoseismic research,defining the age of an event is relatively straightforward,but pinpointing its magnitude with precision is challenging.This difficulty primarily arises because physical parameters,such as rupture area and displacement,which are intimately linked to the seismic moment,are hard to derive from paleoseismic studies.Our preceding study identified two earthquake sites in Huoshan and Guzhen,Anhui Province.While we qualitatively described the timing of these occurrences and the characteristics of sand veins,dislocations,and earthquake-induced cracks,we did not provide quantitative estimates of their magnitude or seismogenic faults.Consequently,these findings were insufficient for assessing regional seismic risks or determining the potential magnitude of specific faults.This study employs two empirical relationships:one between the farthest distribution distance based on liquefaction from earthquake-induced events and magnitude,and the other concerning the intensityepicenter distance-magnitude relationship.Through these relationships,we analyze the sandy soil liquefaction and earthquake-induced cracks quantitatively.The analysis includes magnitude estimation and seismogenic fault evaluation for the sandy soil liquefaction and crack remnants of the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake,as well as the dislocation and crack remnants of the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake.The findings indicate that the Huoshan Daijiayuan site records two paleoseismic events.The first event transpired after 850 BC,and the second after 550 BC,with a gap of approximately 300 years between them;both had a seismic magnitude(M_(S))of around 6.0.The likely seismogenic fault for the Huoshan Daijiayuan earthquake is the Luoerling-Tudiling fault.Meanwhile,the paleoseismic site in Guzhen Gaixia documents two seismic events occurring during 2350-2050 BC,both with a seismic magnitude(MS)of approximately 6½.The Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone is likely the seismogenic fault associated with the Guzhen Gaixia earthquake site.
文摘Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common, bothersome and relatively under diagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out in the Diabetology Units of the Buea and Limbe Regional Hospitals involving 332 male patients with diabetes and aged over 21 years. Data was analyzed using Stata and R version 3.5.3. Results: The mean age of the participants was 55years. Most participants (64.46%) were married. About half (50.60%) of the participants actively consumed alcohol, 11.45% were smokers and 57.83% were sedentary. 18 participants (5.42%) recorded high risk sexual behaviour. 54.32% of participants had a comorbidity and 43.90% were overweight. The prevalence of diabetic ED was 78.92%. Age, Fasting Blood Sugar and Glycated hemoglobin were found to be positive determinants of diabetic ED (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77, 95% CI −0.1 - 0.07). Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetic ED in this hospital population study is high, and both physician and patient—initiated measures are needed to reduce this prevalence and improve awareness, recognition and care of this condition.
文摘Objectives:Schizophrenia is a profoundly stigmatized mental health condition,characterized by misconceptions that affect societal attitudes,policy development,and the lived experiences of individuals with the condition.This study aimed to develop and validate a multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma towards schizophrenia,while exploring how demographic factors influence such attitudes.Methods:Drawing on an extensive literature review and consultations,the study identified five domains of stigma:Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery.Using a two-phase methodology,a preliminary 38-itemscale was administered to 729 participants from the general Spanish population,refining the measure through descriptive and exploratory factor analysis.Subsequently,a revised 34-item scale was validated through confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 417 participants.Results:The final model showed good fit(RMSEA=0.056,CFI=0.938,TLI=0.933)and strong internal consistency(α=0.73–0.86).Findings revealed that stigma was most pronounced in the domain of Autonomy(Mean=2.83,SD=0.91),reflecting pervasive doubts about individuals’ability to live independently and achieve meaningful integration into society.Stigma varied significantly across demographic variables,with higher levels reported among men,older individuals,married participants,and those outside health professions(p<0.01).Conversely,healthcare professionals,younger individuals,and those familiar with someone with schizophrenia generally reported less stigma(p<0.01).Conclusion:This study developed and validated a robust multidimensional scale for assessing societal stigma toward schizophrenia.The five-factor model—Workplace Capability,Intimate Relationships,Autonomy,Risk Perception,and Recovery—was empirically supported.Autonomy and Recovery emerged as themost stigmatized domains across the Spanish general population.The scale demonstrated strong psychometric properties and effectively captured stigma patterns linked to key sociodemographic variables.
文摘1 Martin Hibbert was a survivor of a serious accident.During the incident,Martin's spine(脊柱)was seriously hurt but he was fortunate to be alive.Despite this spinal cord injury(SCI),Martin was determined to turn tragedy into something good.
文摘Objective:A TLCS method was established for the determination of the content of Shenbei Beigua ointment,and the product quality of six samples from two formulations was evaluated.Methods:The determination method was thin-layer chromatography scanning(TLCS),using a developing solvent composed of ethyl acetate–methanol–strong ammonia water(17:2:1).The plates were heated at 105°C for 5 minutes,then sprayed with a mixture of dilute bismuth potassium iodide and 1%ferric chloride in ethanol(10:1),and scanned at a wavelength of 500 nm.Results:Peimine showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.21–2.1μg with a correlation coefficient of r=0.9997,and Peiminine also exhibited good linearity in the same range with r=0.9995.The accuracy was≥95.0%,and the relative standard deviation(RSD)was≤5.0%(n=6).Conclusion:This method allows for the simultaneous determination of peimine and peiminine,providing a reliable reference for the quality control of the product.
文摘Objective Data on homocysteine(Hcy) status and its determinants are limited among women during pregnancy and postpartum. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate Hcy levels during pregnancy and postpartum, and to explore the determinants like geographic factor.Methods This study was conducted in women at mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy and postpartum from southern, central and northern China. Approximately 132 women were included in each stratum by the three phases and regions. Plasma Hcy concentrations were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), with hyperhomocysteinemia defined as > 10.0 μmol/L. Quantile regression was to estimate medians and interquartile ranges(IQRs), and logistic regression to examine the determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia.Results For 1,190 women included, the median(IQR) Hcy concentration was 5.66(4.62, 7.37) μmol/L.The adjusted median in mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy and postpartum women was 4.75(4.13, 5.54),5.72(4.81, 6.85) and 7.09(5.65, 8.75) μmol/L, respectively, showing an increasing trend(P < 0.001). This increasing trend persisted across the three regions. Higher Hcy concentrations were observed in women residing in northern region and those with younger age or lower economic status. A total of 106(8.9%)women had hyperhomocysteinemia, with a higher prevalence in those residing in northern region(16.0%), or in postpartum women(16.5%).Conclusion Hcy levels, varying with geographic region, maternal age and economic status, are increased from mid-pregnancy to late-pregnancy and postpartum, indicating a need to monitor Hcy levels in pregnant and postpartum women to control potential risks related to elevated Hcy levels.
文摘BACKGROUND Sepsis and septic shock pose critical public health challenges with high mortality,particularly in critical care.While racial differences in sepsis incidence are documented,the impact of race on sepsis outcomes remains inconsistent.AIM To evaluate racial disparities in clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized with septic shock,focusing on in-hospital mortality,length of stay(LOS),and hospitalization costs.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2021.Patients diagnosed with septic shock were identified using ICD-10 code R65.21.The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality;secondary outcomes included trends in septic shock hospitalizations,mortality,length of stay,and cost of hospitalizations.RESULTS Among 3581504 hospitalizations for septic shock,the racial distribution was 67%Non-Hispanic White(NHW),15%Non-Hispanic Black(NHB),11%Hispanic,and 7%other groups,with a mean age of 66.3 years.In-hospital mortality was 33.6%,highest among other racial groups(36.7%).Mortality was stable across racial groups from 2016-2019 but rose sharply in 2020-2021,especially among Hispanic patients.Adjusted in-hospital mortality were higher for NHB and Hispanic compared to NHW patients.NHB patients had the longest LOS,while other racial groups incurred the highest cost of hospitalizations.CONCLUSION We found higher mortality among NHB,Hispanic,and other racial groups in septic shock patients,likely driven by higher risk of in-hospital complications among these racial groups.This highlights the need for future research to identify the factors contributing to the adverse outcomes in these populations.
