Let R be an arbitrary commutative ring with identity, and let Nn（R） be the set consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the maps（with...Let R be an arbitrary commutative ring with identity, and let Nn（R） be the set consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the maps（without linearity or additivity assumption） φ ： Nn（R） → Nn（R）satisfying φ（xy） = φ（x）y ＋ xφ（y）. As a consequence, additive derivations and derivations of Nn（R） are also described.展开更多
Let F be a field of characteristic 0, Mn（F） the full matrix algebra over F, t the subalgebra of Mn（F） consisting of all upper triangular matrices. Any subalgebra of Mn（F） containing t is called a parabolic subal...Let F be a field of characteristic 0, Mn（F） the full matrix algebra over F, t the subalgebra of Mn（F） consisting of all upper triangular matrices. Any subalgebra of Mn（F） containing t is called a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. Let P be a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. A map φ on P is said to satisfy derivability if φ（x·y） = φ（x）·y＋x·φ（y） for all x,y ∈ P, where φ is not necessarily linear. Note that a map satisfying derivability on P is not necessarily a derivation on P. In this paper, we prove that a map φ on P satisfies derivability if and only if φ is a sum of an inner derivation and an additive quasi-derivation on P. In particular, any derivation of parabolic subalgebras of Mn（F） is an inner derivation.展开更多
The longitudinal π-extension of carbon nanohoops is one of the most effective bottom-up synthetic strategies toward carbon nanotubes(CNTs).Herein,the precise synthesis of a multi-substituted carbon nanohoop([12]CPP-8...The longitudinal π-extension of carbon nanohoops is one of the most effective bottom-up synthetic strategies toward carbon nanotubes(CNTs).Herein,the precise synthesis of a multi-substituted carbon nanohoop([12]CPP-8PBPy)based on cycloparaphenylenes(CPPs)grafted with eight pyrene-functionalized units was reported.This structurally well-defined nanohoop not only acts as a segment of armchair-type CNTs but also achieves enhanced longitudinal π-extension.The structure of[12]CPP-8PBPy was confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The photophysical properties were studied by UV/Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy.The potential applications of[12]CPP-8PBPy in electron-transport devices were further investigated.展开更多
The introduction of SCF2 motif into organic molecules would increases the bioactivity significantly.A silver-catalyzed tandem decarboxylative cyclization of 2,2-difluoro-2-(phenylthio)acetic acids with 2-aryl-N-acryla...The introduction of SCF2 motif into organic molecules would increases the bioactivity significantly.A silver-catalyzed tandem decarboxylative cyclization of 2,2-difluoro-2-(phenylthio)acetic acids with 2-aryl-N-acrylamide indoles is described,furnishing 28 examples of SCF2-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives in moderate to good yields.Mechanistic studies reveal that a radical pathway is proposed in this transformation.展开更多
Introduction:One of the main events that regulate a cell’s well-being is cell-to-cell communication.This intercellular mechanism of information transfer is often mediated by vesicular trafficking.Mitochondrial-derive...Introduction:One of the main events that regulate a cell’s well-being is cell-to-cell communication.This intercellular mechanism of information transfer is often mediated by vesicular trafficking.Mitochondrial-derived vesicles(MDVs)are an emerging subpopulation of extracellular vesicle(EV)first discovered in 2008 that allow mitochondria to communicate with their surroundings.展开更多
Azobenzene-winged phenanthrolines(L1 and L2)were designed,synthesized,and fully characterized.Ligand L1 forms an in-situ cobalt complex,which has been effectively employed as a circular dichroism(CD)-active chiral sen...Azobenzene-winged phenanthrolines(L1 and L2)were designed,synthesized,and fully characterized.Ligand L1 forms an in-situ cobalt complex,which has been effectively employed as a circular dichroism(CD)-active chiral sensor.The resulting ternary complex(L1-Co^(2+)-amino alcohol)exhibits pronounced exciton-coupled circular dichroism(ECCD)signals at the characteristic azobenzene absorption bands.These signals arise from efficient chirality transfer from the chiral amino alcohol to the azobenzene chromophores,enabling the determination of the absolute configuration of chiral amino alcohols.Accordingly,the L1-Co^(2+)coordination system demonstrates considerably potential in chirality sensing applications.Remarkably,the induced ECCD signals are highly responsive to multiple external stimuli,including photoirradiation,solvent polarity,temperature,and redox conditions.In particular,temperature and redox changes can induce a reversible inversion of the ECCD signal,thereby establishing this system as a multifunctional,stimuli-responsive chiroptical molecular switch.展开更多
Ischemic stroke(IS)presents a major threat to human life and health due to its high disability and mortality rates.3-n-Butylphthalide(NBP),derived from celery seeds of the Apiaceae family native to the Mediterranean r...Ischemic stroke(IS)presents a major threat to human life and health due to its high disability and mortality rates.3-n-Butylphthalide(NBP),derived from celery seeds of the Apiaceae family native to the Mediterranean region,was first introduced in China for acute IS treatment in 2004.NBP demonstrates multiple therapeutic actions,including reconstruction of microcirculation in the cerebral ischemia area,inhibition of platelet aggregation,reduction of cerebral infarction volume,maintenance of blood-brain barrier(BBB)integrity,and enhancement of cerebral blood perfusion.However,its overall efficacy remains moderate,limited by poor water solubility and low bioavailability,which constrains its clinical application.To address these limitations,researchers have actively pursued the development of NBP derivatives and analogs,achieving notable progress.These efforts,including substituent introduction,ring opening derivatization,esterification,and atom substitution,have generated diverse NBP derivatives.Several of these derivatives have advanced to clinical studies.Specifically,potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate(PHPB),brozopentyl sodium(BZP),and XY-03-EA(ZONK1103)have reached phase II clinical trials,while(S)-2-(1-acetoxypentyl)benzoic acid L-arginine salt(AAPB)has received clinical trial approval for 2024.This review examines the structural modification and optimization of NBP over the past two decades from a medicinal chemistry perspective,aiming to facilitate the development of superior derivatives and advance cerebral ischemia treatment.展开更多
Hydrodeoxygenation represents a promising route for upgrading lignin-derived bio-oil into value-added fine chemicals,but it is challenging to obtain high yield and selectivity due to the varying dissociation energy of...Hydrodeoxygenation represents a promising route for upgrading lignin-derived bio-oil into value-added fine chemicals,but it is challenging to obtain high yield and selectivity due to the varying dissociation energy of different oxygen-containing functional groups.Here,we strategically engineered a robust Cu-based catalyst for catalyzing vanillin to 4-methylguaiacol in a H-donor solvent under an inert N_(2) atmosphere,achieving simultaneously>99.9%conversion and near-theoretical selectivity(99.6%),as well as excellent cycling durability.First-principles calculations and control catalytic experiments confirmed the enhanced performance originated from(i)the downshifted d-band center of in situ generated Cu^(0) species induced by Al Lewis acid sites and(ii)the synergistic interplay between these Cu^(0) centers and adjacent Al Lewis acid sites,facilitated by isopropanol-mediated hydrogen transfer.This study demonstrates the feasibility of rationally designing high-performance catalysts featuring synergistic nonnoble metals with Lewis acid sites,enabling efficient and selective upgrade of renewable peroxidized compounds into value-added products with enhanced cost-effectiveness and process safety.展开更多
The development of sustainable materials has encouraged the use of biopolymers as alternatives to synthetic polymers.Polymeric films have stood out for their high potential in environmentally sustainable applications....The development of sustainable materials has encouraged the use of biopolymers as alternatives to synthetic polymers.Polymeric films have stood out for their high potential in environmentally sustainable applications.Conventional cellulose acetate(CA)-based films are attractive due to their biodegradability and film-forming ability.However,their functional performance often requires enhancement through the incorporation of additives.In this context,two bio-based additives were investigated:condensed tannin(0%,5%and 10%wt.),a natural polyphenol known for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties,and nanocrystalline cellulose(CNC)(0%,0.5%and 1%wt.),which act as reinforcing agents to improve mechanical strength and barrier properties.The results showed that tannin generally enhanced mechanical strength and surface uniformity while imparting contact-based antimicrobial activity.CNC reduced water uptake and improved thermal stability,but when used alone,it tended to lower mechanical performance and increase surface roughness.The combination of CNC and tannin produced performance shifts that depended strongly on their relative concentrations,with no consistent synergistic effect across all properties.In certain balanced ratios,CNC benefited fromtannin’smatrix-stabilizing effect,leading to improved strength or reduced moisture absorption.Antimicrobial activity in acetic acid–based films was linked to residual acidity,whereas in acetonebased films,tannin alone was responsible for the antimicrobial effect by contact.These findings highlight that the physicochemical,mechanical,and functional performance of CA films(CAFs)is governed not only by additive type but also by the precise interplay between CNC and tannin,underscoring the need for formulation strategies tailored to the requirements of specific applications.展开更多
After the“Ballad Movement”in the early 20th century revealed and systematized the Liang Zhu legend,numerous literary works had created a rich body of classic reinterpretations.This paper argues that Yang Yinshen’s ...After the“Ballad Movement”in the early 20th century revealed and systematized the Liang Zhu legend,numerous literary works had created a rich body of classic reinterpretations.This paper argues that Yang Yinshen’s A Storm stands as the earliest modern literary creation that actively embraced the folk Liang Zhu legend.By situating the ancient story of Zhu Yingtai in a contemporary context,the play replaces the traditional core values of“loyalty and righteousness”with modern themes of pursuing free love,amplifying women’s autonomy.Through a modern tragic love story,it achieves a classic reinterpretation of the classical folk legend.The“revised narrative”in A Storm primarily involves derivative adaptations,incorporating contemporary revisions to characters and themes.Its three-act structure also forms the foundational framework for subsequent reinterpretations of the Liang Zhu legend.The play demonstrates a conscious absorption of the rebellious spirit in folk literature,incorporates dialectal speech,and provides valuable insights into how modern literature can utilize oral traditions.展开更多
Lithium(Li)is an‘emerging'environmental pollutant,especially in soil,which is a great concern because it can endanger human health through the food chain.Compared with traditional chemical analyses,hyperspectral ...Lithium(Li)is an‘emerging'environmental pollutant,especially in soil,which is a great concern because it can endanger human health through the food chain.Compared with traditional chemical analyses,hyperspectral techniques have achieved many exciting results in soil metal monitoring due to their advantages of being fast and non-destructive.However,insufficient attention has been paid to lithium in soil,and the feasibility of its estimation using hyperspectral techniques needs to be investigated.We studied 97 soil samples from claytype lithium mines in the Ertanggou area of the East Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang to explore the effects of spectral resolution,fractional order derivatives(FOD),and characteristic band selection on the estimation accuracy of clay Li content,to obtain a fast and effective method for estimating clay Li content.Finally,we developed a new method for rapid and nondestructive estimation of soil lithium content.We have obtained some important results from the study.Spectral resolution exerts a significant impact on model performance,and its reduction usually leads to a decline in model performance.For the full band,the models constructed with low-order derivatives were superior to those with high-order derivatives,and the best model was obtained at the 0.4-order derivative(coefficient of determination(R^(2))and relative predictive deviation(RPD)of 0.777 and 2.118,respectively).In the characteristic bands,the lower order is sensitive to the visible-near-infrared range,and the higher order is sensitive to the short-wave infrared range,and the model constructed with the higher-order derivatives outperforms the lower-order derivatives.In this study,the combination of FOD and Random Forest(RF)can significantly improve the model performance,with R^(2),Relative Root Mean Squared Error(RRMSE),and RPD being 0.849,1.526,and 2.574,respectively.Therefore,this research provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for imaging hyperspectral exploration of anomalous areas of clay-type Li resources.展开更多
Background:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are important tumor microenvironment components in small cell lung cancer(SCLC).We successfully identified MDSCs expressing the surface marker CD33 in SCLC;nonetheless...Background:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are important tumor microenvironment components in small cell lung cancer(SCLC).We successfully identified MDSCs expressing the surface marker CD33 in SCLC;nonetheless,whether CD33^(+)MDSCs promote SCLC angiogenesis remains unclear.This study aims to explore the angiogenic effect and clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from SCLC.Method:Nineteen patients diagnosed with extensive-stage SCLC at Jilin Cancer Hospital were selected as the research subjects.CD33^(+)MDSCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC using magnetic bead separation and CD33 expression was detected by flow cytometry.The angiogenic potential of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC and healthy individuals was assessed using human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)angiogenesis assays,and the clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs in promoting angiogenesis in patients with SCLC was analyzed using clinical data.Results:Compared to healthy individuals,the CD33^(+)MDSCs(CD14^(+)CD33^(+))isolated from the peripheral blood of SCLC patients exhibited a greater ability to promote HUVEC tubular growth(average vessel length:57.60 mm[47.78 mm]vs.39.07 mm[15.84 mm],p=0.000;vessel area:371,890 mm^(3)[699,927 mm^(3)]vs.334,652 mm^(3)[219,520 mm^(3)],p<0.000;total number of junctions:141[301]vs.120[94],p<0.005),and their angiogenic ability was associated with older age,female sex,high performance status scores,no systematic treatment,and treatment unresponsiveness(p<0.050).Furthermore,the enhanced angiogenic ability of CD33^(+)MDSCs may represent a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness(average vessel length:Odds ratio=3.904,95%CI=1.812-8.409,p=0.001;vessel area:Odds ratio=2.501,95%CI=1.187-5.267,p=0.016;total number of junctions:Odds ratio=3.630,95%CI=1.686-7.815,p=0.001)and is associated with a poor SCLC prognosis(average vessel length:Hazard ratio=2.210,95%CI=1.299-3.758,p=0.003;vessel area:Hazard ratio=2.170,95%CI=1.274-3.693,p=0.004;total number of junctions:Hazard ratio=2.267,95%CI=1.333-3.853,p=0.003).Conclusion:CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC promote angiogenesis,which is a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness and is associated with poor prognosis.展开更多
In this paper,we identify conditions on the change of rings to induce functors between the two pure derived(resp.,pure singularity)categories.Then we construct recollements of pure derived categories and pure singular...In this paper,we identify conditions on the change of rings to induce functors between the two pure derived(resp.,pure singularity)categories.Then we construct recollements of pure derived categories and pure singularity categories for a formal triangular matrix ring,respectively.As an application,we study the pure global dimension of a formal triangular matrix ring.展开更多
Mitophagy is a well-characterized and redundant recycling system for damaged mitochondria and a marker of organelle quality(Picca et al.,2023).Yet,the assessment of mitophagy in vivo remains a challenge.The characteri...Mitophagy is a well-characterized and redundant recycling system for damaged mitochondria and a marker of organelle quality(Picca et al.,2023).Yet,the assessment of mitophagy in vivo remains a challenge.The characterization of the endosomallysosomal pathways supporting the endocytic tra fficking has provided invaluable information also into mitophagy signaling.展开更多
Acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of pyridinemethanol with ketones is one of the most reliable methodologies to access functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.However,it is challenging to develop environmenta...Acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of pyridinemethanol with ketones is one of the most reliable methodologies to access functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.However,it is challenging to develop environmentally friendly catalytic systems,especially in constructing efficient and recyclable catalysts under water or solvent-free conditions.Here,we designed two novel coordination polymers Cd-CPs and Fe-CPs to investigate their catalytic performance in water.Gratifyingly,it was observed that Cd-CPs as a multifunctional catalyst was successfully applied to establish a universal pathway for direct fabrication of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives under water conditions,while it was effective for the synthesis of1,3,5-triazines through acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling strategies.The features of broad substrate,high atom efficiency,and good catalyst reusability highlight the feasibility of this transformation.In additional,we demonstrated the spindle-like structures Fe-P,derived from the Fe-CPs via phosphorylation,which can be used as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction with good stability.This work provides two highly efficient non-noble metal catalysts for functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives production and oxygen evolution reaction,and opens a new avenue to further fabricate diverse metal catalysts with high catalytic performance in water.展开更多
The thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium perchlorate(AP)represents a critical factor in determining the performance of solid propellants,which has aroused significant interest on the structure and performa...The thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium perchlorate(AP)represents a critical factor in determining the performance of solid propellants,which has aroused significant interest on the structure and performance improvement of kinds of catalysts.In this study,bimetallic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),such as CuCo-BTC(BTC=1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid,H_(3)BTC),CuNi-BTC,and CoNi-BTC,were synthesized by solvothermal(ST)and spray-drying(SD)methods,and then calcined at 400℃for 2 h to form metal oxides.The catalysts as well as their catalytic effects for AP decomposition were characterized by FTIR,XRD,SEM,XPS,TG,DSC,TG-IR,EIS,CV,and LSV.It was found that the rapid coordination of metal ions with ligands during spray drying may lead to catalytic structural defects,promoting the exposure of reactive active sites and increasing the catalytic active region.The results showed that the addition of 2 wt%binary transition metal oxides(BTMOs)as catalysts significantly reduced the high-temperature decomposition(HTD)temperature of AP and enhanced its heat release.Of particular significance is the observation that SD-CoNiO_(x),prepared by spray-drying,reduced the decomposition temperature of AP from 413.26℃(pure AP)to 306℃and enhanced the heat release from 256.79 J/g(pure AP)to 1496.82 J/g,while concomitantly reducing the activation energy by 42%.By analysing the gaseous products during the decomposition of AP+SD-CoNiO_(x)and AP+ST-CoNiO_(x),it was found that SD-CoNiO_(x)could significantly increase the content of high-valent nitrogen oxides during the AP decomposition reaction,which indicates that the BTMOs prepared by spray-drying in the reaction system are more conducive to accelerating the electron transfer in the thermal decomposition process of AP,and can provide a high concentration of reactive oxygen species that oxidize AP to high-valent nitrogen oxide-containing compounds.The present study shows that the structure selectivity of the spray-drying technique influences surfactant molecular arrangement on catalyst surfaces,resulting in their ability to promote higher electron transfer during the catalytic process.Therefore,BTMOs prepared by spray drying method have higher potential for application.展开更多
Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)...Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]di-hexafluorophosphate(Bn-FPV),were synthesized.These viologen derivatives as active materials were used to assemble both flexible and rigid electrochromic devices(ECDs).ECDs based on DFPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to deep green and ECDs based on Bn-FPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to blue-green within applied voltage.It was found that the devices based on DFPV showed cycle stability,which could still maintain more than 90% after 1000 cycles.In addition,the modulation rate of the device to the solar irradiance is also calculated to characterize its application potential in smart windows.Among them,the rigid device(R-DFPV)based on the DFPV has a large solar irradiance modulation rate of 54.66%,which has the potential to be used as smart windows.展开更多
Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) and its derivatives have been recognized as harmful environmental pollutants.However,they are often produced during the processing of traditional Chinese medicines,potentially compromising the q...Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) and its derivatives have been recognized as harmful environmental pollutants.However,they are often produced during the processing of traditional Chinese medicines,potentially compromising the quality of these medicinal materials and contributing to various health issues.Due to a lack of effective monitoring and imaging tools,the physiological effects of excessive SO_(2) residues in traditional Chinese medicine remain unclear.Therefore,developing a rapid and effective tool for detecting SO_(2) is crucial for understanding its metabolic pathways and effects in vivo.In this study,we developed a near infrared(NIR) and ratiometric fluorescent probe,NIR-RS,which exhibits high sensitivity,selectivity,and rapid response for SO_(2) detection.Notably,NIR-RS accurately quantifies SO_(2) contents in Pinelliae rhizoma(P.rhizoma) samples,with recovery rates from 98.46 % to 102.40 %,and relative standard deviations(RSDs)< 5.0 %.For bioimaging applications,NIR-RS has low cytotoxicity and good mitochondrial-targeting ability,making it suitable for imaging exogenous and endogenous SO_(2) in mitochondria.Additionally,NIR-RS was successfully applied to image SO_(2) content of P.rhizoma samples within cells,revealing that high SO_(2) residue elevated mitochondria adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content,these findings reveal that P.rhizoma with excessive SO_(2) can affect the organism's growth mechanisms through alterations in ATP pathways.In vivo,SO_(2) was found to predominantly accumulate in the liver following gavage with P.rhizoma solution,with accumulation levels increasing in proportion to SO_(2) residue concentration.High SO_(2) concentrations in P.rhizoma can cause pulmonary fibrosis and gastric mucosal damage.This work provides a valuable tool for regulating SO_(2) content in P.rhizoma and may help researcher better understand the metabolism of SO_(2) derivatives and explore their physiological roles in biological systems.展开更多
Rational design of non-noble electrocatalysts with high performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)still remains a challenge.In this study,a ZIF-derived electrocatalyst(Co@Fe-P)with a core-shell structure is design...Rational design of non-noble electrocatalysts with high performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)still remains a challenge.In this study,a ZIF-derived electrocatalyst(Co@Fe-P)with a core-shell structure is designed by using Co-compounds as the core and PO_(4)^(3-)decorated Fe-compounds as the shell.The inner Co-core and outer Fe-shell are connected through Co-O-Fe and Fe-O-P linkage.The Co@Fe-P electrocatalyst exhibits an enhanced performance for OER with a low overpotential(280 mV),low Tafel slope(41.9 mV dec^(-1))at 10 mA cm^(-2),and a 60-h durability.The electron transfer from the CoOOH-core to the FeOOH-shell is greatly facilitated,which improves the OER activity of Co@Fe-P kinetically.Theoretical calculations indicate that the interaction of Co-O-Fe and Fe-O-P in Co@Fe-P reduces the overlap between the O 2p and Fe 3d orbitals,which greatly facilitates the transformation from*OH to*O during the OER process via the adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM)pathway.This finding provides insight for the design of efficient electrocatalysts for OER.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated ...Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated to neuroinflammation,such as Alzheimer's disease,it is now shown to precede pathological protein aggregations.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1117134311426121)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology(Grant Nos.NSFJ2014–K12NSFJ2015–G24)
文摘Let R be an arbitrary commutative ring with identity, and let Nn（R） be the set consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the maps（without linearity or additivity assumption） φ ： Nn（R） → Nn（R）satisfying φ（xy） = φ（x）y ＋ xφ（y）. As a consequence, additive derivations and derivations of Nn（R） are also described.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11071040)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2009J05005)
文摘Let F be a field of characteristic 0, Mn（F） the full matrix algebra over F, t the subalgebra of Mn（F） consisting of all upper triangular matrices. Any subalgebra of Mn（F） containing t is called a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. Let P be a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. A map φ on P is said to satisfy derivability if φ（x·y） = φ（x）·y＋x·φ（y） for all x,y ∈ P, where φ is not necessarily linear. Note that a map satisfying derivability on P is not necessarily a derivation on P. In this paper, we prove that a map φ on P satisfies derivability if and only if φ is a sum of an inner derivation and an additive quasi-derivation on P. In particular, any derivation of parabolic subalgebras of Mn（F） is an inner derivation.
文摘The longitudinal π-extension of carbon nanohoops is one of the most effective bottom-up synthetic strategies toward carbon nanotubes(CNTs).Herein,the precise synthesis of a multi-substituted carbon nanohoop([12]CPP-8PBPy)based on cycloparaphenylenes(CPPs)grafted with eight pyrene-functionalized units was reported.This structurally well-defined nanohoop not only acts as a segment of armchair-type CNTs but also achieves enhanced longitudinal π-extension.The structure of[12]CPP-8PBPy was confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The photophysical properties were studied by UV/Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy.The potential applications of[12]CPP-8PBPy in electron-transport devices were further investigated.
文摘The introduction of SCF2 motif into organic molecules would increases the bioactivity significantly.A silver-catalyzed tandem decarboxylative cyclization of 2,2-difluoro-2-(phenylthio)acetic acids with 2-aryl-N-acrylamide indoles is described,furnishing 28 examples of SCF2-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives in moderate to good yields.Mechanistic studies reveal that a radical pathway is proposed in this transformation.
基金supported by project Emerging Infectious Diseases One Health Basic and Translational Research Actions addressing Unmet Needs on Emerging Infectious Diseases,INF-ACT,Spoke 1 and Spoke 5,Project number PE00000007,CUP B53C20040570005(to PP and DN).
文摘Introduction:One of the main events that regulate a cell’s well-being is cell-to-cell communication.This intercellular mechanism of information transfer is often mediated by vesicular trafficking.Mitochondrial-derived vesicles(MDVs)are an emerging subpopulation of extracellular vesicle(EV)first discovered in 2008 that allow mitochondria to communicate with their surroundings.
基金the support of this work by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22471182,22271201,22422108,22171194)the Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2025ZNSFSC0125)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20826041D4117)the Comprehensive Training Platform of Specialized Laboratory,College of Chemistry.
文摘Azobenzene-winged phenanthrolines(L1 and L2)were designed,synthesized,and fully characterized.Ligand L1 forms an in-situ cobalt complex,which has been effectively employed as a circular dichroism(CD)-active chiral sensor.The resulting ternary complex(L1-Co^(2+)-amino alcohol)exhibits pronounced exciton-coupled circular dichroism(ECCD)signals at the characteristic azobenzene absorption bands.These signals arise from efficient chirality transfer from the chiral amino alcohol to the azobenzene chromophores,enabling the determination of the absolute configuration of chiral amino alcohols.Accordingly,the L1-Co^(2+)coordination system demonstrates considerably potential in chirality sensing applications.Remarkably,the induced ECCD signals are highly responsive to multiple external stimuli,including photoirradiation,solvent polarity,temperature,and redox conditions.In particular,temperature and redox changes can induce a reversible inversion of the ECCD signal,thereby establishing this system as a multifunctional,stimuli-responsive chiroptical molecular switch.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21977058 and 82473840)the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2021677)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018T110533)the Key Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.20KJA350002)Jiangsu Province Innovation Project of Postgraduate Training(No.KYCX22_3380).
文摘Ischemic stroke(IS)presents a major threat to human life and health due to its high disability and mortality rates.3-n-Butylphthalide(NBP),derived from celery seeds of the Apiaceae family native to the Mediterranean region,was first introduced in China for acute IS treatment in 2004.NBP demonstrates multiple therapeutic actions,including reconstruction of microcirculation in the cerebral ischemia area,inhibition of platelet aggregation,reduction of cerebral infarction volume,maintenance of blood-brain barrier(BBB)integrity,and enhancement of cerebral blood perfusion.However,its overall efficacy remains moderate,limited by poor water solubility and low bioavailability,which constrains its clinical application.To address these limitations,researchers have actively pursued the development of NBP derivatives and analogs,achieving notable progress.These efforts,including substituent introduction,ring opening derivatization,esterification,and atom substitution,have generated diverse NBP derivatives.Several of these derivatives have advanced to clinical studies.Specifically,potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate(PHPB),brozopentyl sodium(BZP),and XY-03-EA(ZONK1103)have reached phase II clinical trials,while(S)-2-(1-acetoxypentyl)benzoic acid L-arginine salt(AAPB)has received clinical trial approval for 2024.This review examines the structural modification and optimization of NBP over the past two decades from a medicinal chemistry perspective,aiming to facilitate the development of superior derivatives and advance cerebral ischemia treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22278047,No.22208038,No.22508030,and No.22208040)Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities of Liaoning Province(No.LJ212410152038,No.LJBKY2025057No.2025-BS-0463)。
文摘Hydrodeoxygenation represents a promising route for upgrading lignin-derived bio-oil into value-added fine chemicals,but it is challenging to obtain high yield and selectivity due to the varying dissociation energy of different oxygen-containing functional groups.Here,we strategically engineered a robust Cu-based catalyst for catalyzing vanillin to 4-methylguaiacol in a H-donor solvent under an inert N_(2) atmosphere,achieving simultaneously>99.9%conversion and near-theoretical selectivity(99.6%),as well as excellent cycling durability.First-principles calculations and control catalytic experiments confirmed the enhanced performance originated from(i)the downshifted d-band center of in situ generated Cu^(0) species induced by Al Lewis acid sites and(ii)the synergistic interplay between these Cu^(0) centers and adjacent Al Lewis acid sites,facilitated by isopropanol-mediated hydrogen transfer.This study demonstrates the feasibility of rationally designing high-performance catalysts featuring synergistic nonnoble metals with Lewis acid sites,enabling efficient and selective upgrade of renewable peroxidized compounds into value-added products with enhanced cost-effectiveness and process safety.
基金funded by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES,https://www.gov.br/capes)and by Mitacs(https://www.mitacs.ca),under grant number IT42277Letícia Vitorazi acknowledges support from FAPERJ(https://www.faperj.br)under grant number E-26/200.129/2023—Bolsa JCNE/FAPERJ+1 种基金Flavia Braghiroli acknowledges the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC),Alliance project ALLRP 585984-23the Fonds de recherche duQuébec—Nature et technologies(FRQNT)(https://doi.org/10.69777/355295),grant number 202250.
文摘The development of sustainable materials has encouraged the use of biopolymers as alternatives to synthetic polymers.Polymeric films have stood out for their high potential in environmentally sustainable applications.Conventional cellulose acetate(CA)-based films are attractive due to their biodegradability and film-forming ability.However,their functional performance often requires enhancement through the incorporation of additives.In this context,two bio-based additives were investigated:condensed tannin(0%,5%and 10%wt.),a natural polyphenol known for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties,and nanocrystalline cellulose(CNC)(0%,0.5%and 1%wt.),which act as reinforcing agents to improve mechanical strength and barrier properties.The results showed that tannin generally enhanced mechanical strength and surface uniformity while imparting contact-based antimicrobial activity.CNC reduced water uptake and improved thermal stability,but when used alone,it tended to lower mechanical performance and increase surface roughness.The combination of CNC and tannin produced performance shifts that depended strongly on their relative concentrations,with no consistent synergistic effect across all properties.In certain balanced ratios,CNC benefited fromtannin’smatrix-stabilizing effect,leading to improved strength or reduced moisture absorption.Antimicrobial activity in acetic acid–based films was linked to residual acidity,whereas in acetonebased films,tannin alone was responsible for the antimicrobial effect by contact.These findings highlight that the physicochemical,mechanical,and functional performance of CA films(CAFs)is governed not only by additive type but also by the precise interplay between CNC and tannin,underscoring the need for formulation strategies tailored to the requirements of specific applications.
文摘After the“Ballad Movement”in the early 20th century revealed and systematized the Liang Zhu legend,numerous literary works had created a rich body of classic reinterpretations.This paper argues that Yang Yinshen’s A Storm stands as the earliest modern literary creation that actively embraced the folk Liang Zhu legend.By situating the ancient story of Zhu Yingtai in a contemporary context,the play replaces the traditional core values of“loyalty and righteousness”with modern themes of pursuing free love,amplifying women’s autonomy.Through a modern tragic love story,it achieves a classic reinterpretation of the classical folk legend.The“revised narrative”in A Storm primarily involves derivative adaptations,incorporating contemporary revisions to characters and themes.Its three-act structure also forms the foundational framework for subsequent reinterpretations of the Liang Zhu legend.The play demonstrates a conscious absorption of the rebellious spirit in folk literature,incorporates dialectal speech,and provides valuable insights into how modern literature can utilize oral traditions.
基金Sponsored the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42502088)the National Major Science and Technology Project of China(2025ZD1007504-1)+2 种基金the Special Research Fund of Natural Science(Special Post)of Guizhou University(X202402)the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(QKHJC[2024]youth 153)the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(2024D01A147)。
文摘Lithium(Li)is an‘emerging'environmental pollutant,especially in soil,which is a great concern because it can endanger human health through the food chain.Compared with traditional chemical analyses,hyperspectral techniques have achieved many exciting results in soil metal monitoring due to their advantages of being fast and non-destructive.However,insufficient attention has been paid to lithium in soil,and the feasibility of its estimation using hyperspectral techniques needs to be investigated.We studied 97 soil samples from claytype lithium mines in the Ertanggou area of the East Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang to explore the effects of spectral resolution,fractional order derivatives(FOD),and characteristic band selection on the estimation accuracy of clay Li content,to obtain a fast and effective method for estimating clay Li content.Finally,we developed a new method for rapid and nondestructive estimation of soil lithium content.We have obtained some important results from the study.Spectral resolution exerts a significant impact on model performance,and its reduction usually leads to a decline in model performance.For the full band,the models constructed with low-order derivatives were superior to those with high-order derivatives,and the best model was obtained at the 0.4-order derivative(coefficient of determination(R^(2))and relative predictive deviation(RPD)of 0.777 and 2.118,respectively).In the characteristic bands,the lower order is sensitive to the visible-near-infrared range,and the higher order is sensitive to the short-wave infrared range,and the model constructed with the higher-order derivatives outperforms the lower-order derivatives.In this study,the combination of FOD and Random Forest(RF)can significantly improve the model performance,with R^(2),Relative Root Mean Squared Error(RRMSE),and RPD being 0.849,1.526,and 2.574,respectively.Therefore,this research provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for imaging hyperspectral exploration of anomalous areas of clay-type Li resources.
基金Science and Technology Agency of Jilin Provincial Project(Grant/Award Number:20230203075SF)Youth Project of Jilin Provincial Health Commission(Grant/Award Number:2024A123)。
文摘Background:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are important tumor microenvironment components in small cell lung cancer(SCLC).We successfully identified MDSCs expressing the surface marker CD33 in SCLC;nonetheless,whether CD33^(+)MDSCs promote SCLC angiogenesis remains unclear.This study aims to explore the angiogenic effect and clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from SCLC.Method:Nineteen patients diagnosed with extensive-stage SCLC at Jilin Cancer Hospital were selected as the research subjects.CD33^(+)MDSCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC using magnetic bead separation and CD33 expression was detected by flow cytometry.The angiogenic potential of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC and healthy individuals was assessed using human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)angiogenesis assays,and the clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs in promoting angiogenesis in patients with SCLC was analyzed using clinical data.Results:Compared to healthy individuals,the CD33^(+)MDSCs(CD14^(+)CD33^(+))isolated from the peripheral blood of SCLC patients exhibited a greater ability to promote HUVEC tubular growth(average vessel length:57.60 mm[47.78 mm]vs.39.07 mm[15.84 mm],p=0.000;vessel area:371,890 mm^(3)[699,927 mm^(3)]vs.334,652 mm^(3)[219,520 mm^(3)],p<0.000;total number of junctions:141[301]vs.120[94],p<0.005),and their angiogenic ability was associated with older age,female sex,high performance status scores,no systematic treatment,and treatment unresponsiveness(p<0.050).Furthermore,the enhanced angiogenic ability of CD33^(+)MDSCs may represent a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness(average vessel length:Odds ratio=3.904,95%CI=1.812-8.409,p=0.001;vessel area:Odds ratio=2.501,95%CI=1.187-5.267,p=0.016;total number of junctions:Odds ratio=3.630,95%CI=1.686-7.815,p=0.001)and is associated with a poor SCLC prognosis(average vessel length:Hazard ratio=2.210,95%CI=1.299-3.758,p=0.003;vessel area:Hazard ratio=2.170,95%CI=1.274-3.693,p=0.004;total number of junctions:Hazard ratio=2.267,95%CI=1.333-3.853,p=0.003).Conclusion:CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC promote angiogenesis,which is a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness and is associated with poor prognosis.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(Grant No.2025L092)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12071120).
文摘In this paper,we identify conditions on the change of rings to induce functors between the two pure derived(resp.,pure singularity)categories.Then we construct recollements of pure derived categories and pure singularity categories for a formal triangular matrix ring,respectively.As an application,we study the pure global dimension of a formal triangular matrix ring.
文摘Mitophagy is a well-characterized and redundant recycling system for damaged mitochondria and a marker of organelle quality(Picca et al.,2023).Yet,the assessment of mitophagy in vivo remains a challenge.The characterization of the endosomallysosomal pathways supporting the endocytic tra fficking has provided invaluable information also into mitophagy signaling.
基金financial support of this work by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21861039)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX24_2530)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of pyridinemethanol with ketones is one of the most reliable methodologies to access functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.However,it is challenging to develop environmentally friendly catalytic systems,especially in constructing efficient and recyclable catalysts under water or solvent-free conditions.Here,we designed two novel coordination polymers Cd-CPs and Fe-CPs to investigate their catalytic performance in water.Gratifyingly,it was observed that Cd-CPs as a multifunctional catalyst was successfully applied to establish a universal pathway for direct fabrication of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives under water conditions,while it was effective for the synthesis of1,3,5-triazines through acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling strategies.The features of broad substrate,high atom efficiency,and good catalyst reusability highlight the feasibility of this transformation.In additional,we demonstrated the spindle-like structures Fe-P,derived from the Fe-CPs via phosphorylation,which can be used as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction with good stability.This work provides two highly efficient non-noble metal catalysts for functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives production and oxygen evolution reaction,and opens a new avenue to further fabricate diverse metal catalysts with high catalytic performance in water.
基金supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(Grant No.52203332)。
文摘The thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium perchlorate(AP)represents a critical factor in determining the performance of solid propellants,which has aroused significant interest on the structure and performance improvement of kinds of catalysts.In this study,bimetallic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),such as CuCo-BTC(BTC=1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid,H_(3)BTC),CuNi-BTC,and CoNi-BTC,were synthesized by solvothermal(ST)and spray-drying(SD)methods,and then calcined at 400℃for 2 h to form metal oxides.The catalysts as well as their catalytic effects for AP decomposition were characterized by FTIR,XRD,SEM,XPS,TG,DSC,TG-IR,EIS,CV,and LSV.It was found that the rapid coordination of metal ions with ligands during spray drying may lead to catalytic structural defects,promoting the exposure of reactive active sites and increasing the catalytic active region.The results showed that the addition of 2 wt%binary transition metal oxides(BTMOs)as catalysts significantly reduced the high-temperature decomposition(HTD)temperature of AP and enhanced its heat release.Of particular significance is the observation that SD-CoNiO_(x),prepared by spray-drying,reduced the decomposition temperature of AP from 413.26℃(pure AP)to 306℃and enhanced the heat release from 256.79 J/g(pure AP)to 1496.82 J/g,while concomitantly reducing the activation energy by 42%.By analysing the gaseous products during the decomposition of AP+SD-CoNiO_(x)and AP+ST-CoNiO_(x),it was found that SD-CoNiO_(x)could significantly increase the content of high-valent nitrogen oxides during the AP decomposition reaction,which indicates that the BTMOs prepared by spray-drying in the reaction system are more conducive to accelerating the electron transfer in the thermal decomposition process of AP,and can provide a high concentration of reactive oxygen species that oxidize AP to high-valent nitrogen oxide-containing compounds.The present study shows that the structure selectivity of the spray-drying technique influences surfactant molecular arrangement on catalyst surfaces,resulting in their ability to promote higher electron transfer during the catalytic process.Therefore,BTMOs prepared by spray drying method have higher potential for application.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(Nos.2014A030313241,2014B090901068,and 2016A010103003)。
文摘Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]di-hexafluorophosphate(Bn-FPV),were synthesized.These viologen derivatives as active materials were used to assemble both flexible and rigid electrochromic devices(ECDs).ECDs based on DFPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to deep green and ECDs based on Bn-FPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to blue-green within applied voltage.It was found that the devices based on DFPV showed cycle stability,which could still maintain more than 90% after 1000 cycles.In addition,the modulation rate of the device to the solar irradiance is also calculated to characterize its application potential in smart windows.Among them,the rigid device(R-DFPV)based on the DFPV has a large solar irradiance modulation rate of 54.66%,which has the potential to be used as smart windows.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (Nos.2023AFB376 and 2024AFD287)National Key Research and Development Program (No.2023YFC3503804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22077044)。
文摘Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) and its derivatives have been recognized as harmful environmental pollutants.However,they are often produced during the processing of traditional Chinese medicines,potentially compromising the quality of these medicinal materials and contributing to various health issues.Due to a lack of effective monitoring and imaging tools,the physiological effects of excessive SO_(2) residues in traditional Chinese medicine remain unclear.Therefore,developing a rapid and effective tool for detecting SO_(2) is crucial for understanding its metabolic pathways and effects in vivo.In this study,we developed a near infrared(NIR) and ratiometric fluorescent probe,NIR-RS,which exhibits high sensitivity,selectivity,and rapid response for SO_(2) detection.Notably,NIR-RS accurately quantifies SO_(2) contents in Pinelliae rhizoma(P.rhizoma) samples,with recovery rates from 98.46 % to 102.40 %,and relative standard deviations(RSDs)< 5.0 %.For bioimaging applications,NIR-RS has low cytotoxicity and good mitochondrial-targeting ability,making it suitable for imaging exogenous and endogenous SO_(2) in mitochondria.Additionally,NIR-RS was successfully applied to image SO_(2) content of P.rhizoma samples within cells,revealing that high SO_(2) residue elevated mitochondria adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content,these findings reveal that P.rhizoma with excessive SO_(2) can affect the organism's growth mechanisms through alterations in ATP pathways.In vivo,SO_(2) was found to predominantly accumulate in the liver following gavage with P.rhizoma solution,with accumulation levels increasing in proportion to SO_(2) residue concentration.High SO_(2) concentrations in P.rhizoma can cause pulmonary fibrosis and gastric mucosal damage.This work provides a valuable tool for regulating SO_(2) content in P.rhizoma and may help researcher better understand the metabolism of SO_(2) derivatives and explore their physiological roles in biological systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22372143 and 22208281)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(Nos.B2023203001 and B2025203050)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(BJK2024122)。
文摘Rational design of non-noble electrocatalysts with high performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)still remains a challenge.In this study,a ZIF-derived electrocatalyst(Co@Fe-P)with a core-shell structure is designed by using Co-compounds as the core and PO_(4)^(3-)decorated Fe-compounds as the shell.The inner Co-core and outer Fe-shell are connected through Co-O-Fe and Fe-O-P linkage.The Co@Fe-P electrocatalyst exhibits an enhanced performance for OER with a low overpotential(280 mV),low Tafel slope(41.9 mV dec^(-1))at 10 mA cm^(-2),and a 60-h durability.The electron transfer from the CoOOH-core to the FeOOH-shell is greatly facilitated,which improves the OER activity of Co@Fe-P kinetically.Theoretical calculations indicate that the interaction of Co-O-Fe and Fe-O-P in Co@Fe-P reduces the overlap between the O 2p and Fe 3d orbitals,which greatly facilitates the transformation from*OH to*O during the OER process via the adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM)pathway.This finding provides insight for the design of efficient electrocatalysts for OER.
基金supported by FWO(Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek),grant number G07562NFWO(to BB)。
文摘Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated to neuroinflammation,such as Alzheimer's disease,it is now shown to precede pathological protein aggregations.
