In this paper a time dependent inventory model is developed on the basis of constant production rate and market demands which are exponentially decreasing. It advances in quest of total average optimum cost considerin...In this paper a time dependent inventory model is developed on the basis of constant production rate and market demands which are exponentially decreasing. It advances in quest of total average optimum cost considering those products which have finite shelf-life. The model also considers the small amount of decay. Without having any sort of backlogs, production starts. Reaching at the desired level of inventories, it stops production. After that due to demands along with the deterioration of the items it initiates its depletion and after certain periods the inventory gets zero. The decay of the products is level dependent. The objective of this paper is to find out the optimum inventory cost and optimum time cycle. The model has also been justified with proving the convex property and by giving a numerical example.展开更多
China’s energy demand growth rate is expected to slow down next year, with the government’s efforts to curb energy consumption intensive industries taking effect, executives from State oil and power companies said y...China’s energy demand growth rate is expected to slow down next year, with the government’s efforts to curb energy consumption intensive industries taking effect, executives from State oil and power companies said yesterday. Refined oil product consumption in China is likely展开更多
Exchange rate functions under systems of centrallyplanned economy and market economy are quite different,and the mechanism to determine such exchange rate is alsodifferent. To adopt a socialist market economic system ...Exchange rate functions under systems of centrallyplanned economy and market economy are quite different,and the mechanism to determine such exchange rate is alsodifferent. To adopt a socialist market economic system inChina, the exchange rate mechanism of Renminbi must bethoroughly transformed. To accomplish this goal, I believethere are three problems that must be solved: first,展开更多
The present paper focuses an optimal policy of an inventory model for deteriorating items with generalized demand rate and deterioration rate. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The salvage value is inclu...The present paper focuses an optimal policy of an inventory model for deteriorating items with generalized demand rate and deterioration rate. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The salvage value is included into deteriorated units. The main objective of the model is to minimize the total cost by optimizing the value of the shortage point, cycle length and order quantity. A numerical example is carried out to illustrate the model and sensitivity analyses of major parameters are discussed.展开更多
在可再生能源和电动汽车高渗透率“双高”背景下,电网供需不确定性显著上升,亟须新的规划与调度策略以保障运行稳定。为此提出一种基于数据驱动的多源融合方法,构建充电需求预测模型,实现充电设施布局与动态充放电策略的联合优化。以Ope...在可再生能源和电动汽车高渗透率“双高”背景下,电网供需不确定性显著上升,亟须新的规划与调度策略以保障运行稳定。为此提出一种基于数据驱动的多源融合方法,构建充电需求预测模型,实现充电设施布局与动态充放电策略的联合优化。以Open配电系统仿真器(Open distribution system simulator,OpenDSS)平台为载体,对一个典型配电网络进行建模与仿真。研究结果表明,所提方法能够有效降低电网峰谷差,提升电网运行稳定性及充电设施利用率,并降低用户充电等待时间。展开更多
The article deals with an economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model for deteriorating items in which the supplier provides the purchaser a permissible delay in payment. This is so when deterioration of units in th...The article deals with an economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model for deteriorating items in which the supplier provides the purchaser a permissible delay in payment. This is so when deterioration of units in the inventory is subject to constant deterioration rate, demand rate is quadratic function of time and salvage value is associated with the deteriorated units. Shortages in the system are not allowed to occur. A mathematical formulation is developed when the supplier offers a permissible delay period to the customers under two circumstances: 1) when delay period is less than the cycle of time;and 2) when delay period is greater than the cycle of time. The method is suitable for the items like state-of-the-art aircrafts, super computers, laptops, android mobiles, seasonal items and machines and their spare parts. A solution procedure algorithm is given for finding the optimal order quantity which minimizes the total cost of an inventory system. The article includes numerical examples to support the effectiveness of the developed model. Finally, sensitivity analysis on some parameters on optimal solution is provided.展开更多
This paper considers a model regarding the products with finite life which allows defective items in reproduction and causes a small amount of decay. The market demand is assumed to be level dependent linear type. The...This paper considers a model regarding the products with finite life which allows defective items in reproduction and causes a small amount of decay. The market demand is assumed to be level dependent linear type. The model has also considered the constant production rate which stops after a desired level of inventories and that is the highest level of it. Due to the market demand, defective item and product’s decay, the inventory reduces to the zero level where again the production cycle starts. With a numerical search procedure</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> the proof of the proposed model has been shown. The objective of the proposed model is to find out the total optimum inventory cost, optimum ordering cost and optimum ordering cycle.展开更多
“Low profit and high sales” is a strategy to increase sales volume by reducing the profit of unit goods, so that businesses can gain more profits. For flexible goods, price reduction can increase the total revenue, ...“Low profit and high sales” is a strategy to increase sales volume by reducing the profit of unit goods, so that businesses can gain more profits. For flexible goods, price reduction can increase the total revenue, but when the goods are lack of flexibility, price reduction will reduce the total revenue. In this paper, according to the sales data provided by a supermarket, we preprocess the data, establish appropriate indicators to measure the daily discount strength of the mall, and establish a mathematical model between the discount strength, sales and profit margin. Through these models, we found that meager profits do bring up sales, but too low discounts can also hurt total profits. In addition, when shopping malls implement discount promotions, they will also bring some negative effects, and we give some suggestions for this.展开更多
文摘In this paper a time dependent inventory model is developed on the basis of constant production rate and market demands which are exponentially decreasing. It advances in quest of total average optimum cost considering those products which have finite shelf-life. The model also considers the small amount of decay. Without having any sort of backlogs, production starts. Reaching at the desired level of inventories, it stops production. After that due to demands along with the deterioration of the items it initiates its depletion and after certain periods the inventory gets zero. The decay of the products is level dependent. The objective of this paper is to find out the optimum inventory cost and optimum time cycle. The model has also been justified with proving the convex property and by giving a numerical example.
文摘China’s energy demand growth rate is expected to slow down next year, with the government’s efforts to curb energy consumption intensive industries taking effect, executives from State oil and power companies said yesterday. Refined oil product consumption in China is likely
文摘Exchange rate functions under systems of centrallyplanned economy and market economy are quite different,and the mechanism to determine such exchange rate is alsodifferent. To adopt a socialist market economic system inChina, the exchange rate mechanism of Renminbi must bethoroughly transformed. To accomplish this goal, I believethere are three problems that must be solved: first,
文摘The present paper focuses an optimal policy of an inventory model for deteriorating items with generalized demand rate and deterioration rate. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The salvage value is included into deteriorated units. The main objective of the model is to minimize the total cost by optimizing the value of the shortage point, cycle length and order quantity. A numerical example is carried out to illustrate the model and sensitivity analyses of major parameters are discussed.
文摘在可再生能源和电动汽车高渗透率“双高”背景下,电网供需不确定性显著上升,亟须新的规划与调度策略以保障运行稳定。为此提出一种基于数据驱动的多源融合方法,构建充电需求预测模型,实现充电设施布局与动态充放电策略的联合优化。以Open配电系统仿真器(Open distribution system simulator,OpenDSS)平台为载体,对一个典型配电网络进行建模与仿真。研究结果表明,所提方法能够有效降低电网峰谷差,提升电网运行稳定性及充电设施利用率,并降低用户充电等待时间。
文摘The article deals with an economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model for deteriorating items in which the supplier provides the purchaser a permissible delay in payment. This is so when deterioration of units in the inventory is subject to constant deterioration rate, demand rate is quadratic function of time and salvage value is associated with the deteriorated units. Shortages in the system are not allowed to occur. A mathematical formulation is developed when the supplier offers a permissible delay period to the customers under two circumstances: 1) when delay period is less than the cycle of time;and 2) when delay period is greater than the cycle of time. The method is suitable for the items like state-of-the-art aircrafts, super computers, laptops, android mobiles, seasonal items and machines and their spare parts. A solution procedure algorithm is given for finding the optimal order quantity which minimizes the total cost of an inventory system. The article includes numerical examples to support the effectiveness of the developed model. Finally, sensitivity analysis on some parameters on optimal solution is provided.
文摘This paper considers a model regarding the products with finite life which allows defective items in reproduction and causes a small amount of decay. The market demand is assumed to be level dependent linear type. The model has also considered the constant production rate which stops after a desired level of inventories and that is the highest level of it. Due to the market demand, defective item and product’s decay, the inventory reduces to the zero level where again the production cycle starts. With a numerical search procedure</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> the proof of the proposed model has been shown. The objective of the proposed model is to find out the total optimum inventory cost, optimum ordering cost and optimum ordering cycle.
文摘“Low profit and high sales” is a strategy to increase sales volume by reducing the profit of unit goods, so that businesses can gain more profits. For flexible goods, price reduction can increase the total revenue, but when the goods are lack of flexibility, price reduction will reduce the total revenue. In this paper, according to the sales data provided by a supermarket, we preprocess the data, establish appropriate indicators to measure the daily discount strength of the mall, and establish a mathematical model between the discount strength, sales and profit margin. Through these models, we found that meager profits do bring up sales, but too low discounts can also hurt total profits. In addition, when shopping malls implement discount promotions, they will also bring some negative effects, and we give some suggestions for this.
