Let R be an arbitrary commutative ring with identity, and let Nn（R） be the set consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the maps（with...Let R be an arbitrary commutative ring with identity, and let Nn（R） be the set consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the maps（without linearity or additivity assumption） φ ： Nn（R） → Nn（R）satisfying φ（xy） = φ（x）y ＋ xφ（y）. As a consequence, additive derivations and derivations of Nn（R） are also described.展开更多
Let F be a field of characteristic 0, Mn（F） the full matrix algebra over F, t the subalgebra of Mn（F） consisting of all upper triangular matrices. Any subalgebra of Mn（F） containing t is called a parabolic subal...Let F be a field of characteristic 0, Mn（F） the full matrix algebra over F, t the subalgebra of Mn（F） consisting of all upper triangular matrices. Any subalgebra of Mn（F） containing t is called a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. Let P be a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. A map φ on P is said to satisfy derivability if φ（x·y） = φ（x）·y＋x·φ（y） for all x,y ∈ P, where φ is not necessarily linear. Note that a map satisfying derivability on P is not necessarily a derivation on P. In this paper, we prove that a map φ on P satisfies derivability if and only if φ is a sum of an inner derivation and an additive quasi-derivation on P. In particular, any derivation of parabolic subalgebras of Mn（F） is an inner derivation.展开更多
Introduction:One of the main events that regulate a cell’s well-being is cell-to-cell communication.This intercellular mechanism of information transfer is often mediated by vesicular trafficking.Mitochondrial-derive...Introduction:One of the main events that regulate a cell’s well-being is cell-to-cell communication.This intercellular mechanism of information transfer is often mediated by vesicular trafficking.Mitochondrial-derived vesicles(MDVs)are an emerging subpopulation of extracellular vesicle(EV)first discovered in 2008 that allow mitochondria to communicate with their surroundings.展开更多
Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)...Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]di-hexafluorophosphate(Bn-FPV),were synthesized.These viologen derivatives as active materials were used to assemble both flexible and rigid electrochromic devices(ECDs).ECDs based on DFPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to deep green and ECDs based on Bn-FPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to blue-green within applied voltage.It was found that the devices based on DFPV showed cycle stability,which could still maintain more than 90% after 1000 cycles.In addition,the modulation rate of the device to the solar irradiance is also calculated to characterize its application potential in smart windows.Among them,the rigid device(R-DFPV)based on the DFPV has a large solar irradiance modulation rate of 54.66%,which has the potential to be used as smart windows.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated ...Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated to neuroinflammation,such as Alzheimer's disease,it is now shown to precede pathological protein aggregations.展开更多
Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.However,adult tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells en...Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.However,adult tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells encounter various obstacles,including limited tissue sources,invasive acquisition methods,cellular heterogeneity,purification challenges,cellular senescence,and diminished pluripotency and proliferation over successive passages.In this study,we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells,known for their self-renewal capacity,multilineage differentiation potential,and immunomodulatory characteristics.We used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells in conjunction with acellular nerve allografts to address a 10 mm-long defect in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.Our findings reveal that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit survival for up to 17 days in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury with acellular nerve allograft transplantation.Furthermore,the combination of acellular nerve allograft and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly accelerates the regeneration of injured axons and improves behavioral function recovery in rats.Additionally,our in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells play a pivotal role in promoting neovascularization.Collectively,our results suggest the potential of acellular nerve allografts with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells to augment nerve regeneration in rats,offering promising therapeutic strategies for clinical translation.展开更多
Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological damage.Hypoxic preconditioning has been shown to impr...Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological damage.Hypoxic preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest,but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are unknown.To this end,we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen–glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis,possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB pathways.Subsequently,we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by asphyxia.The results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest–induced neuronal pyroptosis,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial damage,whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these effects.To conclude,hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest,and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.展开更多
Pitch produced by the lique-faction of coal was divided into two frac-tions:soluble in toluene(TS)and insol-uble in toluene but soluble in pyridine(TI-PS),and their differences in molecu-lar structure and oxidation ac...Pitch produced by the lique-faction of coal was divided into two frac-tions:soluble in toluene(TS)and insol-uble in toluene but soluble in pyridine(TI-PS),and their differences in molecu-lar structure and oxidation activity were studied.Several different carbon materi-als were produced from them by oxida-tion in air(350℃,300 mL/min)fol-lowed by carbonization(1000℃ in Ar),and the effect of the cross-linked structure on their structure and sodium storage properties was investigated.The results showed that the two pitch fractions were obviously different after the air oxidation.The TS fraction with a low degree of condensation and abundant side chains had a stronger oxidation activity and thus introduced more cross-linked oxygen-containing functional groups C(O)―O which prevented carbon layer rearrangement during the carbonization.As a result,a disordered hard carbon with more defects was formed,which improved the electrochemical performance.Therefore,the carbon materials derived from TS(O-TS-1000)had an obvious disordered structure and a larger layer spacing,giving them better sodium storage perform-ance than those derived from the TI-PS fraction(O-TI-PS-1000).The specific capacity of O-TS-1000 was about 250 mAh/g at 20 mA/g,which was 1.67 times higher than that of O-TI-PS-1000(150 mAh/g).展开更多
Non-stoichiometric carbides have been proven to be effective electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials.In this study,phase and morphology of XZnC(X=Fe/Co/Cu)loaded on a three dimensional(3D)network structure melami...Non-stoichiometric carbides have been proven to be effective electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials.In this study,phase and morphology of XZnC(X=Fe/Co/Cu)loaded on a three dimensional(3D)network structure melamine sponge(MS)carbon composites were investigated through vacuum filtration followed by calcination.The FeZnC/CoZnC/CuZnC with carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were uniformly dispersed on the surface of melamine sponge carbon skeleton and Co-containing sample exhibits the highest CNTs concentration.The minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of the CoZnC/MS composite(m_(composite):m_(paraffin)=1:1,m represents mass)reached-33.60 dB,and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)reached 9.60 GHz.The outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)properties of the CoZnC/MS composite can be attributed to its unique hollow structure,which leads to multiple reflections and scattering.The formed conductive network improves dielectric and conductive loss.The incorporation of Co enhances the magnetic loss capability and optimizes interfacial polarization and dipole polarization.By simultaneously improving dielectric and magnetic losses,ex-cellent impedance matching performance is achieved.The clarification of element replacement in XZnC/MS composites provides an effi-cient design perspective for high-performance non-stoichiometric carbide EMW absorbers.展开更多
Guided by molecular networking,nine novel curvularin derivatives(1-9)and 16 known analogs(10-25)were isolated from the hydrothermal vent sediment fungus Penicillium sp.HL-50.Notably,compounds 5-7 represented a hybrid ...Guided by molecular networking,nine novel curvularin derivatives(1-9)and 16 known analogs(10-25)were isolated from the hydrothermal vent sediment fungus Penicillium sp.HL-50.Notably,compounds 5-7 represented a hybrid of curvularin and purine.The structures and absolute configurations of compounds 1-9 were elucidated via nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations,^(13)C NMR calculation,modified Mosher's method,and chemical derivatization.Investigation of anti-inflammatory activities revealed that compounds 7-9,11,12,14,15,and 18 exhibited significant suppressive effects against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO)production in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells,with IC_(50)values ranging from 0.44 to 4.40μmol·L^(-1).Furthermore,these bioactive compounds were found to suppress the expression of inflammation-related proteins,including inducible NO synthase(i NOS),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB).Additional studies demonstrated that the novel compound 7 possessed potent antiinflammatory activity by inhibiting the transcription of inflammation-related genes,downregulating the expression of inflammation-related proteins,and inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines,indicating its potential application in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.展开更多
Exosomes have shown good potential in ischemic injury disease treatments.However,evidence about their effect and molecular mechanisms in osteonecrosis of femoral head(ONFH)treatment is still limited.Here,we revealed t...Exosomes have shown good potential in ischemic injury disease treatments.However,evidence about their effect and molecular mechanisms in osteonecrosis of femoral head(ONFH)treatment is still limited.Here,we revealed the cell biology characters of ONFH osteonecrosis area bone tissue in single cell scale and thus identified a novel ONFH treatment approach based on M2 macrophages-derived exosomes(M2-Exos).We further show that M2-Exos are highly effective in the treatment of ONFH by modulating the phenotypes communication between neutrophil and endothelium including neutrophil extracellular traps formation and endothelial phenotype transition.Additionally,we identified that M2-Exos’therapeutic effect is attributed to the high content of miR-93-5p and constructed miR-93-5p overexpression model in vitro and in vivo based on lentivirus and adenoassociated virus respectively.Then we found miR-93-5p can not only reduce neutrophil extracellular traps formation but also improve angiogenic ability of endothelial cells.These results provided a new theoretical basis for the clinical application of ONFH therapeutic exosomes.展开更多
The poor reversibility and stability of Zn anodes greatly restrict the practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs),resulting from the uncontrollable dendrite growth and H_(2)O-induced side reactions durin...The poor reversibility and stability of Zn anodes greatly restrict the practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs),resulting from the uncontrollable dendrite growth and H_(2)O-induced side reactions during cycling.Electrolyte additive modification is considered one of the most effective and simplest methods for solving the aforementioned problems.Herein,the pyridine derivatives(PD)including 2,4-dihydroxypyridine(2,4-DHP),2,3-dihydroxypyridine(2,3-DHP),and 2-hydroxypyrdine(2-DHP),were em-ployed as novel electrolyte additives in ZnSO_(4)electrolyte.Both density functional theory calculation and experimental findings demonstrated that the incorporation of PD additives into the electrolyte effectively modulates the solvation structure of hydrated Zn ions,thereby suppressing side reactions in AZIBs.Ad-ditionally,the adsorption of PD molecules on the zinc anode surface contributed to uniform Zn deposi-tion and dendrite growth inhibition.Consequently,a 2,4-DHP-modified Zn/Zn symmetrical cell achieved an extremely long cyclic stability up to 5650 h at 1 mA cm^(-2).Furthermore,the Zn/NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)full cell with 2,4-DHP-containing electrolyte exhibited an outstanding initial capacity of 204 mAh g^(-1),with a no-table capacity retention of 79%after 1000 cycles at 5 A g^(-1).Hence,this study expands the selection of electrolyte additives for AZIBs,and the working mechanism of PD additives provides new insights for electrolyte modification enabling highly reversible zinc anode.展开更多
Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is an important material for hydrogen(H_(2))storage and transportation owing to its high capacity and reversibility.However,its intrinsic properties have considerably limited its industrial a...Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is an important material for hydrogen(H_(2))storage and transportation owing to its high capacity and reversibility.However,its intrinsic properties have considerably limited its industrial application.In this study,the NiFe-800 catalyst as metal-organic framework(MOF)derivative was first utilized to promote the intrinsic properties of MgH_(2).Compared to pure MgH_(2),which releases1.24 wt%H_(2)in 60 min at 275℃,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite releases 5.85 wt%H_(2)in the same time.Even at a lower temperature of 250℃,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite releases 3.57 wt%H_(2),surpassing the performance of pure MgH_(2)at 275℃.Correspondingly,while pure MgH_(2)absorbs 2.08 wt%H_(2)in60 min at 125℃,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite absorbs 5.35 wt%H_(2)in just 1 min,Remarkably,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite absorbs 2.27 wt%H_(2)in 60 min at 50℃and 4.64 wt%H_(2)at 75℃.This indicates that MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 exhibits optimum performance with excellent kinetics at low temperatures.Furthermore,the capacity of the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite remains largely stable after 10cycles.Moreover,the Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4)acts as a"hydrogen pump",providing effective diffusion channels that enhance the kinetic process of the composite during cycling.Additionally,Fe0facilitates electron transfer and creates hydrogen diffusion channels and catalytic sites.Finally,carbon(C)effectively prevents particle agglomeration and maintains the cyclic stability of the composites.Consequently,the synergistic effects of Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4),Fe^(0),and C considerably improve the kinetic properties and cycling stability of MgH_(2).This work offers an effective and valuable approach to improving the hydrogen storage efficiency in the commercial application of MgH_(2).展开更多
This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high con...This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high concentrations of 16 EPA PAHs(∑Parent-PAHs)in smelting subarea of studied petroleum refinery facility,total derivatives of PAHs[named as XPAHs,including nitro PAHs(NPAHs),chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),and brominated PAHs(Br-PAHs)]in gas(mean=1.57×10^(4)ng/m^(3)),total suspended particulate(TSP)(mean=4.33×10^(3) ng/m^(3))and soil(mean=4.37×10^(3) ng/g)in this subarea had 1.76-6.19 times higher levels than those from other subareas of this facility,surrounding residential areas and reference areas,indicating that petroleum refining processes would lead apparent derivation of PAHs.Especially,compared with those in residential and reference areas,gas samples in the petrochemical areas had higher∑NPAH/∑PAHs(mean=2.18),but lower∑Cl-PAH/∑PAHs(mean=1.43×10^(-1))and∑Br-PAH/∑PAHs ratios(mean=7.49×10^(-2)),indicating the richer nitrification of PAHs than chlorination during petrochemical process.The occupational exposure to PAHs and XPAHs in this petroleum refinery facility were 24-343 times higher than non-occupational exposure,and the ILCR(1.04×10^(-4))for petrochemical workers was considered to be potential high risk.Furthermore,one expanded high-resolution screening through GC Orbitrap/MS was performed for soils from petrochemical area,and another 35 PAHs were found,including alkyl-PAHs,phenyl-PAHs and other species,indicat-ing that profiles and risks of PAHs analogs in petrochemical areas deserve further expanded investigation.展开更多
Following the discovery of bone as an endocrine organ with systemic influence,bone-brain interaction has emerged as a research hotspot,unveiling complex bidirectional communication between bone and brain.Studies indic...Following the discovery of bone as an endocrine organ with systemic influence,bone-brain interaction has emerged as a research hotspot,unveiling complex bidirectional communication between bone and brain.Studies indicate that bone and brain can influence each other’s homeostasis via multiple pathways,yet there is a dearth of systematic reviews in this area.This review comprehensively examines interactions across three key areas:the influence of bone-derived factors on brain function,the effects of brain-related diseases or injuries(BRDI)on bone health,and the concept of skeletal interoception.Additionally,the review discusses innovative approaches in biomaterial design inspired by bone-brain interaction mechanisms,aiming to facilitate bonebrain interactions through materiobiological effects to aid in the treatment of neurodegenerative and bone-related diseases.Notably,the integration of artificial intelligence(AI)in biomaterial design is highlighted,showcasing AI’s role in expediting the formulation of effective and targeted treatment strategies.In conclusion,this review offers vital insights into the mechanisms of bone-brain interaction and suggests advanced approaches to harness these interactions in clinical practice.These insights offer promising avenues for preventing and treating complex diseases impacting the skeleton and brain,underscoring the potential of interdisciplinary approaches in enhancing human health.展开更多
This article studies the existence and uniqueness of the mild solution of a family of control systems with a delay that are governed by the nonlinear fractional evolution differential equations in Banach spaces.Moreov...This article studies the existence and uniqueness of the mild solution of a family of control systems with a delay that are governed by the nonlinear fractional evolution differential equations in Banach spaces.Moreover,we establish the controllability of the considered system.To do so,first,we investigate the approximate controllability of the corresponding linear system.Subsequently,we prove the nonlinear system is approximately controllable if the corresponding linear system is approximately controllable.To reach the conclusions,the theory of resolvent operators,the Banach contraction mapping principle,and fixed point theorems are used.While concluding,some examples are given to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed results.展开更多
Tissue interactions play a crucial role in tooth development.Notably,extracellular vesicle-mediated interactions between the mandible and tooth germ are considered essential.Here,we revealed that mandible extracellula...Tissue interactions play a crucial role in tooth development.Notably,extracellular vesicle-mediated interactions between the mandible and tooth germ are considered essential.Here,we revealed that mandible extracellular vesicles could modulate the proliferation and differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells by regulating the histone demethylase KDM2B.Further investigation showed that mandible derived extracellular vesicles could deliver miR-206 to KDM2B,thereby regulating tooth development.An animal study demonstrated that the miR-206/KDM2B pathway affected tooth morphogenesis and mineralization after eight weeks of subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice.In conclusion,this study suggested that the mandible played a critical role in tooth morphogenesis and mineralization,which could be a potential therapeutic target for abnormal tooth development and an alternative model for tooth regeneration.展开更多
Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels.tsRNAs are not on...Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels.tsRNAs are not only degradation fragments but also have biological functions,including those in immune inflammation,metabolic disorders,and cell death.tsRNA dysregulation is closely associated with multiple diseases,including various cancers and acute pancreatitis(AP).AP is a common gastrointestinal disease,and its incidence increases annually.AP development is associated with tsRNAs,which regulate cell injury and induce inflammation,especially pyroptosis and ferroptosis.Notably,serum tRF36 has the potential to serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker and leads to pancreatic acinar cell ferroptosis causing inflammation to promote AP.We show the characteristics of tsRNAs and their diagnostic value and function in AP,and discuss the potential opportunities and challenges of using tsRNAs in clinical applications and research.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1117134311426121)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology(Grant Nos.NSFJ2014–K12NSFJ2015–G24)
文摘Let R be an arbitrary commutative ring with identity, and let Nn（R） be the set consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the maps（without linearity or additivity assumption） φ ： Nn（R） → Nn（R）satisfying φ（xy） = φ（x）y ＋ xφ（y）. As a consequence, additive derivations and derivations of Nn（R） are also described.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11071040)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2009J05005)
文摘Let F be a field of characteristic 0, Mn（F） the full matrix algebra over F, t the subalgebra of Mn（F） consisting of all upper triangular matrices. Any subalgebra of Mn（F） containing t is called a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. Let P be a parabolic subalgebra of Mn（F）. A map φ on P is said to satisfy derivability if φ（x·y） = φ（x）·y＋x·φ（y） for all x,y ∈ P, where φ is not necessarily linear. Note that a map satisfying derivability on P is not necessarily a derivation on P. In this paper, we prove that a map φ on P satisfies derivability if and only if φ is a sum of an inner derivation and an additive quasi-derivation on P. In particular, any derivation of parabolic subalgebras of Mn（F） is an inner derivation.
基金supported by project Emerging Infectious Diseases One Health Basic and Translational Research Actions addressing Unmet Needs on Emerging Infectious Diseases,INF-ACT,Spoke 1 and Spoke 5,Project number PE00000007,CUP B53C20040570005(to PP and DN).
文摘Introduction:One of the main events that regulate a cell’s well-being is cell-to-cell communication.This intercellular mechanism of information transfer is often mediated by vesicular trafficking.Mitochondrial-derived vesicles(MDVs)are an emerging subpopulation of extracellular vesicle(EV)first discovered in 2008 that allow mitochondria to communicate with their surroundings.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(Nos.2014A030313241,2014B090901068,and 2016A010103003)。
文摘Two viologen derivatives containing fluorine substituent(F)with an asymmetric structures,1,1'-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate(DFPV)and 1-benzyl-1'-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]di-hexafluorophosphate(Bn-FPV),were synthesized.These viologen derivatives as active materials were used to assemble both flexible and rigid electrochromic devices(ECDs).ECDs based on DFPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to deep green and ECDs based on Bn-FPV exhibited reversible color change from colorless to blue-green within applied voltage.It was found that the devices based on DFPV showed cycle stability,which could still maintain more than 90% after 1000 cycles.In addition,the modulation rate of the device to the solar irradiance is also calculated to characterize its application potential in smart windows.Among them,the rigid device(R-DFPV)based on the DFPV has a large solar irradiance modulation rate of 54.66%,which has the potential to be used as smart windows.
基金supported by FWO(Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek),grant number G07562NFWO(to BB)。
文摘Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated to neuroinflammation,such as Alzheimer's disease,it is now shown to precede pathological protein aggregations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32171356(to YW)Self-Support Research Projects of Shihezi University,No.ZZZC2021105(to WJ)+1 种基金Capital Medical University Natural Science Cultivation Fund,No.PYZ23044(to FQM)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,No.7244410(to JHD)。
文摘Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.However,adult tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells encounter various obstacles,including limited tissue sources,invasive acquisition methods,cellular heterogeneity,purification challenges,cellular senescence,and diminished pluripotency and proliferation over successive passages.In this study,we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells,known for their self-renewal capacity,multilineage differentiation potential,and immunomodulatory characteristics.We used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells in conjunction with acellular nerve allografts to address a 10 mm-long defect in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.Our findings reveal that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit survival for up to 17 days in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury with acellular nerve allograft transplantation.Furthermore,the combination of acellular nerve allograft and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly accelerates the regeneration of injured axons and improves behavioral function recovery in rats.Additionally,our in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells play a pivotal role in promoting neovascularization.Collectively,our results suggest the potential of acellular nerve allografts with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells to augment nerve regeneration in rats,offering promising therapeutic strategies for clinical translation.
基金supported by the Natural Science Fund of Fujian Province,No.2020J011058(to JK)the Project of Fujian Provincial Hospital for High-level Hospital Construction,No.2020HSJJ12(to JK)+1 种基金the Fujian Provincial Finance Department Special Fund,No.(2021)848(to FC)the Fujian Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Special Projects on Health,No.2022ZD01008(to FC).
文摘Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological damage.Hypoxic preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest,but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are unknown.To this end,we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen–glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis,possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB pathways.Subsequently,we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by asphyxia.The results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest–induced neuronal pyroptosis,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial damage,whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these effects.To conclude,hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest,and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.
文摘Pitch produced by the lique-faction of coal was divided into two frac-tions:soluble in toluene(TS)and insol-uble in toluene but soluble in pyridine(TI-PS),and their differences in molecu-lar structure and oxidation activity were studied.Several different carbon materi-als were produced from them by oxida-tion in air(350℃,300 mL/min)fol-lowed by carbonization(1000℃ in Ar),and the effect of the cross-linked structure on their structure and sodium storage properties was investigated.The results showed that the two pitch fractions were obviously different after the air oxidation.The TS fraction with a low degree of condensation and abundant side chains had a stronger oxidation activity and thus introduced more cross-linked oxygen-containing functional groups C(O)―O which prevented carbon layer rearrangement during the carbonization.As a result,a disordered hard carbon with more defects was formed,which improved the electrochemical performance.Therefore,the carbon materials derived from TS(O-TS-1000)had an obvious disordered structure and a larger layer spacing,giving them better sodium storage perform-ance than those derived from the TI-PS fraction(O-TI-PS-1000).The specific capacity of O-TS-1000 was about 250 mAh/g at 20 mA/g,which was 1.67 times higher than that of O-TI-PS-1000(150 mAh/g).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52101274,52377026 and 52472131)Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province,China(No.tsqn202103057)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Nos.ZR2020QE011 and ZR2022ME089)the Qingchuang Talents Induction Program of Shandong Higher Education Institution,China(Research and Innovation Team of Structural-Functional Polymer Composites)Youth Top Talent Foundation of Yantai University,China(No.2219008)Graduate Innovation Foundation of Yantai University,China(No.GIFYTU2240)College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project,China(No.202311066088).
文摘Non-stoichiometric carbides have been proven to be effective electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials.In this study,phase and morphology of XZnC(X=Fe/Co/Cu)loaded on a three dimensional(3D)network structure melamine sponge(MS)carbon composites were investigated through vacuum filtration followed by calcination.The FeZnC/CoZnC/CuZnC with carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were uniformly dispersed on the surface of melamine sponge carbon skeleton and Co-containing sample exhibits the highest CNTs concentration.The minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of the CoZnC/MS composite(m_(composite):m_(paraffin)=1:1,m represents mass)reached-33.60 dB,and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)reached 9.60 GHz.The outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)properties of the CoZnC/MS composite can be attributed to its unique hollow structure,which leads to multiple reflections and scattering.The formed conductive network improves dielectric and conductive loss.The incorporation of Co enhances the magnetic loss capability and optimizes interfacial polarization and dipole polarization.By simultaneously improving dielectric and magnetic losses,ex-cellent impedance matching performance is achieved.The clarification of element replacement in XZnC/MS composites provides an effi-cient design perspective for high-performance non-stoichiometric carbide EMW absorbers.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2804101)the Guangdong Provincial Key R&D Program(No.2023B1111050011)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515010432)the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202201010305)the High-Level Talents Special Program of Zhejiang(No.2022R52036)。
文摘Guided by molecular networking,nine novel curvularin derivatives(1-9)and 16 known analogs(10-25)were isolated from the hydrothermal vent sediment fungus Penicillium sp.HL-50.Notably,compounds 5-7 represented a hybrid of curvularin and purine.The structures and absolute configurations of compounds 1-9 were elucidated via nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations,^(13)C NMR calculation,modified Mosher's method,and chemical derivatization.Investigation of anti-inflammatory activities revealed that compounds 7-9,11,12,14,15,and 18 exhibited significant suppressive effects against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO)production in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells,with IC_(50)values ranging from 0.44 to 4.40μmol·L^(-1).Furthermore,these bioactive compounds were found to suppress the expression of inflammation-related proteins,including inducible NO synthase(i NOS),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB).Additional studies demonstrated that the novel compound 7 possessed potent antiinflammatory activity by inhibiting the transcription of inflammation-related genes,downregulating the expression of inflammation-related proteins,and inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines,indicating its potential application in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.82272503)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. LQN25H060006)
文摘Exosomes have shown good potential in ischemic injury disease treatments.However,evidence about their effect and molecular mechanisms in osteonecrosis of femoral head(ONFH)treatment is still limited.Here,we revealed the cell biology characters of ONFH osteonecrosis area bone tissue in single cell scale and thus identified a novel ONFH treatment approach based on M2 macrophages-derived exosomes(M2-Exos).We further show that M2-Exos are highly effective in the treatment of ONFH by modulating the phenotypes communication between neutrophil and endothelium including neutrophil extracellular traps formation and endothelial phenotype transition.Additionally,we identified that M2-Exos’therapeutic effect is attributed to the high content of miR-93-5p and constructed miR-93-5p overexpression model in vitro and in vivo based on lentivirus and adenoassociated virus respectively.Then we found miR-93-5p can not only reduce neutrophil extracellular traps formation but also improve angiogenic ability of endothelial cells.These results provided a new theoretical basis for the clinical application of ONFH therapeutic exosomes.
基金supported by the Key Science and Technol-ogy Program of Henan Province(No.232102241020)the Ph.D.Research Startup Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology(No.400613480015)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Startup Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology(No.400613554001)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300420021).
文摘The poor reversibility and stability of Zn anodes greatly restrict the practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs),resulting from the uncontrollable dendrite growth and H_(2)O-induced side reactions during cycling.Electrolyte additive modification is considered one of the most effective and simplest methods for solving the aforementioned problems.Herein,the pyridine derivatives(PD)including 2,4-dihydroxypyridine(2,4-DHP),2,3-dihydroxypyridine(2,3-DHP),and 2-hydroxypyrdine(2-DHP),were em-ployed as novel electrolyte additives in ZnSO_(4)electrolyte.Both density functional theory calculation and experimental findings demonstrated that the incorporation of PD additives into the electrolyte effectively modulates the solvation structure of hydrated Zn ions,thereby suppressing side reactions in AZIBs.Ad-ditionally,the adsorption of PD molecules on the zinc anode surface contributed to uniform Zn deposi-tion and dendrite growth inhibition.Consequently,a 2,4-DHP-modified Zn/Zn symmetrical cell achieved an extremely long cyclic stability up to 5650 h at 1 mA cm^(-2).Furthermore,the Zn/NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)full cell with 2,4-DHP-containing electrolyte exhibited an outstanding initial capacity of 204 mAh g^(-1),with a no-table capacity retention of 79%after 1000 cycles at 5 A g^(-1).Hence,this study expands the selection of electrolyte additives for AZIBs,and the working mechanism of PD additives provides new insights for electrolyte modification enabling highly reversible zinc anode.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province(2024A1515010228)the Research and demonstration application of intelligent sensing technology for lithium ion battery energy storage(SPICXJ-HTBBC-2022-01).
文摘Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is an important material for hydrogen(H_(2))storage and transportation owing to its high capacity and reversibility.However,its intrinsic properties have considerably limited its industrial application.In this study,the NiFe-800 catalyst as metal-organic framework(MOF)derivative was first utilized to promote the intrinsic properties of MgH_(2).Compared to pure MgH_(2),which releases1.24 wt%H_(2)in 60 min at 275℃,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite releases 5.85 wt%H_(2)in the same time.Even at a lower temperature of 250℃,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite releases 3.57 wt%H_(2),surpassing the performance of pure MgH_(2)at 275℃.Correspondingly,while pure MgH_(2)absorbs 2.08 wt%H_(2)in60 min at 125℃,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite absorbs 5.35 wt%H_(2)in just 1 min,Remarkably,the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite absorbs 2.27 wt%H_(2)in 60 min at 50℃and 4.64 wt%H_(2)at 75℃.This indicates that MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 exhibits optimum performance with excellent kinetics at low temperatures.Furthermore,the capacity of the MgH_(2)-10 NiFe-800 composite remains largely stable after 10cycles.Moreover,the Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4)acts as a"hydrogen pump",providing effective diffusion channels that enhance the kinetic process of the composite during cycling.Additionally,Fe0facilitates electron transfer and creates hydrogen diffusion channels and catalytic sites.Finally,carbon(C)effectively prevents particle agglomeration and maintains the cyclic stability of the composites.Consequently,the synergistic effects of Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4),Fe^(0),and C considerably improve the kinetic properties and cycling stability of MgH_(2).This work offers an effective and valuable approach to improving the hydrogen storage efficiency in the commercial application of MgH_(2).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1804501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22036007 and 22122611)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020ME228)the Introduction and Cultivation Plan for Young Innovative Talents of Colleges and Universities.
文摘This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high concentrations of 16 EPA PAHs(∑Parent-PAHs)in smelting subarea of studied petroleum refinery facility,total derivatives of PAHs[named as XPAHs,including nitro PAHs(NPAHs),chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),and brominated PAHs(Br-PAHs)]in gas(mean=1.57×10^(4)ng/m^(3)),total suspended particulate(TSP)(mean=4.33×10^(3) ng/m^(3))and soil(mean=4.37×10^(3) ng/g)in this subarea had 1.76-6.19 times higher levels than those from other subareas of this facility,surrounding residential areas and reference areas,indicating that petroleum refining processes would lead apparent derivation of PAHs.Especially,compared with those in residential and reference areas,gas samples in the petrochemical areas had higher∑NPAH/∑PAHs(mean=2.18),but lower∑Cl-PAH/∑PAHs(mean=1.43×10^(-1))and∑Br-PAH/∑PAHs ratios(mean=7.49×10^(-2)),indicating the richer nitrification of PAHs than chlorination during petrochemical process.The occupational exposure to PAHs and XPAHs in this petroleum refinery facility were 24-343 times higher than non-occupational exposure,and the ILCR(1.04×10^(-4))for petrochemical workers was considered to be potential high risk.Furthermore,one expanded high-resolution screening through GC Orbitrap/MS was performed for soils from petrochemical area,and another 35 PAHs were found,including alkyl-PAHs,phenyl-PAHs and other species,indicat-ing that profiles and risks of PAHs analogs in petrochemical areas deserve further expanded investigation.
基金financially supported by the Basic Science Center Program(T2288102)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32230059)+3 种基金the Foundation of Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry(JKVD1211002)the Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401128)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20230793)Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellence Program(2023251).
文摘Following the discovery of bone as an endocrine organ with systemic influence,bone-brain interaction has emerged as a research hotspot,unveiling complex bidirectional communication between bone and brain.Studies indicate that bone and brain can influence each other’s homeostasis via multiple pathways,yet there is a dearth of systematic reviews in this area.This review comprehensively examines interactions across three key areas:the influence of bone-derived factors on brain function,the effects of brain-related diseases or injuries(BRDI)on bone health,and the concept of skeletal interoception.Additionally,the review discusses innovative approaches in biomaterial design inspired by bone-brain interaction mechanisms,aiming to facilitate bonebrain interactions through materiobiological effects to aid in the treatment of neurodegenerative and bone-related diseases.Notably,the integration of artificial intelligence(AI)in biomaterial design is highlighted,showcasing AI’s role in expediting the formulation of effective and targeted treatment strategies.In conclusion,this review offers vital insights into the mechanisms of bone-brain interaction and suggests advanced approaches to harness these interactions in clinical practice.These insights offer promising avenues for preventing and treating complex diseases impacting the skeleton and brain,underscoring the potential of interdisciplinary approaches in enhancing human health.
文摘This article studies the existence and uniqueness of the mild solution of a family of control systems with a delay that are governed by the nonlinear fractional evolution differential equations in Banach spaces.Moreover,we establish the controllability of the considered system.To do so,first,we investigate the approximate controllability of the corresponding linear system.Subsequently,we prove the nonlinear system is approximately controllable if the corresponding linear system is approximately controllable.To reach the conclusions,the theory of resolvent operators,the Banach contraction mapping principle,and fixed point theorems are used.While concluding,some examples are given to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071078,82370939)the Shaanxi Provincial High-level Talent Program and Young Talent Support Plan of Xi’an Jiaotong University.
文摘Tissue interactions play a crucial role in tooth development.Notably,extracellular vesicle-mediated interactions between the mandible and tooth germ are considered essential.Here,we revealed that mandible extracellular vesicles could modulate the proliferation and differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells by regulating the histone demethylase KDM2B.Further investigation showed that mandible derived extracellular vesicles could deliver miR-206 to KDM2B,thereby regulating tooth development.An animal study demonstrated that the miR-206/KDM2B pathway affected tooth morphogenesis and mineralization after eight weeks of subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice.In conclusion,this study suggested that the mandible played a critical role in tooth morphogenesis and mineralization,which could be a potential therapeutic target for abnormal tooth development and an alternative model for tooth regeneration.
基金Supported by the Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme,No.2023CXQD075。
文摘Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels.tsRNAs are not only degradation fragments but also have biological functions,including those in immune inflammation,metabolic disorders,and cell death.tsRNA dysregulation is closely associated with multiple diseases,including various cancers and acute pancreatitis(AP).AP is a common gastrointestinal disease,and its incidence increases annually.AP development is associated with tsRNAs,which regulate cell injury and induce inflammation,especially pyroptosis and ferroptosis.Notably,serum tRF36 has the potential to serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker and leads to pancreatic acinar cell ferroptosis causing inflammation to promote AP.We show the characteristics of tsRNAs and their diagnostic value and function in AP,and discuss the potential opportunities and challenges of using tsRNAs in clinical applications and research.
